- ammonia
- or from malonic acid, acetaldehyde, and ammonia. (wikipedia.org)
- However, increased demand for pyridine resulted in the development of more economical methods of synthesis from acetaldehyde and ammonia, and more than 20,000 tonnes per year are manufactured worldwide. (wikipedia.org)
- It is now mainly produced by two principal routes, the condensation of acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, and ammonia and the cyclization of nitriles and acetylene. (wikipedia.org)
- One example of such reaction is the combination of acetaldehyde and ammonia: Approximately 8000 t/a was produced worldwide in 1989. (wikipedia.org)
- formaldehyde
- Schuetze Jr. A. "13C and 1H NMR study of formaldehyde reactions with acetaldehyde and acrolein. (wikipedia.org)
- hydrogen
- Zymomonas is an unwanted waterborne bacteria in beer, creating an estery-sulfury flavor due to the production of acetaldehyde and hydrogen sulfide. (wikipedia.org)
- Metaldehyde is obtained in moderate yields by treatment of acetaldehyde with various acid catalysts, such as hydrogen bromide. (wikipedia.org)
- Lactonitrile is obtained by reacting hydrogen cyanide with acetaldehyde. (wikipedia.org)
- acid
- In 1957, Zilkha reported a new simpler method based on adding amines to crotonic acid and then catalytically hydrogenolysing the product to produce BABA. (wikipedia.org)
- Commercial glyoxal is prepared either by the gas-phase oxidation of ethylene glycol in the presence of a silver or copper catalyst (the Laporte process) or by the liquid-phase oxidation of acetaldehyde with nitric acid. (wikipedia.org)
- Glyoxal may be synthesized in the laboratory by oxidation of acetaldehyde with selenious acid. (wikipedia.org)
- One pathway degrades the chlorocarbon to acetaldehyde via chloroacrylic acid. (wikipedia.org)
- toxic
- Metaldehyde has a toxicity profile identical to that for acetaldehyde, being mildly toxic and a respiratory irritant at the 50 ppm level. (wikipedia.org)
- alcohol
- A classic example for favoring the keto form can be seen in the equilibrium between vinyl alcohol and acetaldehyde (K = [enol]/[keto] ≈ 3 × 10−7). (wikipedia.org)
- However, it is reported that in the case of vinyl alcohol, formation of a stabilized enol form can be accomplished by controlling the water concentration in the system and utilizing the kinetic favorability of the deuterium produced kinetic isotope effect (kH+/kD+ = 4.75, kH2O/kD2O = 12). (wikipedia.org)
- Metaldehyde acts on the pest by contact or ingestion, and the aqueous environment inside the pest's cells readily hydrolyzes metaldehyde into acetaldehyde, the molecule associated with an alcohol hangover. (wikipedia.org)
- significantly
- From the particle emission standpoint, exhaust from diesel vehicles has been reported to be significantly more harmful than those from petrol vehicles. (wikipedia.org)
- found
- Like other pyridine derivatives, 2-methylpyridine is often reported as an environmental contaminant associated with facilities processing oil shale or coal, and has also been found at legacy wood treatment sites. (wikipedia.org)
- water
- Commercial bulk glyoxal is made and reported as a 40%-strength solution in water. (wikipedia.org)