Replicate sequence plasmids. Medical search. Frequent questions

This is facilitated via certain crucial regions in the Ti plasmid, including the vir region, which encodes for virulence genes, and the transfer DNA (T-DNA) region, which is a section of the Ti plasmid that is transferred via conjugation into host plant cells after an injury site is sensed by the bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
These opines can then be used as a nutrient for the infecting bacteria, which catabolizes the respective opines using genes encoded in the Ti plasmid. (wikipedia.org)
Carbapenemase genes usually are located on plasmids that can transmit vertically along clonal lineages and horizontally between different strains and species ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
Plasmids can be transferred through direct physical contact between bacteria in a process known as conjugation, which helps bacteria share their antibiotic resistance genes with their neighbors. (asm.org)
As S. Typhimurium frequently encounters gut bacteria, plasmid sharing, and the spread of resistance genes, is a real concern. (asm.org)
The study, led by researchers at ETH Zurich in Switzerland, focused on a plasmid that encodes resistance genes for streptomycin and sulfonamides, called P3 for short. (asm.org)
However, the researchers did not expect the plasmid to be transferred if there was no antibiotic pressure, as it would not directly benefit the bacteria to harbor resistance genes. (asm.org)
Plasmids are fragments of double-stranded DNA that typically carry genes and can replicate independently from chromosomal DNA. (addgene.org)
The combination of a DNA fragment with a plasmid or vector DNA backbone generates a recombinant DNA molecule, which can be used to study DNA fragments of interest, such as genes. (addgene.org)
Plasmids that are used most commonly in the field of recombinant DNA technology have been optimized for their use of studying and manipulating genes. (addgene.org)
By introducing the plasmid containing the I sakaiensis genes into V natriegens bacteria, the researchers were able to get V natriegens to produce the desired enzymes on the surface of their cells. (northcarolinadaily.com)
The gene components included are rep6 for plasmid regulation, a selectable marker for antibiotic resistance, parA and parB for F-plasmid DNA, and T7 and Sp6 for transcription of inserted genes. (byjus.com)
They are not part of the main chromosome of the cell, but they can replicate independently and carry genes that may confer some advantages to the host organism. (stemcelldaily.com)
Plasmids have been widely used in biotechnology and genetic engineering, as they can be manipulated to introduce, modify, or delete specific genes in the host cell. (stemcelldaily.com)
Plasmids often carry genes that confer some advantage to the host cell, such as antibiotic resistance, virulence factors, or metabolic capabilities. (stemcelldaily.com)
To resolve phylogenetic relationships among ries of bacterial clonal complexes by using concatenated isolates, we sequenced 68 isolates from Europe and North sequences of housekeeping genes when within-loci and America at 1 chromosomal locus (16S-23S ribosomal RNA between-loci recombinations are infrequent ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
Forty eight putative drought-induced WRKY genes were identified from a comparison between de novo transcriptome sequencing data of wheat without or with drought treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
Transcription factors, with specific DNA-binding domains (DBD) and trans -acting functional domains, can combine with specific DNA sequences to activate or inhibit transcription of downstream genes. (biomedcentral.com)

Evolutionarily, the Ti plasmid is part of a family of plasmids carried by many species of Alphaproteobacteria. (wikipedia.org)
CpG-free Plasmid Backbone pCpGfree is a family of plasmids completely devoid of CpG dinucleotides. (invivogen.com)

Direct sequencing of the recombinant plasmid is often performed to verify the sequence integrity of the cloned fragment. (neb.com)
The focus is on the collection of recombinant plasmids that can replicate in a microbial host strain. (go.jp)
For example, plasmids can be used to produce recombinant proteins, such as insulin or human growth hormone, in bacteria or yeast cells. (stemcelldaily.com)

Like the bacterial chromosomal DNA, plasmid DNA is replicated upon cell division, and each daughter cell receives at least one copy of the plasmid. (addgene.org)
These names reflect their ability to transfer from one cell to another through a process called conjugation, which involves the formation of a pilus (a thin tube-like structure) between two cells and the transfer of a copy of the plasmid. (stemcelldaily.com)

We performed whole-genome sequencing on 1,215 clinical Enterobacterales isolates collected in Singapore during 2010-2015. (cdc.gov)
We performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) by using the MiSeq platform (Illumina, https://www.illumina.com ) and the GridION X5 system (Oxford Nanopore Technologies, https://nanoporetech.com ). (cdc.gov)
The efficacy of pSelAct-KO was demonstrated in C. michiganensis and confirmed using whole genome sequencing. (biorxiv.org)
We isolated and whole-genome sequenced up to five colonies of faecal E. coli from 66 asymptomatic children aged three-to-five years in rural Gambia (n = 88 isolates from 21 positive stools). (peerj.com)

Plasmids encoding PE1, PE2 (same as PE3), and pegRNA expression vectors are available from Addgene. (nature.com)
In the early years of cloning, genomic DNA was often cloned into plasmid vectors using DNA adapters to add the required restriction sites to a gene of interest, prior to ligation. (neb.com)
Since detection, especially in tick vectors, is usually based on PCR with genus-specific primers to include different occurring Rickettsia species, subsequent species identification is mainly achieved by Sanger sequencing. (biomedcentral.com)
The four types of vectors are plasmids, viral vectors, cosmids and artificial chromosomes. (byjus.com)
Vectors that are able to carry larger gene sequences than any other vector are referred to as artificial chromosomes. (byjus.com)
A gene sequence of 100-1000 kbp can be inserted in these vectors. (byjus.com)
A gene sequence of 150-350 kbp can be inserted into the BAC vectors. (byjus.com)
Shuttle vectors have higher transformation efficiency, higher plasmid copy number, and the stability of plasmids is also seen. (byjus.com)
Vectors must be capable of autonomous replication within the host cell, must contain at least one specific nucleotide sequence recognized by a restriction endonuclease, and must carry at least one gene that confers the ability to select for the vector such as an antibiotic resistance gene. (pharmacy180.com)
Prokaryotic organisms normally contain small, circular, extrachromosomal DNA molecules called plasmids that can serve as vectors. (pharmacy180.com)

We have included information on modified and unmodified plasmids, bacterial mutant generation and the Enterobacterales strains ( Appendix 2 ). (cdc.gov)
Indeed, a recent study using another broad host range resistance plasmid showed that it can have a wide range of effects across different recipient strains, with some gaining a fitness benefit by maintaining the plasmid. (asm.org)
The BCCM/GeneCorner Plasmid Collection warrants the long-term storage and distribution of plasmids, microbial host strains and DNA libraries of fundamental, biotechnological, educational or general scientific importance. (go.jp)
As PBP active site mutations can confer ß-lactam resistance in Gram-negative bacteria, PBP sequences in two resistant B. pseudomallei strains were examined for similar alterations. (bvsalud.org)
They will not replicate in standard E. coli strains. (invivogen.com)

1,000 CRE isolates collected from the 6 public hospitals in Singapore during 2010-2015, a subset of which was previously described ( 6 ), we examined the distribution of different carbapenem-encoding plasmids to investigate the dynamics and dominance of pKPC2. (cdc.gov)
We analyzed 1,215 CRE isolates for carbapenemase plasmids distribution ( Appendix 1 Table). (cdc.gov)
Genetic relatedness of the isolates was characterized by multilocus sequence typing. (frontiersin.org)
Most of these CRAB isolates (77.62%) were classified as clone complex 92 (CC92), and sequence type (ST) 92 was the most prevalent STs, followed by ST195, ST136, ST843, and ST75. (frontiersin.org)
The genetic homogeneity of ospC -A isolates was confi rmed agent, Borrelia burgdorferi , a spirochete that parasitizes by sequences at 6 additional chromosomal housekeeping vertebrates, is transmitted by hard-bodied ticks through- loci ( gap, alr, glpA, xylB, ackA, and tgt ). (cdc.gov)

For instance, most plasmids are replicated in E. coli and are relatively small (∼3000 - 6000 basepairs) to enable easy manipulation. (addgene.org)
More recently, the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) has been used as an upstream step in a cloning protocol to introduce the necessary restriction sites for directional cloning, prior to preparation of the vector and insert by restriction digests, followed by fragment purification, fragment ligation, and transformation into an E. coli cloning strain for plasmid amplification. (neb.com)
These were spread over 37 seven-allele sequence types and the E. coli phylogroups A, B1, B2, C, D, E, F and Escherichia cryptic clade I. Immigration events accounted for three-quarters of the diversity within our study population, while one-quarter of variants appeared to have arisen from within-host evolution. (peerj.com)
Also, this study adds significantly to the number of commensal E. coli genomes, a group that has been traditionally underrepresented in the sequencing of this species. (peerj.com)
Typically, the elements required for replication and selection of the plasmid in E. coli and gene expression in mammalian cells are rich in CpG. (invivogen.com)
Due to the presence of the R6K gamma origin of replication, pCpGfree plasmids can only be amplified in an E. coli mutant strain expressing a pir mutant gene. (invivogen.com)
Therefore, pCpGfree plasmids are provided with the E. coli GT115 strain, a pir mutant also deficient in Dcm methylation. (invivogen.com)

Tick material from a quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) based study on Rickettsia -infections in I. ricinus allowed direct comparison of both sequencing techniques, Sanger and real-time pyrosequencing. (biomedcentral.com)
The method was then applied to 263 Rickettsia -positive Ixodes ricinus samples, of which 153 (58.2%) could be identified for their species (151 R. helvetica and 2 R. monacensis ) by previous custom Sanger sequencing. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, the method proved to be faster, more cost-effective as well as more sensitive than custom Sanger sequencing with simultaneous high specificity. (biomedcentral.com)
Total viral nucleic acid was extracted from 2 spots and amplified by nested PCR to generate a ~ 1 kb amplicon that was sequenced using Sanger sequencing technologies. (cdc.gov)
How does whole plasmid sequencing compare to Sanger sequencing? (eurofinsgenomics.com)
Sanger sequencing and Oxford Nanopore sequencing (ONT) are both methods for determining the sequence of nucleotides in a piece of DNA. (eurofinsgenomics.com)
Typically Sanger is consider the most accurate method for short-read sequencing and NGS is better for long-read sequencing. (eurofinsgenomics.com)
Overall, the choice between Sanger sequencing and ONT will depend on the specific needs of the application. (eurofinsgenomics.com)

In 1952, Joshua Lederberg coined the term plasmid, in reference to any extrachromosomal heritable determinant. (addgene.org)
The term plasmid was coined by Joshua Lederberg in 1952, who discovered that some bacteria can exchange genetic material through a process called conjugation. (stemcelldaily.com)

The role of a plasmid in this pathogenic ability was further supported when large plasmids were found only in pathogenic bacteria but not avirulent bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
Usually, small plasmids are present in high numbers and large plasmids are present in few numbers. (stemcelldaily.com)

The Ti plasmids themselves are sorted into different categories based on the type of molecule, or opine, they allow the bacteria to break down as an energy source. (wikipedia.org)
The presence of this Ti plasmid is essential for the bacteria to cause crown gall disease in plants. (wikipedia.org)
Because the T-DNA region of the Ti plasmid can be transferred from bacteria to plant cells, it represented an exciting avenue for the transfer of DNA between kingdoms and spurred large amounts of research on the Ti plasmid and its possible uses in bioengineering. (wikipedia.org)
Dissemination of carbapenemase-encoding plasmids by horizontal gene transfer in multidrug-resistant bacteria is the major driver of rising carbapenem-resistance, but the conjugative mechanics and evolution of clinically relevant plasmids are not yet clear. (cdc.gov)
Herein we have developed a widely applicable method for constructing unmarked mutations in this family of bacteria using a newly engineered temperature-sensitive plasmid, derived from an endogenous plasmid of M. haemolytica pD70. (usda.gov)
If a way could be found to insert the base sequence into the DNA of bacteria, for example, then those bacteria would be capable of manufacturing insulin. (faqs.org)
Although the concept of transferring a base sequence into a bacteria soundedrelatively simple, its actual execution presented a number of difficult technical challenges. (faqs.org)
One of the main vehicles for gene transfer among bacteria are small circular pieces of DNA, or plasmids. (asm.org)
A study recently published in ASM's Journal of Bacteriology discovered that a particular strain of S. Typhimurium, known as SL1344, shares its plasmids with other bacteria using the assistance of another plasmid. (asm.org)
For me, the most striking thing was that…the plasmid was taken up by other bacteria even without the selective pressure [of antibiotics]," explains Marla Gaissmaier, first author of the study and now a doctoral student at LMU Munich in Germany. (asm.org)
I didn't even challenge the bacteria with streptomycin, so there was no directly visible fitness advantage in taking up the plasmid. (asm.org)
However, DnaA proteins from two Gram-positive bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Streptomyces lividans , while capable of specifically interacting with the DnaA box sequences at oriV , do not bind stably and fail to induce open complex formation. (sri.com)
Plasmids are small circular DNA fragments that are found in many microorganisms, such as bacteria, archaea, and some eukaryotes. (stemcelldaily.com)
Exceptions are the linear plasmids in bacteria Streptomyces spp and Borrelia spp. (stemcelldaily.com)
Because cDNA has no intervening sequences, it can be cloned into an expression vector for the synthesis of human proteins by bacteria or eukaryotes. (pharmacy180.com)

We developed permissR, an R package to identify permissive sites for chromosomal integration, which can be used in conjunction with pSelAct-Express, a non-replicating integrative plasmid that enables recombination into a permissive genomic location. (biorxiv.org)
There are chances of gene deletion and gene recombination or inversion in the inserted gene sequence. (byjus.com)

These mutations were clustered within a 200-bp region of the presumed plasmid origin of replication. (usda.gov)
Site-directed single-nucleotide substitutions were introduced into the wild-type pD70 origin of replication to confirm that mutations identified by sequencing had conferred thermoregulated replication. (usda.gov)
The copy number is regulated by various factors, such as the size of the plasmid, the origin of replication, and the availability of nutrients and energy. (stemcelldaily.com)

In contrast to a chromosomal replication origin, which functionally interacts only with the native DnaA protein of the organism, the ability of RK2 to replicate in a wide range of Gram-negative bacterial hosts requires the interaction of oriV with many different DnaA proteins. (sri.com)
In order to isolate a particular gene from human chromosomal DNA, it would be necessary to isolate a sequence of a few hundred or few thousand basepairs from the entire human genome. (addgene.org)
Plasmids are also known as extra-chromosomal elements or genetic tools. (stemcelldaily.com)
Plasmids are also known as sex factors , conjugants , extra chromosomal replicons , or transfer factors . (stemcelldaily.com)
Plasmids are small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecules that are distinct from the chromosomal DNA of the host cell. (stemcelldaily.com)

A tumour inducing (Ti) plasmid is a plasmid found in pathogenic species of Agrobacterium, including A. tumefaciens, A. rhizogenes, A. rubi and A. vitis. (wikipedia.org)
pKPC2 frequently conjugates with many Enterobacterales species, including hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae , and maintains stability in vitro without selection pressure and minimal adaptive sequence changes. (cdc.gov)
On a sequence level, P3 very closely resembles another plasmid known as pRSF1010, which has a broad host range, meaning it can replicate in a wide variety of bacterial species. (asm.org)
A sequence stretch of rickettsial citrate synthase ( gltA ) gene was identified to contain divergent single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites suitable for Rickettsia species differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
Positive control plasmids inserting the respective target sequence of each Rickettsia species of interest were constructed for initial establishment of the real-time pyrosequencing approach using Qiagen's PSQ 96MA Pyrosequencing System operating in a 96-well format. (biomedcentral.com)
Establishment of real-time pyrosequencing using positive control plasmids resulted in accurate detection of all SNPs in all included Rickettsia species. (biomedcentral.com)
Plasmids can vary in size from 1 kb to 200 kb, and they can exist in different species and get transferred from one cell to another. (stemcelldaily.com)

By the 1970s the combined discoveries of restriction enzymes, DNA ligase, and gel electrophoresis allowed for the ability to move specific fragments of DNA from one context to another, such as from a chromosome to a plasmid. (addgene.org)
Plasmids are genetic sequences that can replicate in a cell, independent of the cell's own chromosome. (northcarolinadaily.com)

Digesting the human genome with restriction enzymes would yield about two million DNA fragments, which is far too many to separate from each other for the purposes of isolating one specific DNA sequence. (addgene.org)
Typically plasmids contain the minimum essential DNA sequences for this purpose, which includes a DNA replication origin, an antibiotic-resistance gene, and a region in which exogenous DNA fragments can be inserted. (addgene.org)
Traditional Cloning usually refers to the use of restriction endonucleases to generate DNA fragments with specific complementary end sequences that can be joined together with a DNA ligase , prior to transformation . (neb.com)
This is a region that contains several restriction enzyme recognition sites, which allow the insertion of foreign DNA fragments into the plasmid. (stemcelldaily.com)
Each enzyme cleaves at a specific four to eight-base pair sequence (a restriction site), producing DNA segments called restriction fragments. (pharmacy180.com)

Though wild-type AAV is unable to replicate autonomously and requires co-infection with helper viruses, such as adenovirus, the expression of AAV rep or cap from rcAAV present in an AAV vector increases the risk of immunotoxicity in vector-transduced tissues. (nxtbook.com)
This typically involves preparing both a DNA fragment to be cloned (insert) and a self-replicating DNA plasmid (vector) by cutting with two unique restriction enzymes that flank the DNA sequence and are present at the preferred site of insertion of the vector, often called the multiple cloning site (MCS). (neb.com)
A vector is a stretch of DNA that acts as a transport for carrying foreign genetic material into host cells, where it can replicate and express itself. (byjus.com)
Functional fertility plasmids or F-plasmids are used for the vector construction. (byjus.com)
The pGNS-BAC-1 plasmid is a shuttle vector. (byjus.com)

Suppose that the base sequence T-G-G-C-T-A-C-T on a DNA molecule carries the instruction "make insulin. (faqs.org)
An anticodon is a trinucleotide sequence located at one end of a transfer RNA (tRNA) molecule, which is complementary to a corresponding codon in a messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence. (genome.gov)
He named this molecule plasmid, from the Greek word plasmos, meaning molded or formed. (stemcelldaily.com)
Introduction of a foreign DNA molecule into a replicating cell permits the amplification (production of many copies) of the DNA, a process called cloning. (pharmacy180.com)
A probe is a small piece of RNA or single-stranded DNA (usually labeled with a radioisotope, such as 32P, or another recognizable compound, such as biotin or a fluorescent dye) that has a nucleotide sequence complementary to the DNA molecule of interest (target DNA). (pharmacy180.com)

Note that the sequence of available ORFs provided by InvivoGen can differ from a given reference Genbank record due to genetic variations and/or alternative splicing. (invivogen.com)

For example, the plasmid may carry unknown fitness benefits besides antibiotic resistance. (asm.org)
Transformed colonies, now resistant to an antibiotic due to a resistance gene harbored by the plasmid, are screened by colony PCR or restriction digest of plasmid DNA for the correct insert. (neb.com)
This is a gene that confers resistance to a certain antibiotic or toxin, which helps in identifying and selecting the cells that contain the plasmid. (stemcelldaily.com)

Using 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing and metagenomics, we resolved the microbial community composition on the North and South Shelves of Iceland, analyzed its evolution from 2011 to 2018, identified frequently occurring taxa, and predicted their potential metabolism. (matis.is)

The sequence of the four nucleotide bases encodes DNA's information. (genome.gov)

protein the SE phage of the plasmid Only to Expression t. (scoutconnection.com)
Plasmids can also be used to study gene expression and regulation, gene function and interaction, and gene therapy. (stemcelldaily.com)
Some plasmids are compatible with each other and can be maintained together in a stable state, while others are incompatible and compete for resources or interfere with each other`s replication or expression. (stemcelldaily.com)

Temperature-sensitive (TS) plasmids were generated through chemical mutagenesis of a derivative of the streptomycin resistance parent plasmid pD70, isolated from Mannheimia hemolytica serotype 1. (usda.gov)

Deletion analysis on the wild-type pD70 plasmid replicon revealed that approximately 720 bp necessary for plasmid maintenance. (usda.gov)
Here, we present a suite of tools for genetic manipulation in the tomato pathogen C. michiganensis including a markerless deletion system, an integrative plasmid, and an R package for identification of permissive sites for plasmid integration. (biorxiv.org)

High-throughput sequencing data have been deposited to the NCBI Sequence Read Archive database under accession PRJNA565979 . (nature.com)

In cells, they are presumably anchored at parS sites by sequence-specific interactions but must also contain many interactions with non-specific DNA (nsDNA), as well as self-association interactions that bridge ParB protomers to form DNA loops. (elifesciences.org)

Compatibility of plasmids - this refers to the ability of two different plasmids to coexist in the same bacterial cell. (stemcelldaily.com)

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR), another method for amplifying a selected DNA sequence, does not rely on the biologic cloning method. (pharmacy180.com)

One CRAB isolate of ST195 harbored plasmid pAB52 from a Chinese patient without travel history. (frontiersin.org)

Matrix attached regions (MARs) are sequences typically AT-rich that are able to form barriers between independently regulated domains [2]. (invivogen.com)
They can replicate independently . (stemcelldaily.com)

It ideally contains a copy of every DNA nucleotide sequence in the genome. (pharmacy180.com)
PCR permits the synthesis of millions of copies of a specific nucleotide sequence in a few hours. (pharmacy180.com)

A good sample submitted properly will typically yields hundreds or even thousands of sequencing reads. (eurofinsgenomics.com)

Transfer of a plasmid (green loop) between two bacterial cells through the process of conjugation. (asm.org)

Sequence typing this pathogen can reveal geographical origin and uncover epidemiological associations. (bvsalud.org)

we will provide a clean, complete consensus sequence for each plasmid. (eurofinsgenomics.com)

To consistently transform H. somnus with TS plasmid, in vitro DNA methylation with commercially available HhaI methyltransferase was necessary to protect against the organism's restriction enzyme HsoI (recognition sequence 5'-GCGC-3') characterized herein. (usda.gov)
We have reconstructed almost the entire genomes of RVs as DNA forms using the patient's residual plasma vRNA by an overlapping RT-nested PCR method, and then sequence-analyzed the cloned genomes and tested them for their biological activities in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)

This type of AAV (rcAAV) is able to replicate in the presence of a helper virus. (nxtbook.com)
It does not indicate whether the DNA sequence is infectious or capable of helper-virus assisted replication. (nxtbook.com)
in S. Typhimurium this helper plasmid is known as P2. (asm.org)

Eventually, the detection of parts of bacterial plasmids in host plant cells was established, confirming that this was the genetic material responsible for the genetic effect of infection. (wikipedia.org)
dual-labeled hybridizable probe for detection and quantification of amplified DNA junction sequence. (nxtbook.com)
Applications of the PCR technique include: 1) efficient comparison of a normal gene with a mutant form of the gene, 2) detection of low-abundance nucleic acid sequences, 3) forensic analysis of DNA samples, and 4) prenatal diagnosis and carrier detection (for example, of cystic fibrosis). (pharmacy180.com)

A key feature of Ti plasmids is their ability to drive the production of opines, which are derivatives of various amino acids or sugar phosphates, in host plant cells. (wikipedia.org)
With the identification of the Ti plasmid, many studies were carried out to determine the characteristics of the Ti plasmid and how the genetic material is transferred from the Agrobacterium to the plant host. (wikipedia.org)
Replication initiation of the broad host range plasmid RK2 requires binding of the host-encoded DnaA protein to specific sequences (DnaA boxes) at its replication origin ( oriV ). (sri.com)
These results suggest that the inability of the DnaA protein of a host bacterium to form a stable and functional complex with the DnaA boxes at oriV is a limiting step for plasmid host range. (sri.com)
This benefit can be context-dependent, and thus the plasmid exists in a symbiotic relationship with the host cell. (addgene.org)
C . trachomatis only replicates from inside a host cell, and has evolved to acquire a variety of nutrients directly from its host. (plos.org)
Plasmids have certain essential elements that enable them to replicate and maintain themselves in the host cell. (stemcelldaily.com)

This plasmid is designed for DNA immunization experiments in animal models. (invivogen.com)
However, further experiments using only replicates in which one family is held out as the data size decreases. (storiedellaltromondo.com)

A protein consists of one or more chains of amino acids (called polypeptides) whose sequence is encoded in a gene. (genome.gov)
In some embodiments, the mutated HPV L1 capsid protein has an amino acid sequence alteration that modifies in the subject HPV serotype-specific immunogenicity of the capsid protein relative to a naturally-occurring capsid protein. (justia.com)

The researchers took the DNA from I sakaiensis which is responsible for producing the enzymes that break down plastic, and incorporated that genetic sequence into a plasmid. (northcarolinadaily.com)

Here we obtained a well-resolved polymorphism type of intergenic spacer (IGS) sequence phylogeny of B. burgdorferi sensu stricto clonal complexes (corresponding to the ospC- A and -B groups) is associated by using multilocus sequence typing at housekeeping loci with hematogenous dissemination in patients with early as well as loci under adaptive evolution. (cdc.gov)

Fig. 5: P2 promoters contain built-in enhancer sequences. (nature.com)

Difficult to sequence repetitive regions without gaps and resolve large variations. (eurofinsgenomics.com)
The human genome contains many thousands of polymorphisms (DNA sequence variations at a given locus). (pharmacy180.com)

2018) using expressed sequence tag-short tandem repeats (EST-STRs) markers. (matis.is)

A codon is a DNA or RNA sequence of three nucleotides (a trinucleotide) that forms a unit of genetic information encoding a particular amino acid. (genome.gov)

Members of this plasmid family are defined by the presence of a conserved DNA region known as the repABC gene cassette, which mediates the replication of the plasmid, the partitioning of the plasmid into daughter cells during cell division as well as the maintenance of the plasmid at low copy numbers in a cell. (wikipedia.org)
The sequence acts, therefore, as an "instruction manual" that directs all cell functions. (faqs.org)
In other words, you can sneak a plasmid into a foreign cell, and that cell will carry out the instructions in the plasmid's DNA. (northcarolinadaily.com)
The absence of a plasmid in the cell does not affect cell functioning, but the presence of a plasmid in the cell is usually beneficial . (stemcelldaily.com)
Copy number - the copy number refers to the number of copies of plasmid present in the bacterial cell. (stemcelldaily.com)

Scientists found that the precise arrangement (or sequence) of nitrogen bases A, C, G. and T on the DNA strand is the recipe that codes for the manufacture of specific chemical compounds, namely proteins. (faqs.org)
This is a specific sequence of DNA where the replication of the plasmid begins. (stemcelldaily.com)
Southern blotting is a technique that can be used to detect specific sequences present in DNA. (pharmacy180.com)

Anatomy2

Organisms25

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs41

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment19

Phenomena and Processes69

Information Science4

Genes18

Family of plasmids2

Recombinant3

Copy of the plasmid2

Whole-genome4

Vectors10

Strains5

Isolates5

Coli7

Sanger8

Term plasmid2

Large plasmids2

Bacteria15

Recombination2

Origin of replicat3

Chromosomal5

Species7

Chromosome2

Fragments5

Vector5

Molecule5

GenBank1

Antibiotic3

Amplicon1

Encodes1

Expression3

Resistance1

Deletion2

Accession1

ParB1

Coexist1

Cloning1

Isolate1

Independently2

Nucleotide2

Typically1

Conjugation1

Pathogen1

Consensus sequence1

Vitro2

Helper3

Detection3

Host7

Experiments2

Protein2

Enzymes1

Dissemination1

Promoters1

Variations2

20181

Nucleotides1

Cell5

Specific3