• Pulmonary valve regurgitation may occur as a result of a number of conditions, including endocarditis and pulmonary hypertension (high blood pressure). (emoryhealthcare.org)
  • Large atrial septal defects can eventually lead to pulmonary hypertension or heart failure. (uchicagomedicine.org)
  • Abnormalities in this area may include pulmonic valve stenosis or regurgitation, as well as pulmonary hypertension. (nclexnursing.com)
  • The pathophysiologic role of quantitatively defined MR as a determinant of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is incompletely characterized across the whole spectrum of AS degrees. (univr.it)
  • We present a rare case of an adult woman with L-TGA associated with Ebstein's anomaly, left superior vena cava and pulmonary hypertension diagnosed by non-invasive imaging and computed tomography. (scirp.org)
  • The patient was already diagnosed with severe mitral valve stenosis and moderate mitral regurgitation, severe pulmonary artery hypertension, and moderate tricuspid regurgitation. (cksonline.cz)
  • Tricuspid regurgitation is often caused by underlying conditions that increase blood pressure in the pulmonary artery (called pulmonary hypertension ) or in the right side of the heart. (dignityhealth.org)
  • Dilatation of pulmonary valve secondary to pulmonary hypertension. (easymbbs.com)
  • Chronic pulmonary hypertension 31. (muni.cz)
  • 2-month-old baby who presented with course was difficult to assess with 2-D 2 tricuspid regurgitation, with an esti- a picture of pulmonary hypertension echocardiography. (who.int)
  • The history solicits information intended to: 1) distinguish between cardiac and pulmonary disease, 2) establish a diagnosis, 3) determine the frequency and extent of clinical impairment, 4) assess response (or lack of response) to therapy, 5) detect other medical conditions, and 6) establish a doctor-client relationship. (vin.com)
  • The primary function of the heart valve is to ensure unidirectional flow of blood throughout the cardiac cycle with its thin flap made of tissue. (medgadget.com)
  • Eighteen subjects were recruited in the experiment, where one subject exhibited cardiac valve insufficiency and arrhythmia. (ntou.edu.tw)
  • In the experiment, temperature curve variation data are successfully obtained from the healthy subjects, whereas the temperature curve irregularities of the patient with cardiac valve insufficiency are identified. (ntou.edu.tw)
  • The neo-aortic valve closure performance was investigated by the parameters, such as stress of neo-aortic root, variation of neo-aortic valve ring as well as aortic valve cusps contact force in the cardiac diastole. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Different geometric models with various diameter of DSTJ and SD were investigated by the parameters, such as stress of neo-aortic root, change of the neo-aortic valve ring and neo-aortic valve cusps contact force during cardiac diastole. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although pulmonary valve stenosis or regurgitation is often tolerated over the short and intermediate terms, the long-term consequences are numerous and include, but are not limited to, right-sided heart failure, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. (structuralheartdisease.org)
  • The pediatric cardiologists and cardiac surgeons at Boston Children's have pioneered several of the interventional catheterization-repair techniques, now used widely for many congenital heart defects, including pulmonary valve stenosis. (childrenshospital.org)
  • Those who have moderate to severe stenosis are most often treated by cardiac catheterization (balloon dilation or valvuloplasty). (childrenshospital.org)
  • A large study called the Second Natural History Study of Congenital Heart Defects analyzed the treatment, quality of life, echocardiography findings, complications, exercise responses, and predisposition to endocarditis with regards to cardiac valvular disease, and pulmonary stenosis was found to be the most benign valvular lesion. (medscape.com)
  • Through a poorly understood process, the cardiac jelly goes through local expansion and bolus swelling, and cardiac valves are formed. (medscape.com)
  • When you need treatment for heart valve disease, including tricuspid valve disease, you can trust the cardiac team at Dignity Health to treat you with respect and humankindness. (dignityhealth.org)
  • Multiple types of congenital heart defects-7 (CHTD7) is an autosomal dominant disorder with incomplete penetrance characterized mainly by tetralogy of Fallot but also including right-sided aortic arch, absent pulmonary valve, and other cardiac abnormalities (Jin et al. (beds.ac.uk)
  • Staging classification of aortic stenosis based on the extent of cardiac damage. (beds.ac.uk)
  • Infective endocarditis is a life-threatening infection rect evidence of M. genitalium pathogenicity is weak of the cardiac endothelium that can manifest as a and often difficult to ascertain because of concomitant new cardiac murmur, heart failure, valve vegetations, sexually transmitted pathogens. (cdc.gov)
  • Pulmonary valve stenosis most often occurs as a result of a congenital defect (present from birth), but can also be caused by rheumatic fever (often associated with untreated strep throat or scarlet fever) or endocarditis (inflammation of the lining inside the heart), among other conditions. (emoryhealthcare.org)
  • Intravenous drug use can also lead to endocarditis and cause heart valve disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Authorized by Federal law for use in patients under 19 years of age for correction or reconstruction of the Right Ventricular Outflow Tract (RVOT) in the following congenital heart malformations: Pulmonary Stenosis, Tetraogy of Fallot, Truncus Arteriosus, Transposition with Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD), Pulmonary Atresia. (medtronic.com)
  • Atresia, regurgitation or valvular inadequacy, prolapse and valvular stenosis are some major diseases associated with the heart valve. (medgadget.com)
  • [ 2 ] aortic stenosis, or atresia.The two pathologic forms of primary endocardial fibroelastosis are dilated, which is most common, and contracted. (medscape.com)
  • The disease can be primary or secondary to various congenital heart diseases, most notably hypoplastic left heart syndrome, aortic stenosis, or atresia. (medscape.com)
  • But some of these diseases are treated only by replacement and not by repairing, for instance, mitral, tricuspid, and pulmonary valves can be repaired and replaced depending upon the condition of the patient but the aortic valve is not repaired but only replaced with the prosthetic heart valve. (medgadget.com)
  • M. genitalium in a prosthetic heart valve of a woman who sought care lacks a cell wall, making -lactam, fosfomycin, and in Switzerland for acute aortic valve dysfunction 3 years glycopeptide antimicrobials ineffective ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Patients with tetralogy of Fallot have a VSD, RV infundibular stenosis, RVH, and an enlarged aorta (in about half of patients, it overrides the septum). (medical-definitions.net)
  • The aorta can get very big, and aortic regurgitation can happen. (medical-definitions.net)
  • The aortic valve goes from your left ventricle to your aorta. (healthline.com)
  • The aortic valve allows blood to flow from the left ventricle to the aorta. (cdc.gov)
  • Echocardiography by catheterization, and this confirmed ies from the aorta and the other arises revealed a dilated right heart with grade the diagnosis of left hemitruncus (Fig- normally from the right ventricles in the 4 tricuspid regurgitation. (who.int)
  • Defects may be due to narrowing of one or more valves (stenosis), backflow of blood, through a leaky valve (regurgitation), or the presence of abnormal passages through which blood flows in or near the heart. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pathologic causes of systolic murmurs include atrial and ventricular septal defects, pulmonary or aortic outflow tract abnormalities, and patent ductus arteriosus. (aafp.org)
  • Many structural and heart valve defects are conditions that are present at birth. (uchicagomedicine.org)
  • Percutaneous balloon pulmonary dilation (valvuloplasty) may be performed when no other heart defects are present. (medlineplus.gov)
  • By listening attentively to this area, healthcare professionals can assess for signs of tricuspid valve regurgitation, stenosis, or other structural defects. (nclexnursing.com)
  • Refers to the specific combination of defects with a severely dysplastic pulmonary valve and massively dilated branch pulmonary arteries. (beds.ac.uk)
  • In four-chamber view, atrioventricular discordance was detected with severe tricuspid regurgitation (vena contracta = 9.3 mm) and dysplasia of the mitral leaflets with severe mitral regurgitation (vena contracta = 10.3 mm) by color Doppler, Video 1. (scirp.org)
  • Echocardiography and Doppler may not pick up on pulmonary valve regurgitation, which is very bad. (medical-definitions.net)
  • 1. After surgical relief of RVOT obstruction with a conduit or prosthetic valve , patients should be followed up on a 1- to 2-year basis with echocardiography Doppler assessment of RV systolic pressure and function, as well as a measurement of the gradient across the RVOT . (wikidoc.org)
  • 2. Either surgical or percutaneous therapy can be useful in asymptomatic patients when a pulmonary bioprosthetic valve has a peak Doppler gradient greater than 50 mm Hg. (wikidoc.org)
  • Pulmonic valvular stenosis (PVS) is a form of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO). (medscape.com)
  • 10] Mutations in germlines PTPN1 and RAF1 associated tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) are also associated with a uni- or bicuspid pulmonic valve, which may or may not cause an independent obstruction. (medscape.com)
  • It has potentially catastrophic consequences such as obstruction of the stenotic mitral valve orifice causing sudden death or systemic embolization. (cksonline.cz)
  • Stenosis is a narrowing or obstruction of the valve that restricts blood flow out of the atrium. (dignityhealth.org)
  • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is persistent narrowing (blocking, or obstruction) of the airways occurring with emphysema, chronic obstructive bronchitis, or both disorders. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Acute coronary obstruction during transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has been a well-known and feared complication since preclinical studies, but it's the rare and deadly problem of delayed coronary obstruction that is being raised as a new concern. (medscape.com)
  • Although a coronary guidewire was used as a preventive measure during TAVR in one patient, the autopsy confirmed valve leaflet obstruction. (medscape.com)
  • For cases within 7 days of TAVR, the patient may leave the cath lab after a successful procedure but the valve may continue to expand and then cause an obstruction, he said. (medscape.com)
  • There also may be a thrombotic event or heavily calcified valve within the sinus of Valsalva causing obstruction. (medscape.com)
  • Echocardiography is the mainstay of imaging and demonstrates thickened right heart valves with limited mobility and regurgitation. (karger.com)
  • Mitral Valve Prolapse murmur at mitral area Heart sounds of a 16-year-old girl diagnosed with mitral valve prolapse and mitral regurgitation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mitral Valve Prolapse murmur at tricuspid area Her heart sounds while holding her breath. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mitral Valve Prolapse murmur at tricuspid area after exercising Her heart sounds during recovery after running. (wikipedia.org)
  • Heart murmur Ventricular septal defect murmur in 14 year old female's heart, heard from the mitral valve area. (wikipedia.org)
  • By doing so this will help find the presence of an aortic regurgitation murmur. (wikipedia.org)
  • The most common signs of pulmonary valve stenosis in a newborn are blueness (cyanosis, lower oxygen levels) and the presence of a heart murmur . (childrenshospital.org)
  • An abnormal murmur in adults is usually caused by problems with the valves that separate the chambers of your heart. (healthline.com)
  • Secondary to mitral stenosis producing an early diastolic murmur (Graham Steel murmur). (easymbbs.com)
  • The pulmonic valve develops between the 6th and 9th week of gestation. (medscape.com)
  • Normally, the pulmonic valve is formed from three swellings of subendocardial tissue called the semilunar valves. (medscape.com)
  • The swellings are normally hollowed out and reshaped to form the three thin-walled cusps of the pulmonic valve. (medscape.com)
  • Any structural abnormalities of these valves bring about multifold changes in the dynamics of blood flow. (homeodoctor.co.in)
  • Additionally, abnormal sounds like aortic valve clicks may be suggestive of structural abnormalities. (nclexnursing.com)
  • The program has formed in response to the greater emphasis currently being placed on identifying and treating valve abnormalities in children and young adults with congenital heart disease. (childrenshospital.org)
  • We present a case of an 82-year-old woman with the free-floating left atrial thrombus which was found incidentally on the preoperative transesophageal echocardiogram in the patient with mitral valve disease and persistent atrial fibrillation. (cksonline.cz)
  • An 82-year-old woman with a medical history of rheumatic mitral valve disease, persistent atrial fibrillation, and previous cerebral infarction was admitted to our hospital with progressively increasing dyspnea. (cksonline.cz)
  • In addition, the Contegra Pulmonary Valved Conduit is indicated for the replacement of previously implanted dysfunctional pulmonary homografts or valved conduits. (medtronic.com)
  • Stenosis, or narrowing, occurs when the valve cannot open wide enough. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Narrowing that occurs in the valve itself is called valvular pulmonic stenosis. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Pulmonary valve stenosis occurs due to improper development of the pulmonary valve in the first eight weeks of fetal growth. (childrenshospital.org)
  • A free-floating thrombus in the left atrium is a rare condition that usually occurs with mitral valve disease. (cksonline.cz)
  • Regurgitation occurs when blood flows backwards from the ventricle to the atrium. (dignityhealth.org)
  • tricuspid regurgitation usually occurs in a normal valve that has been affected by other heart disorders. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Currently, the TAVR is used to detect severe and symptomatic aortic stenosis, but the early intervention of patients with moderate or mild aortic stenosis potentially through TAVR would be beneficial for expansion and attain growth for this market, this factor possesses as an opportunity for this market. (medgadget.com)
  • Children with mild to moderate pulmonary stenosis may not have any symptoms. (childrenshospital.org)
  • The transesophageal echocardiogram performed in July 2018 showed progression of the mitral valve stenosis, normal ejection fraction of left ventricle, spontaneous echo contrast in the gigantic left atrium (LAVi 350.8 cm 3 ) with no mention of thrombus neither in atrium nor in appendage, and moderate tricuspid regurgitation. (cksonline.cz)
  • Mild to moderate tricuspid valve disease may not require any treatment. (dignityhealth.org)
  • The pulmonary valve controls blood flow between the heart and the lungs. (emoryhealthcare.org)
  • In pulmonary valve regurgitation, the valve does not close completely, allowing blood to flow backward into the heart. (emoryhealthcare.org)
  • Pulmonary valve stenosis can cause the heart to work harder, ultimately damaging the muscle and leading to heart failure, while pulmonary valve regurgitation can cause enlargement in the right ventricle, one of the four chambers of the heart. (emoryhealthcare.org)
  • Heart murmurs are unique heart sounds produced when blood flows across a heart valve or blood vessel. (wikipedia.org)
  • CHD primarily affects right heart valves, causing tricuspid and pulmonic regurgitation and less frequently stenosis of these valves. (karger.com)
  • Left heart valves are usually spared because vasoactive substances such as serotonin are enzymatically inactivated in the lung vasculature. (karger.com)
  • Cardiogenic pulmonary edema in dogs results from left-heart volume overload (mitral regurgitation, endocardiosis) or dilated cardiomyopathy. (vin.com)
  • UChicago Medicine's multidisciplinary team delivers the highest level of patient-centered care for structural and heart valve disease.Through constant collaboration and discussion, we create personal treatment plans designed to maximize overall outcomes and quality of life, including those with complex cases or high-risk patients. (uchicagomedicine.org)
  • Without the third leaflet, the valve will not close properly and blood can leak backwards into the heart, which reduces blood flow to the rest of the body. (uchicagomedicine.org)
  • Patients with bicuspid aortic valve disease usually have an aortic valve repair or aortic valve replacement surgery to prevent further heart problems. (uchicagomedicine.org)
  • Mitral valve prolapse develops when one of the leaflets that act as the seal for the mitral valve have extra tissue that protrudes into the upper left chamber as the heart contracts. (uchicagomedicine.org)
  • Pulmonic stenosis is a heart valve disorder that involves the pulmonary valve. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Some people may need heart surgery to repair or replace the pulmonary valve. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Valves are flap-like structure present at the openings of the atria into the ventricles, and at the openings into the large blood vessels arising from the heart. (homeodoctor.co.in)
  • Chronic Pulmonary Heart Diseases (incl. (sharecare.com)
  • Mitral valve, tricuspid valve, pulmonary valve, and aortic valve are four main valves present in the heart. (medgadget.com)
  • These diseases can be treated with the help of the replacement or repair of the heart valve. (medgadget.com)
  • The global heart valve replacement market is fragmented based on by material, position, end-user, approach and Region. (medgadget.com)
  • Based on region, the global heart valve replacement market is segmented into North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America and Middle East & Africa (MEA). (medgadget.com)
  • In the year 2020, the heart valve replacement market is expected to witness the slight declining of COVID 19 pandemic. (medgadget.com)
  • Various medical research institute and manufacturer are trying to find the use heart valve replacement string. (medgadget.com)
  • However, the market is anticipated to witness slight fluctuations in demand and supply for heart valve replacement due to closing of international trades. (medgadget.com)
  • As per GMR industry analyst Akshata Ahire, "The global heart valve replacement market is anticipated to witness significant growth during forecast period 2020-2027 driven by increasing prevalence of heart valve disease in Elderly Population and the growing prevalence of severe aortic stenosis disorder and mitral regurgitation are boosting the market. (medgadget.com)
  • Key players in the market are actively focusing on R&D activities to develop heart valve replacement products. (medgadget.com)
  • US based Abbott, holds approximately 20% of market share of global heart valve replacement market in year 2019. (medgadget.com)
  • Several governments' bodies globally are willing to incorporate heart valve replacement in public immunization programs given assured quality, safety, and affordability of the string in hospitals. (medgadget.com)
  • This, in turn, creates awareness among the people about the heart valve replacement, thus boosting segment growth. (medgadget.com)
  • The mechanical segment is anticipated to expand at a substantial CAGR during the forecast period as it is made up of mechanical heart valves are made from titanium and carbon which is suitable for human health. (medgadget.com)
  • There is growing appreciation for the long-term adverse impact of right-sided dysfunction of the pulmonary valve in patients with congenital heart disease. (structuralheartdisease.org)
  • The Venus P-valve (Venus Medtech, Shanghai, China) is a recently developed self-expanding transcatheter heart valve designed to adapt to a dilated RVOT and in such it provide patients with a percutaneous interventional option after transannular patch repair. (structuralheartdisease.org)
  • It may also be caused by a heart problem, such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or a heart valve problem like aortic valve stenosis. (resurrectionofgavinstonemovie.com)
  • Clinical heart researchers at Boston Children's have created a Congenital Heart Valve Program with a focus on valve repair, rather than replacement. (childrenshospital.org)
  • If your newborn has any symptoms that suggest a heart problem such as pulmonary valve stenosis, your pediatrician will refer you to a pediatric cardiologist. (childrenshospital.org)
  • In some cases, pulmonary valve stenosis may be repaired by open-heart surgery , although this is less common. (childrenshospital.org)
  • The tricuspid valve has three small tissue flaps that control blood flow between the right atrium and ventricle of the heart. (dignityhealth.org)
  • Doctors may diagnose tricuspid valve disease after hearing a certain abnormal sound while listening to your heart through a stethoscope. (dignityhealth.org)
  • Our expert treatment of tricuspid valve disease generally aims to reduce symptoms and restore heart valve function. (dignityhealth.org)
  • Early disease-specific treatment before the development of irreversible damage (ie, fibrosis of heart valves) should result in an improved outcome no matter what type of treatment. (medscape.com)
  • These sounds are caused by the closing of valves inside your heart. (healthline.com)
  • Zareenah's heart condition, pulmonary stenosis, was diagnosed at her mum, Homaira's 20 week scan. (tinytickers.org)
  • Broward Health's heart specialists use minimally invasive valve surgery techniques whenever possible to restore your heart function. (browardhealth.org)
  • Our team specializes in repairing and replacing diseased heart valves. (browardhealth.org)
  • Overview of Heart Valve Disorders Heart valves regulate the flow of blood through the heart's four chambers-two small, round upper chambers (atria) and two larger, cone-shaped lower chambers (ventricles). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Valvular heart disease is when any valve in the heart has damage or is diseased. (cdc.gov)
  • The normal heart has four chambers (right and left atria, and right and left ventricles) and four valves (Figure 1). (cdc.gov)
  • The valves open and close to control or regulate the blood flowing into the heart and then away from the heart. (cdc.gov)
  • Three of the heart valves are composed of three leaflets or flaps that work together to open and close to allow blood to flow across the opening. (cdc.gov)
  • Healthy heart valve leaflets are able to fully open and close the valve during the heartbeat, but diseased valves might not fully open and close. (cdc.gov)
  • Any valve in the heart can become diseased, but the aortic valve is most commonly affected. (cdc.gov)
  • Diseased heart valves might not fully open and close. (cdc.gov)
  • If the heart valves are diseased, the heart can't effectively pump blood throughout the body and has to work harder to pump, either while the blood is leaking back into the chamber or against a narrowed opening. (cdc.gov)
  • Nearly 25,000 deaths in the U.S. each year are due to heart valve disease from causes other than rheumatic disease. (cdc.gov)
  • The infection can cause scarring of the heart valve . (cdc.gov)
  • The infection can settle on the heart valves and damage the leaflets. (cdc.gov)
  • Congenital heart valve disease is malformations of the heart valves, such as missing one of its leaflets. (cdc.gov)
  • Small valve leaks may be able to be treated with medication, but larger, symptomatic valve leaks may require a minimally invasive transcatheter approach. (uchicagomedicine.org)
  • While pulmonic valvular stenosis is primarily a congenital malformation, it may also occur as part of congenital rubella syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • Through this valve, the blood flows from the right ventricle to the lungs where it picks up oxygen. (homeodoctor.co.in)
  • Transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement is safe, effective, and performed at an increasing number of centers around the world. (structuralheartdisease.org)
  • Novel transcatheter therapies for treating tricuspid regurgitation. (beds.ac.uk)
  • When a surgical aortic valve prosthesis degenerates, the patient- older, perhaps sicker, and no longer a good candidate for surgery - has a valve-in-valve alternative in the form of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). (medscape.com)
  • Such "TAVR in TAVR" indeed can be successful with relative safety, suggests a small registry study of patients with failed transcatheter valves who had been at intermediate to high surgical risk when they underwent their first procedure 3 to 4 years earlier. (medscape.com)
  • Chest X-ray showed a severe cardiomegaly and signs of pulmonary congestion. (scirp.org)
  • Focus interest in the diagnosis and conservative (non-surgical and minimal radiation) management of congenital broncho pulmonary malformations. (stanford.edu)
  • Derived from a bovine jugular vein, the Contegra Conduit has no discontinuity between the lumen of the conduit and the trileaflet venous valve it incorporates. (medtronic.com)
  • In dogs impingement of the left main stem bronchus by a left atrium enlarged by chronic mitral regurgitation contributes to chronic coughing. (vin.com)
  • This can cause some regurgitation of blood into your left atrium. (healthline.com)
  • The mitral valve leads from your left atrium to your left ventricle. (healthline.com)
  • The mitral valve, also called the bicuspid valve, allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle. (cdc.gov)
  • Backflow of blood from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the LEFT ATRIUM due to imperfect closure of the MITRAL VALVE. (bvsalud.org)
  • The left-sided atrioventricular valve, in this case, the tricuspid valve, showed apical displacement of the septal valve suggesting Ebstein's anomaly. (scirp.org)
  • The diseases of greatest importance, because of their prevalence, are mitral regurgitation in dogs (degenerative mitral valve disease), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in cats, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in dogs, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in Boxers and Bulldogs, and heartworm disease. (merckvetmanual.com)
  • Bicuspid aortic valve disease is a congenital disorder in which people are born only two aortic valve leaflets. (uchicagomedicine.org)
  • The pulmonary valve has three leaflets (flaps) which open as the right ventricle contracts (squeezes) to allow blood to go to the lungs and then closes as the ventricle relaxes to prevent blood from running backward (regurgitation). (childrenshospital.org)
  • The mitral valve only has two leaflets (Figure 2). (cdc.gov)
  • Bicuspid aortic valve (having only two leaflets rather than the normal three) happens in about 1% to 2% of the population and is more common among men. (cdc.gov)
  • The most commonly affected valve with a congenital defect is a bicuspid aortic valve, which has only two leaflets rather than three. (cdc.gov)
  • Positioned at the apex but laterally displaced, the mitral area allows healthcare professionals to assess the left ventricle and the mitral valve. (nclexnursing.com)
  • Pulmonary embolism and thrombembolic disease 30. (muni.cz)
  • Prenatal Diagnosis, Associations and Outcome for Fetuses with Congenital Absence of the Pulmonary Valve Syndrome. (beds.ac.uk)
  • A 22-year-old-woman from Ayacucho-Peru came to her local hospital with signs of systemic and pulmonary congestion. (scirp.org)
  • At physical exam, signs of systemic and pulmonary congestion, with painful hepatomegaly, jugular ingurgitation and edema in lower limbs and bi-basal rales were found. (scirp.org)