Regulates somatic cells cell proliferation. Medical search. Frequent questions

Conclusions These findings ascertained an conversation between p53, c-myc, p21, p27, Bcl-2, PI3K/Akt pathway, and CF-induced apoptosis in MSTO-211H and HCT-116 cells, suggesting that CF acts as an important regulator of cell growth in human malignancy cell lines. (bioinf.org)
Many physiological processes, including proper tissue development and homeostasis, require a balance between apoptosis and cell 123653-11-2 manufacture proliferation. (bioinf.org)
Apoptosis (programmed cell death) occurs in a wide variety of physiological NIK settings, where its role is to remove harmful, damaged or unwanted cells. (bioinf.org)
Apoptosis and cell proliferation are linked by cell-cycle regulators and apoptotic stimuli that affect both processes. (bioinf.org)
A failure in regulating proliferation together with suppression of apoptosis are the 123653-11-2 manufacture minimal requirements for a cell to become cancerous [4]. (bioinf.org)
When DNA becomes damaged, p53 helps determine whether the DNA will be repaired or the cell will self-destruct ( undergo apoptosis ). (medlineplus.gov)
As DTC migration and engulfment of apoptotic corpses are analogous processes, both partially regulated by the CED-10 pathway, we investigated defects of apoptosis in ndk-1 mutants. (scite.ai)
Together, these results imply that under certain physiological and pathological conditions, autophagy and apoptosis are co-regulated to ensure the proper morphogenesis and survival of the developing organism. (scite.ai)
Inhibition of IL-7R signaling or JAK3/STAT5 activity resulted in the induction of p27 kip1 expression and cell-cycle arrest, accompanied by apoptosis in the leukemia cells. (elsevierpure.com)
In the leukemia cells, exogenously expressed BLNK inhibited autocrine JAK3/ STAT5 signaling, resulting in p27 kip1 induction, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis. (elsevierpure.com)
A successful therapy must therefore eliminate these cells known to be highly resistant to apoptosis. (hindawi.com)
In this paper, we describe the metabolic changes as well as the mechanisms of resistance to apoptosis occurring in cancer cells and cancer stem cells, underlying the connection between these two processes. (hindawi.com)
STAT3 protein belongs to a group of intracellular transcription factors that mediate a variety of functions such as cellular differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. (biolegend.com)
With aging, the cell stops dividing: it does not respond to growth factors and becomes resistant to apoptosis. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
Then, agomir-20b-5p and antagomir-20b-5p were transfected into MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cells to detect cell migration, wound healing and proliferation, and lentivirus vectors silencing or overexpressing miR-20b-5p were transfected into T47D-CSCs to detect proliferation and apoptosis. (researchsquare.com)
Knockdown of NRAS by siRNA induced apoptosis in mutant Hut78 cells however, not in CTCL cell lines missing RAS mutations. (techblessing.com)
Furthermore, we discovered that MEK inhibitors specifically induce apoptosis in Hut78 cells. (techblessing.com)
Resveratrol could play a toxic role through inducing apoptosis of the cancer cell in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. (mdpi.com)

Enriched expression of genes in LRECb was associated with stem cell attributes and identified WNT, TGF-β, and MAPK pathways of self renewal and proliferation. (frontiersin.org)
When these proteins are turned on (activated) by binding to other molecules, signaling pathways are triggered within cells that promote cell proliferation. (medlineplus.gov)
abl-1/Abl and abi-1/Abi, which function in parallel to both CED-10/CED-1 pathways, also regulate engulfment and DTC migration. (scite.ai)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
To recognize genes in charge of regulating particular signalling pathways and/or tumorigenic properties that donate to poor scientific outcome, we used a previously released Poor Prognosis Personal (PPS) [3] being a conceptual construction to execute integrative proteogenomic analyses of individual HGSOC tumours. (2011globalhealth.org)
Lipids, amino acids, and nucleotides necessary for the biosynthesis of the daughter cells are mostly provided by intermediate metabolites of these pathways. (hindawi.com)
To prevent aberrant cell proliferation, these pathways are tightly regulated. (hindawi.com)
We also molecularly defined the development of Sertoli, Leydig and peritubular myoid cells during the perinatal period, allowing us to identify candidate signaling pathways acting between somatic and germ cells in a stage-specific manner during the perinatal period. (biologists.com)
Glioblastoma stem cells play an important role in tumor formation by activation of several signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
There are two Wnt pathways which determine the cell fate. (biomedcentral.com)
It is relatively well documented that transcription factors and signaling pathways are critically involved in the formation of inner ear structures and in the development of hair cells. (encyclopedia.pub)
A number of direct and indirect radiation interaction pathways can produce damage to the DNA of irradiated cells. (cdc.gov)

whereas LREC in suprabasal epithelial layers are enriched for more committed progenitor cells, expressing some genes that are associated with stem cell attributes along with those indicative of cell differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
Usage of the powerful oncogenes and in the era of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) limitations their translational tool STF 118804 1 2 Presently elimination of the genes during individual iPSC reprogramming needs suppression of p53 activity 2-16 which leads to the deposition of hereditary mutations in the causing iPSCs 8. (healthy-nutrition-plan.com)
Hippocampal glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF-4), Bcl2 and choline acetyl transferase (ChAT) genes expression were assessed. (bvsalud.org)
Cancers occur when genetic mutations build up in critical genes, specifically those that control cell growth and division (proliferation) or the repair of damaged DNA. (medlineplus.gov)
Somatic mutations in many different genes have been found in lung cancer cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Somatic mutations in the TP53 , EGFR , and KRAS genes are common in lung cancers. (medlineplus.gov)
The EGFR and KRAS genes each provide instructions for making a protein that is embedded within the cell membrane. (medlineplus.gov)
RNA sequencing was measured to identify the differential expressed genes due to loss of Sirt6 in somatic and pluripotent cells. (biomedcentral.com)
To better understand the role of nm23 genes in cell migration, we investigated the function of NDK-1, the sole Caenorhabditis elegans homolog of group I NDPKs in distal tip cell (DTC) migration. (scite.ai)
Furthermore, the CES-2-like basic region leucine-zipper (bZip) transcription factor ATF-2, an upstream modulator of the core apoptotic cell death pathway, is able to directly regulate the expression of at least two key autophagy-related genes, bec-1/ATG6 and lgg-1/ATG8. (scite.ai)
We identified 96 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 13 upregulated and 83 downregulated genes, in CCA tissues as regulatory T cells were significantly higher and the proportions of activated natural killer cells and monocytes were significantly lower in CCA tissues than the precancerous tissues. (aging-us.com)
Tcf1, but not Tcf3, is recruited to a palindromic motif enriched in the promoter of cell cycle repressor genes, such as p15Ink4b, p16Ink4a and p19Arf, which mediate the Wnt-dependent anti-proliferative effect in mESCs. (upf.edu)
To construct a prognostic signature composed of DNA repair genes to effectively predict the prognosis of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). (frontiersin.org)
We have learned that genes in mammalian cells are transcribed into messenger RNAs (mRNAs), which are to be translated into polypeptides (proteins). (intechopen.com)
Transcription factors are proteins that regulate the transcription of genes, or the production of mRNA from DNA. (biolegend.com)
The underphosphorylated, active form of Rb interacts directly with E2F1 , leading to cell cycle arrest, while the hyperphosphorylated form decouples from E2F1, thus promoting the transcription of genes promoting entry into the S phase. (biolegend.com)
It was found out that, with the expression of only four genes, Oct3/4, Sox2, c-Myc and Klf4, somatic stem cells could be reprogrammed into the pluripotent-like state. (ysjournal.com)
By taking somatic stem cells and activating specific genes [3], induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were originated, making these theories of regenerative treatments mentioned before a current reality. (ysjournal.com)
Because of their unique expression profile and special functions, miRNAs have been used as molecular markers to define the direction and processes of cell differentiation by regulating one or several target genes. (researchsquare.com)
The total chromosomal content of a cell involves approximately 105 genes in a specialized macromolecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (cdc.gov)
Identification of driver genes and somatic mutations in cell-free DNA of patients with pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis. (cdc.gov)

SummaryAutophagy is a lysosome-mediated self-degradation process of eukaryotic cells that, depending on the cellular milieu, can either promote survival or act as an alternative mechanism of programmed cell death (PCD) in terminally differentiated cells. (scite.ai)
Liu Q , Lan T , Song Y , Cai J , Yu X , Chen W , . Oncostatin M expression and TP53 mutation status regulate tumor-infiltration of immune cells and survival outcomes in cholangiocarcinoma. (aging-us.com)
In this study, we used bioinformatics tools to analyze transcriptome data from cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) patients in multiple datasets (Sun Yat-sen University, TCGA and GSE32225 cohorts) to identify mechanisms that regulate tumor infiltration by immune cells and survival outcomes. (aging-us.com)
The survival outcomes of CCA patients were associated with the TP53 gene mutation status, levels of Oncostatin M (OSM) expression, and the proportions of tumor-infiltrating immune cell types, including dendritic cells, monocytes, and T follicular helper cells. (aging-us.com)
Our study demonstrates that OSM expression and TP53 mutation status regulate the tumor infiltration by immune cells and survival outcomes in CCA. (aging-us.com)
The chemokine receptor CXCR4 is widely expressed in human cancers and regulates cell invasion, proliferation and survival. (cnr.it)
These data indicate that BLNK normally regulates IL-7 - dependent proliferation and survival of pre - B cells through direct inhibition of JAK3. (elsevierpure.com)
We confirmed the prognostic capacity of in multiple self-employed datasets and studies showed the essentiality of this protein in regulating cell proliferation and survival. (2011globalhealth.org)
Rb homeostasis is also essential for self-renewal and survival of human embryonic stem cells 10 . (biolegend.com)
Intercellular mitochondrial transfer can be regarded as an extension of intracellular mitochondrial movement or intercellular communication, which undoubtedly increases the mtDNA content of the recipient cells and restores the respiration and survival of the recipient cells. (biomedcentral.com)
SCID is considered a pediatric emergency because survival depends on expeditious stem cell reconstitution, usually by bone marrow transplantation (BMT). (medscape.com)

Within the human body, stem-cell niches maintain adult stem cells in a quiescent state, but after tissue injury, the surrounding micro-environment actively signals to stem cells to promote either self-renewal or differentiation to form new tissues. (wikipedia.org)
Precursor/progenitor cells from the organ of therapeutic concern typically lack only one critical attribute--the capacity for sustained self-renewal. (nih.gov)
we conditionally induced self-renewal efficiently within neural progenitors solely by introducing v-myc tightly regulated by a tetracycline (Tet)-on gene expression system. (nih.gov)
This strategy of inducing self-renewal might be applied to progenitors from other organs and may prove to be a safe, effective, efficient, and practical method for optimizing insights gained from the ability to reprogram cells. (nih.gov)
we present that inhibition of Notch considerably improves the performance of iPSC era from mouse and individual keratinocytes by suppressing p21 within a p53-unbiased manner and thus enriching for undifferentiated cells with the capacity of long-term self-renewal. (healthy-nutrition-plan.com)
Furthermore, we showed that Sirt6-null iPS-like cell line has intrinsically a differentiation defect even though the establishment of normal self-renewal. (biomedcentral.com)
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs), derived from the blastocyst-stage embryo, are capable of generating all cell types of the mammalian body (pluripotency) and of maintaining the capacity for indefinite self-renewal without compromising their genomic integrity. (biomedcentral.com)
These stem cells have self-renewal capabilities, and stem cells, like the mesenchymal stem cells, can differentiate into various lineages from the mesoderm. (genesispub.org)
It has been reported that BMP promotes the self-renewal of both embryonic and somatic stem cells and that BMP signaling activity significantly decreases with age, thus we posit that BMP induction may improve the function of MDSCs. (pitt.edu)
MiRNAs can also control the self-renewal or proliferation of stem cells [9]. (researchsquare.com)
LIN28 (LIN28A and LIN28B) proteins are highly conserved small cytoplasmic RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that function as pluripotency factors, regulating the transition from self-renewal to a differentiated cell fate [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

In keeping with their suggested mechanisms of actions these chemical substances generally function in mobile intermediates that occur past due in reprogramming catalyzing their last transformation into iPSCs 19 22 It really is presently unclear whether known chemical substances are enough for producing iPSCs from adult individual cells which are consistently more difficult to reprogram than mouse embryonic fibroblasts 23. (healthy-nutrition-plan.com)
CF treatment on leukemia cell lines induces cell death due to apoptotic mechanisms and altering 123653-11-2 manufacture cell metabolism through HIF-1 and GLUT-1 regulation [3]. (bioinf.org)
We are also interested in understanding the mechanisms by which germ cells are specified, and how physiological/environmental signals regulate their proper differentiation. (wisc.edu)
Cell-fate reprograming is at the heart of development, yet very little is known about the molecular mechanisms promoting or inhibiting reprograming in intact organisms. (scite.ai)
Thus, the two cell death mechanisms share a common method of transcriptional regulation. (scite.ai)
Through these mechanisms B cells are involved both in autoimmune diseases that are traditionally viewed as antibody mediated and also in autoimmune diseases that are commonly classified as T cell mediated. (hindawi.com)
However, only limited types of tumor-infiltrating immune cells have been analyzed in CCA tissues and the mechanisms regulating the tumor infiltration of immune cells are poorly understood. (aging-us.com)
Understanding the mechanisms regulating cell cycle, proliferation and potency of pluripotent stem cells guarantees their safe use in the clinic. (upf.edu)
Molecular mechanisms of the initiation of transcription from TATA box have been well known as the most essential nuclear events in mammalian cells. (intechopen.com)
In recent years, molecular mechanisms of cell aging, their connection with oncological diseases and inflammation have been discovered. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
Previous studies have shown that B cell development and activation in GC are controlled by different molecular mechanisms, such as protein phosphorylation, transcription, microRNA, and epigenetic modification. (umontreal.ca)
Obesity accelerates hair thinning by stem cell-centric converging mechanisms , Nature. (ipscell.com)
Mechanisms regulating cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest are of great interest partly because reversing this process could provide a way to stimulate cardiac regeneration after injury [ 17 ]. (springer.com)
Thus, Lin28B functions in hair cell regeneration through mitotic and non-mitotic mechanisms, which are dependent on mitotic division or trans-differentiation of supporting cells into hair cells, respectively. (encyclopedia.pub)

The word 'niche' can be in reference to the in vivo or in vitro stem-cell microenvironment. (wikipedia.org)
We speculated that this could be induced in a regulatable manner such that cells proliferate only in vitro and differentiate in vivo without the need for promoting pluripotence or specifying lineage identity. (nih.gov)
Previous molecular characterizations of mammary stem cells (MaSC) have utilized fluorescence-activated cell sorting or in vitro cultivation of cells from enzymatically dissociated tissue to enrich for MaSC. (frontiersin.org)
Application of genetic engineering in improving many maize genotypes is, however, limited by lack of suitable regeneration systems that result in normal and fertile plants from the in vitro grown transformed cells. (scialert.net)
In vitro, A431 cells harboring CXCR4(G574A) migrated specifically toward CXCL12 and CXCL12 induced ERK phosphorylation. (cnr.it)
In this study, we show that treatment with the 2′,3′-dideoxycytidine (ddC) nucleoside analog inhibited in vitro and in vivo the proliferation of Pol β-transfected B16 melanoma cells, which up-regulate Pol β compared with control isogenic cells. (aspetjournals.org)
This unique duality makes them an attractive system for potential regenerative medicine and cell therapies, but also for differentiation studies in vitro and for modeling diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
In fact, we show here that aged murine MDSCs (MDSCs) exhibit reduced proliferation and multi-lineage differentiation potential with or without BMP4 stimulation in vitro, when compared to young murine MDSCs. (pitt.edu)
These results taken together suggest that BMP4 regulates the cell cycle of aged MDSCs and consequently promotes their osteogenic potential in vitro and in vivo. (pitt.edu)
Repair of mitomycin-C-induced chromosomal aberrations was impaired in RAD51B/Rad51b-c.92delT human and mouse somatic cells in vitro and in explanted mouse bone marrow cells. (nature.com)
BRAFV600E mutation however, not in wild-type BRAF or tumors having a KRAS mutation.12,14,15 Further, dealing with wild-type BRAF tumors with BRAFV600E specific inhibitors induced tumor growth in vitro and in vivo.14 Thus, MEK inhibitors may be appealing in wild-type BRAF cells. (techblessing.com)

Notch ligands are generally transmembrane proteins that require contact between two cells in order to mediate transmission transduction 28. (healthy-nutrition-plan.com)
Two proteins involved intimately in regulating cell proliferation are Akt and the tumor suppressor p53 (p53). (bioinf.org)
Our scientists have developed a wide array of stem cell-focused reagents and resources for many applications including flow cytometry , western blotting , ELISAs , and recombinant proteins for cell differentiation. (biolegend.com)
Recently, several chromatin-related proteins have been shown to regulate ESC pluripotency and/or differentiation, yet the role of the major heterochromatin proteins in pluripotency is unknown. (biomedcentral.com)
Shi D, Cheng X, Saquet A, Grifone R. RNA-Binding Proteins and Inner Ear Hair Cell. (encyclopedia.pub)
RNA-Binding Proteins and Inner Ear Hair Cell" Encyclopedia , https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30958 (accessed December 05, 2023). (encyclopedia.pub)
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. (encyclopedia.pub)
The RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling pathway regulates cell reactions to environmental stimuli and takes on a crucial part in many malignancies.6 Thus, RAF and MEK are attractive therapeutic focuses on.7,8 RAS is a little guanine-nucleotide binding proteins that is mounted on the inner part from the plasma membrane. (techblessing.com)
These ectatic vessels are lined by flat, benign-appearing endothelial cells, similar to the vessels of normal skin, with similar staining characteristics for endothelial antigens, including fibronectin, von Willebrand factor, and collagenous basement membrane proteins. (medscape.com)
Cells depend on their DNA for coding information to make various classes of proteins that include enzymes, certain hormones, transport proteins, and structural proteins that support life. (cdc.gov)
Specialized cell structures called ribosomes are the cellular organelles that actually synthesize the proteins (RNA transcription). (cdc.gov)

They are commonly expressed in pluripotent embryonic stem cells, germ cells, certain committed progenitors, and cancer cells 18 . (atlasantibodies.com)
In contrast to the commonly studied genetic model invertebrates, in which localized determinants specify germ cells in the early embryo, planarians use inductive signals to form their germ cells from the somatic stem cells much later in development. (wisc.edu)
Thus, the functional genomic resources available for studying planarians can be used to examine inductive germ cell specification and the factors required to convert a somatic stem cell into a germ cell. (wisc.edu)
We are currently using unbiased, genome-wide approaches to identify both intrinsic and extrinsic factors required for proper germ cell development. (wisc.edu)
In the C. elegans germline, reprograming germ cells into somatic cells requires chromatin perturbation. (scite.ai)
Embryos and germ cells defective for NDK-1 showed an accumulation of apoptotic cell corpses. (scite.ai)
GFP is expressed in gonadal sheath cells, specialized cells for engulfment and clearence of apoptotic corpses in germ line, which indicates a role for NDK-1 in apoptotic corpse removal. (scite.ai)
We have investigated regulation of the origin licensing factors Cdc6, Cdt1, Mcm2 and Geminin in human somatic and germ cells. (dundee.ac.uk)

Wnt signaling pathway is mediated by Wnt family of 19 secreted glycoproteins (bearing22 or 24 cysteine residues) which are essential for cell proliferation, embryonic development, cell polarity, and tissue homeostasis [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Among all cancerous cells, a few act as stem cells that reproduce and sustain the tumor, much like stem cells normally renew and sustain our organs and tissues. (atlasantibodies.com)
How are newly differentiated cells integrated into functional tissues and organs, during regenerative and homeostatic processes? (wisc.edu)
CCA patients with a higher proportion of neutrophils and T-regulatory cells (Tregs) and lower proportion of CD8 + T cells in the tumor tissues are associated with poor prognosis [ 5 ]. (aging-us.com)
Recent studies demonstrate that somatic mutations in the tumor tissues influence immunotherapeutic response in several cancers [ 6 , 7 ]. (aging-us.com)
Thereby, the activation of the Wnt pathway, a known mitogenic pathway in somatic tissues, restores G1 phase and drastically reduces proliferation of mESCs without perturbing pluripotency. (upf.edu)
pathomechanisms that regulate extravasation of damaging immune cells into surrounding tissues are poorly understood. (nature.com)
Currently, clinical trials are underway of drugs that selectively eliminate old cells in organs and tissues, thereby preventing degenerative changes in organs and cancer. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
In our body, there are renewing tissues in which there is a pool of constantly dividing cells that replace spent or dying cells. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
Stem cells that exist in almost all organs and tissues are able to divide indefinitely. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
Stem cells are present in the myocardium, in the brain (in the hypocampus and in the olfactory bulbs) and in other tissues. (vechnayamolodost.ru)

Canonical Wnt signaling pathway is essential for embryonic development [ 10 ] and non-canonical Wnt pathway regulates cell movement and tissue polarity [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

This is because for regenerative therapies, cell proliferation and differentiation must be controlled in flasks or plates, so that sufficient quantity of the proper cell type are produced prior to being introduced back into the patient for therapy. (wikipedia.org)
this amazing regenerative ability is based upon a population of somatic stem cells maintained in the adult. (wisc.edu)
When stem cells were first discovered in 1961 by the biophysicist James Till and the cellular biologist Ernest McCulloch, the scientific community became quickly enthusiastic about its coming possibilities: with the ability to self-renew and replace damaged tissue in the body, these new-known cells came to be the core of the upcoming field of medical treatment, the regenerative medicine. (ysjournal.com)
Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) promotes the osteogenic potential & the bone regenerative potential of muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs). (pitt.edu)
Interest in ALMS1 is heightened by the recent discovery of its involvement in neonatal cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest, a process with potential relevance to regenerative medicine. (springer.com)
In addition, Lin28B functions to enhance the regenerative competence of maturing supporting cells in the cochlea through cooperation with Follistatin, which inhibits Lin28B-induced TGF-ß signaling that can trigger proliferative quiescence [ 5 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

During embryonic development, various niche factors act on embryonic stem cells to alter gene expression, and induce their proliferation or differentiation for the development of the fetus. (wikipedia.org)
The TP53 gene provides instructions for making a protein, called p53, that is located in the nucleus of cells throughout the body, where it attaches (binds) directly to DNA. (medlineplus.gov)
Because mutations in the CXCR4 gene could regulate its function we sequenced the coding region of the CXCR4 gene in 18 human melanoma and 3 human colon carcinoma cell lines. (cnr.it)
We also analyzed the tumor-infiltrating immune cells, immune-related gene expression, tumor mutation burden, and drug sensitivity of patients with HNSCC in the high- and low-risk groups. (frontiersin.org)
The present invention provides a simple and robust human liver cell-based system in which persistent hepatitis C infection, persistent hepatitis B infection or ethanol exposure induces a clinical Prognostic Liver Signature (PLS) high-risk gene signature. (sumobrain.com)
Gene expression must be appropriately maintained to regulate development, differentiation, and proliferation of cells. (intechopen.com)
The capability of these cells to differentiate depends on the stem cell type, the regulation of gene expression by various transcription factors and interaction with the stem cell niche 1,4 . (biolegend.com)
RUNX1 belongs to the runt domain family of transcription factors and regulates target gene expression through forming a heterodimeric DNA-binding complex with CBFB. (biolegend.com)
RUNX1 regulates CD4 gene transcription during multiple stages of T cell development and represses the CD4 gene in CD4-CD8- (double negative) T cells. (biolegend.com)
We identified both gene and protein markers for three temporally distinct ProSG cell subsets, including a migratory cell population with a transcriptome distinct from the previously defined T1- and T2-ProSG stages. (biologists.com)
MiR-20b-5p had the highest degree in both the miRNA-gene network and miRNA-GO network to regulate BCSCs. (researchsquare.com)
Previous studies have confirmed that miRNAs play an important role in gene regulation in CD44 + CD24 -/low breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). (researchsquare.com)
Chemokine-enhanced chemotaxis of lymphangioleiomyomatosis cells with mutations in the tumor suppressor TSC2 gene. (cdc.gov)
Normalization of Enzyme Expression and Activity Regulating Vitamin A Metabolism Increases RAR-Beta Expression and Reduces Cellular Migration and Proliferation in Diseases Caused by Tuberous Sclerosis Gene Mutations. (cdc.gov)

The DNA replication (or origin) licensing system ensures precise duplication of the genome in each cell cycle and is a powerful regulator of cell proliferation in metazoa. (dundee.ac.uk)

This is surprising, since this pathway is best known for maintaining undifferentiated germline stem cells/ progenitors. (scite.ai)

Though the concept of stem cell niche was prevailing in vertebrates, the first characterization of stem cell niche in vivo was worked out in Drosophila germinal development. (wikipedia.org)

The protein serine/threonine kinase Akt (also known as protein kinase B or PKB) plays an important role in averting cell death. (bioinf.org)
The p53 protein is a transcription factor that normally inhibits cell growth and stimulates cell death in response to myriad stressors, including DNA damage (induced by either UV or chemical agents such as hydrogen peroxide), oxidative stress, and deregulated oncogene expression [6-10]. (bioinf.org)
The protein regulates cell growth and division by monitoring DNA damage. (medlineplus.gov)
The altered protein cannot regulate cell proliferation effectively and allows DNA damage to accumulate in cells. (medlineplus.gov)
It has been reported that Sirtuin 6 (Sirt6), a member of the sirtuin family of NAD + -dependent protein deacetylases, is involved in embryonic stem cell differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
Pre - B-cell leukemia spontaneously develops in BLNK-deficient mice, and pre - B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells in children often lack BLNK protein expression, demonstrating that BLNK functions as a tumor suppressor. (elsevierpure.com)
In addition to its role in glucose metabolism, this pathway also regulates the redirection of free amino acids to protein synthesis via the mTOR-signaling pathway. (hindawi.com)
Rb , or retinoblastoma protein, is a key regulator of the cell cycle, particularly during the transition from the G1 to S phases. (biolegend.com)
Within the brain, the protein is involved in the development of specialized cells that process smell. (biolegend.com)

Large cell carcinoma encompasses non-small cell lung cancers that do not appear to be adenocarcinomas or squamous cell carcinomas. (medlineplus.gov)
For lung cancers, CSC markers include CD44 and CD133 (PROM1), but also CD117 (KIT), CD90 (or THY1), CD166, EpCAM for non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), and PODXL-1, PTCH, and CD87 for small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) 25 . (atlasantibodies.com)
Acute (AML) and chronic (CML) myeloid leukemia are cancers of the myeloid line of blood cells, characterized by the rapid growth of abnormal cells that build up in the bone marrow and blood and interfere with normal blood cell production. (atlasantibodies.com)
Based on these data, Kif18A may serve as a novel therapeutic target for aggressive, chromosomally unstable cancers because of its role in regulating mitotic spindle dynamics to promote successful progression through mitosis. (uvm.edu)

We isolated four categories of cells from mammary epithelium of female calves: bromodeoxyuridine label retaining epithelial cells (LREC) from basal (LRECb) and embedded layers (LRECe), and epithelial control cells from basal and embedded layers. (frontiersin.org)
This dictates cycles of mammary growth, differentiation, lactation, and regression, during which mammary stem cells (MaSC) provide for the lineages of luminal and basal (myoepithelial) epithelial cells in the ducts and alveoli. (frontiersin.org)
During rapid mammary growth in the mouse, label retaining epithelial cells (LREC) appear to retain label by asymmetric distribution of DNA strands, as evidenced by a rapid proliferation index of the LREC ( Smith, 2005 ). (frontiersin.org)
Large cell carcinoma arises from epithelial cells that line the lungs. (medlineplus.gov)
The precise mechanism by which Lin28B and let7 miRNA regulate mTORC1 activity in cochlear epithelial cells awaits further investigation. (encyclopedia.pub)
It also expressed on eosinophils, basophils, endothelial and epithelial cells. (techblessing.com)

Sirt6 was previously reported to regulate many different biological processes like genome stability, glucose metabolism, and tumor suppression [ 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Pax6 serves as a regulator in the coordination and pattern formation required for differentiation and proliferation to successfully take place, ensuring that the processes of neurogenesis and oculogenesis are carried out successfully. (biolegend.com)
In mammals, functional analysis of the individual RAD51 paralogues in cell lines has shown similar but non-redundant contributions in DNA repair processes such as HR efficiency, RAD51 nuclear focus formation, sensitization to mitomycin C (MMC) and protection of perturbed replications forks [ 11 ]. (nature.com)
Lin28A is required for hair cell regeneration in the mammalian cochlea, and may function in redundant processes with Lin28B [ 3 ] [ 5 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
According to research on intercellular mitochondrial transfer in physiological and pathological environments, mitochondrial transfer hold great potential for maintaining body homeostasis and regulating pathological processes. (biomedcentral.com)

Human embryonic stem cells are often grown in fibroblastic growth factor-2 containing, fetal bovine serum supplemented media. (wikipedia.org)
They are grown on a feeder layer of cells, which is believed to be supportive in maintaining the pluripotent characteristics of embryonic stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) present a fast cell cycle with a short G1 phase. (upf.edu)
Pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have the unique ability to differentiate into every cell type and to self-renew. (biomedcentral.com)
Their exploration has allowed the study of cells with similar states of pluripotency as found in embryonic stem cells (ESCs), breaking the ethical barrier that interfered with the study of ESCs, as well as their use in therapies, disease modeling and drug development. (ysjournal.com)
Pluripotent stem cells form part of the blastocyst, more specifically, the embryoblast, in which its cells are called embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and are considered pluripotent because they have various possible fates. (ysjournal.com)

In neonatal murine cochlear organoids and explants, Lin28B antagonizes the activity of let7 miRNA and increases Akt-mTORC1 signaling to promote hair cell regeneration from immature supporting cells by inducing their de-differentiation and proliferation as well as by directly converting them into hair cells [ 3 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
These molecular defects interfere with lymphocyte development and function, blocking the differentiation and proliferation of T cells and, in some types, of B cells and NK cells. (medscape.com)

This is the first report of a spontaneously occurring, functionally active CXCR4 mutation in human cancer cells. (cnr.it)
While the mutation impairs cell growth in vivo, the CXCR4 inhibitor, AMD3100, stimulated the growth of cells harboring CXCR4(G574A). (cnr.it)
HGSOC tumours communicate a relatively homogenous somatic or germline mutation profile and so are seen as a sAJM589 mutations in 90% of tumours aswell as regular and mutations [3]. (2011globalhealth.org)
The NRASQ61K mutation sensitized Hut78 cells toward development inhibition from the MEK inhibitors U0126, AZD6244, and PD0325901. (techblessing.com)

It depends on a stage-wise developmental process that includes B cell activation, antigen processing and presentation to T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, proliferation and somatic hypermutation in GC, selection and eventual differentiation into antibody-secreting plasma cells (PC) or memory B cells. (umontreal.ca)

In rare cases, the genetic change is inherited and is present in all the body's cells (germline mutations). (medlineplus.gov)

In contrast to normal cells, most cancer cells predominantly produce energy by a high rate of glycolysis followed by lactate fermentation, even in the presence of oxygen, a less efficient metabolism compared to a low rate of glycolysis followed by mitochondrial oxidation of pyruvate [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
In contrast, cancer cells shift their metabolism toward lactate production even in the presence of oxygen [ 4 ], partly through genetic modifications that stabilize the transcription factor Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF) involved in the adaptation of the cells to hypoxia, under nonhypoxic conditions as well as generating an adaptive response to the hypoxic microenvironment (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
It turned out that old cells, on the one hand, act as tumor suppressors (since they irreversibly stop dividing themselves and reduce the risk of transformation of surrounding cells), and on the other hand, the specific metabolism of old cells can cause inflammation and degeneration of neighboring precancerous cells into malignant ones. (vechnayamolodost.ru)

These approaches result in the loss of all histological information pertaining to the in vivo locale of MaSC and progenitor cells. (frontiersin.org)
Instead, we used laser microdissection to excise putative progenitor cells and control cells from their in situ locations in cryosections and characterized the molecular properties of these cells. (frontiersin.org)
MaSC/progenitor cells were identified based on their ability to retain bromodeoxyuridine for an extended period. (frontiersin.org)
The Notch signaling pathway is definitely highly conserved and regulates the proliferation and differentiation of many unique progenitor cell and stem cell types 27. (healthy-nutrition-plan.com)
In pores and skin Notch promotes differentiation by directly activating expression which in turn blocks proliferation and induces the differentiation of keratinocyte stem cell populations 29 30 We consequently hypothesized that inhibition STF 118804 of Notch in keratinocytes might enhance iPSC generation by inhibiting differentiation and enriching more easily reprogrammed STF 118804 progenitor cells. (healthy-nutrition-plan.com)
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are generated by a combination of DNA mutations, epigenetic events, and tissue microenvironment factors from normal stem cells or precursor/progenitor cells, to which they are closely related and share many of the behaviors and features 1 . (atlasantibodies.com)
Interestingly, Lin28B inhibits the processing of mature let7 miRNA, which functions to induce cell cycle exit in progenitor cells [ 2 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Studies using a zebrafish model further illustrate an important role of Lin28A in the recovery of progenitor cells. (encyclopedia.pub)

To further understand the epigenetic regulators for specific lineage differentiation from iPS cell would have great significance for potential regeneration therapy and human disease modeling [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
However, whether and how other sirtuins, especially nuclear epigenetic regulator Sirt6, regulate mouse somatic reprogramming still remains exclusive. (biomedcentral.com)

All somatic cells proliferate via a mitotic process determined by progression through the cell cycle. (bioinf.org)
Modal chromosome number has the strongest correlation with cell sensitivity to Kif18A depletion, indicating that Kif18A is heavily involved in the regulation of mitotic progression for cells with chromosomal instability. (uvm.edu)

Importantly, we validated that mediates cell proliferation through dysregulation of cell cycle checkpoints in ovarian malignancy. (2011globalhealth.org)
Wnt deregulation in brain is associated with congenital disorders [ 7 ], whereas it promotes malignancy in somatic cells of neuronal origin [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Somatic mutations that are located in many malignancies, including digestive tract carcinoma, melanoma, or pancreatic malignancy, occur almost specifically in BRAF, KRAS, or NRAS isoforms.9C11 Standard mutations affect glycine 12 (G12), glycine 13 (G13), or glutamine 61 (Q61) and maintain RAS within an turned on form. (techblessing.com)

The take-home from the abstract is that the data, "demonstrate that mammalian stem cells can protect themselves from some RNA viruses by expressing an alternatively spliced isoform of the enzyme Dicer called aviD, which potentiates antiviral RNA interference. (ipscell.com)

Accumulating evidence shows that cancer stem cells are key drivers of tumor formation, progression, and recurrence. (hindawi.com)
In this review, we discuss about the significance of glioblastoma stem cells in cancer progression through Wnt signaling pathway and highlight the clinical targets being potentially considered for therapy in glioblastoma. (biomedcentral.com)
The current review focuses on the importance of Wnt signaling pathway in glioblastoma stem cell progression and explores targeting of Wnt signaling molecules as a potential therapy for glioblastoma. (biomedcentral.com)
Accordingly, Rad51b-c.92delT variant reduced replication fork progression of patient-derived lymphoblastoid cell lines and pluripotent reprogramming efficiency of primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts. (nature.com)
Single cell RNA sequencing of AML initiating cells reveals RNA-based evolution during disease progression , Leukemia. (ipscell.com)

RUNX1-deficient mice fail to generate hematopoietic stem cells. (biolegend.com)

citation needed] By continuous intravital imaging in mice, researchers were able to explore the structure of the stem cell niche and to obtain the fate of individual stem cells (SCs) and their progeny over time in vivo. (wikipedia.org)
Cell proliferation ceased, and differentiation into electrophysiologically active neurons and other CNS cell types in vivo ensued upon transplantation into rats, both during development and after adult injury--with functional improvement and without neoplasia, overgrowth, deformation, emergence of non-neural cell types, phenotypic or genomic instability, or need for immunosuppression. (nih.gov)
As expected, treatment with AMD3100, a specific CXCR4 inhibitor, reduced the in vivo growth of CXCR4(G574A) tumor b(G574A) but surprisingly, increased the growth of CXCR4(G574A) A431 cells. (cnr.it)
Although the goal of Glioblastoma is not only to treat the disease but to cure it, current animal in vivo studies have shown promising therapeutic effects in mesenchymal stem cells, induced neural stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells. (genesispub.org)
The effect of miR-20b-5p on xenograft growth was investigated in vivo by transfection of a lentivirus-overexpression vector into T47D cells. (researchsquare.com)

In pluripotent and differentiated cells HP1β is differentially localized and differentially associated with chromatin. (biomedcentral.com)
The minor fraction of HP1β that is chromatin-bound in ESCs is enriched within exons, unlike the situation in differentiated cells, where it binds heterochromatic satellite repeats and chromocenters. (biomedcentral.com)

We also experienced that keratinocytes were a stylish model for STF 118804 screening our hypothesis because if Notch inhibition did have an effect it could be immediately translated to the production of patient-specific iPSCs 31 32 Here we display that Notch inhibition significantly improves the effectiveness of iPSC generation from mouse and human being keratinocytes by suppressing p21 and therefore enriching undifferentiated cells with increased reprogramming potential. (healthy-nutrition-plan.com)
Increased manifestation levels of p53, p21, and p27, downregulation of c-myc and Bcl-2, and inhibition of Akt activation were also found in CF-treated MSTO-211 and HCT-116 cells. (bioinf.org)
When the phosphorylated form of ddC was electrotransfered into Pol β-transfected melanoma, the cell growth inhibition was strengthened, strongly suggesting that the cytotoxic effect results from incorporation of the chain terminator into DNA. (aspetjournals.org)
Kif18A inhibition reduces the proliferation of multiple TNBC cell types and one CRC cell type. (uvm.edu)
While endogenous Kif18A expression does not seem to indicate cell type specific sensitivity to Kif18A inhibition, the expression levels are higher in cancer cells than in normal somatic cells. (uvm.edu)

Deletion of HP1β, but not HP1α, in ESCs provokes a loss of the morphological and proliferative characteristics of embryonic pluripotent cells, reduces expression of pluripotency factors and causes aberrant differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)

Particularly, by performing transcriptome analysis, we observed that several pluripotent transcriptional factors increase in knockout cell line, which explains the underlying loss of pluripotency in Sirt6-null iPS-like cell line. (biomedcentral.com)
Given that OKSM (Yamanaka) factors convert somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, alterations in transcriptional state could affect destiny of the cells. (intechopen.com)
Accumulating evidence highlights emerging functions of RBPs in the post-transcriptional regulation of inner ear development and hair cell function. (encyclopedia.pub)

Mouse somatic cells can be reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by defined factors known to regulate pluripotency, including Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc. (biomedcentral.com)
Differentiated somatic cells can be reprogrammed into a pluripotent-like state through four defined factors known to regulate pluripotency, including Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

One of them is the replicative aging of cells (senescence), which consists in the irreversible stopping of cell division at the G1 stage of the cell cycle. (vechnayamolodost.ru)

This new understanding of the role of B cells opened up novel therapeutic options for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. (hindawi.com)
and current B-cell-based therapeutic treatments. (hindawi.com)
Chemo-radio therapeutic outcomes are poor in CCA patients because the tumor is highly desmoplastic with fibrogenic connective tissue and immune cells such as T lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages that infiltrate the tumor epithelium [ 4 ]. (aging-us.com)
While research has shown that each stem cell poses its own risk to the disease, their therapeutic effects have also shown encouraging and promising results. (genesispub.org)
This review outlines the research, progress, and potential therapeutic effects different stem cells have on Glioblastoma. (genesispub.org)
This study aimed to review the current progress researchers have made regarding stem cell therapeutic effects for Glioblastoma, how it is applied, and to discover the potential future progress and treatments these stem cells can create. (genesispub.org)

We conclude with a discussion of novel therapies aimed at the selective targeting of pathogenic B cells. (hindawi.com)
E.g in cardiac therapies, the induced pluripotent stem cell line promotes cardiac tissue regeneration and when this one is applied to the organ, it leads to improvements in cardiac function [2]. (ysjournal.com)

Yet the niche may also induce pathologies by imposing aberrant function on stem cells or other targets. (wikipedia.org)

The use of CD133 (PROM1) to identify CSCs in glioma is still in question because tumorigenic cells are equally found in both CD133+ and CD133− cells in some gliomas, while some CD133+ brain tumor cells may not possess tumor-initiating capacity 23 . (atlasantibodies.com)

Abnormal regulation of cell migration and altered rearrangement of cytoskeleton are characteristic of metastatic cells. (scite.ai)
Consistently, ablation of β-catenin or Tcf1 expression impairs Wnt-dependent cell cycle regulation. (upf.edu)
This is due to irregularities in the regulation of cell division and an increased frequency of mutagenesis in actively dividing cells. (vechnayamolodost.ru)

These findings revealed that RUNX1 acts as a tumor suppressor for myeloid leukemia and is crucial for the development and terminal differentiation of several blood cell lineages 2,3 . (biolegend.com)
Gaur et al suggest FLCN acts as a tumor suppressor by negatively regulating rRNA synthesis. (medscape.com)

These results provide new mechanistic insights into the role of RAD51B not only in meiosis but in the maintenance of somatic genome stability. (nature.com)

Non-small cell lung cancer is divided into three main subtypes: adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell lung carcinoma. (medlineplus.gov)
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a type of tumor that originates from the squamous epithelium of the head and neck areas, including the mucous membranes of the lips, tongue, pharynx, larynx, and others ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)

Insights into the biology of stem cells will be gained by confirmation and characterization of candidate MaSC markers identified in this study. (frontiersin.org)
RESEARCH INTERESTS - Research in the Newmark laboratory utilizes the tools of molecular cell biology and functional genomics to address several major biological problems for which planarians serve as excellent models. (wisc.edu)

Stem cells are unique due to their ability to limitlessly self-renew and differentiate into each cell type in the adult body. (biolegend.com)
Transcription factors have an important role in the ability of a cell to self-renew and also differentiate into most cell types, also known as pluripotency 1 . (biolegend.com)
Tissue regeneration occurs due to the proliferation of stem cells, which can not only divide, but also differentiate into cells of the tissue whose regeneration is taking place. (vechnayamolodost.ru)

Curcumin significantly improved blood glucose level, redox status, cellular stress, and decreased INF-Î³ and Bax levels, down-regulated GRP78 and ATF-4 expression, meanwhile, up-regulated Bcl2 and ChAT expression in hippocampus. (bvsalud.org)
This is due to the lack of expression of cell cycle inhibitors, which ultimately determines naïve pluripotency by holding back differentiation. (upf.edu)
Our studies demonstrate that Cdc6, Cdt1 and Mcm2 play a central role in coordinating growth during the proliferation-differentiation switch in somatic self-renewing systems and that Cdc6 expression is rate-limiting for acquisition of replication competence in primary oocytes. (dundee.ac.uk)
Functional studies revealed increased expression of ICAM-1 on induced patient-derived endothelial cells (iECs) and of β2-integrins on patient neutrophils that increase neutrophil adhesion and vascular transendothelial migration (TEM). (nature.com)
We hypothesized that BMP4 might exert beneficial effects through modulation of p16 and p18 expression in transduced MDSCs since the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p16INK4A (p16) and p18INK4C (p18) cause early G1-phase cell cycle blockade. (pitt.edu)
Prolonged expression of Lin28B delays prosensory cell cycle exit and prevents hair cell differentiation, suggesting that it functions to increase hair cell production [ 2 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
The potent endothelial cell mitogen vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and its most active receptor VEGF-R2 expression are significantly increased in capillary malformation skin tissue compared with control skin. (medscape.com)

TP53 mutations are also associated with the infiltration of immune cells into the tumor microenvironment [ 10 - 12 ]. (aging-us.com)

Dorsal phase of DTC migration is regulated by integrin mediated signaling. (scite.ai)
CD9 antigen modulates cell adhesion, migration and platelet activation. (techblessing.com)

Nevertheless, in tumor cells, mutated TCS ERK 11e (VX-11e) (oncogenic) RAS preferentially promotes success and proliferation. (techblessing.com)
Time-lapse videography of living cells captures spectacular intracellular mitochondrial movement, and this movement promotes mitochondrial connections to form a dynamic mitochondrial network [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Oncostatin M (OSM) is a cytokine secreted by differentiated histiocytic lymphoma cells [ 14 ]. (aging-us.com)
In histiocytic proliferations the distribution of BRAF mutations and their relevance has not been clarified. (oncotarget.com)
Genotyping of 69 histiocytic lesions revealed that 23/48 Langerhans cell lesions were BRAF -V600E-mutant whereas all non-Langerhans cell lesions (including dendritic cell sarcoma, juvenile xanthogranuloma, Rosai-Dorfman disease, and granular cell tumor) were wild-type. (oncotarget.com)
In conclusion, BRAF mutations in histiocytic proliferations are restricted to lesions of the Langerhans-cell type. (oncotarget.com)

The role of B cells in autoimmune diseases involves different cellular functions, including the well-established secretion of autoantibodies, autoantigen presentation and ensuing reciprocal interactions with T cells, secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and the generation of ectopic germinal centers. (hindawi.com)

Stem-cell niche refers to a microenvironment, within the specific anatomic location where stem cells are found, which interacts with stem cells to regulate cell fate. (wikipedia.org)
In the field of induced potency and fate reprogramming, it remains unclear what the best starting cell might be and to what extent a cell need be transported back to a more primitive state for translational purposes. (nih.gov)
In normal cells, the fate of pyruvate depends on many factors, one of which is oxygen availability. (hindawi.com)

This bi-compartmental structure of stem cell niche has been mathematically modeled to obtain the optimal architecture that leads to the maximum delay in double-hit mutant production. (wikipedia.org)
Apoptotic cells represent a dynamic stem cell niche governing proliferation and tissue regeneration , Stem Cell Reports. (ipscell.com)

Meiosis is a sexual division that halves the diploid somatic chromosomal complement to a haploid state. (nature.com)
Furthermore, cells with chromosomal instability appear to arrest in mitosis and form multipolar spindles upon Kif18A knockdown. (uvm.edu)

confirmed an apoptotic death for both cell lines. (bioinf.org)
Here, we show in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, that various genetic and pharmacological interventions causing embryonic lethality trigger a massive cell death response that has both autophagic and apoptotic features. (scite.ai)
I hadn't really thought previously of apoptotic cells potentially serve as part of the niche. (ipscell.com)

The stem cells and niche may induce each other during development and reciprocally signal to maintain each other during adulthood. (wikipedia.org)
Moreover they induce the upregulation of activating FcR on effector cells. (hindawi.com)

Lung cancer is a disease in which certain cells in the lungs become abnormal and multiply uncontrollably to form a tumor . (medlineplus.gov)

When the genetic information containing the "blueprint" for these substances is disrupted, cell homeostasis is disrupted, resulting in a wide-range of immediate and/or delayed toxicological effects. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy52

Organisms16

Diseases10

Chemicals and Drugs77

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment38

Phenomena and Processes67

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Apoptosis18

Pathways12

Genes21

Survival11

Self-renewal11

Mechanisms14

Vitro11

Proteins11

Germ8

Essential for cell proliferation1

Tissues10

Pathway regulates cell1

Regenerative6

Gene14

Regulator of cell1

Progenitors1

Worked out in Dros1

PROTEIN9

Cancers4

Epithelial cells6

Processes5

Embryonic stem6

Differentiation and proliferation2

Mutation4

Follicular helper1

Germline1

Metabolism3

Progenitor8

Epigenetic2

Mitotic2

Malignancy3

Abstract1

Progression5

Hematopoietic stem1

Vivo5

Chromatin2

Inhibition5

Pluripotency factors1

Transcriptional3

Klf42

Senescence1

Therapeutic6

Therapies2

Aberrant1

Tumorigenic1

REGULATION3

Tumor suppressor2

Genome1

Squamous cell carc2

Biology2

Differentiate3

Expression7

TP531

Migration2

Promotes2

Histiocytic4

Cellular functions1

Fate3

Stem cell2

Chromosomal2

Apoptotic3

Induce2

Abnormal1

Homeostasis1