• It maintains normal hematopoietic function by interacting with hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to control their proliferation and differentiation ( Morrison and Scadden, 2014 ). (techscience.com)
  • An FGFR1-SPRY2 Signaling Axis Limits Basal Cell Proliferation in the Steady-State Airway Epithelium. (ucsf.edu)
  • We find that AT1 and AT2 cells act as distinct cells of origin and manifest divergent responses to concomitant WNT activation and KRAS(G12D) induction, which accelerates AT2-derived but inhibits AT1-derived adenoma proliferation. (stanford.edu)
  • Augmentation of ERK activity in KRAS(G12D)-induced AT1 cells increases transformation efficiency, proliferation and progression from lepidic to mixed tumour histology. (stanford.edu)
  • Altogether our FACS (fluorescence-activated cell sorter) analyses reveal that the neonatal subventricular zone is far more heterogeneous than previously suspected and our studies provide new insights into the signals and mechanisms that regulate their self-renewal and proliferation. (karger.com)
  • Apoptotic cells represent a dynamic stem cell niche governing proliferation and tissue regeneration , Stem Cell Reports. (ipscell.com)
  • Mesenchymal stromal cells are essential components of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) niches, regulating HSPC proliferation and fates. (gene-tools.com)
  • The upregulation of miR‑145 and miR‑221 was associated with the enhanced proliferation of periosteal cells and chondrogenic potential, respectively. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • A tightly regulated balance of proliferation and cell death of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) is essential for maintenance of gut homeostasis. (uea.ac.uk)
  • Inflammation can regulate SVZ proliferation and indeed the number of phosphohistone H3+ (PHi3+) cells decreased in the SVZ but increased in the CC in both genotypes after cuprizone treatment. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Direct invasion by carcinoma cells of the stromal compartment involves active proteolysis effected principally by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), while degrading the BM and other ECM that lie in the path of invading tumor cells, MMP-expressing cells also liberate growth factors that are sequestered there, thereby fostering cancer cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
  • FGF-10 immunostaining could be related to cell proliferation in epithelium and cell differentiation in epithelium and ectomesenchyme. (bvsalud.org)
  • The pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) may be related to the abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), which could influence the differentiation capacity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) towards adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. (techscience.com)
  • In hematopoietic tissues, a group of ECs are highly specialized and constitute the vascular HSPC niche to support HSPC maturation, expansion, and differentiation. (go.jp)
  • The team visualized endothelial differentiation step-by-step from the endoderm to the HSPC niche-constituting ECs via islet1+ endothelial progenitors by live imaging-based lineage tracing. (go.jp)
  • This study aimed to find out more candidate miRNA-mRNA pairs involved in the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • An MC3T3-E1-based microarray dataset (accessioned as GSE46400) downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus included MC3T3-E1 cells with or without 14-day osteoblast differentiation osteoblast induction. (frontiersin.org)
  • The MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured and incubated in the osteogenic differentiation medium for 14 days. (frontiersin.org)
  • There were 7 overlapped miRNA-mRNA pairs identified during osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, including mmu-miR-204-5p-Arhgap11a, mmu-miR-211-5p-Arhgap11a, mmu-miR-24-3p-H2afx, mmu-miR-3470b-Chek2, mmu-miR-3470b-Dlgap5, mmu-miR-466b-3p-Chek1, and mmu-miR-466c-3p-Chek1. (frontiersin.org)
  • The Arhgap11a, H2afx, Chek2, Dlgap5, and Chek1 were hub genes downregulated in MC3T3-E1 cells after osteogenic differentiation, verified by RT-qPCR results. (frontiersin.org)
  • Our study characterizes miR-211-5p targeting Arhgap11a promotes the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, which provides novel targets to promote the osteogenesis process during bone repair. (frontiersin.org)
  • Our results now suggest that 4-MU treatment of MSC not only affects the formation of SG via increased levels of O-linked glycosylation of cellular proteins but also that MSC cultivated under osteogenic stimulation develop SG, which in turn support MSC differentiation into osteogenic precursor cells. (europa.eu)
  • These architecturally diverse microenvironments serve to balance stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. (ca.gov)
  • Such a stem cell divides to produce like stem cells, some of which enter into a pathway of development and differentiation resulting in an end-phenotype which produces highly specialized molecules and/or functions and then, after a time, expires. (case.edu)
  • Recent advances in live imaging and genetics of mammalian division, movement and cell differentiation leading to development which integrate observations of biochemical tissue formation [14 ]. (lu.se)
  • Temporal multimodal single-cell profiling of native hematopoiesis illuminates altered differentiation trajectories with age. (lu.se)
  • Firstly, we present a robust 2-week protocol for the differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) into forebrain neural progenitor cells. (lu.se)
  • The corneal epithelium is composed of stratified squamous epithelial cells on the outer surface of the eye, which acts as a protective barrier and is critical for clear and stable vision. (wjgnet.com)
  • We have shown that AUF1 induces EMT and stemness in breast epithelial cells via stabilization of the SNAIL1 and TWIST1 mRNAs, and their consequent upregulation. (nature.com)
  • Ectopic expression of AUF1 also promoted stemness in mammary epithelial cells, and thereby increased the proportion of cancer stem cells. (nature.com)
  • These data prompted us to ask whether AUF1 upregulation could promote EMT as well as stemness in mammary epithelial cells. (nature.com)
  • Most human prostate cancers are adenocarcinomas, which originate from the epithelial cells that line the glands and ducts of prostate [ 2 ]. (jcancer.org)
  • Age-Dependent Niche Signals from the Choroid Plexus Regulate Adult Neural Stem Cells. (ucsf.edu)
  • Niches maintain a finite pool of stem cells via restricted space and short-range signals. (lu.se)
  • His lab also studies the molecular signals that regulate lung stem cell activity, and how the signals can be manipulated to restore their activity. (stanford.edu)
  • We focus our attention on lung stem cells and the molecular signals that regulate their activity to repair and regenerate lung tissue after injury. (stanford.edu)
  • They also serve as specialized vascular niches that provide instructive signals to tissue-specific stem cells or parenchymal cells for tissue formation and repair. (go.jp)
  • Stem cells rely on extracellular signals produced by the niche, which dictate their ability to self-renew, expand and differentiate. (karger.com)
  • It is essential to have sensitive and reproducible methods of either quantifying or isolating these stem cells and progenitors to understand their intrinsic properties and how extrinsic signals regulate their development. (karger.com)
  • While the identity of many mediating factors is known, it is largely unknown whether stem cells optimize their receptiveness to niche signals according to the niche organization. (bvsalud.org)
  • Hypoxia leads to the up-regulation of hypoxia-induced transcription factors (HIF)-a and HIF-2a, which are the master regulators of proangiogenic signals, mainly the vascular endothelial cell growth factors (VEGFs). (medscape.com)
  • They also explore specialized niches in which stem cells reside (e.g., in the testis and lung) and how the extracellular cues in those microenvironments regulate stem cell behavior. (cshlpress.com)
  • Surprisingly, chinmo-/- GSCs rely on a new mechanism of competition in which they secrete the extracellular matrix protein Perlecan to selectively evict non-mutant GSCs and then upregulate Perlecan-binding proteins to remain in the altered niche. (lu.se)
  • Sites of loosely packed extracellular matrix (ECM) also offer stem and progenitor cell optimal space to proliferate and differentiate. (europa.eu)
  • We therefore speculate that PLL12 may act as a regulator to locally remove homogalacturonan, thus potentially enabling further extracellular enzymes to access and modify the cell wall during sieve pore maturation. (bvsalud.org)
  • The metastatic process involves sequential steps, including invasion through the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) and stromal cell layers, intravasation into the lumina of blood vessels, and survival in the circulation. (medscape.com)
  • One of the most basic features is cell invasion and movement through the extracellular matrix. (medscape.com)
  • However, Dad-lacZ expression within the germline is present only in GSCs and to a lower level in CBs, suggesting there are mechanisms that actively restrict Dpp signaling in germ cells. (biologists.com)
  • The mechanisms by which niche molecules and intrinsic factors regulate muscle stem cell quiescence and properties remain largely unknown. (kcl.ac.uk)
  • Blencowe's research team studies the mechanisms by which genes are regulated and coordinated to provide critical functions in mammalian cells. (unibas.ch)
  • His laboratory investigates the molecular mechanisms that cause cancer and those that determine the response of malignant tumour cells to diverse anti-cancer agents. (unibas.ch)
  • Stem cells compete for limited niche resources, but the mechanisms regulating competition are poorly understood. (lu.se)
  • Obesity accelerates hair thinning by stem cell-centric converging mechanisms , Nature. (ipscell.com)
  • The model will be useful for understanding the mechanisms by which the prostatic stem cell niche controls the tumorigeneis of prostatic cancer stem cells. (jcancer.org)
  • While this paper is more focused on mechanisms, the area of wound healing is one of the most promising in the cell therapy space. (ipscell.com)
  • The striking evolutive conservation of snoRNP functions, coupled with a highly divergent mechanism of telomere lenghthening, makes Drosophila a suitable system in which to assess the mechanisms by which pseudouridine synthases regulate stemness maintenance. (unina.it)
  • Since Drosophila midgut has recently emerged as an ideal model for the study of the molecular mechanisms underlying somatic stem cell maintenance, it provides an useful system to evaluate the effects caused by loss of function of genes involved in this process. (unina.it)
  • of the most critical events which lead to tissue patterning involves mechanisms going beyond single cells. (lu.se)
  • We show that human and chimpanzee cells differentiate in a similar man¬ner and that the difference in interspecies protein abundance is higher than transcript-level differences, suggesting that post-transcriptional mechanisms play a role in the difference between human and chim¬panzee brain development. (lu.se)
  • Dr. Kronenberg has made a series of fundamental observations of importance to the understanding of how several peptides regulate the formation and remodeling of bone. (wikipedia.org)
  • These include the cloning of a cDNA for parathyroid hormone, the identification of a role for parathyroid hormone-related protein in endochondral ossification through Indian hedgehog (IHH) activation, and studies that identified a role for parathyroid hormone in the regulation of the bone marrow stem cell niche. (wikipedia.org)
  • The bone marrow microenvironment (BMME) is a complex network system primarily comprising stromal cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), osteoprogenitor cells, vascular endothelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, and cytokines. (techscience.com)
  • The bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) population, which makes up a large part of the hematopoietic microenvironment, encompasses a variety of adherent cell types. (techscience.com)
  • Osteoblast mainly originates from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and it is involved in bone formation, remodeling, and reconstruction via the formation of a bone matrix and regulation of bone resorption ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • It regulates Sp7 protein expression and induces expression of major bone matrix protein genes, such as Col1a1, Spp1, Ibsp, Bglap2, and Fn1 ( 7 , 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • This special type of stem cell is present in many tissues and restores bone, connective tissues and fat. (europa.eu)
  • In the bone marrow MSC share the niche with haematopoietic stem cells (HSC). (europa.eu)
  • In total, 1-10% of nucleated cells in adipose tissue are ADSCs, whereas only 0.0001-0.01% of nucleated cells in bone marrow are stem cells ( 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The MSC gives rise to bone-forming cells, cartilage-forming cells and cells of tendon, ligament fat, and dermis, as well as various connective tissues including the stroma of marrow. (case.edu)
  • Following isolation and by mitotically expanding their numbers in culture, we can drive these cells down specific and different developmental pathways with emphasis on cartilage and bone. (case.edu)
  • Aberrantly expressed cytokines in the bone marrow (BM) niche are increasingly recognized as critical mediators of survival and expansion of leukemic stem cells. (haematologica.org)
  • 2 1 There is growing evidence to suggest that primitive CML cells affect the bone marrow (BM) niche, contributing to deregulated cytokine levels. (haematologica.org)
  • Although tumor-associated angiogenesis has traditionally been defined as the sprouting of new vessels from preexisting vessels, it is becoming clear that the blood vessels that support tumor growth can also originate from cells recruited from the bone marrow or can even differentiate from tumor stem cells (vascular mimicry). (medscape.com)
  • This volume is therefore an indispensable reference for molecular, cell, and developmental biologists, as well as anyone wishing to explore the possibilities of stem cells in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. (cshlpress.com)
  • We hypothesized that Wnt activation in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) is required for pulmonary angiogenesis, and its loss contributes to PAH.METHODS: Lung tissue and PMVECs from healthy and PAH patients were screened for Wnt production. (stanford.edu)
  • Our experimental approaches involve mouse genetics, single cell genomics, organoid culture, lung slice culture, and we perform histological analysis of lung tissue using advanced fluorescence microscopy technologies. (stanford.edu)
  • When these islet1 -lineage ECs were specifically ablated, most of the HSPCs were lost from the caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT), a transient vascular niche for HSPCs in zebrafish (Figure 1B). (go.jp)
  • islet1 + -derived ECs (green) are mainly located in the caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT), a transient vascular niche for HSPCs. (go.jp)
  • The levels of catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) were measured in PC12 cells and Drosophila brain tissue. (sdbonline.org)
  • GSOs also mitigated the deleterious effects of GLU on the mitochondrial membrane potential and Cyt C release, thus alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased GSH levels and CAT activity in both cells and Drosophila brain tissue. (sdbonline.org)
  • Using a systematic tissue-wide approach, this work provides a comprehensive platform, linked to an interactive online database, to identify and further explore the SC/TAC/niche crosstalk regulating HF growth. (nih.gov)
  • In zebrafish, we previously found that the stromal cells of the caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT), a niche functionally homologous to the mammalian fetal liver, arise from the ventral part of caudal somites. (gene-tools.com)
  • Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have been characterized as having the ability to self-renew and differentiate into different connective tissue cells, including osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes and myocytes, under specific inductive stimuli ( 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Within the body, cells of the skin, gut, and blood, among others come to maturation, function for a time and then expire to be replaced by a continuous stream of cells which renew the tissue. (case.edu)
  • In every tissue in which this rejuvenation process occurs, a source exists which gives rise to these differentiated cells. (case.edu)
  • In summary, Survivin is a key regulator of gut tissue integrity by regulating epithelial homeostasis in the stem cell niche. (uea.ac.uk)
  • On the other hand, AUF1 downregulation with specific siRNA inhibited EMT and reduced the stemness features in breast cancer cells. (nature.com)
  • The Cancer Stem Cell Niche: How Essential Is the Niche in Regulating Stemness of Tumor Cells? (koolearn.com)
  • In Drosophila with depleted RACK1 in all muscle cells or, specifically, in SC lineage resulted in a delayed recovery of skeletal muscle after physical damage as well as the low presence of active SC in the wound area. (sdbonline.org)
  • Stem cells are the progenitors of specialized cell types in the body and have the ability to self-renew. (cshlpress.com)
  • They found that islet1 -expressing cells are the progenitors of the venous ECs that constitute the majority of the HSPC niche (Figure 1A). (go.jp)
  • The present results clearly demonstrate that ECs originating from the endoderm via islet1 + endothelial progenitors play a specialized role in forming a functional vascular HSPC niche (Figure 1C). (go.jp)
  • However, stem cells are difficult to distinguish from multipotential progenitors, which may look and act like them. (karger.com)
  • Here we define a 4-color flow cytometry panel using CD133, LeX, CD140a, NG2 to define a neural stem cell (NSC) as well as 4 classes of multipotential progenitors and 3 classes of bipotential progenitors, several of which have not been described previously. (karger.com)
  • Dermal papilla (DP) cells are required for SC activation during the adult hair cycle, but signal exchange between niche and SC precursors/transit-amplifying cell (TAC) progenitors that regulates HF morphogenetic growth is largely unknown. (nih.gov)
  • We have now found that this ventral domain is the sclerotome, and that two markers of mammalian mesenchymal stem/stromal cells, Alcam and Pdgfr-α, are distinctively expressed there and instrumental for the emergence and migration of stromal cell progenitors, which in turn conditions the proper assembly of the vascular component of the CHT niche. (gene-tools.com)
  • The take-home from the abstract is that the data, "demonstrate that mammalian stem cells can protect themselves from some RNA viruses by expressing an alternatively spliced isoform of the enzyme Dicer called aviD, which potentiates antiviral RNA interference. (ipscell.com)
  • The available experimental data support the hypothesis that the cap cells(CpCs) at the anterior tip of the germarium form an environmental niche for germline stem cells (GSCs) of the Drosophila ovary. (biologists.com)
  • Using the Drosophila testis model, we show that germline stem cells (GSCs) lacking the transcription factor Chinmo gain a competitive advantage for niche access. (lu.se)
  • The contributors describe how the first cell lineages arise in the mammalian embryo, stem cell dynamics during the development and homeostasis of specific tissues (e.g., epithelia and brain), and what happens when stem cell integrity is compromised (e.g., by DNA mutations). (cshlpress.com)
  • Mammalian parental imprinting represents an exquisite form of epigenetic control regulating the parent-specific monoallelic expression of genes in clusters. (nature.com)
  • The paper of the week is An isoform of Dicer protects mammalian stem cells against multiple RNA viruses published in Science . (ipscell.com)
  • Decapentaplegic (Dpp), a BMP2/4 homologue, has been postulated to act as a highly localized niche signal that maintains a GSC fate solely by repressing bam transcription. (biologists.com)
  • In a series of studies, we investigated Notch as a key mediator of muscle stem cell stability and fate. (kcl.ac.uk)
  • In addition, it is still unclear when and how the fate of HSPC niche-constituting ECs is determined. (go.jp)
  • Within each of these microenvironments, a myriad of chemical and physical stimuli interact in a complex (synergistic or antagonistic) manner to tightly regulate stem cell fate. (ca.gov)
  • To that end, novel engineering and systems biology approaches have allowed for the investigation of the biological and mechanical stimuli that govern stem cell fate. (ca.gov)
  • Moreover, the use of these engineering approaches to construct in vitro stem cell microenvironments that precisely control stem cell fate and function will be reviewed. (ca.gov)
  • Given their plasticity and regenerative abilities, stem cells provide opportunities for treating human diseases such as diabetes. (cshlpress.com)
  • The in vitro replication of these in vivo microenvironments will be necessary for the application of stem cells for disease modeling, drug discovery, and regenerative medicine purposes. (ca.gov)
  • Anna Rydström will defend her Ph.D. thesis "Hematopoietic stem cell dynamics during regenerative stress' on Thursday, January 18th at 09:00 in Belfragesalen, BMC D15. (lu.se)
  • Anna's scientific curiosity has led her to explore the regenerative dynamics of hematopoietic stem cells, also known as blood stem cells. (lu.se)
  • Her primary focus has been to understand the genes involved in the regenerative process, and she has made significant strides in this area, discovering a new marker that can be used to identify activated stem cells. (lu.se)
  • This new marker can be used to specifically identify functionally potent hematopoietic stem cells during the regenerative process. (lu.se)
  • Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology examines recent progress in our understanding of stem cell biology and how the properties of stem cells can be manipulated for therapeutic purposes, emphasizing the roles that cutting-edge technologies and interdisciplinary approaches have played in this work. (cshlpress.com)
  • My lab also studies the role of TERT in lung stem cell biology and repair of acute lung injury, which is a culprit gene mutation in IPF. (stanford.edu)
  • Cold Spring Harbor, NY -- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (CSHLP) announced the release of The Digital Cell: Cell Biology as a Data Science, available on its website in hardcover format. (cshlpress.com)
  • These observations underscore the relevance of stem-like CD8+ TILs for effective response to ICB and the need to better understand how TCF-1 and additional factors regulate their biology. (hhs.gov)
  • Wnt7a expression correlated with formation of tip cells, a migratory endothelial phenotype critical for angiogenesis. (stanford.edu)
  • Researchers identify the origin of endothelial cells that constitute the vascular niche for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in zebrafish. (go.jp)
  • Endothelial cells (ECs) line blood vessels and can serve as specialized vascular niches for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), a special environment where HSPCs reside and self-renew. (go.jp)
  • MSC reside in a quiescent state at a special site referred to as the stem cell niche. (europa.eu)
  • Stem cells reside in niches where crosstalk between stem cells and other cells in the niche regulates not only their maintenance and function but also the function of niche cells. (hhs.gov)
  • Within the adult organism, stem cell reside in defined anatomical microenvironnments called niches. (ca.gov)
  • Cancer stem cell niches can support stem cell growth as distinct regions within the tumor microenvironment. (eurekalert.org)
  • However, traditional reductionist approaches have only led to the generation of cell culture methods that poorly recapitulate the in vivo microenvironment. (ca.gov)
  • These steps are supported by functions of the cancer cells themselves or of the tumor microenvironment. (medscape.com)
  • Constructing stem cell microenvironments using bioengineering approaches. (ca.gov)
  • In this review, the application of these technologies for the dissection of stem cell microenvironments will be analyzed. (ca.gov)
  • Finally, the emerging trend of using high-throughput, combinatorial methods for the stepwise engineering of stem cell microenvironments will be explored. (ca.gov)
  • thus, a successful metastatic colony depends on the ability of cancer cells to appropriate distinct microenvironments at each step in the metastatic cascade: the primary tumor, systemic circulation, and the final metastatic destination. (medscape.com)
  • PageMan analysis revealed several significantly enriched categories altered by MeJA+NaCl treatment, compared with NaCl treatment alone, including genes involved in secondary metabolism, glutathione-based redox regulation, cell cycle, transcription factors (TFs), and other signal transductions (such as calcium and ROS). (frontiersin.org)
  • Our overarching goal is to understand the cell-autonomous regulation of stem-like CD8+ TILs, their crosstalk with other cells in the TME, and how together they govern the activation of proficient anti- tumor CD8+ T cell responses and ICB efficacy. (hhs.gov)
  • More so, our results show that the epigenetic regulation of TE transcription is dynamically regulated throughout life (Paper II), upon the beginning of neuroinflammation (Paper III), and in a disease-driving polymorphic TE insertion (Paper IV). (lu.se)
  • BACKGROUND: Cuprizone leads to demyelination of the corpus callosum (CC) and activates progenitor cells in the adjacent subventricular zone (SVZ), a stem cell niche which contributes to remyelination. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Our work further reveals that irrespective of a given cancer's current molecular profile and driver oncogene, the cell of origin exerts a pervasive and perduring influence on its subsequent behaviour. (stanford.edu)
  • Filtering, alignment to the mm10 database and unique molecular identifier (UMI)-collapsing were performed using the Cell Ranger (v2) pipeline with default mapping arguments (10′ Genomics). (biosino.org)
  • My lab is focused on understanding the causes of and working towards specific molecular and cell-based treatments for lung diseases like cancer, pulmonary fibrosis, COPD. (stanford.edu)
  • This process is marked by a complex and coordinated set of molecular changes leading to the motile behavior of the invading cancer cells, which involves dynamic cytoskeletal changes, cell-matrix interactions, localized proteolysis, actin-myosin contractions, and focal contact disassembly. (medscape.com)
  • 2) Test the role of novel candidate regulators of stem- and effector-like CD8+ TILs, and 3) Characterize the crosstalk between stem-like CD8+ TILs and the TME. (hhs.gov)
  • The anatomy of the germarium of the Drosophila ovariole is consistent with the existence of a niche that maintains the GSCs( Fig. 1A ). (biologists.com)
  • This study aims to understand the function and mechanism of Drosophila Glycine N-acyltransferase (GLYAT) in cell invasion. (sdbonline.org)
  • I thus used the GAL4/UAS system to silence in vivo Nop60b/mfl, the Drosophila ortholog of DKC1, and investigate in detail the effects triggered by gene silencing on the formation of larval Adult Midgut Precursor (AMPs) cells. (unina.it)
  • A stem cell is an undifferentiated cell that can undergo an asymmetric self-renewal division to produce one descendant like itself and one descendant whose progeny ultimately differentiate into a defined cell type( Fuchs and Segre, 2000 ). (biologists.com)
  • HSPCs are multipotent cells that can self-renew and differentiate to give rise to all blood cell lineages. (go.jp)
  • But when the cold lasts, this becomes a nice mechanism for the stem cells to know it's maybe time to regenerate new hair coat," says Dr. Yulia Shwartz, a postdoctoral researcher in the Hsu lab who is first author of the study. (nih.gov)
  • In the normal intestine, most differentiated cells, such as those that produce mucus or intestinal hormones or transfer foodstuffs to the body, regenerate from stem cells according to a complex genetic program in less than a week. (eurekalert.org)
  • Dr. Desai conducts basic and translational research on lung stem cells that repair and regenerate the lung after injury, and their role in diseases like IPF, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), and lung adenocarcinoma. (stanford.edu)
  • It is because of these stem cells and their capacity to regenerate and rebuild the entire hematopoietic (blood) system that makes transplantation a promising therapy. (lu.se)
  • Unlike its relative genes, the Lef1 gene is not expressed in healthy intestinal stem cell crypts but is activated in the precursor cells that develop into intestinal cancer. (eurekalert.org)
  • Meanwhile, "old" intestinal cells are eliminated in the feces. (eurekalert.org)
  • Here, we show that Lgr5+ small intestinal stem cells (ISCs) regulate the morphology and orientation of their secretory apparatus to match the niche architecture, and to increase transport efficiency of niche signal receptors. (bvsalud.org)
  • Notably, we found that Notch/RBPJ-bound regulatory elements are located adjacent to specific collagen genes in adult muscle stem cells, and investigated how extrinsic cues assure stem cell quiescence. (kcl.ac.uk)
  • A particular stem cell type in the adult human-being is the 'Mesenchymal stem cell' (MSC). (europa.eu)
  • Furthermore, GSOs protected cells against GLU-induced apoptosis by reducing the expression of the mitochondrial apoptosis-associated Bcl-2 family effector proteins and protected cells from GLU-induced oxidative damage by increasing the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and HO-1 expression. (sdbonline.org)
  • Another approach is recombinant oncolytic viruses that can replicate specifically in tumor cells and induce toxic effects leading to cell lysis and apoptosis. (mdpi.com)
  • Moreover, Survivin-deficient animals showed induced phosphorylation of p53 and H2AX and increased levels of cell-intrinsic apoptosis in IECs. (uea.ac.uk)
  • Cancer is a complex disease in which many basic processes, such as cell division, apoptosis, and cell migration are dysregulated. (medscape.com)
  • The team identified an unexpected origin for the vascular HSPC niche. (go.jp)
  • Most clinical trials which utilize ADSCs for OA treatment have been based on the autologous cells from the stromal vascular fraction, as have most of the in vivo studies ( 6 , 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • A quiescent cell population replenishes mesenchymal stem cells to drive accelerated growth in mouse incisors. (kcl.ac.uk)
  • The emphasis of our studies is to develop and refine the technology necessary to isolate one of these rare stem cells, the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC). (case.edu)
  • Memory of Inflammation in Regulatory T cells. (ucsf.edu)
  • In the present study, the potential of using exosomes isolated from adipose‑derived stem cells (ADSCs) as a therapeutic tool for reducing chronic inflammation and promoting chondrogenesis was investigated using patient‑derived primary cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The healthy SVZ contains semi-activated microglia and constitutively expresses the pro-inflammatory molecule galectin-3 (Gal-3) suggesting the niche uniquely regulates inflammation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Cuprizone increased the density of CD45+/Iba1+ microglial cells and also increased Gal-3 expression in the CC. Surprisingly, the number of Gal-3+ and CD45+ cells decreased in the SVZ after cuprizone, suggesting inflammation was selectively reduced therein. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In contrast to the above model, we find that an enhancer trap inserted near the Dpp target gene, Daughters against Dpp ( Dad ), is expressed in additional somatic cells within the germarium,suggesting that Dpp protein may be distributed throughout the anterior germarium. (biologists.com)
  • Moreover, in females doubly mutant for bam and the ubiquitin protein ligase Smurf , the number of germ cells responsive to Dpp is greatly increased relative to the number observed in either single mutant. (biologists.com)
  • Measuring protein phosphorylation and expression in glioblastoma cells across 40 signaling pathway nodes in response to different drugs and for different oxygen tensions revealed that SHP2 antagonism has network-level, context-dependent signaling consequences that affect cell phenotypes (e.g., cell death) in unanticipated ways. (aacrjournals.org)
  • O-linked glycosylation is known to be a key player in controlling protein translation via regulating the formation of mRNA containing compartments termed stress granules (SG). (europa.eu)
  • Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm caused by an acquired 9;22-chromosomal translocation in a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) resulting in the expression of the BCR-ABL1 fusion protein. (haematologica.org)
  • 1 The BCR-ABL1 fusion protein is a constitutively active tyrosine kinase and triggers a cascade of aberrant downstream signaling pathways leading to clonal outgrowth of CML cells and subsequent disease manifestation. (haematologica.org)
  • This means that the mutant cells remain locked to further growth, making them vulnerable to mutations in other genes needed for their development and growth into a malignant cancer. (eurekalert.org)
  • Many cancers originate from stem or progenitor cells hijacked by somatic mutations that drive replication, exemplified by adenomatous transformation of pulmonary alveolar epithelial type II (AT2) cells1. (stanford.edu)
  • Loss of function mutations of human DKC1 gene cause Dyskeratosis Congenita X-linked (X-DC), a multisystemic syndrome accompanied by telomerase defects, premature aging, increased cancer susceptibility and stem cell dysfunction. (unina.it)
  • Ident- cult to deduce interaction rules from observations of the ified transcription factors for specific cell fates are, for entire system. (lu.se)
  • Our results suggest that the influence of GSC competition may extend beyond individual stem cell niche dynamics to population-level allelic drift and evolution. (lu.se)
  • In addition, we identified a microRNA pathway that is modulated by Notch, and that is required for stabilizing muscle stem cells in their niche by regulating the migration capacity of the muscle stem cell. (kcl.ac.uk)
  • Firstly, loss of dGLYAT suppressed scrib depletion- or Egr overexpression-induced JNK pathway activation and invasive cell migration. (sdbonline.org)
  • 3 In CML, several pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, 5 4 IL-1β, 6 and TNF-α, 4 have been shown to be up-regulated in patient serum. (haematologica.org)
  • A pro-inflammatory environment is thought to provide a selective advantage for the leukemic stem cells (LSC). (haematologica.org)
  • CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals a uniquely regulated inflammatory response in the SVZ and shows that Gal-3 participates in remyelination in the cuprizone model. (ox.ac.uk)
  • They show that the Lef1 gene suppresses the development and growth of colorectal cancer by restricting the formation of cancer stem cell niches. (eurekalert.org)
  • It was assumed that Lef1 functions like its relative, the Tcf4 gene, by increasing cell growth in healthy intestine and benign polyps and adenomas", says Academician Kari Alitalo , University of Helsinki, the corresponding author of the study. (eurekalert.org)
  • Researchers also found that the human Lef1 gene is not active in so-called serrated cancers of the large intestine, referring to the serrated pattern on the surface of the tumor formed by proliferating stem cell crypts. (eurekalert.org)
  • The function of the Lef1 gene in the body is to regulate the activity of hierarchically downstream genes. (eurekalert.org)
  • This genetic program is disrupted when DNA damage activates a cancer gene or inactivates a gene that restricts cell growth. (eurekalert.org)
  • He participates in research involving gene correction of CFTR in lung stem cells from patients with Cystic fibrosis followed by autologous stem cell transplantation to provide lifelong restoration of physiological activity. (stanford.edu)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are well-recognized for their abilities to regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally in plants and animals. (frontiersin.org)
  • Cells Tissues Organs (2011) 193 (4): 239-252. (karger.com)
  • To circumvent these obstacles, we have developed two methods for the investigation of human neural cells in culture. (lu.se)
  • It is amongst these genes that future research may find new treatment targets for blocking of cancer stem cell niches. (eurekalert.org)
  • Cancer stem cell-targeted therapies play a key role in the treatment of cancer because other, more differentiated cells in the tumors have a relatively short lifespan even without treatment. (eurekalert.org)
  • Since epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the acquisition of cancer stem cell traits are important for cancer onset and progression, we sought to determine the role of AUF1 in these two important processes. (nature.com)
  • Imprints entail the maintenance of germline-derived differential epigenetic marks, mostly in the form of DNA methylation, through to the somatic cells of the offspring. (nature.com)
  • These islet1 -expressing cells surprisingly originate not from the mesoderm, the germ layer classically defined to give rise to ECs, but from the endoderm. (go.jp)
  • Camp's research focuses on using single-cell genomic and imaging technologies, together with stem-cell-derived organoids, to understand human development, disease, and evolution. (unibas.ch)
  • Many chapters illustrate how single-cell profiling, stem-cell-derived organoids, intravital microscopy, lineage tracing, quantitative modeling, and other modern approaches have offered important insights. (cshlpress.com)