Regulate genes plant. Medical search. Frequent questions

Here, we found that the MNB1 (mannose-binding-lectin 1) gene is involved in the regulation of Fe-deficiency stress response in Arabidopsis thaliana . (biomedcentral.com)
Together, our findings show that the MNB1 gene negatively controls the Fe-deficiency response in Arabidopsis via modulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the ROS-mediated signaling pathway, thereby affecting the expression of Fe uptake- and translocation-related genes. (biomedcentral.com)
ScLFY failed to complement the Arabidopsis lfy mutant reflecting the substantial divergence of this gene. (worc.ac.uk)
In flowering plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana , the transition from the sporophytic phase to the gametophytic phase consists of two sequential processes, sporogenesis and gametogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
RGA (repressor of ga1-3) and GAI (gibberellin insensitive) are negative regulators of plant hormone gibberellin (GA) signaling in Arabidopsis. (nih.gov)
The EnCoDe project used the model plant Arabidopsis to elucidate how this process is regulated and to understand its significance in natural populations. (europa.eu)
In search of the genes that enable sphagnum moss to tolerate rising temperatures, ORNL scientists start by comparing its DNA sequences to the model organism Arabidopsis, a thoroughly investigated plant species in the mustard family. (eurekalert.org)
Even for plants more closely related to Arabidopsis, we don't have a lot of empirical evidence for how these proteins behave. (eurekalert.org)
Research conducted by three independent groups and reported in The Plant Cell shows that fundamental developmental processes controlled by the plant hormone auxin are regulated by microRNAs in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. (sciencedaily.com)
Dr. Bonnie Bartel at Rice University in Houston, TX together with Drs. David Bartel and Allison Mallory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research in Cambridge, MA report experiments using transgenic Arabidopsis plants that produce a version of ARF17 mRNA that resists microRNA-mediated cleavage. (sciencedaily.com)
Arabidopsis ago1 mutants lacking the AGO1 protein have numerous severe developmental defects, supporting the notion that regulation by microRNAs is critical for normal plant growth. (sciencedaily.com)
Auxin is known to be a major regulator of adventitious root formation and normal Arabidopsis plants form multiple adventitious roots on the hypocotyl (stem just above the root) when treated with auxin but the ago1 mutants do not. (sciencedaily.com)
Expression pattern and putative function of EXL1 and homologous genes in Arabidopsis. (mpg.de)
The effects of different fluorescent pseudomonads, including some known biocontrol agents of other plant pathogens, on fungal growth of the haploid Verticillium dahliae and/or the amphidiploid Verticillium longisporum were compared on pectin-rich medium, in microfluidic interaction channels, allowing visualization of single hyphae, or on Arabidopsis thaliana roots. (frontiersin.org)
Dou H, Xv K, Meng Q, Li G, Yang X (2015) Potato plants ectopically expressing Arabidopsis thaliana CBF3 exhibit enhanced tolerance to high-temperature stress. (springer.com)
Here, we characterize the dynamic relationship of chromatin accessibility, gene expression and DNA-binding of two MADS-domain proteins during Arabidopsis flower development. (nih.gov)

MADS-domain proteins are important transcription factors involved in several biological processes of plants. (isaaa.org)
Recent research has revealed that carbohydrate-binding proteins, also known as agglutinins or lectins, are found in a wide range of plant species and have an important biological function in pathogen defense responses [ 23 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Light effects on the expression of nuclear genes for plastid proteins and for the 18S, 5.8S and 25S ribosomal RNAs are discussed, together with some recent information concerning the expression of chloroplast genes in developing plastids. (ncsu.edu)
2001). Polycomb group (PcG) proteins and trithorax groups (TrxG) proteins act as key regulators of gene expression through histone lysine methylation. (wikipedia.org)
PcG proteins repress target genes via Histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3), whereas TrxG proteins activate gene expression via histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) (Kleinmanns et al. (wikipedia.org)
2014). Long non-coding RNA can associate with DNA in tandem with proteins to alter the rate of gene expression. (wikipedia.org)
RGA and GAI belong to the DELLA subfamily within the GRAS family of plant regulatory proteins. (nih.gov)
GRFs are a large gene family with highly conserved proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Being able to see the structures of proteins adds another layer that can help scientists home in on the most promising gene candidates for experiments. (eurekalert.org)
TMAO appears to both stabilize other plant proteins and influence the expression of stress-response genes, researchers report. (the-scientist.com)
Research reported in The Plant Cell shows that microRNAs control the accumulation of transcription factor proteins that regulate the expression of genes in the auxin response pathway. (sciencedaily.com)
Messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules are encoded by genes and are themselves templates for the proteins that carry the main metabolic functions in a cell. (sciencedaily.com)
There are many AGO1-like proteins in animals and other eukaryotes as well, indicating that the RNA-induced silencing complex is of ancient evolutionary origin, and that microRNA-mediated regulation of gene expression is shared among many eukaryotes. (sciencedaily.com)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (21-24 nucleotides) sequences of RNA that reduce gene expression by promoting the breakdown of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and by repressing translation of mRNAs into proteins. (freethoughtblogs.com)
His findings have far reaching consequences for our understanding of how RNA-binding proteins and metabolites regulate gene expression, RNA processing and innate immunity. (ed.ac.uk)
Heterotrimeric G proteins are intracellular membrane-attached signal transducers involved in various cellular processes in both plants and animals. (lu.se)
In model species, these proteins have been shown to participate in the control of plant height, branching and seed size and could therefore impact the harvestable yield of various crop plants. (lu.se)
In addition to these essential elements, several proteins and signalling pathways are also involved in photoperiodic responses in plants. (who.int)
Phytochromes play a key role in how plants perceive the day in the complex network of proteins and signalling channels that make up the molecular mechanisms behind photoperiodic responses in plants. (who.int)
Mutations in PIGA result in loss of all GPI-anchored proteins, including CD59, an important complement-regulating protein, on the surface of blood cells. (msdmanuals.com)
The main aim of our research is to understand the molecular details and physiological roles of the multitude of water channel-like proteins present in plants and animals. (lu.se)
Annotation of Selaginella moellendorffii major intrinsic proteins and the evolution of the protein family in terrestrial plants. (lu.se)

As a result, understanding the molecular mechanisms underpinning iron absorption and trafficking is crucial for improving iron bioavailability and content in plants. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, plants have developed a number of regulatory mechanisms at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels to maintain Fe homeostasis, owing to the crucial biological activities of Fe. (biomedcentral.com)
Plant mannose binding lectins detect specific protein-carbohydrate combinations on pathogen surfaces and serve a key role in plant defense mechanisms against pathogens [ 24 , 25 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
While these investigations could somewhat correlate cause and effect as a plant develops, they could not truly explain the mechanisms at work without inspection at the molecular level. (wikipedia.org)
The activity of genes such as Delay of Germination and presence of hormones such as gibberelins have been implicated in dormancy while the exact mechanisms surrounding their action is unknown (Nonogaki et al. (wikipedia.org)
This review focuses on the mechanisms by which vesicle-free miRNAs are secreted from neuroendocrine cells and will discuss potential functions of vesicle-free miRNAs and how vesicle-free miRNAs regulate cell-to-cell communication. (frontiersin.org)
In bryophytes representing basal lineage of land plants, there is little data regarding the mechanisms that control this transition. (biomedcentral.com)
In the basal lineage of land plants, bryophytes, moss Physcomitrella patens has emerged as a model organism for molecular studies to learn about the mechanisms controlling the key moments during the transition from vegetative to reproductive phase of its life cycle. (biomedcentral.com)
The compounds that are found in some spices and produced by herbs act as self-defense mechanisms to protect the plant against infectious organisms [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Chaves MM, Flexas J, Pinheiro C (2009) Photosynthesis under drought and salt stress: regulation mechanisms from whole plant to cell. (springer.com)
Fang Y, Xiong L (2015) General mechanisms of drought response and their application in drought resistance improvement in plants. (springer.com)
Two major research thrusts in the lab are to determine plant mechanisms that (i) dictate the development of symbiotic root nodules and (ii) recruit beneficial microbes. (sdstate.edu)
We are also interested in determining plant mechanisms that influence the microbial diversity in the rhizosphere and plant intercellular spaces. (sdstate.edu)
However, the mechanisms by which these factors dynamically regulate the expression of their target genes at different developmental stages are still poorly understood. (nih.gov)
2021) Molecular mechanisms of endomembrane trafficking in plants. (oeaw.ac.at)
Calandra S, Tarugi P, Speedy HE, Dean AF, Bertolini S, Shoulders CC. Mechanisms and genetic determinants regulating sterol absorption, circulating LDL levels, and sterol elimination: implications for classification and disease risk. (medlineplus.gov)
Although they are structurally similar, plant and animal microRNAs repress gene expression through very different mechanisms. (freethoughtblogs.com)
He discovered a number of factors and mechanisms that regulate production of miRNAs (short non-coding RNAs that control physiological and pathological gene expression pathways). (ed.ac.uk)
The consensus was pro-RNA interference, seeing no risk: "No plausible risk hypotheses were identified that can be considered unique to RNAi [RNA interference] mechanisms when compared to other genetically engineered plants with similar traits. (yogaesoteric.net)
In this essay, I will cover the current understanding of how plants respond to photoperiod and the molecular mechanisms underpinning this response. (who.int)
On the other hand, a class of photoreceptors known as phytochromes is involved in the biochemical mechanisms driving photoperiodic responses in plants. (who.int)

Chromatin loops connect regulatory elements to their target genes. (nature.com)
By integrating expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) and genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, we demonstrate that long-range chromatin interactions between variant regulatory elements and their target genes contribute to variations in gene expression, metabolic phenotypes, and agronomic traits. (nature.com)
The developmental dynamics of DNA-binding of APETALA1 and SEPALLATA3 is largely independent of chromatin accessibility, and our findings suggest that AP1 acts as 'pioneer factor' that modulates chromatin accessibility, thereby facilitating access of other transcriptional regulators to their target genes. (nih.gov)

Gene-editing is a form of genetic engineering. (theecologist.org)
It covers a range of new laboratory techniques that, just as older genetic engineering techniques, can change the genetic material (usually DNA) of a living organism, for example a plant or an animal, without breeding. (theecologist.org)
Many of these techniques can be used to insert genes from an unrelated species into a plant or animal as traditional genetic engineering does and the resulting products, with their novel genes would be regarded as GMOs. (theecologist.org)
Traditional' genetic engineering involves the random insertion of genes (or genetic sequences) into an organism's genome. (theecologist.org)
Proponents tell us that gene-editing is far more precise than the genetic engineering techniques we are familiar with. (theecologist.org)
The Canadian government does not specifically regulate genetic engineering but regulates biotechnology products under a broader category it calls "Novel Foods" and "Plants with Novel Traits" which includes products of genetic engineering as well as organisms produced by other technologies such as traditional breeding and mutagenesis (where chemicals and gamma-radiation are used to induce mutations in genes). (cban.ca)
Health Canada and the Canadian Food Inspection Agency are exempting some genetically engineered plants and foods from government oversight , specifically many of those produced through the new genetic engineering techniques of genome editing (also called gene editing). (cban.ca)
Outlines are given for genetic engineering and plant breeding. (mdpi.com)
Genetic mapping anchored the Lig 1 gene onto 2H within an '300-kb region. (usda.gov)
Our results highlight the significance of 3D organization of regulatory elements and suggest that the topology of long-range genetic variations may affect gene expression as well as phenotype variation. (nature.com)
The effects of a maize knotted1 ( kn1) gene under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter on genetic transformation efficiencies of six citrus genotypes were tested. (springer.com)
With all six genotypes of citrus tested including Eureka lemon, a cultivar difficult to be transformed, our results demonstrate that the kn1 gene may provide an effective molecular tool to enhance genetic transformation efficiencies of various citrus varieties. (springer.com)
On the other hand, transgenic plants produced from mature tissue via genetic transformation can drastically shorten flowering and fruiting time and thus speed up field evaluation studies. (springer.com)
Breeders and engineers at UC Davis are helping crops keep pace with variable weather by using advanced genetic strategies, developing robotic sensors to measure plant performance, and training the next generation of plant breeders. (ucdavis.edu)
Despite this, there are adaptive characteristics and distinctive features that that distinguish the lifestyle of plants from those of animals, hence the adoption of only distantly related components in revealing the genetic regulations of plant cell death. (essaywriter.org)
During the last decades, the development of ever more powerful genetic, molecular and omic approaches has provided plant pathologists with a wide array of experimental tools for elucidating the intricacies of plant-pathogen interactions and proposing new control strategies. (sisef.it)
Genetic and molecular analyses have led to the identification, cloning and characterization of a few genes that contribute to parasitic fitness in the pathogens. (sisef.it)
This breakthrough, published in Nature Plants , allows genetic engineering combinations that work together to enhance the functionality and breeding of new crops. (isaaa.org)
Th)1 cells.5 Meanwhile, the function and immunity of with genetic predisposition, involving multiple cells, DCs are closely regulated by miRNAs. (cdc.gov)

Fe-deficiency induces a complex series of responses in plants, involving physiological and developmental changes, to increase Fe uptake from soil. (biomedcentral.com)
Studies indicate that there are diverse plant developmental systems and a consortium of plant cell culture models being analyzed by different research centers. (essaywriter.org)
Other factors have since been linked with the decision by plant cells to activate cell death, including cell survival signals, stress signals, developmental cues, pathogen recognition and metabolic state. (essaywriter.org)
In plants, MADS-domain transcription factors act as master regulators of developmental switches and organ specification. (nih.gov)
Developmental genes, especially Hox genes, turned out to be remarkably conserved across lineages that diverged over half a billion years ago. (freethoughtblogs.com)
The plant uses this physiological response to time-critical developmental events like flowering. (who.int)
One essential adaptation that enables plants to synchronize their developmental processes with seasonal changes is their capacity to react to variations in day length. (who.int)

New research data from scientists at USC San Diego suggests that the human exosome maintains progenitor cell function, functioning as a surveillance system in cells to regulate the normal turnover of RNAs as well as to destroy RNAs with errors in them. (scitechdaily.com)
In short," said George L. Sen, PhD, assistant professor of medicine and cellular and molecular medicine, "the exosome functions as a surveillance system in cells to regulate the normal turnover of RNAs as well as to destroy RNAs with errors in them. (scitechdaily.com)
The bacterial genes encoding chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) and beta-glucuronidase (GUS) were transiently expressed in leaf discs from the AR1 promoter in TGMV A. The levels of AR1 and GUS RNAs were similar in leaf discs after adjusting for viral DNA copy number, while CAT RNA was less abundant. (ncsu.edu)
The geminivirus transient expression system allows rapid analysis of RNAs transcribed from foreign genes and can serve as a preliminary screen in the construction of transgenic plants. (ncsu.edu)
For many regions of the genome, we have detected multiple overlapping transcripts including both small, gene-sized RNAs and large transcripts covering entire gene clusters. (ncsu.edu)
This study indicates that chloroplast genes are often grouped into multigene transcriptional units which can be cotranscribed, and that light-stimulated plastid development involves changes in the relative abundance of the overlapping RNAs of different length that result from transcription of these genes or gene clusters. (ncsu.edu)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that posttranscriptionally regulate gene expression inside the cell. (frontiersin.org)
miRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression in a post-transcriptional manner. (sdstate.edu)
I mean, you're eating a plant and taking in plant RNAs and they are regulating the expression of your genes? (yogaesoteric.net)
We designed plants that make a cocktail of three human tumor suppressor RNAs and then fed those plants to mice", says Vance. (yogaesoteric.net)

Emphasis is given to the diversity of different responses observed with different genes and evidence for light effects at both transcriptional and post‐transcriptional levels. (ncsu.edu)
Different mRNAs are characterized by different nuclear-cytoplasmic `partitioning coefficients', indicating that post-transcriptional events play a significant role in regulating the accumulation of these mRNAs during light induction. (ncsu.edu)

The goal of our study was to identify genes connected to female gametophyte development and archegonia production in the dioecious liverwort Pellia endiviifolia species B, which is representative of the most basal lineage of the simple thalloid liverworts. (biomedcentral.com)
Breeders can now identify genes that influence some traits at the molecular level, so they can select plants at the seed or seedling stage based on their DNA sequence rather than wait for traits to express themselves as the plants mature. (ucdavis.edu)
These analyses have also helped identify genes that were differentially expressed in DED fungi grown under defined experimental conditions. (sisef.it)

tRNA and rRNA are dominant ncRNAs, miRNAs have critical functions in gene expression. (frontiersin.org)
60% of human protein-coding genes, mostly by binding to the 3′- untranslated region (3′UTR) of the target mRNAs ( 5 ) and, therefore, miRNAs affect gene expression networks of a variety of biological processes including development, apoptosis, proliferation, and metabolism ( 1 , 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
RNA polymerase II mainly transcribes microRNA genes as primary miRNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that contain 5′cap and 3′poly(A) tails ( 28 ). (frontiersin.org)
We show that, similar to metazoan steady-state systems, endogenous miRNAs in Chlamydomonas can regulate gene expression both by destabilization of the mRNA and by translational repression. (freethoughtblogs.com)
These results demonstrate the evolutionarily conserved mode of action for miRNAs, but details of the mechanism diverge between the plant and metazoan kingdoms. (freethoughtblogs.com)
that asthma is intensively regulated by a variety of microRNAs (miRNAs). (cdc.gov)

The genome of the geminivirus tomato golden mosaic virus (TGMV) consists of two circular DNA molecules designated as components A and B. The A component contains the only virally-encoded function required for autonomous replication in infected plant cells. (ncsu.edu)
Genome-wide expression of low temperature response genes in Rosa hybrida L.. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. (usda.gov)
Plant and Animal Genome Conference. (usda.gov)
A sequencing blitz on the tomato genome reveals the genes that contribute most to tastiness. (the-scientist.com)
Collectively, these maps provide a high-resolution view of 3D maize genome architecture, and its role in gene expression and phenotypic variation. (nature.com)
High transformation efficiency of citrus is of great importance for large scale characterization of gene functions and also cultivar development via transgenic and genome editing technologies. (springer.com)
The same search parameters were applied to reveal the SSR content of 14 other plant species for which genome sequence is available. (researchgate.net)
Until recently, however, functional analysis of the DED fungi was hampered by the lack of protocols for efficient gene knockout and by the unavailability of a full genome sequence. (sisef.it)

Furthermore, based on differentially expressed genes and WGCNA analyses, we found that the hypoxia signaling pathway was enriched under heat shock conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing ( ChIP-Seq ) and RNA-Seq identified 660 genes directly suppressed by CsSCL2 that were enriched in biological processes including development-related processes, auxin signaling pathway, and cell wall organization . (bvsalud.org)

Iron (Fe) is an essential mineral element that involves in many biological processes important for most plants growth and development. (biomedcentral.com)
Gene-editing techniques may perhaps be more precise at the level and point where the DNA is altered but how this altered DNA might affect interactions with other genes and processes within the cell is largely unknown. (theecologist.org)
Plants depend on epigenetic processes for proper function. (wikipedia.org)
Methods A next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel was created for the human TRPV1 gene and in addition, for the leukotriene receptors BLT1 and BLT2 recently described to modulate TRPV1 mediated sensitisation processes rendering the coding genes LTB4R and LTB4R2 important co-players in pharmacogenetic approaches involving TRPV1. (researchgate.net)
Auxin influences development by affecting the expression of numerous genes that control the processes of cell division and cell expansion in specific plant tissues at specific stages during the plant life cycle - e.g. for leaves, roots, and floral organs to develop in the correct patterns and correct time sequence. (sciencedaily.com)
Genes required for degradation of and growth on the carbon source pectin were down-regulated, whereas transcripts involved in redox processes were up-regulated. (frontiersin.org)
Many genes and biochemical processes control how a plant responds to the photoperiod. (who.int)
For instance, to optimise the response to variations in day length, the photoperiodic pathway interacts with the circadian clock, which controls numerous physiological processes in plants. (who.int)
It is primarily released into our environment through mining and smelting in industrial processes and enters the food chain through uptake by plants from contaminated soil and water. (cdc.gov)

MicroRNAs are tiny ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules (~22 nucleotides long) that recently have been found to play important roles in regulating gene expression in eukaryotic organisms, including plants and animals. (sciencedaily.com)
The results of the present study indicate that microRNAs play important roles in regulating asthma immune responses. (cdc.gov)

These plants also showed highly branched growth from each leaf axil and increased number of nodes and leaves. (isaaa.org)
1. In plants, growth hormones are present. (omtexclasses.com)
2. The height gained by plants depends upon the amount of growth hormone produced by the plant. (omtexclasses.com)
5. On the other hand, if the enzymes are less efficient, they produce less quantity of growth hormone which results in the stunted growth of the plants. (omtexclasses.com)
In 1918, Gassner published findings that noted the necessity of a cold phase in order for proper plant growth. (wikipedia.org)
Meanwhile, Garner and Allard examined the importance of the duration of light exposure to plant growth in 1920. (wikipedia.org)
2014). Germination is the early growth of a plant from a seed. (wikipedia.org)
Together these results suggest that the sunflowers' movements are regulated by something other than simple growth toward the sun. (latimes.com)
Past studies have shown that growth-regulating factors ( GRFs ) and GRF -interacting factors ( GIFs ) are involved in regulating plant growth and development, responding to environmental stress, and responding to the induction of exogenous hormones. (biomedcentral.com)
The results of this study may be helpful for further study of the function of PgGRF and PgGIF genes and lay a foundation for further study of their role in the growth and development of Panax ginseng . (biomedcentral.com)
In recent years, studies have shown that GRF transcription factors play essential roles in plant growth development and defence responses to biological and abiotic stresses. (biomedcentral.com)
For example, plants growing with a limited supply of the key nutrient, nitrate, typically suppress shoot branching but protect root growth, prioritizing nutrient foraging in the soil. (europa.eu)
These results indicate that, HvMADS57 regulates plant growth and development by interacting with HvTB1 to suppress the transcription of HvD14 in barley which is similar to the relationships among the orthologs of these genes in rice. (ias.ac.in)
A survey of agricultural technologies influencing the biosynthesis and accumulation of phenolic compounds in crop plants is presented, including observations on the effects of light, temperature, mineral nutrition, water management, grafting, elevated atmospheric CO 2 , growth and differentiation of the plant and application of elicitors, stimulating agents and plant activators. (mdpi.com)
The plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), commonly referred to as auxin, plays a major role in regulating plant growth and development. (sciencedaily.com)
The AtNFXL1 gene encodes a NF-X1 type zinc finger protein required for growth under salt stress. (mpg.de)
It can measure critical components like plant architecture and volume, leaf area and number, and temperature of the leaves, which helps breeders determine growth patterns and whether plants are suffering from heat or water stress," Slaughter said. (ucdavis.edu)
2021) Nitric oxide coordinates growth, development, and stress response via histone modification and gene expression. (oeaw.ac.at)
The company uses plants' natural molecules, called "micro-peptides", to temporarily control expression of their genes and regulate plant growth but leaving their DNA intact. (biospace.com)
During my PhD studies I will analyze community's composition, fungal growth, nutrient uptake and gene expression of ectomycorrhizal species under different nutrient regimes. (lu.se)

2013). To direct transcriptional silencing, a non-coding RNA will associate with a polycomb group protein which to tether it to a specific gene for silencing (Kleinmanns et al. (wikipedia.org)
However, due to the limited resolution of Hi-C maps, comprehensive high-resolution chromatin maps involving regulatory elements, which allow for elucidation of their impact on transcriptional regulation are still lacking in plants. (nature.com)
Their mutagenic potential and gene regulatory effect have shaped the evolution of transcriptional networks involved in development, pluripotency, and inflammation. (lu.se)

However gene-edited organisms clearly fall within the definition of GMOs in both European and international law. (theecologist.org)
But, as yet largely unnoticed is that the European Commission is considering whether the gene-editing of plants and animals, for example in agriculture, be exempted from regulation or even falls outside the scope of EU law governing genetically modified organisms (GMOs). (theecologist.org)
The gametophytes of lower plants, such as the bryophytes, are free living organisms that undergo differentiation and development independent of the sporophytes, whereas the gametophytes of flowering plants complete their development within the floral organs of the sporophytes [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The RAGES project (Risk Assessment of Genetically Engineered Organisms in the EU and Switzerland) was carried out between 2016 and 2019 to critically evaluate risk assessment of genetically engineered food plants as performed by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and its Swiss counterpart: The EU Parliament has in recent years adopted around 40 resolutions against further approvals for the import of genetically engineered plants. (cban.ca)
Development of eukaryotic organisms is controlled by transcription factors that trigger specific and global changes in gene expression programmes. (nih.gov)
My main interests include the molecular and ecological study of soil communities and their relationship with plant organisms. (lu.se)

An innovative technique from Cornell University researchers finds seminal fluid protein transferred from male to female fruit flies during mating changes the expression of genes related to the fly's circadian clock. (phys.org)

Quantitative PCR and high-throughput methods, such as expressed sequence tag analysis, have been used for measuring gene expression and identifying subsets of elm genes that are differentially expressed in the presence of O. novo-ulmi . (sisef.it)

Based on the available public RNA-Seq data, the expression patterns of PgGRF and PgGIF genes were analysed from 14 different tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
GRF genes are usually expressed at higher levels in young tissues but at lower levels in mature tissues [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
It is further confirmed that DhMYB2 is a key gene regulating anthocyanin synthesis in the above tissues. (catas.cn)
Another challenge to using transgenic plant technology in citrus is the long juvenile phase of immature tissues that ranges from 5 to 20 years, which greatly delays analysis of the effects of candidate genes. (springer.com)
What effects may occur in the genes, cells, or tissues as a result? (cdc.gov)

Transcription of the wheat chloroplast gene that encodes the 32 kd polypeptide. (ncsu.edu)
The AR1 gene, which encodes the TGMV coat protein, was transcribed transiently in leaf discs after agroinoculation of TGMV A DNA. (ncsu.edu)
DNA sequencing indicated that a genomic deletion of 20-kb in the mutant occurred to the gene model HORVU.MOREX.r3.2HG0202650, which encodes a putative SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein-like (SPL) transcription factor. (usda.gov)
The complex then cleaves the mRNA into smaller pieces, thereby preventing translation of the protein it encodes, and thus inhibiting or "silencing" gene expression. (sciencedaily.com)
The maize homeobox gene knotted1 ( kn1 ) encodes an AP2/ERF transcription factor (Hake et al. (springer.com)

Plant Physiol;192(4): 2838-2854, 2023 08 03. (bvsalud.org)

in this way, vesicle-free miRNA may regulate cell-to-cell communication including the regulation of gene expression and cellular signaling. (frontiersin.org)
Finally, Gracjan showed that Oleic Acid (a natural ω-9 monounsaturated fatty acid produced by various plants and animal cells) directly stimulates the production of tumour suppressor miRNA. (ed.ac.uk)

Research on plants looks at several species. (wikipedia.org)
A number of genes have been identified in several angiosperm species which play crucial functions in many different steps of the male and female gametophytes formation [ 2 , 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Wheat and its wild related species possess numerous favourable genes for yield improvement, grain quality enhancement, biotic and abiotic stress resistance, and constitute a giant gene pool for wheat improvement. (ias.ac.in)
In recent years, significant progress on molecular characterization and functional analysis of elite genes in wheat and its related species have been achieved. (ias.ac.in)
In this paper, we review the cloned functional genes correlated with grain quality, biotic and abiotic stress resistance, photosystem and nutrition utilization in wheat and its related species. (ias.ac.in)
One major limitation associated with existing protocols when used on economically important citrus species is likely low plant regeneration frequencies. (springer.com)
Furthermore, all transgenic lines exhibited significantly less accumulation of reactive oxygen species than WT plants. (springer.com)
The concept of mutation was coined by Hugo De Vries in 1901, whom worked with plants species of the genus Oenothera where he discovered some phenotypic hereditary characteristics that he coined as "mutations" and "mutants" to those individuals that have these phenotypic alterations. (intechopen.com)
There is still much to learn about the diversity and complexity of the photoperiodic response across several plant groupings, even if much is known about it in particular species. (who.int)
The best evidence is perhaps alteration of reactive oxygen species balance and signaling in cells that regulate innate immunity causing alteration of the inflammatory response that is postulated to contribute to chronic diseases. (cdc.gov)

Knockout of MNB1 led to enhanced Fe accumulation and tolerance, whereas the MNB1 -overexpressing plants were sensitive to Fe-deficiency stress. (biomedcentral.com)
The research team has discovered two transcription factor genes DhMYB2 and DhbHLH1 that are closely related to the accumulation of anthocyanins in the petals of Dendrobium autumnale. (catas.cn)
Accumulation of selenium in plants grown on selenium-treated soil. (nature.com)
The plants showed increased accumulation of ARF17 mRNA and altered levels of mRNAs corresponding to several genes that may be regulated by ARF17. (sciencedaily.com)
At least 28 ABCG8 gene mutations have been identified in people with sitosterolemia, which is a condition caused by accumulation of plant sterols. (medlineplus.gov)

The findings provide new insights into the role and importance of exosomes and their targeted gene transcripts, and may help point the way to new drugs or therapies for not just skin diseases, but other disorders in which stem and progenitor cell populations are affected. (scitechdaily.com)
All transcripts detected were more abundant (as a fraction of total cellular RNA) in light grown plants than in plants entirely in the dark. (ncsu.edu)
However, larger transcripts were generally more abundant in plants that had been exposed to only 24 h of white light (after germination in the dark) than in plants grown in continuous light. (ncsu.edu)
Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Partitioning of Phytochrome-Regulated Transcripts in Pisum sativum. (ncsu.edu)
Transcripts from each of five light-regulated genes exhibited different responses to a variety of light treatments, but for each transcript we observed a characteristic linear relationship between nuclear and cytoplasmic levels over a wide range of total transcript abundance. (ncsu.edu)
Moreover we observed ten-fold increased transcripts level for all three genes in the archegonial tissue in comparison to the vegetative parts of the same female thalli grown in natural habitat suggesting their connection to archegonia development. (biomedcentral.com)

Nuclear and cytoplasmic mRNAs for several phytochrome-regulated genes were examined in Pisum seedlings in order to investigate possible light effects on mRNA partitioning between the nucleus and cytoplasm. (ncsu.edu)
mRNAs corresponding to several regulatory genes that mediate auxin responses contain short stretches of sequence that are complementary to microRNAs, and therefore have been considered potential targets of microRNA-mediated regulation. (sciencedaily.com)
Although more and animals and plants and regulate gene/protein expression more progressions have been made about the through direct complementarity between their 5' region pathogenesis of asthma in recent years, the increasing and the 3' untranslated region of target mRNAs. (cdc.gov)

Epigenetics is defined as "the study of changes in gene function that are mitotically and/or meiotically heritable and that do not entail a change in DNA sequence" (Wu et al. (wikipedia.org)
Changes in gene expression in response to altered SHL transcript levels. (mpg.de)
One of the biggest changes in evolutionary theory in the late 20th century was the growing appreciation for the central role of changes in gene expression in macroevolution. (freethoughtblogs.com)
Cd adversely impacts cell function through changes in gene expression and signal transduction and is recognized as a carcinogen. (cdc.gov)

However, the molecular mechanism involved in plant Fe-deficiency is not well understood. (biomedcentral.com)
Plant Molecular Biology, 10(4), 303–310. (ncsu.edu)
Department of Molecular Genetics AFRC Institute of Plant Science Research (Cambridge Laboratory), Maris Lane, Trumpington Cambridge CB2 2LQ, U.K. (ncsu.edu)
Molecular Plant Development. (ncsu.edu)
Notably, HSP genes, which function as molecular chaperones, play an important role in heat shock response. (biomedcentral.com)
2014). Rudimentary comprehensions set precedent for later molecular evaluation and, eventually, a more complete view of how plants operate. (wikipedia.org)
Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions. (usda.gov)
Molecular tools help us find genes of interest for some traits, but you don't really know what you have for other traits until you make your crosses and grow plants in the field," Brummer said. (ucdavis.edu)

Importantly, these gene-to-gene interactions within the cell are reflected in the organism as a whole. (theecologist.org)
The results illustrate a complex set of interactions regulating expression of the nuclear and chloroplast genomes. (ncsu.edu)

Most PgGRF and PgGIF gene promoters contain some hormone- and stress- related cis-regulatory elements. (biomedcentral.com)
However, spatial organization of regulatory elements and its impact on gene expression in plants remain unclear. (nature.com)
The maps indicate that chromatin loops are formed between regulatory elements, and that gene pairs between promoter proximal regions tend to be co-expressed. (nature.com)
Many promoter proximal regions are involved in chromatin loops with distal regulatory elements, which regulate important agronomic traits. (nature.com)
In eukaryotes, cis regulatory elements and associated trans -acting factors regulate spatiotemporal gene expression, which affects individual development. (nature.com)
In this study, we explore the regulatory role of mutations occurring in distal regulatory elements related to gene expression and phenotypic variations with adapted long-read ChIA-PET, and construct high-resolution chromatin interaction maps of maize promoter proximal regions and distal regulatory elements associated with RNA polymerase II occupancy and histone mark H3K4me3. (nature.com)

These findings help us understanding plant responses to Fe-deficiency stress, however, a number of novel genes involved in modulating iron homeostasis still need to be identified. (biomedcentral.com)
But not all the applications of gene-editing involve the insertion of novel genes. (theecologist.org)
The question is whether plants and animals with 'edited' genes (without inserted novel genes) should be regulated as GMOs. (theecologist.org)

Because of an interaction with cell wall extracellular glycans or carbohydrates, several plant lectins are vital for bacterial defense via an indirect biochemical process. (biomedcentral.com)
Extracellular vesicles: vehicles of en bloc viral transmission. (cdc.gov)

Together, these results suggest the potential for heterologous expression of the AtCBF3 gene to mediate tolerance to hydric and saline stress in citrus plants. (springer.com)
The dominant discovery in these experiments indicates that there is a heterologous expression of certain genes in plants that can regulate cell death. (essaywriter.org)

Cytosine methylation has been studied in wheat rRNA genes at nucleolar organizers displaying different activities. (ncsu.edu)
The methylation pattern within a specific multigene locus is influenced by the number and type of rRNA genes in other rDNA loci in the cell. (ncsu.edu)
It is concluded that cytosine methylation in rDNA is regulated and that the methylation pattern correlates with the transcription potential of an rRNA gene. (ncsu.edu)
2021) The histone variant H2A.W and linker histone H1 co-regulate heterochromatin accessibility and DNA methylation. (oeaw.ac.at)

Sen said the findings could have particular relevance if future research determines that mutations in exosome genes are linked to skin disorders or other diseases. (scitechdaily.com)
Once mutations in exosome complex genes are identified in either skin diseases or other diseases like pontocerebellar hypoplasia, it may be possible to design drugs targeting these defects. (scitechdaily.com)
Whithout mutations we would know very little about inheritance and the existence of genes. (intechopen.com)
The mutations result in a defective sterolin transporter and impair the elimination of plant sterols and, to a lesser degree, cholesterol from the body. (medlineplus.gov)

Relevant research was published in Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. (catas.cn)

it was induced by GA3 (gibberellin) [ 3 ] and played an essential role in regulating stem elongation. (biomedcentral.com)
Golden Promise carries a loss-of-function mutation in HvDep1, an AGG3-type subunit encoding gene that positively regulates culm elongation and seed size in barley. (lu.se)

We have only known that microRNAs even existed since the early 1990's, and their importance in gene regulation and development wasn't appreciated until the 2000's. (freethoughtblogs.com)

One of these targets is the transcription factor AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR17 (ARF17), which is thought to repress the expression of a number of other genes involved in auxin responses. (sciencedaily.com)

These are human health and plant resistance to pathogens and to biotic and abiotic stress factors. (mdpi.com)

Photoregulation: diverse gene responses in greening seedlings. (ncsu.edu)
Dodd I, Ryan A (2016) Whole-Plant Physiological Responses to Water-Deficit Stress. (springer.com)
Evidently, it has been established from the above outline that cell death plays a pivotal role in the innate responses in both animals and plants. (essaywriter.org)
Three groups of plants' photoperiodic responses can be distinguished: short-day plants (SDPs), long-day plants (LDPs), and day-neutral plants (DNPs). (who.int)

Gassner's work would shape the conceptualization of vernalization which involves epigenetic changes in plants after a period of cold that leads to development of flowering (Heo and Sung et al. (wikipedia.org)
Epigenetic modifications regulate gene expression. (wikipedia.org)
More so, our results show that the epigenetic regulation of TE transcription is dynamically regulated throughout life (Paper II), upon the beginning of neuroinflammation (Paper III), and in a disease-driving polymorphic TE insertion (Paper IV). (lu.se)

It provides technical support for mining functional genes related to flower development, flower color, flower fragrance and senescence of Dendrobium autumnale, as well as developing commodity of polychrome Dendrobium autumnale. (catas.cn)

Since this discovery, the field of plant programmed cell death has continued to grow, with maturity depicted in studies aimed at distinguishing the roles of plant cell deaths in plant development. (essaywriter.org)
In plants, cell death is a fundamental process, as it plays the roles of controlling the elimination of cells during plant development and defense in the form of hypersensitive response. (essaywriter.org)

Moreover, their expression is connected to the female sex-organ differentiation and is developmentally regulated. (biomedcentral.com)
Our data provide a primer to the idea that cellular differentiation in plants can be associated to dynamic changes in chromatin accessibility, as consequence of the action of master transcription factors. (nih.gov)

In this study, we aimed to determine the relationships among these genes in barley. (ias.ac.in)
In this study, we conducted map-based cloning of the Liguleless 1 (Lig 1) regulating leaf angle in barley. (usda.gov)
Phylogenetic analysis suggested the SPL in barley might be a homolog of Zmlg1 and TaSPL8 regulating leaf angle in maize and wheat, respectively. (usda.gov)
Our results confirm the role of AGG3-type subunit-encoding genes in shaping plant architecture, but interestingly also indicate that the impact HvDep1 has on yield in barley is both genotypically and environmentally sensitive. (lu.se)

CRISPR is becoming well known in scientific circles as it's a particularly efficient method of gene-editing. (theecologist.org)
The role of a soybean 14-3-3 gene (Glyma05g29080) on white mold resistance and nodulation investigations using CRISPR-Cas9 editing and RNA silencing. (usda.gov)
Using CRISPR technology, we knocked out the SPL-encoding gene and phenocopied the Lig 1 mutant. (usda.gov)
Researchers use CRISPR to create plants that resist infection by DNA viruses. (the-scientist.com)
John Innes Centre (JIC) scientists used CRISPR-Cas9 to shut off a molecule in tomato plants and increase the concentration of provitamin D3 in the fruits and leaves. (isaaa.org)
University of Maryland scientists have developed CRISPR -Combo, a new tool for editing several genes in plants while simultaneously modifying the expression of other genes. (isaaa.org)

They also present real risks to the environment and human health - and must be regulated like any other GMOs. (theecologist.org)
In other words, whether the products of gene-editing should be labelled and regulated as GMOs, or allowed to enter the food chain untested and unlabelled. (theecologist.org)

Additionally, Thymoquinone is known to up-regulate and down-regulate tumour suppressor genes. (positivehealth.com)

The contribution of the identified genes may be crucial for successful liverwort sexual reproduction. (biomedcentral.com)
Scientists at UMass Chan Medical School and the Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole have identified the first gene-Bmal1-to play a crucial role in regulating circatidal behavior in the crustacean Parhyale hawaiensis. (phys.org)
The creation and movement of the hormone florigen, which starts blooming in response to photoperiodic signals, is a crucial regulating mechanism. (who.int)

Gracjan's main research interests are associated with regulation of gene expression, RNA processing and innate immune response to RNA viruses. (ed.ac.uk)

Collaborative work with Nick Klein (SGU) and Jose Gonzalez on native plant microbiomes funded by Sd-EPSCoR (Jan 2020). (sdstate.edu)

These results reveal that SlMBP11 plays a role in regulating plant architecture and reproductive development in tomato plants. (isaaa.org)
The results suggest that H2 plays an important role in regulating the level of H2-oxidizing activity in this soluble hydrogenase. (ncsu.edu)
A critical role of moss 2 KNOTTED LIKE HOMEOBOX (KNOX2) transcription factors was demonstrated in preventing the development of gametophyte leafy shoots from diploid embryos before meiosis [ 9 ] indicating a critical role for the evolution of KNOX2 in establishing an alternation of generation in land plants. (biomedcentral.com)
The BRI1-associated kinase 1, BAK1, has a Brassinoli-independent role in plant cell-death control. (mpg.de)
The role played by plants in promoting the wellness of society and enhancing the sustainability of the planet's ecosystem has rarely been contested since the advent of agriculture. (essaywriter.org)
However, with the continuing trends of human development, the transition of plant use for facilitating manufacturing activities continues to weaken the traditional role played by plants. (essaywriter.org)

A cohort of 80 healthy subjects of Western European descent was screened to evaluate and validate the detection of exomic sequences of the coding genes with 25 base pair exon padding. (researchgate.net)
The subsequent huge changes in morphology were more often due to changes in when and where those genes were expressed than to changes in the coding sequences of the genes themselves. (freethoughtblogs.com)

Identification of brassinosteroid-related genes by means of transcript co-response analyses. (mpg.de)

However, maintenance of SE capability has long been a challenge and becomes a bottleneck in biotechnology -facilitated plant improvement. (bvsalud.org)

Constraints and possible physiological feedbacks are considered for successful and sustainable application of agricultural techniques with respect to management of plant phenol profiles and concentrations. (mdpi.com)
The physiological response of plants to the length of day or night is known as photoperiodism. (who.int)

Plants with increased SlMBP11 levels displayed reduced plant height, leaf size, and internode length. (isaaa.org)
Moreover, transgenic lines were more tolerant to saline stress and presented a greener phenotype with increased chlorophyll content in leaf discs compared to WT plants. (springer.com)

miR171-targeted SCARECROW-LIKE genes CsSCL2 and CsSCL3 regulate somatic embryogenesis in citrus. (bvsalud.org)
In the embryogenic callus (EC) of citrus, we identified 2 csi-miR171c-targeted SCARECROW-LIKE genes CsSCL2 and CsSCL3 (CsSCL2/3), which exert positive feedback regulation on csi-miR171c expression. (bvsalud.org)
Overall, CsSCL2/3 modulate ROS homeostasis through the interactive protein CsClot and directly suppress the expression of regeneration -related genes , thus regulating SE in citrus. (bvsalud.org)
The kn1 gene construct was used to transform 'Pineapple', 'Hamlin', 'Sucarri' and 'Valencia' sweet orange [ Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck], 'Carrizo' Citrange [ Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck × Poncirus trifoliate (L.) Raf. (springer.com)
Our results demonstrate that expression of the kn1 gene enhances transformation efficiencies from 3 to 15 fold compared to a control vector, 3-11 fold relative to the highest transformation efficiencies reported for these citrus genotypes. (springer.com)
The majority of kn1 over-expressing citrus plants grow and develop normally at young seedling stages, similar to those of the wild type plants. (springer.com)
While no effective HLB control methods or HLB resistance citrus cultivars have been commercialized, transgenic plant technologies have been recognized as a powerful tool to control the HLB disease. (springer.com)
Ali S, Mannan A, El Oirdi M, Waheed A, Mirza B (2012) Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of rough lime (Citrus jambhiri Lush) with yeast HAL2 gene. (springer.com)
Cervera M, Ortega C, Navarro A, Navarro L, Peña L (2000) Generation of transgenic citrus plants with the tolerance-to-salinity gene HAL2 from yeast. (springer.com)

CsSCL2/3 bound to the promoters of regeneration -related genes , such as WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX 2 (CsWOX2), CsWOX13, and Lateral Organ Boundaries Domain 40 (LBD40), and repressed their expression. (bvsalud.org)

RhizoDive is an exciting high school laboratory opportunity where students learn about nitrogen sustainability, microbial biodiversity and/or plant meristems (stem cells). (sdstate.edu)
Bradamante G, Mittelsten Scheid O, Incarbone M (2021) Under siege: virus control in plant meristems and progeny. (oeaw.ac.at)

This review paper will focus on the plant-derived products as antimicrobial agents for use in food preservation and to control foodborne pathogens in foods. (hindawi.com)
The genus Verticillium comprises soil-borne plant pathogens causing vascular wilt disease in numerous crops. (frontiersin.org)

Also the PpFIE gene ( FERTILIZATION INDEPENDENT ENDOSPREM ) has been implicated in the gametophyte development. (biomedcentral.com)
Plants show remarkable flexibility in their development, allowing them to adjust their form to suit the environmental conditions in which they are growing. (europa.eu)
The technical innovation team of the tropical ornamental plant industry of the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences has made new progress in the research on the flower color formation and regulation mechanism of Dendrobium autumnale and the development of flower color regulation technology. (catas.cn)
This work provides an important contribution to our understanding of plant development. (sciencedaily.com)
These changes were correlated with dramatic development defects in leaves, roots, and flowers, showing that microRNA-mediated regulation of ARF17 is essential for normal plant development. (sciencedaily.com)
with these three reports, we are beginning to understand the consequences of this regulation for the development of the plant. (sciencedaily.com)
Therefore, several studies have been conducted with the aim of establishing the best ways through which plant development can be assured, taking into consideration the environmental response and evolutionary patterns of the modern society. (essaywriter.org)
Additionally, this discussion expands its mandate by analyzing the function and regulation of anti-cell death in plant development. (essaywriter.org)
Using relevant sources of literature, the paper delivers a systematic analysis of fascinating analogies between cell death and plant development with respect to the primary functions of cell death as stipulated in the introductory outline of the discussion. (essaywriter.org)
At the end of the discussion, significant insights will be developed to paint a picture of the emerging trends in plant development with respect to the topical research on anti-cell death genes. (essaywriter.org)
We are proud to be part of this center and lead efforts on infrastructure development for plant imaging and informatics. (sdstate.edu)
However in recent years with the development of epigenesis, genomic imprinting and the horizontal transferences of the genes, Lamarck's ideas have resurfaced. (intechopen.com)
Vitamin A is also important for embryonic development and the regulation of adult genes. (medscape.com)

A putative function has been assigned, using the gene ontology approach, to the set of genes harboring at least one SSR. (researchgate.net)

Sustained bud activity appears to depend on the establishment of the export of a third hormone, auxin, from the bud into the main stem, where it joins the polar auxin transport stream down the plant to the roots. (europa.eu)

The two transcription factors interact to regulate the synthesis of anthocyanins. (catas.cn)

To Fe acquisition from the soil, most plants have developed two major ways to absorb Fe: (1) the reduction-based strategy (Strategy I) mechanism found in all dicots and non-graminaceous monocots, and (2) the chelation-based strategy (Strategy II) mechanism found only in graminaceous plants [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Structural mechanism of plant aquaporin gating. (lu.se)

Resveratrol activates the SIRT-1 gene, known as a longevity gene, which directly affects stem cells and telomeres. (positivehealth.com)
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is a clonal disorder caused by an acquired mutation in the PIGA gene in hematopoietic stem cells. (msdmanuals.com)

Patterns of phytochrome-induced gene expression in etiolated pea buds. (ncsu.edu)
Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University have used fruit flies to study how daily eating patterns are regulated. (phys.org)

It is suitable for large-scale sequencing of TRPV1 and functionally related genes. (researchgate.net)

During a 15-day treatment of water deficit by cessation of irrigation, the transgenic lines LM2 and LM14 showed lower stomatal conductance and transpiration paired with lower photosynthesis, whereas transgenic line LM7 maintained its photosynthesis, declining stomatal conductance, and transpiration compared to WT plants, which is manifested into more efficient water use. (springer.com)
The genes Cs RafS1 and CsGolS1 showed similar or greater expression in one of the transgenic lines with respect to control plants. (springer.com)
Fu X, Khan E, Hu S, Fan Q, Liu J (2011) Overexpression of the betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase gene from Atriplex hortensis enhances salt tolerance in the transgenic trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf. (springer.com)

Dominant, very active loci have a higher proportion of rRNA genes with unmethylated cytosine residues in comparison with recessive and inactive loci. (ncsu.edu)
Here, we show that rRNA genes at dominant loci are organized in a chromatin conformation that renders them more sensitive to DNase I digestion than other rRNA genes. (ncsu.edu)

Dr. Bellini and her colleagues found that the mutant plants over-accumulate ARF17 mRNA within the hypocotyl, pointing to ARF17 as a major regulator of adventitious rooting and microRNA-mediated regulation as a major regulator of ARF17. (sciencedaily.com)
An artificial microRNA (amiFATB) was created by replacing a microRNA sequence in the camelina Csa-miR159a gene with a FATB gene specific sequence. (osti.gov)

Anatomy30

Organisms85

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs55

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment13

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes62

Disciplines and Occupations5

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture26

Information Science3

Health Care9

Arabidopsis16

Proteins22

Mechanisms21

Target genes3

Genetic19

Developmental7

RNAs10

Post-transcriptional2

Identify genes3

MiRNAs6

Genome8

Signaling pathway2

Processes9

Play important roles2

Growth20

Transcriptional3

Organisms6

Expression of ge1

Differentially expressed1

Tissues5

Encodes5

20231

MiRNA2

Species10

Accumulation5

Transcripts6

MRNAs3

Changes in gene4

Molecular8

Interactions2

Regulatory6

Novel genes3

Extracellular2

Heterologous expression2

Methylation4

Mutations4

Physiology and Biochemistry1

Elongation2

MicroRNAs1

Repress1

Biotic and abiotic stress1

Responses4

Epigenetic3

Functional genes1

Roles2

Differentiation2

Barley4

CRISPR6

GMOs2

Tumour1

Crucial3

Regulation of gene ex1

20201

Role6

Sequences2

Analyses1

Biotechnology1

Physiological2

Leaf2

Citrus9

Regeneration1

Meristems2

Pathogens2

Development13

Putative function1

Hormone1

Transcription factors1

Mechanism2

Stem2

Patterns2

Functionally1

Transgenic3

RRNA2

MicroRNA2