Regulate tumor suppressor proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

This task can be accomplished by replacing tumor suppressor genes that have been lost or mutated, selectively inserting genes that produce cytotoxic substances, or modifying the immune system to destroy the tumor cells. (medscape.com)

Retinoblastoma-binding protein 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RBBP6 gene. (wikipedia.org)
This gene encodes a protein which binds to underphosphorylated but not phosphorylated pRB. (wikipedia.org)
Various techniques have been developed for targeting cancer cells: gene therapy, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), antibody toxin conjugates, small-molecule inhibitors, antisense molecules, and tumor vaccines. (medscape.com)
The protein produced from this gene is described as a tumor suppressor because it helps keep cells from growing and dividing too fast or in an uncontrolled way. (medlineplus.gov)
Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 1 (MEN-1), loss-of-function germline mutations in the tumor suppressor gene MEN1 increase the risk of developing pituitary, parathyroid and pancreatic islet tumors, and less commonly thymic carcinoids, lipomas and benign adrenocortical tumors. (intechopen.com)
Instead, the experiments suggest that Tao negatively regulates BMP signaling as reduction of Tao leads to an increase in pMad levels in motor neuron nuclei and an increase in BMP target gene expression. (sdbonline.org)
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the CMGC family of serine/threonine protein kinases. (cancerindex.org)
What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the highly conserved cyclin family, whose members are characterized by a dramatic periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. (genetex.com)
This protein has been shown to interact with tumor suppressor protein Rb and the expression of this gene is regulated positively by Rb. (genetex.com)
Mutations, amplification and overexpression of this gene, which alters cell cycle progression, are observed frequently in a variety of tumors and may contribute to tumorigenesis. (genetex.com)
FLNC is a tumor suppressor gene, but the manifestations of Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome appear to have several mechanisms of activation. (medscape.com)
Pradella et al suggest that FLCN may not always follow a classic two-hit model of tumorigenesis and may alternatively be a noncanonical tumor suppressor gene. (medscape.com)
William Kaelin, Jr. was in 1995 engaged in the study of the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene, and after isolation of the first full-length clone of the gene showed that it could suppress tumor growth in VHL mutant tumorigenic cell lines. (nobelprize.org)
However, for most of the 20th century, it was not clear how adaptations to oxygen flux were regulated at the fundamental level of gene expression. (nobelprize.org)
The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between tumor protein 53 (TP53) gene deletion and protein expression and clinical features in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and to evaluate the predictive value of these two characteristics in the prognosis of ESCC. (spandidos-publications.com)
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were performed to detect the expression of p53 protein and gene deletion in ESCC tissue samples from different ethnic groups in Xinjiang, in order to analyze their association with clinicopathological characteristics and patient prognosis, as well as the sensitivity and specificity of the two methods. (spandidos-publications.com)
Tumor protein 53 ( TP53 ) is a recognized tumor suppressor gene located on chromosome 17q13.1. (spandidos-publications.com)
The TP53 gene plays an important role in regulating the cell cycle, apoptosis and DNA damage repair ( 8 , 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The TP53 gene mutation is the most common gene alteration in many tumors, including esophageal cancer. (spandidos-publications.com)
Structure of tumor suppressor gene protein (PTEN) by homology modelling. (onljbioinform.com)
PTEN (Phosphatase and Tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10), a tumor suppressor gene mutates in human tumors including melanoma. (onljbioinform.com)
Genetically, MRTs typically demonstrate abnormalities in the SMARCB1 gene located on chromosome 22, which influences the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex that is involved in regulating cell cycle, growth, and differentiation (2). (goldenhelix.com)
Because of the influence on different cell cycle processes, SMARCB1 is understood to be a tumor suppressor gene. (goldenhelix.com)
In summary, SMARCB1 creates a subunit of the SWI/SNF protein complexes, which regulate gene activity by chromatin remodeling. (goldenhelix.com)
MEN 4 is caused by an inactivating mutation of the CDKN1B gene, which codes for the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B protein, also known as p27 or p27KIP1. (msdmanuals.com)

Loss of the tuberous sclerosis complex tumor suppressors triggers the unfolded protein response to regulate insulin signaling and apoptosis. (nih.gov)
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/RAC seine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT)/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is a promising therapeutic target owing to its frequent dysregulation in HCC and the critical functions it has in regulating cell survival, proliferation, apoptosis, migration and angiogenesis through phosphorylation of distinct protein substrates ( 6 , 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
However, the precise molecular mechanisms by which AKT1 promotes cell proliferation and regulates apoptosis ( 18 , 19 ) remain largely unclear. (spandidos-publications.com)
Subsequent mechanism investigations revealed that AKT1 served a notable function in cell proliferation and anti-apoptosis by directly regulating the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and Notch1. (spandidos-publications.com)
Autophagy also regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis, highlighting its role in maintaining cellular homeostasis [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Our simulations show that, if HMGB1 is overexpressed, then the oncoproteins CyclinD/E, which regulate cell proliferation, are overexpressed, while tumor suppressor proteins that regulate cell apoptosis (programmed cell death), such as p53, are repressed. (biomedcentral.com)
The HMGB1 signal transduction can influence the cell's fate by two important processes - apoptosis and cell proliferation - which are regulated respectively by the proteins p53 and CyclinE, acting in two different signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
The protein p53 is one of the most important tumor suppressor proteins: its activation can lead to cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, or apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
In this paper, we ask the following questions: How do these proteins and their mutations change the cell's fate - apoptosis or survival - when HMGB1 signal transduction is activated? (biomedcentral.com)
Wild-type TP53 can inhibit the cell cycle and activate apoptosis-related genes that induce apoptosis and regulate cell proliferation ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Interacting with various cellular proteins, E6 and E7 influence fundamental cellular functions like cell cycle regulation, telomere maintenance, susceptibility to apoptosis, intercellular adhesion and regulation of immune responses. (malaimare.ro)
PTEN regulates cell growth, apoptosis and proliferation. (onljbioinform.com)

Cancers occur when a buildup of mutations in critical genes-those that control cell growth and division or repair damaged DNA-allow cells to grow and divide uncontrollably to form a tumor. (medlineplus.gov)
Most of these mutations change single protein building blocks (amino acids) in the p53 protein, which reduces or eliminates the protein's tumor suppressor function. (medlineplus.gov)
Cancer is a complex genetic disease caused by abnormal alteration (mutations) in DNA sequences that leads to dyregulation of normal cellular processes thereby driving tumor growth. (intechopen.com)
Herein we selected a Mendelian genetics form of familial cancer such as hereditary tumor syndromic endocrine neoplasias caused by highly penetrant germline mutations leading to pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma syndromes. (intechopen.com)
In the case of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2), gain-of-function germline mutations clustered in specific codons of the RET proto-oncogene increase the risk of developing medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), phaeochromocytoma and parathyroid tumors. (intechopen.com)
Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
Mutations in TP53 can lead to the loss of these functions, inducing uncontrolled cell growth and the promotion of tumor development ( 11 , 12 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Tumour heterogeneity is a phenomenon where each cell that makes up a tumour, contains mutations that differ from that of other cells in the tumour. (scienceopen.com)
Although most mutations in SMARCB1 primarily occur de novo, familial cases have been reported and if inherited leads to a condition called rhabdoid tumor predisposition syndrome (RTPS). (goldenhelix.com)

The positive rate of p53 protein expression was 54.5% (201/369) in the multi‑ethnic group, and was significantly different between sex (P=0.026) and between tumor differentiation groups (P=0.032). (spandidos-publications.com)
The oncogenic signaling pathway includes cellular species that regulate the growth, differentiation, and survival of cells. (american.edu)
We now recognize that tumor suppressor genes regulate diverse cellular activities, including cell cycle checkpoint responses, detection and repair of DNA damage, protein ubiquitination and degradation, mitogenic signaling, cell specification, differentiation and migration, and tumor angiogenesis. (scienceopen.com)
摘要： Objective To investigate the regulatory mechanisms of acetylated p53 in the expression of microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP2) in neuronal differentiation of P19 cells induced by all-trans retinoic acid (RA). (cams.cn)
Conclusions Acetylated p53 may participate in regulating the expression of map2 in RA-induced differentiation of P19 cells. (cams.cn)
Our research has shown that p53 plays an essential role in regulating ESC differentiation after DNA damage by down-regulating the transcription of many ES cell critical genes (Li et al. (nih.gov)
She is investigating two different ligands and their receptive G-protein coupled receptors WNT5A/Frizzle and cysteinyl leukotriene C4/CysLTR2 signaling pathways which both upregulates 15-PGDH and induce re-differentiation of colon cancer cells. (lu.se)

Targeted molecular therapy against EGFR has shown promise as an adjuvant therapy in preliminary studies in several solid tumors, including head and neck cancer. (medscape.com)
Interestingly, evaluated cancer cell lines derived from solid tumors of the lung, breast, prostate, bladder, and colon also demonstrate dysregulation of LDHA activity and dissociation of FLCN-LDHA interaction. (suny.edu)

This was demonstrated by the somatic PTEN deletion in parotid tumors in addition to the germline loss of FLCN , thereby following a model of compound heterozygosity, instead of the classic two-hit mutation. (medscape.com)

The RAC serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT) family of serine/threonine protein kinases, particularly the AKT1 isoform, has been identified abnormally expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, and is highly associated with cell behavior, including proliferation, survival, metabolism, and tumorigenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)
In mouse hepatocytes, p38γ induces proliferation after partial hepatectomy by promoting the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma tumour suppressor protein at known CDK target residues. (nature.com)
Recent studies have found that overexpression of the High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) protein, in conjunction with its receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGEs) and toll-like receptors (TLRs), is associated with proliferation of various cancer types, including that of the breast and pancreatic. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, a number of extracellular proteins can bind to their receptors and activate signaling pathways that promote the proliferation of cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
CyclinE is a cell cycle regulatory protein which regulates the G1-S phase transition during cell proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
To the best of the authors' knowledge, no computational model has been proposed to investigate the importance of HMGB1 in tumor proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
The viral E2 protein regulates transcription of E6 and E7 and thereby has an indirect effect on cell proliferation. (bris.ac.uk)
Abdul Hamid, N, Brown, C & Gaston, K 2009, ' The regulation of cell proliferation by the papillomavirus early proteins ', Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences , vol. 66 (10), pp. 1700 - 1717. (bris.ac.uk)
Hinck's lab has identified a family of cellular proteins that help regulate cell proliferation and migration and act as breast tumor suppressors. (ucsc.edu)

LGL-1 negatively regulates the accumulation of myosin (NMY-2) on the posterior cortex, representing a possible mechanism by which LGL-1 might contribute to polarity maintenance. (biologists.com)
Further investigation has identified heat shock protein 70 as a direct target of let-7c and has demonstrated that the expression of HSP70 in fibroblasts is negatively correlated with let-7c levels. (molcells.org)

One such study found an apparent association between the level of expression of transformation related protein 53 ( TRP53 ) mRNA and the normality of embryo morphology [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Recent genome-wide sequencing studies have shown that CBFB and RUNX1 are highly mutated in about 15% of human breast tumors, making it important to understand their functions in breast cancer. (nih.gov)
Our team has found that CBFB and its binding partner RUNX1 have a tumor-suppressive function in some subtypes of breast tumors by regulating the translation of hundreds of mRNAs (Malik et al. (nih.gov)

The risk is increased 1000-fold for squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, and fibrosarcoma and is increased 10-fold to 20-fold for other tumors. (medscape.com)

E2 also interacts with a variety of host proteins, including the p53 tumour suppressor protein. (bris.ac.uk)

This kinase is a catalytic subunit of the protein kinase complex that is important for cell cycle G1 phase progression and G1/S transition. (cancerindex.org)
Although the molecular mechanisms that regulate autophagy are not fully understood, recent work indicates that dysfunctional/impaired autophagic functions are associated with the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). (hindawi.com)
Researchers have targeted these CSCs therapeutically, hypothesizing that since these CSCs are the 'drivers' of tumour progression, their death may inhibit tumour progression. (scienceopen.com)
These mediators and their receptors are enriched in colon cancer cells and colon cancer tissues, which demonstrate there, contribute to tumor development and progression. (lu.se)
Her focus of research is the role of estrogen and thyroid hormones in colon cancer progression and their effects on inflammatory components of the tumor microenvironment, in a big female cohort. (lu.se)

In some cases, cancerous tumors can invade surrounding tissue and spread to other parts of the body. (medlineplus.gov)
If ovarian cancer spreads, cancerous tumors most often appear in the abdominal cavity or on the surfaces of nearby organs such as the bladder or colon. (medlineplus.gov)
As the cells continue dividing, they may form cancerous tumors, which have the potential to invade other organs. (mentalhelp.net)

Tumors that begin at one site and then spread to other areas of the body are called metastatic cancers. (medlineplus.gov)
In addition, numerous monoterpenes have been proposed to exert potent antitumor action, and some have shown promising results in the prevention and treatment of a variety of cancers in tumor model systems [ 5 , 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
The crosstalk is regulated by tumor suppressor proteins, including ARF, P21 and FBXW7, which are also frequently mutated in many cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
Cellular iron levels and iron associated proteins are differentially expressed in many cancers, and recently, it was reported that high expression levels of iron importer and low levels of iron exporter were associated with a poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. (american.edu)
Subsequent characterization of tumor suppressor proteins revealed their widespread involvement in sporadic cancers and pinpointed key mechanisms that protect animals against tumor development. (scienceopen.com)
Mutants of p53 that frequently occur in a number of different human cancers fail to bind the consensus DNA binding site, and cause the loss of tumor suppressor activity. (thermofisher.com)
Her lab is working to understand how this process is regulated in order to prevent and treat blood disorders, including blood cancers (leukemias and lymphomas). (ucsc.edu)
Our laboratory focusses on how WNT5A expression is regulated in these cancers and deciphering the WNT5A signaling pathways governing cancer cell migration and invasion. (lu.se)

Schwannomin, a member of the 4.1 family of proteins, which are known to link the cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane, has little known function other than its ability to suppress tumor growth. (wustl.edu)
Some of the new approaches depend on tumor biology and aim specifically to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis by targeting the tumor microenvironment or vasculature (leaving normal cells unaffected) or focusing on specific protein or signal transduction pathways. (medscape.com)
The HER (erbB) family of transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinases is one of the cytostatic targets in tumor cell growth and survival. (medscape.com)
Because the altered protein is less able to regulate cell growth and division, a cancerous tumor may develop. (medlineplus.gov)
Furthermore, treatment of s.c xenografts derived from A549 cells with intratumor injections of terpinen-4-ol significantly inhibited tumor growth compared with the control group. (hindawi.com)
If some important proteins are mutated or there are defects in the signaling mechanisms, normal cell growth regulation will break down, possibly leading to the occurrence of cancer in the future. (biomedcentral.com)
HMGB1 can activate a series of signaling components, including mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and AKT, which play an important role in tumor growth and inflammation, through binding to different surface receptors, such as RAGE and TLR2/4. (biomedcentral.com)
The T category informs about tumor growth, depth and stage of adjacent tissues invasion. (biorxiv.org)
The protein is involved in cellular growth and development and has an important role in regulating the cell cycle. (msdmanuals.com)
In the pituitary, adrenocorticotropic hormone-producing adenomas are the most common tumor (33%), whereas tumors that secrete prolactin (24%) or growth hormone (19%) are slightly less common. (msdmanuals.com)
We investigate how the lack of these receptors affects tumour growth and the surrounding tumour microenvironment in different colon cancer models. (lu.se)

The tumor microenvironment in the context of colon cancer and with a focus on the inflammatory mediators leukotriene D 4 (LTD 4 ) and prostaglandins (PGE 2 ) and their respective receptors. (lu.se)
Our aim is to generate solid support for novel and complementary treatments of colon cancer patients that focus on the inflammatory component of the tumor microenvironment. (lu.se)
Her focus is to target the tumor microenvironment for developing new and effective therapeutic strategies. (lu.se)

Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 4 (MEN 4) is an autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by adenomas and sometimes hyperplasia of the parathyroid glands and tumors of the pancreatic islet cells and/or pituitary gland. (msdmanuals.com)

Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors. (spandidos-publications.com)
HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins are the critical molecules in the process of malignant tumour formation. (malaimare.ro)
Malignant Rhabdoid tumors (MRT) are among the most aggressive and lethal forms of infant and child cancer (1). (goldenhelix.com)
Rare malignant tumors require resection, as well as, possibly, adjunctive therapy and referral to an oncologist. (medscape.com)

In the early embryo, a myosin II-dependent contraction of the cortical meshwork asymmetrically distributes the highly conserved PDZ proteins PAR-3 and PAR-6, as well as an atypical protein kinase C (PKC-3), to the anterior. (biologists.com)

After the degradation of damaged proteins and lipids, amino acids and fatty acids are released into the cytoplasm and recycled for new biosynthesis of cellular components or energy production [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)

Using yeast two-hybrid interaction cloning, we identified the HGF-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate (HRS) as a schwannomin interactor. (wustl.edu)
Neuronal loss of the serine-threonine protein kinase Tao , a regulator of the Hippo signaling pathway, results in supernumerary boutons, each of which contain a normal number of active zones. (sdbonline.org)
Phosphorylation of the Mdm2 oncoprotein by the c-Abl tyrosine kinase regulates p53 tumor suppression and the radiosensitivity of mice. (umassmed.edu)
The PAR proteins include the PDZ domain-containing PAR-3 and PAR-6, the atypical protein kinase PKC-3, the serine/threonine kinase PAR-1 and, in nematodes, the putative ubiquitin E3 ligase PAR-2. (biologists.com)
This kinase, as well as CDK4, has been shown to phosphorylate, and thus regulate the activity of, tumor suppressor protein Rb. (cancerindex.org)
The cell cycle is a tightly regulated process that is controlled by the conserved cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-cyclin protein complex 1 . (nature.com)
Here we demonstrate that p38 MAPK gamma (p38γ) acts as a CDK-like kinase and thus cooperates with CDKs, regulating entry into the cell cycle. (nature.com)
The protein interaction landscape of the human CMGC kinase group. (nature.com)
These complexes interact with 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) that is part of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, which is involved in cellular energy, cytokinesis, cell motility, cellular adhesion, and nutrient sensing. (medscape.com)

In this form of cancer, certain cells in the ovary become abnormal and multiply uncontrollably to form a tumor . (medlineplus.gov)
Cancer cells can also spread to other parts of the body, forming new tumors. (mentalhelp.net)
The pTNM stage is a system of stage classification proposed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer which determines the degree of tumor development according with the T, N and M categories. (biorxiv.org)
Multiple or bilateral renal carcinomas have been reported in association with this syndrome, most commonly hybrid oncocytic tumors with features of chromophobe renal carcinoma (50%), followed by chromophobe renal cancer, clear cell renal carcinoma, and renal oncocytoma. (medscape.com)
Previous studies demonstrated that p53 was highly expressed in esophageal cancer tissue and was associated with tumor malignancy ( 15 - 17 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
However, other previous studies reported that the expression of p53 protein had no significant association with the prognosis of esophageal cancer ( 18 , 19 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The clonal evolution and cancer stem cell theories of cancer formation, have been used to explain tumour heterogeneity. (scienceopen.com)
While the clonal evolution theory argues that all cells within a tumour possess this ability, the cancer stem cell theory argues that only a few cells (cancer stem cells or CSCs) within the tumour possess this ability to seed the tumour in a different location. (scienceopen.com)
Molecular genetic studies of familial cancer syndromes identified and defined the recessive nature of tumor suppressor genes and resolved the paradox of why tumors arising in such families exhibited an autosomally dominant pattern of inheritance. (scienceopen.com)
Tumour suppressor protein, p53, prevents cancer development by eliminating cells with mutagenic alterations or potential for neoplastic transformation or blocking their cell cycle permanently or by transient DNA repair [3C5]. (nanoker-society.org)
HCC tissues derived from chemical-induced rat liver cancer models validated that miR-31 manifestation is significantly down-regulated, and that those cell cycle- and EMT-regulatory proteins are deregulated in rat liver cancer. (nos-nop.org)
Consequently, we hypothesized that some cancer-driver genes targeted by miR-31 are up-regulated in HCC as miR-31 was down-regulated in Anisole Methoxybenzene HCC. (nos-nop.org)
The Haussler lab's cancer genomics program provides a complete pipeline for analysis of DNA and RNA sequences from tumor samples. (ucsc.edu)
Recent work has shown that these proteins are also involved in hormonal regulation of breast cancer cells. (ucsc.edu)
It acts as a tumor suppressor and when the protein is lost, cells can undergo unscheduled replication, which may eventually lead to cancer. (msdmanuals.com)
Lubnas research is mainly focused on the tumor suppressor protein 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase which is known to be down-regulated in colon cancer. (lu.se)
For example, in breast cancer loss of WNT5A protein is associated with poor survival. (lu.se)
Impact of TMPRSS2 Expression, Mutation Prognostics, and Small Molecule (CD, AD, TQ, and TQFL12) Inhibition on Pan-Cancer Tumors and Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. (cdc.gov)

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (umassmed.edu)
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2" by people in this website by year, and whether "Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (umassmed.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2" by people in Profiles. (umassmed.edu)

In Drosophila, Hpo and Warts kinases are core components of this pathway and function as tumor suppressors by inhibiting Yorkie (Yki) . (sdbonline.org)
This study shows that Schip1 , a Drosophila homolog of the mammalian Schwannomin interacting protein 1 (SCHIP1), provides a link between Ex and Hpo. (sdbonline.org)
One example is the conserved Drosophila tumor-suppressor protein Lethal giant larvae (Lgl). (biologists.com)
A protein complex network of Drosophila melanogaster . (nature.com)
They were originally identified as a class of proteins that are related to the mothers against decapentaplegic protein, Drosophila and sma proteins from CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS. (bvsalud.org)

Mdm2 Phosphorylation Regulates Its Stability and Has Contrasting Effects on Oncogene and Radiation-Induced Tumorigenesis. (umassmed.edu)
The oncoprotein Mdm2, and the recently intensely studied, homologues protein Mdmx, are principal negative regulators of the p53 tumor suppressor. (rcsb.org)
To achieve full activation of p53 in tumor cells, compounds that are specific for Mdmx are necessary to complement the Mdm2 specific binders. (rcsb.org)
The study suggests the possibility of MDM2 protein was downregulated and its suppression subsequently activates the expression of p53 during inhibition of UCK2 enzyme. (nanoker-society.org)
p53 is regulated by human double minute 2 (MDM2), an E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets and binds to p53 promoting ubiquitination and degradation of the protein [6,7]. (nanoker-society.org)
Overexpression of MDM2 leads to inactivation of p53 tumour protein, thereby diminishing its tumour suppressor function [8]. (nanoker-society.org)
Nonetheless, MDM2 is in turn regulated by ribosomal proteins (RPs) that binds and suppress the MDM2 E3 ubiquitin ligase activity resulting in the stabilization and activation of p53 [9]. (nanoker-society.org)

Autophagy is a cellular catabolic process that eliminates damaged cell organelles, unfolded proteins, and various intracellular pathogens through lysosomal degradation. (hindawi.com)
In general, autophagy degrades long-lived damaged intracellular proteins, in contrast to the ubiquitin-proteasome system, which controls the degradation of short-lived proteins [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
p38γ and δ promote heart hypertrophy by targeting the mTOR-inhibitory protein DEPTOR for degradation. (nature.com)

Using the PubMed database, Cochrane Library and Web of Science, studies published in English evaluating miRs differentially expressed in tumor tissue and significantly associated with the prognostic aspects of CRC were selected. (biorxiv.org)

Human papillomavirus oncogenic E6 protein regulates human β-defensin 3 (hBD3) expression via the tumor suppressor protein p53. (antikoerper-online.de)
p53 is up-regulated in response to stress signals and stimulated to activate transcription of specific genes, resulting in expression of p21waf1 and other proteins involved in G1 or G2/M arrest. (thermofisher.com)
The expression of mRNA p53 was up regulated in mice received DPE 125 mg/kg BW. (biomedcentral.com)
Role of Acetylated p53 in Regulating the Expression of map2 in Retinoic Acid-induced P19 Cells[J].Chinese Medical Sciences Journal, 2010, 25(2): 71-75. (cams.cn)

Babu, M., Krogan, N.J., Awrey, D.E., Emili, A. & Greenblatt, J.F. Systematic characterization of the protein interaction network and protein complexes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using tandem affinity purification and mass spectrometry. (nature.com)

In studies during the early 1990's, Gregg Semenza identified, and then in 1995 purified and cloned, a transcription factor that regulates these oxygen-dependent responses. (nobelprize.org)
The tumor suppressor protein, p53, is a sequence specific transcription factor that is activated by cellular stress. (thermofisher.com)
Rapid immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry of endogenous protein (RIME) is a method that allows the study of protein complexes, in particular chromatin and transcription factor complexes, in a rapid and robust manner by mass spectrometry (MS). The method can be used in parallel with chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) experiments to provide information on both the cistrome and interactome for a given protein. (nature.com)

In metazoans, cell polarity is mediated in part by a conserved set of regulatory proteins, known collectively as the PAR (partitioning-defective) proteins. (biologists.com)
metastatic potential of HCC cells by selectively regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulatory proteins such as N-cadherin, E-cadherin, vimentin and fibronectin. (nos-nop.org)
Overall, we suggest that miR-31 functions like a tumor suppressor by selectively regulating cell cycle and EMT regulatory proteins in human being hepatocarcinogenesis providing a novel target FANCG for the molecular treatment of liver malignancies. (nos-nop.org)

The most frequent tumor suppressor miRs were miR-126, miR-199b and miR-22 and the hypoexpression of these miRs was associated with distant metastasis, worse prognosis and a higher risk of disease relapse (worse disease-free survival). (biorxiv.org)

Nature Communications, 2019) and collaborating with the tumor suppressor p53 (Malik et al. (nih.gov)

Occupational exposure limits with proteins such as topoisomerase inhibitors, and mitotic and meiotic spindle poisons. (cdc.gov)

Folliculin (FLCN) is tumor suppressor protein whose function remains a topic of debate. (suny.edu)
Taken together, inhibition of LDHA by the tumor suppressor FLCN provides a mechanistic explanation for the endogenous regulation of glycolysis. (suny.edu)

The detection of mutant p53 protein by immunohistochemistry (IHC) has some limitations. (spandidos-publications.com)

The mechanisms by which they regulate the stability and activity of p53 are not fully established. (rcsb.org)

Specific tissue miRs are shown to be promising prognostic biomarkers in patients with CRC, given their strong association with the prognostic aspects of these tumors, however, new studies are necessary to establish the sensibility and specificity of the miRs in order to use them in clinical practice. (biorxiv.org)
S100B is released from brain tissue into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood following brain damage of different origin, i.e., brain infarction, intracerebral or subarachnoidal hemorrhage, neurotrauma and large intracerebral tumors. (biovendor.com)
In the AMP guidelines interface the patient and sample information was entered and Central Nervous System/Brain was selected for the Tissue with Rhabdoid Meningioma (RHM) selected as the Tumor Type, Figure 2. (goldenhelix.com)
However, most GEP studies have typically been performed on whole tissue samples, containing varying degrees of tumor cell content, which results in uncertainties in data analysis. (lu.se)

Phosphorylation of Ser392 in p53 has been shown to associate with the formation of human tumors. (thermofisher.com)

The survival of patients with CRC is directly associated with the pathological stage (pTNM) of the disease which is determined after microscope analysis of the sample obtained by biopsy or surgical resection of the tumor 2 , 3 . (biorxiv.org)
The five yr Anisole Methoxybenzene survival rate was significantly decreased in patient with low level of miR-31 manifestation in the tumor cells (Log-rank = 0.0015*) (C) The qRT-PCR analysis for 9 paired HCC cells. (nos-nop.org)

The fact that and are up-regulated in HCC led us to hypothesize that normal and expressions are balanced by endogenous miR-31, which selectively regulates and mRNA translation in normal hepatic liver cells. (nos-nop.org)

Cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation regulates the activity of pRB. (wikipedia.org)

For example, viral infection, stress and the regulation of other proteins can also change the aggregation of p53 protein ( 20 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
This CAC is associated with the cell cycle and its regulation is affected by the tumor suppressor proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
De-regulation of this protein is also involved in several other diseases. (onljbioinform.com)

Patients may exhibit neurologic deficits secondary to tumor emboli. (medscape.com)
Rapid blood and lymphatic spread and breast tumor emboli are the main features ofIBC 4 . (bvsalud.org)

Several anterograde and retrograde signaling pathways, including the canonical Bone Morphogenic Protein (BMP) pathway , regulate synaptic development in vertebrates and invertebrates. (sdbonline.org)
The cell cycle is strictly regulated and controlled by a complex network of signaling pathways [ 1 ], comprised of hundreds of proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Cellular signaling pathways are networks of genes, proteins, enzymes, cytokines, and other cellular species that "communicate" in order to govern the basic functions of cells. (american.edu)

Immunoprecipitation of mTOR protein from MCF-7 cell extracts. (cellsignal.com)

Similarly, TP53 mutation does not always lead to the accumulation of p53 protein in cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
The theories both point to the existence of cells within a tumour that are capable of initiating the tumour in a different location. (scienceopen.com)
Extraction of total protein Total protein was extracted from lysed HT-29 cells in an appropriate volume of ProteoJET mammalian cell lysis reagent (Fermentas, Burlington, ON, Canada). (nanoker-society.org)
MiR-31 was significantly down-regulated compared to related non-tumor cells. (nos-nop.org)
As demonstrated in Fig. ?Fig.2B,2B, knockdown augmented HDAC2 and CDK2 protein expressions in SNU-449 and SKHep-1 cells, whereas co-transfection of miR-31 mimics attenuated knockdown effect on the same cells. (nos-nop.org)
GEP analyses were performed on highly purified, flow-cytometry sorted tumor-cells from eight subgroups of BCLs. (lu.se)
This enabled identification of TFs that can be uniquely associated to the tumor cells of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), hairy cell leukemia (HCL), and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). (lu.se)

The neurofibromatosis 2 tumor suppressor protein schwannomin/merlin is commonly mutated in schwannomas and meningiomas. (wustl.edu)
These kidney tumors exhibit an elevated glycolytic phenotype even in the presence of oxygen, an observation commonly known as the "Warburg effect. (suny.edu)

RBBP6 has been shown to interact with Y box binding protein 1. (wikipedia.org)
However, prior to these integration events, E2 can interact directly with the E6 and E7 proteins and modulate their activities. (bris.ac.uk)

Anatomy17

Organisms8

Diseases31

Chemicals and Drugs96

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment29

Phenomena and Processes75

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care1

Inserting genes1

Gene27

Apoptosis12

Mutations9

Differentiation7

Solid tumors2

PTEN1

Proliferation9

Negatively2

Transformation-related protein 531

Breast tumors2

Melanoma1

Interacts1

Progression5

Cancerous tumors3

Cancers8

Growth11

Microenvironment3

Pancreatic islet1

Malignant4

Highly conserved1

Amino acids1

Kinase9

Cancer18

Proto-Oncogene3

Drosophila5

Mdm27

Degradation3

Differentially expressed1

Expression4

Characterization1

Transcription3

Regulatory proteins3

Metastasis1

20191

Inhibitors1

FLCN2

Mutant p531

Mechanisms1

Tissue4

Human1

Survival2

MRNA1

Phosphorylation1

Regulation3

Emboli2

Pathways3

MTOR1

Cells7

Commonly2

Interact2