Reforms developing countries. Medical search. Frequent questions

Some experts argue that developing and emerging economies need $2.4 trillion per year to meet global climate challenges. (hellenicshippingnews.com)
It also tracks taxes on energy use in those countries and in a selection of developing and emerging economies. (oecd.org)

A Review of Administrative Reforms in Developing Countries: Why the Limited Success? (macrothink.org)
changes and administrative reforms in taxand public revenue systems. (routledge.com)

Historically, developing countries have used some of the fiscal gains from reforms to fund other policy initiatives. (worldnewsintel.com)
Facing macroeconomic stressors on top of a fragile peace, many countries found themselves balancing precariously between tipping points, knowing that interventions that might ease economic tension may push dangerously close to a political precipice, while those designed to alleviate social unrest may drive the country deeper into fiscal crisis. (cgdev.org)
[2] This paper applies these lessons to the specific issue of fuel subsidy reform, a policy option under consideration to manage mounting fiscal pressure in countries as diverse as Sudan and Lebanon. (cgdev.org)
With fuel subsidy reforms, success will be measured not only in fiscal savings, but also in the degree to which governments can navigate a tricky political course and minimize welfare loss, particularly for the poor. (cgdev.org)
or decades worth of interventions intended to improve fiscal management, reduce corruption or introduce efficient public sector service delivery in African countries. (harvard.edu)
Andrews uses examples to prove this point, ranging from efforts to introduce fiscal rules in Argentina to reforms aimed at international accounting standard adoption in many African countries, and anti corruption interventions in Malawi and Uganda. (harvard.edu)
In a context of economic slowdown in the Andean Region, a structural and transformative fiscal reform agenda is needed to achieve a new model of sustainable development centered on equality, environmental sustainability and the realization of human rights. (cesr.org)
This was geared towards examining the state of debates on fiscal reform in the Andean countries and the initiatives and strategies being implemented by civil society actors, including social movements. (cesr.org)
Based on the input provided by more than 50 organizations and experts, the outcome report offers a road map for civil society action seeking to achieve progressive and structural fiscal reforms. (cesr.org)
While abundant economic literature exists examining fiscal rules, principles and strategies to strengthen the management of these revenues, attention to the role of fiscal policy and taxation in achieving sustainable development, reducing socio-economic inequality and fulfilling human rights in resource-rich countries has been paid much less attention. (cesr.org)
We estimate the effects on growth of nine fiscal reform episodes in seven high-income countries using the Synthetic Control Method. (ssrn.com)
These episodes are selected using an indicator-based approach applied to the evaluation of growth-friendly fiscal reforms during 1975-2010. (ssrn.com)
Our findings also suggest that inequality is not affected by the growth-friendly fiscal reforms analyzed in this paper. (ssrn.com)
Based on a panel data for EU-27 from 1990 to 2017, this paper develops a novel three-steps framework to assess the dynamic effects of discretionary fiscal policy on income distribution and inequality. (lu.se)

Moreover, financial reforms are effective in reducing income inequality in periods when there is no financial crisis. (unu.edu)

In their Summit declaration , BRICS leaders demanded a bigger say in global affairs, repeatedly calling for "greater representation of emerging markets and developing countries" in international institutions, underscoring the urgency of reforming the IMF's governance structure. (brettonwoodsproject.org)
There is an urgency to the reforms. (brookings.edu)

Our paper explores the distributional consequences of financial liberalization reforms implemented over the past four decades in 64 emerging and low-income countries. (unu.edu)
WASHINGTON, DC -Today's shutdown of the World Trade Organization's (WTO) enforcement regime comes after decades of the WTO's negotiating function failing to deliver needed reforms to scale back the organization's anti-democratic overreach into scores of countries' domestic policies. (citizen.org)
The IMF Structural Reform Database, covering 90 advanced and developing economies over the past four decades, measures how markets work in five broad areas: trade, domestic finance, external finance, product market and labor market. (worldnewsintel.com)
For two decades, the country's economic agenda was led by oil and gas exploration, which provided Kazakhstan with the funds needed to modernize its economy at a time when the country had few other marketable resources. (cacianalyst.org)
The coming decades will see the largest urban expansion in history, concentrated in emerging markets and developing countries. (brookings.edu)
Over these four decades the country has seen economic, social and cultural transformation on a scale and at a speed unprecedented in human history. (lu.se)
By bringing together scholars from China, Europe and elsewhere, this event aims to provide a much needed forum to reflect on, and assess, the legacy of China's four decades of reforms from an interdisciplinary perspective. (lu.se)

Lipton concludes that careful and recent work in Africa and elsewhere confirms that, "mainly due to the IR plus land scarcity, redistributive land reform in developing countries normally increases farm output. (wikipedia.org)
The crisis creates an opportunity to demand further structural and systemic reforms for redistributive justice. (unu.edu)

Taking the business cycle into account shows that it would be more beneficial for developing countries to implement financial reforms when the economy is growing relatively slowly. (unu.edu)
For example, the debt reduction associated with reforms is larger when governments are better at collecting taxes, have higher initial debt, and implement reforms during an economic expansion. (worldnewsintel.com)
Lessons from these experiences suggest that reform limits can be overcome by focusing interventions on problem solving, and promoting incremental and localized processes to find solutions, involving multiple agents who can authorize and implement reforms. (harvard.edu)
Australia welcomes the progress made in developing the framework for engagement with non-State actors and reiterates the need to implement the framework as a matter of priority. (who.int)

The results favour countries with better institutional quality. (unu.edu)
Specific emphasis lies on the informal institutional context of reform, as well as leadership structures within government-wide networks. (harvard.edu)
Institutional reforms are common across the globe. (harvard.edu)
Institutional reform can only work if it is tailored to the local context. (harvard.edu)
The Limits of Institutional Reform in Development points to the singular inability of international donors to promote their vision of good government, and explains how this is rooted in their failure to understand local context. (harvard.edu)
They can support policy and institutional reforms and build institutional capacity, enhance the quality of projects and programs, and scale up for transformative change. (brookings.edu)

WASHINGTON, October 21, 2019 - Four countries in Sub-Saharan Africa are among the top ten reformers worldwide promoting favorable regulations for farmers in the areas measured, a report issued by the World Bank finds. (worldbank.org)
Retractions and predatory publishing (as the country share in sources discontinued by Scopus, 2010-2019). (lu.se)

The underlying issue we face in economic structural reform is how to strike a balance between the role of the government and that of the market, and we should follow more closely the rules of the market and better play the role of the government. (chinadaily.com.cn)

Security sector reform addresses two main challenges: (1) assisting institutions capable of providing security for the state and its citizens and (2) ensuring appropriate governance of these institutions in accordance with the principles of democracy and civilian oversight. (cmi.no)
In each of these areas, he identified specific challenges that affect reform progress, and announced specific efforts to alleviate them. (cacianalyst.org)
Andrews uses these examples to discuss ways in which reforms can actually provide realistic solutions to governance challenges in developing countries. (harvard.edu)
Calvin University is a post-secondary educational institution and ministry of the Christian Reformed Church in North America (CRCNA) that challenges students to think deeply, act justly, and live wholeheartedly. (crcna.org)
We provide a wide array of financial products and technical assistance, and we help countries share and apply innovative knowledge and solutions to the challenges they face. (worldbank.org)
India and four other members of the BRICS grouping on Thursday sought a "comprehensive reform" of the United Nations, including the Security Council, to make it more democratic and efficient, to adequately respond to pressing global challenges and meet the aspirations of developing countries. (telegraphindia.com)
The reform, the bloc said, will increase the representation of developing countries in the Council's memberships so that it can adequately respond to prevailing global challenges and support the legitimate aspirations of emerging and developing countries from Africa, Asia and Latin America, including Brazil, India and South Africa, to play a greater role in international affairs, in particular in the United Nations, including its Security Council. (telegraphindia.com)
Australia acknowledges the progress made in governance reform to date, however recognises the remaining challenges in implementing long term reform, particularly those challenges that impede change at all three levels of the Organization. (who.int)
The thesis also sheds light on the viable strategies still available to developing countries to meet the challenges associated with developing an accounting profession in the globalised era. (lu.se)

Below, we provide an overview of fuel subsidies and fuel subsidy reform, with particular attention to the opportunities for reform and obstacles to its success. (cgdev.org)
Both developing and developed countries need to phase out inefficient fossil fuel subsidies. (eurasiareview.com)
Despite the many benefits of phasing out fossil-fuel subsidies, reform efforts have been hampered by a lack of information on the support measures in place, particularly in OECD countries. (eurasiareview.com)
The Inventory furthers transparency and accountability, providing estimates that will help governments and stakeholders assess these policies as they look at ways to reform subsidies. (eurasiareview.com)
Piecemeal trade reform in presence of producer-specific domestic subsidies ," Economics Letters , Elsevier, vol. 39(1), pages 65-71, May. (repec.org)
Piecemeal Trade Reform in Presence of Producer-Specific Domestic Subsidies ," Staff General Research Papers Archive 1575, Iowa State University, Department of Economics. (repec.org)

The Biden administration is pushing the World Bank as a "credible alternative" to China's overseas lending, which U.S. officials say is often not transparent and often uses collateralized loans that pose risks to countries later. (hellenicshippingnews.com)
It knows how to develop the country according to China's real conditions. (chinadaily.com.cn)
2018 marked the fortieth anniversary of the initiation of China's 'Reform and Opening' period. (lu.se)

Based on data collected between July 2016 and June 2018, more than half of reforms affecting farmers were enacted in the areas of protecting plant health , supplying seed and accessing finance , says the report. (worldbank.org)

Building on the initiatives developed by his predecessor, President Tokayev has implemented plans that serve to diversify Kazakhstan's economy. (cacianalyst.org)
Economic reform has long been the cornerstone of Kazakhstan's reform agenda. (cacianalyst.org)

The goals and commitments for the current quota review have been on the table with similar language for at least 15 years, namely, continuing "the process of IMF governance reform, including a new quota formula as a guide" and ensuring "the primary role of quotas in IMF resources. (brettonwoodsproject.org)
As detailed in the WHO Reform Stage 2 Evaluation Report, governance reform requires more than short term efforts and a Secretariat centric approach to change. (who.int)
and · relevant EB agenda papers and proposals put forward by the Secretariat to progress governance reform. (who.int)

Due to the large gap in how well markets function between advanced and developing economies, there is considerable scope for governments to use market reforms as a policy lever to revitalize growth and reduce debt burdens in developing economies. (worldnewsintel.com)
His research focuses on public sector reform, particularly budgeting and financial management reform, and participatory governance in developing and transitional governments. (harvard.edu)
In the first half of the book, Andrews argues that reforms fail to make governments better when they are introduced as signals to gain short-term support--from donors and others. (harvard.edu)
Examples include local government reforms in Rwanda, anti corruption initiatives in Indonesia, and a variety of initiatives ranging from results based management to civil service modernization and internal control regime adoption in governments like Kenya, Kosovo and Afghanistan. (harvard.edu)
Although it is up to governments to decide which regulatory changes are the most feasible, countries that have efficient regulatory processes in agriculture tend to have higher productivity. (worldbank.org)

President Tokayev's reform efforts continue and accelerate the reform strategies set out by Nazarbayev. (cacianalyst.org)
The report underscores the need to accelerate reforms to tackle outdated legal provisions that do not meet farmers' needs and remove bureaucratic obstacles that stifle business processes. (worldbank.org)

Since the beginning of the 20th century, where we usualIy can find the roots of school psychology, but since the end of World War II in particular, school psychology has developed into both a system of psychological services for schools (children, teachers, parents, administration) and a distinctive discipline within psychological sciences. (bvsalud.org)
Tobacco and alcohol use and consumption of foods high in fat, sugar, salt, and calories contribute to a substantial proportion of chronic disease deaths, yet most of the nation's regulatory approaches to these products were developed in the first half of the 20th century. (cdc.gov)

Chapter 1 analyses the goals of stakeholders involved in land reform: public authorities, landowners, farmers and other directly affected persons as well as the goals for land reform advocated by outsiders, from aid donors to economists and philosophers. (wikipedia.org)
This study analyses the role of certain structural reforms in improving labour productivity in 35 developing countries over the period of 1990-2014. (ciaonet.org)

This research developed out of his work in the provincial government of Kwa-Zulu Natal in South Africa and more recently from his tenure as a Public Sector Specialist working in the Europe and Central Asia Region of the World Bank. (harvard.edu)
Sub-Saharan Africa accounted for about 30% of the reforms, followed closely by Europe and Central Asia. (industryweek.com)
It is also the last opportunity to address the demographic transitions occurring in the developing world, especially in Africa. (brookings.edu)

The first BRICS expansion in 13 years is set to double the group's membership and extend its global reach, adding new pressure for reform of the IMF, which is currently engaged in its 16th General Review of Quotas, due to be completed by December 2023. (brettonwoodsproject.org)

This chapter looks at the trade-offs and how various types of claimed land reform affect these goals and others, notably poverty reduction, sustainability, economic efficiency and economic growth. (wikipedia.org)
Chapter 2 explores the impact of land reform and land policy on farm and non-farm growth and efficiency. (wikipedia.org)
Emerging markets and developing economies not only need to reignite growth and secure a full recovery, but they also must manage rising debt and other policy considerations. (worldnewsintel.com)
Many hard-hit developing countries have slow growth, high inflation, and unsustainable debt, which undermine development prospects and prevent them from investing in health, education, infrastructure, and the energy transition. (globalissues.org)
From the local projection method, our results show that structural reforms have a positive impact on productivity growth in the short and medium terms. (ciaonet.org)
Taking the business cycle into account in estimates shows that structural reforms stimulate labour productivity growth better in periods of low economic growth. (ciaonet.org)
Before the current global recession, many resource-rich African countries were recording unprecedented levels of growth due to a raw material price boom. (ciaonet.org)
The International Monetary Fund said in a report early in October that India was poised for the fastest growth of any other emerging-market economy this year, at 7.3%, thanks in part to policy reforms. (industryweek.com)
We find that in reform countries the annual growth rate of real GDP was on average about 1 percentage point above their synthetic units 10 years after each respective reform. (ssrn.com)
Results are broadly robust to controlling for structural reforms on business regulation, financial market, labor market, and legal and product markets, which may also affect growth. (ssrn.com)
What explains growth differences among rich countries and how are efficiency promoting reforms implemented? (lu.se)

Regulatory changes and other market reforms can ease this challenge, as we outline in a new staff discussion note. (worldnewsintel.com)
47 out of 101 countries measured implemented 67 regulatory reforms over two years making it easier for farmers to manage pest outbreaks, get quality seeds and access credit to invest in production. (worldbank.org)

They can take clear steps to help ease the pain faced by billions of ordinary people worldwide and in their own countries. (oxfam.org)
Surprisingly, the COVID-19 pandemic did not do much to force Tokayev's focus away from his long-term reforms, despite the billions of dollars spent on income assistance and other anti-crisis packages. (cacianalyst.org)

With detailed information of over 250 mechanisms that support fossil fuel production and use in OECD countries, the Inventory will be updated regularly and expanded over time to cover more countries and more support mechanisms. (eurasiareview.com)
Overall, the support to fossil-fuel production and consumption in OECD countries was USD 45 - 75 billion annually during the 2005 - 2010 period. (eurasiareview.com)
In order to reduce fossil fuel use and avoid locking in fossil-fuel based capacity, reforms need to be accelerated. (oecd.org)

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This work can draw on a rich set of OECD tools and expertise in policy advice across all relevant areas of government and sectors of the economy, to support countries for the significant policy reform required to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. (oecd.org)

We should not forget the CPC, with its 80 million members, has developed China into the second largest economy from a country in poverty, torn by civil wars and foreign invaders in 70 years' time. (chinadaily.com.cn)
The end goal of this vision was a Kazakhstani economy that is stable, diversified, and competitive throughout the 21st century - an economy that would ideally land among the top 30 most developed economies in the world by 2050. (cacianalyst.org)
Revenue enhancing tariff reform ," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv) , Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 130(1), pages 175-190, March. (repec.org)
Tariff Reform in a Small Open Economy with Public Production ," International Economic Review , Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 33(1), pages 209-222, February. (repec.org)
It has proposed IP enforcement reforms, though even the Chamber of Commerce President notes 'people are entitled to eat, and in an economy as bad as this one is now, people are finding creative ways to survive and are choosing the path of least resistance. (michaelgeist.ca)
Education and research institutions cannot avoid the effects of corruption if a country already suffers from low transparency in all areas of society and the economy. (lu.se)

Piecemeal tax reforms and the compensated radial elasticities of tax bases ," Journal of Public Economics , Elsevier, vol. 45(2), pages 263-270, July. (repec.org)

It very clearly says that there are actions that can be done now while we consider other more long-term reforms to the bank. (hellenicshippingnews.com)
The push for greater investment is in line with the UN Secretary-General's call for an SDG Stimulus , aimed at scaling up affordable long-term financing for countries in need by at least US$500 billion a year. (globalissues.org)

Countries, regions and cities must work together to tackle climate change. (oecd.org)

2021) Economic Reform Program and Social Costs in Egypt as a Developing Country. (iaras.org)
We estimate that by 2027 LDCs and other low-income countries will need US$220 billion in external financing, 30% higher than the US$172 billion they needed in 2021. (globalissues.org)

The report also provides an overview of Norwegian support to security sector reform. (cmi.no)
The final section provides suggestions and recommendations for the future role of security sector reform in Norwegian support to peace building and development. (cmi.no)
The group's attempt to shift the global balance of power is gaining support in the Global South, where many countries feel marginalised by an international system they see as dominated by the US and its wealthy allies. (brettonwoodsproject.org)
The World Bank, IMF, and UN can each support aspects of the reform agenda, but to ensure success of the whole, coordination among the three in their interactions with government will be essential. (cgdev.org)
and (iii) reforms to the international financial architecture that are needed to support this boost in investment, and to make the system more equitable and fit for purpose. (globalissues.org)
Results support the error correction framework, but point to very substantial heterogeneity between countries. (ciaonet.org)
Covering 24 countries, which account for about 95% of OECD's total primary energy supply, the Inventory shows that 54% of this support was for petroleum. (eurasiareview.com)
including, better communication, night presence by peacekeeping troops, psychosocial training, programs which support women in conflict, community building, ensuring that peacekeepers can identify and report early warning signs of sexual violence, helping to build country capacity to monitor and report, training at military camps to understand sexual violence and facilitating a study on the economic impact of sexual violence. (undispatch.com)
Yesterday, and continuing today, the GA held a debate on the annual report of the Security Council and Security Council reform - the latter of which has been the subject of significant press attention due to Obama's statement indicating his support for India as a Council member. (undispatch.com)
I support paid sick leave for workers consistent with standards of other industrialized countries. (gp.org)
Also, health reforms in Pakistan for developing health of mothers and newborns showed that beneficiaries should support evidence-based interventions for the sake of health of mothers and newborns. (ejournals.ca)
Results show that reforms have had a positive impact on maternal and child health indicators and the status of realization of indicators has reached an acceptable level through execution of reform and the main reasons for improvement in indicators are: extension of health system, increase in labour force, and more support by government for health system. (ejournals.ca)
The BRICS grouping called on the international community to support countries in working together towards post-pandemic economic recovery. (telegraphindia.com)
The five nations called on developed countries to lead by example and support developing countries towards such transitions. (telegraphindia.com)
They stressed the need for support of developed countries to developing countries for access to existing and emerging low-emission technologies and solutions that avoid, abate and remove greenhouse gas emissions and enhance adaptation action to address climate change. (telegraphindia.com)
In a recent paper , prepared jointly with the Center for Global Development and the Overseas Development Institute at the behest of the Eminent Persons Group, we assess the role of the multilateral development system and the reforms needed to support the new global agenda. (brookings.edu)
Australia considers that the Secretariat and Member States should be working as equal parties in reform and continues to support active participation from Member States in addition to the Secretariat and WHO staff, to ensure a collective responsibility in implementing reform. (who.int)

The OECD is working with Member and Partner countries as well as other international and regional organisations, to identify and evaluate economically efficient and socially responsible policy pathways to achieve net-zero emissions at the global, national and city/regional level. (oecd.org)
The OECD measures carbon prices applicable to CO2-emissions from energy use in 44 OECD and G20 countries, covering around 80% of CO2-emssions from energy use. (oecd.org)

To understand school psychology in a particular country requires therefore understanding of its conceptual framework. (bvsalud.org)
In developing my thoughts about school psychology, I will use the Slovak and Czech Republics educational context as a framework. (bvsalud.org)
Let us see what psychological service really has developed within the given framework in Slovakia and the Czech Republic. (bvsalud.org)

The World Bank highlighted the world's top 10 'improvers' -- economies that implemented at least three reforms during the past year and moved up the rankings scale: Costa Rica (58), Uganda (122), Kenya (108), Cyprus (47), Mauritania (168), Uzbekistan (87), Kazakhstan (41), Jamaica (64), Senegal (153), and Benin (158). (industryweek.com)

The article summarizes the three country cases in the symposium and highlights their governance findings: health sector reform in China, financial management of health resources in Brazilian municipalities and budget reform in hospitals in Lesotho. (nih.gov)
Companies in financial distress present interrelated insolvency issues in every country in which they hold assets. (lexology.com)

He also finished his review with some further critiques, especially in relation to land reform in India: "Indian readers will find much information in the book about other countries that is not usually available, and a flavour of issues still current elsewhere. (wikipedia.org)
The book does not deal specifically with tribal land issues in India or the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, which is the most recent land reform measure. (wikipedia.org)

In this book, Matt Andrews explains why reform results are frequently limited and suggests ways to overcome these limits. (harvard.edu)
What explains variation in welfare state size among countries, and how does the welfare state affect economic outcomes? (lu.se)

While the political aspects of reforms in Kazakhstan have gained considerable attention, economic reforms are an equally strong focus of President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev's policy agenda. (cacianalyst.org)

O'Rourke M , Hindle D . Mongolia's system wide health reforms: lessons for other developing countries. (cdc.gov)

We should give high priority to rural areas in developing infrastructure and social programs in the country. (chinadaily.com.cn)
Kotilainen H . Rehabilitation of the hospital infrastructure in a developing country. (cdc.gov)

The health impact of raising tobacco taxes in developing countries. (who.int)
Reforms in protecting plant health focused on pest management, with one-third of reforming countries establishing a requirement for citizens to report pest outbreaks. (worldbank.org)
The aim of the study has been designed and implemented aiming at investigating the impact of reform program on maternal and child health indicators in developing countries. (ejournals.ca)
The searched keywords in Farsi databases: health reforms, impact of reforms on health, consequences of health reforms, maternal and child health indicators, and their Latin equivalences on English databases. (ejournals.ca)
The results of national studies showed that after executing health reform program, the rate of cesarean section decreased about 2.5-4% in the country in the first three-month period of execution of the program and total status of realization of indicators was in a desirable level. (ejournals.ca)
Global experiences also show that mortality rate of newborns decreased from 11.1% to 9.1% after reform and promotion of health system in Mozambique. (ejournals.ca)
Keckley PH, Coughlin S. Deloitte 2012 survey of US health care consumers: the performance of the health care system and health care reform. (ejournals.ca)
1World Health Organization, Country Office, Islamabad, Pakistan (Correspondence to K.M. Bile: [email protected]). 2Federal Ministry of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan. (who.int)
One of the surest ways to maximize the chances for health care reform to achieve its aims is to reduce the burden of chronic disease on the nation's health care system. (cdc.gov)
Health care reform legislation promises better access to screening and early intervention for chronic conditions for vulnerable populations. (cdc.gov)
This action jeopardizes prevention of chronic diseases by increasing the flow of people with chronic illnesses into the health care system, making it more difficult for health reform to achieve its objectives. (cdc.gov)
Third, the country needs to offer new incentives to create a built environment that promotes health. (cdc.gov)

Our results indicate significant distributional consequences for both domestic and external finance reforms. (unu.edu)
Unlike in Western countries, high-ranking officials in the post-Soviet states have often avoided resignation and other serious consequences of plagiarism, academic fraud, and similar offences. (lu.se)

It is a comprehensive review of land reform issues in developing countries and focuses on the evidence of which land reforms have worked and which have not. (wikipedia.org)
Prices and cigarette demand: Evidence from youth tobacco use in developing countries. (who.int)

Pakistan was among eight pilot countries implementing this reform initiative. (who.int)
Le Pakistan faisait parti des huit pays pilotes choisis pour mettre en oeuvre cette réforme. (who.int)
Nineteen UN intercountry, regional and global policy, of focus on results, thereby failing the agencies working in Pakistan endorsed strategic and programmatic delibera- aspirations of many developing nations, the Delivering as One arrangement tions on Delivering as One were also especially the vulnerable and the poor for 2009-10 and translated it into five scrutinized. (who.int)

The report, to be published early Wednesday, comes as the United States, China and other World Bank shareholders prepare to meet in Marrakech, Morocco next month to review and advance initial reforms already underway at the bank. (hellenicshippingnews.com)
The rise of middle-income countries (MICs), principally China, means that a quota review that adequately reflects current economic realities would give China a significant quota share, making it the second biggest IMF shareholder, easily overtaking Japan (see Observer Winter 2017 ). (brettonwoodsproject.org)
On the Theory of Piecemeal Tariff Reform: The Case of Pure Imported Intermediate Inputs ," American Economic Review , American Economic Association, vol. 82(3), pages 615-625, June. (repec.org)

We need this because the developing world is pitching off a cliff in terms of debt, available climate finance, development needs," Pelofsky said. (hellenicshippingnews.com)
The BRICS nations opposed the trade barriers, including those under the pretext of tackling climate change imposed by certain developed countries. (telegraphindia.com)
The five nations expressed their concern at any WTO inconsistent discriminatory measure that will distort international trade, risk new trade barriers and shift the burden of addressing climate change and biodiversity loss to BRICS members and developing countries. (telegraphindia.com)

This includes urgently rechanneling special drawing rights through the MDBs, which can then leverage the impact by borrowing on capital markets, building on the model developed by the African Development Bank. (globalissues.org)
In the second half of the book, Andrews notes that there are instances where reforms are not being introduced as signals, and are having more of an impact on government effectiveness. (harvard.edu)

When Congress debated approving the WTO in 1994, proponents claimed that the new organization would not undermine public interest laws, disciplines against unfair trade practices (such as anti-dumping, countervailing duty or safeguard laws) or the needs of developing countries. (citizen.org)
This paper tries to respond to a basic question: "Can public education (or some aspects of it) be reformed? (aku.edu)
The authors' response to this question is, "Yes, public education can be reformed, if contextual possibilities are exploited efficiently. (aku.edu)
the new public management and reform. (routledge.com)
It has major implications for the study of public sector reforms in developing countries. (harvard.edu)
Deep six the World Bank-style public-sector reform blueprints that haven't worked. (harvard.edu)
Public Sector Reform? (irisheconomy.ie)
For example: The private pension fund levy, Lottery win style pensions for senior civil servants, highest paid teachers in Europe, highest paid lecturers in Europe, highest paid public sector middle managers in Europe, one of the most expensive countries in Europe for public utilities. (irisheconomy.ie)
The thesis "Rethinking Accounting Professionalisation in China" provides an in-depth study of the development of the public accounting profession in China since the 'Reform and opening-up' in 1978. (lu.se)
In his doctoral thesis "Rethinking Accounting Professionalisation in China: A Study of the Development of the Chinese Public Accounting Profession since the "Reform and Opening-Up", Wenjun Wen provides new knowledge on how the process of accounting professionalisation in China is more complicated than that recognised in prior studies. (lu.se)
It will also inform those involved with the development of the public accounting professions in other developing countries. (lu.se)
Research on the evolution of public accounting in developing countries is part of an emerging specialisation in accounting research. (lu.se)

To boost labour productivity and regain economic performance, there is an empirical consensus on the role of structural reforms that allows an efficient reallocation of resources such as labour by reducing rigidities in markets. (ciaonet.org)
True to the BRICS Spirit and commitment to inclusive multilateralism, BRICS countries reached consensus on the guiding principles, standards, criteria and procedures of the BRICS expansion process," the Johannesburg Declaration said. (telegraphindia.com)

Diplo works to increase the role of small and developing states, and to improve global governance and international policy development. (diplomacy.edu)
The Party is building its learning curve very fast thanks to the 30 years of development in the country. (chinadaily.com.cn)
To make headway in combating inequality and poverty in line with their recent commitments under 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, natural resource-rich countries must bring about a paradigmatic shift in the way they generate and mobilize resources. (cesr.org)
This theory provides new scientific answers to the major questions of what kind of development China should achieve in a new environment and how the country should achieve it. (chinadaily.com.cn)
To complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must, with greater political courage and vision, lose no time in deepening reform in key sectors and resolutely discard all notions and systems that hinder efforts to pursue development in a scientific way. (chinadaily.com.cn)
We must give high priority to making ecological progress and incorporate it into all aspects and the whole process of advancing economic, political, cultural, and social progress, work hard to build a beautiful country, and achieve lasting and sustainable development of the Chinese nation. (chinadaily.com.cn)
He stated that developing countries are looking for new funds, not repackaged development aid. (undispatch.com)
It emphasised the importance of contributing to post-conflict countries' reconstruction and development and called upon the international community to assist countries in meeting their development goals. (telegraphindia.com)

The report reviews the evolution of thinking around external assistance to security sector reform, and discusses the policies and programmes of the main donor agencies. (cmi.no)

It brings together all relevant policy perspectives from a diverse range of countries from around the world, participating on an equal footing basis, to take stock of and consider the effectiveness of different carbon mitigation approaches. (oecd.org)

We work every day to defend against these threats and advance bold reforms. (citizen.org)
Our analysis also shows that some reforms work better than others. (worldnewsintel.com)

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