Chlordecone reductase homolog HAKRCBeta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activitiesAldo-keto reductaseDeficiencyAlpha-reductaseSuperfamilySteroidRetinol dehydrogenaseAndrogensHepaticEnzymeInhibitorsTestosteroneGlucocorticoidsEnzymesTypeIndanolProteinCortisolActivityMemberProteinsCrystallographyCrystalHumanShort
Chlordecone reductase homolog HAKRC1
- Chlordecone reductase homolog HAKRC. (invivogen.com)
Beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities2
- In this population, mean hydroxysteroid 5 alpha-reductase and 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities were 3.8 and 2.3 nmol/10(6) cells per 2h respectively, more than 100-fold greater than in the densest population, comprised of undifferentiated and early differentiating cells. (nih.gov)
- 11 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities did not differ between PCOS and controls. (ox.ac.uk)
Aldo-keto reductase5
- Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1. (invivogen.com)
- This gene encodes a member of the aldo/keto reductase superfamily, which consists of more than 40 known enzymes and proteins. (cancerindex.org)
- Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for age of puberty, nipple number and ovulation rate have been identified in Meishan crosses on pig chromosome 10q (SSC10) near the telomere, which is homologous to human chromosome 10p15 and contains an aldo-keto reductase (AKR) gene cluster with at least six family members. (biomedcentral.com)
- In the human, an aldo-keto reductase (AKR) gene family (AKR1C) has been identified near the telomere on chromosome 10p15 that contains at least six aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C genes [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- 3-Hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase (3-HSD) is a member of the aldo-keto reductase family. (journalcra.com)
Deficiency24
- 5-alpha reductase deficiency is a condition that affects sexual development before birth and during puberty. (medlineplus.gov)
- Many people with 5-alpha reductase deficiency are assigned female at birth based on their external genitalia. (medlineplus.gov)
- People with 5-alpha reductase deficiency do not develop much facial or body hair. (medlineplus.gov)
- Variants (also called mutations) in the SRD5A2 gene cause 5-alpha reductase deficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
- These hormonal factors underlie the changes in sexual development seen in infants with 5-alpha reductase deficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
- Researchers believe that people with 5-alpha reductase deficiency develop secondary male sex characteristics in response to higher levels of this hormone. (medlineplus.gov)
- in each cell) will have the characteristic signs of 5-alpha reductase deficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
- 5-Alpha-reductase type 2 deficiency (5-ARD) is an autosomal recessive sex-limited condition resulting in the inability to convert testosterone to the more physiologically active dihydrotestosterone (DHT). (medscape.com)
- Because DHT is required for the normal masculinization of the external genitalia in utero, genetic males with 5-alpha-reductase type 2 deficiency are born with ambiguous genitalia (ie. (medscape.com)
- Patients with 5-alpha-reductase type 2 deficiency classically present with striking ambiguity of the genitalia, with a clitoral-like phallus, bifid scrotum, pseudovaginal perineoscrotal hypospadias, and a rudimentary prostate. (medscape.com)
- The cause of 5-alpha-reductase type 2 deficiency is the deficiency of the type 2 isozyme of 5-alpha-reductase. (medscape.com)
- As with most single enzyme disorders, 5-alpha-reductase type 2 deficiency is an autosomal recessive trait and sex limited because the clinical syndrome only affects genetic males, with very subtle phenotypic findings in homozygous females. (medscape.com)
- The root cause of this disorder is a deficiency in the 5-alpha-reductase type 2 isoenzyme, which transforms testosterone to DHT. (medscape.com)
- Biochemical effects of 5-alpha-reductase type 2 deficiency in testosterone biosynthesis. (medscape.com)
- Lack of expression of this gene clinically correlates with the symptoms of 5-alpha-reductase type 2 deficiency. (medscape.com)
- Linkage analysis has demonstrated that the type 1 enzyme is unrelated to the clinical syndrome of 5-alpha-reductase type 2 deficiency. (medscape.com)
- Interestingly, partial virilization of males with 5-alpha-reductase type 2 deficiency occurs at puberty and may be attributable to the rise in type 1 enzyme activity or expression at that time. (medscape.com)
- This is usually due to a 5-alpha-reductase deficiency (5alpha-RD-2) or 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency (17beta-HSD-3). (todayifoundout.com)
- Diagnosis of 5-alpha-reductase type 2 deficiency (5-ARD) is usually made in the newborn period when the infant presents with ambiguous genitalia. (medscape.com)
- If 5-alpha-reductase deficiency is considered in a newborn, a broad approach to ambiguous genitalia should be taken. (medscape.com)
- Parental consanguinity increases the child's risk for autosomal recessive disorders including 5-alpha reductase type 2 deficiency. (medscape.com)
- In a recent study, a cohort of 55 patients with 5-alpha-reductase type 2 deficiency displayed varied phenotypes in the neonatal period. (medscape.com)
- however, in some individuals with 5-alpha-reductase type 2 deficiency, the testes can be found in the labioscrotal folds or retained in the abdomen. (medscape.com)
- Females homozygous for 5-alpha-reductase type 2 deficiency have very subtle manifestations, such as delayed menarche, minimal acne, and minimal body hair. (medscape.com)
Alpha-reductase16
- The SRD5A2 gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called steroid 5-alpha reductase 2. (medlineplus.gov)
- Specifically, the steroid 5-alpha reductase 2 enzyme is responsible for a chemical reaction that converts the hormone testosterone to DHT. (medlineplus.gov)
- Variants in the SRD5A2 gene prevent steroid 5-alpha reductase 2 from effectively converting testosterone to DHT in the developing reproductive tissues. (medlineplus.gov)
- Some affected people also retain a small amount of 5-alpha reductase 2 activity, which may produce DHT and contribute to the development of secondary sex characteristics during puberty. (medlineplus.gov)
- The development of female sex characteristics does not require DHT, so a lack of steroid 5-alpha reductase 2 activity does not cause physical changes in these individuals. (medlineplus.gov)
- The 5-alpha-reductase type 2 isoenzyme is expressed in external genital tissues early in gestation, making its action necessary for the development of normal male external genital anatomy in the fetus. (medscape.com)
- Three genes coding for 5-alpha-reductase have been identified, each for a slightly different isoenzyme. (medscape.com)
- Only the genes coding for 5-alpha-reductase type 1 ( SRD5A1 ) and 5-alpha-reductase type 2 ( SRD5A2 ) are pertinent to the conversion of testosterone to DHT, whereas the gene coding 5-alpha-reductase type 3 is unrelated to any disorders of male sexual development, and may be implicated in a rare disorder of glycosylation. (medscape.com)
- [ 7 , 8 ] The gene for 5-alpha-reductase type 2 has been determined to be on band 2p23. (medscape.com)
- In adulthood, the 5-alpha-reductase type 2 isoenzyme is expressed in high levels in the prostate, genital skin, epididymis, seminal vesicle, and liver. (medscape.com)
- The gene for 5-alpha-reductase type 1 is located on band 5p15. (medscape.com)
- Increased 5 alpha-reductase activity and adrenocortical drive in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. (ox.ac.uk)
- MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We measured urinary steroid metabolites including glucocorticoids and androgens and the ratios reflecting enzymatic activities involved in peripheral cortisol and androgen metabolism, 5 alpha-reductase, and 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase types 1 and 2. (ox.ac.uk)
- 5 alpha-Reductase activity correlated with BMI, insulin levels, and homeostasis model assessment. (ox.ac.uk)
- CONCLUSIONS: PCOS is associated with enhanced androgen and cortisol metabolite excretion and increased 5 alpha-reductase activity that cannot be explained by obesity alone. (ox.ac.uk)
- Besides their antagonist effect, they can also alter steroid metabolism by inhibiting hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, steroid alpha-reductase and aromatase. (nicehair.org)
Superfamily4
- DHRS7B is a member of the short chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) superfamily and possesses characteristic features of an SDR within the protein sequence. (wikipedia.org)
- Short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) constitute a superfamily of proteins catalysing reactions of a wide range of substrates in all life forms. (avhandlingar.se)
- Short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDRs) constitute a universal superfamily of functionally heterogeneous proteins and participate in the metabolism of steroids, prostaglandins, retinoids, aliphatic alcohols, and xenobiotics. (avhandlingar.se)
- 17β-HSDcl belongs to the SDR (short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase) superfamily. (rcsb.org)
Steroid1
- AKRs are tissue-specific hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases that interconvert weak steroid hormones to their more potent counterparts and regulate processes involved in development, homeostasis and reproduction. (biomedcentral.com)
Retinol dehydrogenase4
- The present study investigated the inhibitory effects of gossypol acetate on rat 5α-reductase 1, 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and retinol dehydrogenase 2 for androgen metabolism. (biofron.com)
- Rat 5α-reductase 1, 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and retinol dehydrogenase 2 were expressed in COS-1 cells. (biofron.com)
- Among them, DHRS4 encodes NADP(H)-dependent retinol dehydrogenase/reductase. (biomedcentral.com)
- DHRS4 , the fourth member of the dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) family, is a gene encoding NADP(H)-dependent retinol dehydrogenase/reductase (NRDR). (biomedcentral.com)
Androgens1
- Aldo-keto reductases interconvert weak androgens, estrogens, progestins, mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids to their more potent counterparts by catalyzing the reduction and oxidation of keto- and hydroxysteroids, respectively, thereby regulating a wide range of physiological processes involved in development, homeostasis and reproduction [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Hepatic4
- Lou H, Hammond L, Sharma V, Sparkes RS, Lusis AJ, Stolz A: Genomic organization and chromosomal localization of a novel human hepatic dihydrodiol dehydrogenase with high affinity bile acid binding. (drugbank.com)
- The enzyme kinetics for warfarin reduction were evaluated in both fractions, and formation of warfarin alcohols was used as an indicator of hepatic reductase activity. (aspetjournals.org)
- Collectively, these results suggest that the functional expression of hepatic reductases is selectively decreased in kidney disease. (aspetjournals.org)
- We and others have demonstrated decreased hepatic cortisol regeneration through reduced 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) activity that converts inactive cortisone to cortisol. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
Enzyme6
- Dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR family) member 7B is an enzyme encoded by the DHRS7B gene in humans, found on chromosome 17p11.2. (wikipedia.org)
- The 17β-HSD (17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) from the filamentous fungus Cochliobolus lunatus (17β-HSDcl) is a NADP(H)-dependent enzyme that preferentially catalyses the interconversion of inactive 17-oxo-steroids and their active 17β-hydroxy counterparts. (rcsb.org)
- Consistent with increase in serum T, piperine increased Leydig cell number, cell size, and multiple steroidogenic pathway proteins, including steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1, 17α-hydroxylase/20-lyase, and steroidogenic factor 1 expression levels. (frontiersin.org)
- An adrenal microsomal cytochrome P450 enzyme that catalyzes the 21-hydroxylation of steroids in the presence of molecular oxygen and NADPH-FERRIHEMOPROTEIN REDUCTASE. (lookformedical.com)
- The normal chromosomal study (46,XY) and normal testosterone conversion enzyme study (particularly 5-reductase level) exclude other causes of androgen resistance. (mhmedical.com)
- 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) is a key enzyme that transform cortisone to cortisol, which activates the endogenous glucocorticoid function. (ijbs.com)
Inhibitors1
- Selective inhibitors were employed to identify reductases involved in warfarin reduction. (aspetjournals.org)
Testosterone1
- The A-ring reductases (5α-reductase type 1 (5αR1) and 2 (5αR2)) generate dihydrotestosterone from testosterone, but importantly also inactivate cortisol and are highly expressed in human liver. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
Glucocorticoids1
- In the present study, we test the hypothesis that reactivation of glucocorticoids, in peripheral tissues by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1), is a major determinant of exogenous Cushing s syndrome.WT, global 11β-HSD1 knockout (GKO), liver-specific 11β-HSD. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
Enzymes2
- 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/reductase (11β-HSD) enzymes 1 and 2 regulate the amount of cortisone and cortisol in human tissues. (helsinki.fi)
- Gossypol acetate inhibited 5α-reductase 1 and 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase with IC50 values of 3.33 ± 0.07 and 0.52 ± 0.06 × 10-6 M in the expressed enzymes as well as 8.512 ± 0.079 and 1.032 ± 0.068 × 10-6 M in intact rat immature Leydig cells, respectively. (biofron.com)
Type3
- 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) that gen. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
- 6 observed that 17-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (17β-HSD2), the activity of which transforms oestradiol to less potent oestrogen (oestrone) and is stimulated by progesterone in endometrial glands, was significantly reduced in endometriotic tissue during the luteal phase, along with markedly repressed levels of immunoprecipitable PGR throughout the menstrual cycle. (emjreviews.com)
- Furthermore, we have investigated the role of pre-receptor modulation of glucocorticoid availability by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) in these processes. (birmingham.ac.uk)
Indanol1
- Indanol dehydrogenase. (invivogen.com)
Protein2
- In pea (Pisum sativum), the short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase-like protein (SAD) gene family consists of at least three members (SAD-A, -B, and -C). The SAD genes are transiently expressed in plants after short exposures to ultraviolet-B radiation, which in turn leads to formation of SAD protein in leaf and stem tissue upon prolonged irradiation. (avhandlingar.se)
- Gene and protein expression of reductases were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. (aspetjournals.org)
Cortisol1
- In addition, there is enhanced cortisol clearance by A-ring reductases, (notably 5α-reductase). (endocrine-abstracts.org)
Activity2
Member1
- A member of the monomeric reductase gene family. (drugbank.com)
Proteins1
- Khanna M, Qin KN, Cheng KC: Distribution of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in rat brain and molecular cloning of multiple cDNAs encoding structurally related proteins in humans. (drugbank.com)
Crystallography1
- X-ray crystallography and site-directed mutagenesis were used to better understand the structure/function relationships in the family of short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR). (avhandlingar.se)
Crystal1
- Molecular docking study of gossypol on the crystal structure of 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase was performed. (biofron.com)
Human2
- The human gene for 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. (wikipedia.org)
- Ciaccio PJ, Jaiswal AK, Tew KD: Regulation of human dihydrodiol dehydrogenase by Michael acceptor xenobiotics. (drugbank.com)
Short1
- Due to an information update of GenBank in December of 2008, the gene LOC728635 , located downstream of DHRS4 and DHRS4L2 and similar to the peroxisomal short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase, was renamed DHRS4L1 . (biomedcentral.com)