Recombination genome viral. Medical search. Frequent questions

Parental DNA produces a genome which is then the template for replication in the cytoplasm. (wikipedia.org)
To date, host innate immunity may be the only identified direct factor associated with viral replication. (spandidos-publications.com)
During the replication of retroviruses, a double-stranded DNA copy of the viral RNA genome is synthesized by reverse transcription and integrated into the genomes of the infected cell. (virology.ws)
With the exception of retroviruses, these endogenous viral sequences have no role in viral replication - they are accidentally integrated into host DNA. (virology.ws)
COVID-19, like any virus, is constantly mutating , and "when two related viruses infect the same cell (ie, during a coinfection) the viral replication machinery can accidentally switch from one genome to the other resulting in a mixed genome," explained preprint co-author Tom Peacock. (iflscience.com)
A) The double -stranded breaks induced on the genome by nucleases are repaired by a homologous recombination mechanism that occurs between genomic DNA and donor DNA (B) A large number of donor DNA molecules are produced by Algentech's patented replication system (REP), thus contributing to the effectiveness of homologous recombination. (prnewswire.com)
2) a donor DNA amplification vector that relies on a viral replication system. (prnewswire.com)
The replication terminus region of the E. coli chromosome encodes a locus, dif, that is required for normal chromosome segregation at cell division, dif is a substrate for site-specific recombination catalysed by the related chromosomally encoded recombinases XerC and XerD. (gla.ac.uk)
The arteriviruses are highly species specific, but share many biological and molecular properties, including virion morphology, a unique set of structural proteins, genome organization and replication strategy, and the ability to establish prolonged or true persistent infection in their natural hosts. (bionity.com)
Coronavirus (CoV) genome replication takes place in the cytoplasm in a membrane-protected microenvironment, and starts with the translation of the genome to produce the viral replicase. (bionity.com)
Both viral and cellular proteins are required for replication and transcription. (bionity.com)
HIV is grouped into the genus Lentivirus (lentus, from Latin) due to the slow course of infection and thus disease, with a long latency period, persistent viral replication and central nervous system involvement ( 1 ). (scielo.sa.cr)
The involvement of viral DNA-binding proteins in the regulation of virulence genes, transcription, DNA replication, and repair make them significant targets. (mdpi.com)
In addition, the development of an in vitro system to study viral RNA synthesis has allowed for dissection of some of the steps involved in the replication process. (uky.edu)
In this review, we compile recent information on each of the aforementioned processes-translation, transcription, replication and recombination-and discuss the significance of the results. (uky.edu)
It corresponds to viral DNA replication in synchrony with the host cell chromosome in order to ensures an average of one viral genome per basal cell. (expasy.org)
Steady-state viral DNA nuclear replication. (expasy.org)
Requires the origin of DNA replication in cis and the viral E1 and E2 proteins in trans. (expasy.org)
Mechanisms for maintaining genetic information during cell division and the generation of genetic variation: replication, mitosis, meiosis, recombination. (lu.se)
New combination vaccines should induce similar or superior levels of neutralizing antibody in serum for individual protection against paralytic disease and mucosal immunity that effectively decreases viral replication in the intestine and pharynx for population protection against transmission of poliovirus. (who.int)

Algentech's invention optimizes the cellular process known as homologous recombination. (prnewswire.com)
However, the effectiveness of homologous recombination repair remains low. (prnewswire.com)
However, their circularity makes homologous recombination a threat to their integrity and maintenance. (gla.ac.uk)
Any number of homologous recombination events between linear homologous chromosomes generates linear products that have the same overall structure as their parents. (gla.ac.uk)
It has been proposed that this recombination converts chromosome multimers formed by homologous recombination back to monomers in order that they can be segregated prior to cell division. (gla.ac.uk)
From Texas A&M University, Blanca Lupiani reported that she and her colleagues recently showed that insertion of LTR (long term repeat) sequences into the CVI988 resulted in the generation of CVRM, a virus with similar protective efficacy.The CVRM virus was cloned as a bacterial artificial chromosome, by insertion of mini-F sequences into the US2 gene by homologous recombination. (thepoultrysite.com)
This integration occurs as a result of homologous recombination. (bvsalud.org)

This report is not the first suggesting recombination between viruses of different families - we discussed one example here previously ( link to article ), and there are a handful of other examples. (virology.ws)
Iridoviridae is a family of viruses with double-stranded DNA genomes. (wikipedia.org)
Such crops are produced by engineering components of viruses into the plant genomes. (referat.ru)
For reasons not well understood, plants producing viral components on their own are resistant to subsequent infection by those viruses. (referat.ru)
worse viruses through two mechanisms: recombination and transcapsidation. (referat.ru)
Recombination can occur between the plant-produced viral genes and closely related genes of incoming viruses. (referat.ru)
Such recombination may produce viruses that can infect a wider range of hosts or that may be more virulent than the parent viruses. (referat.ru)
Such hybrid viruses could transfer viral genetic material to a new host plant that it could not otherwise infect. (referat.ru)
This honor has now been extended to other RNA viruses, and to circoviruses and parvoviruses, which possess single-stranded DNA genomes. (virology.ws)
For viruses with an RNA genome, the nucleic acid must enter the nucleus (perhaps accidentally for viruses without a nuclear phase) and be converted to a DNA copy by reverse transcriptase encoded by endogenous retroviruses. (virology.ws)
Sequences from ancestral single-stranded DNA viruses in vertebrate genomes: the parvoviridae and circoviridae are more than 40 to 50 million years old. (virology.ws)
This enabled the experts to reconstruct and compare phylogenetic histories for the non-recombinant regions to pinpoint which viruses have been involved in recombination events in the past. (earth.com)
The decoding of the virus's genome showed it belonged a viral family known as beta-coronaviruses, to which the SARS1 and MERS viruses also belong. (thebulletin.org)
for BVDV frequently nonhomologous RNA recombination events lead to the appearance of genetically distinct viruses that are lethal to the host. (bionity.com)
Arteriviruses are small, enveloped, animal viruses with an icosahedral core containing a positive-sense RNA genome. (bionity.com)
Regarding the family, it is grouped within the Retroviridae family, viruses that have the enzyme Reverse Transcriptase (TR) - responsible for transcribing the RNA genome into complementary DNA (cDNA), being the subfamily Orthoretrovirinae ( 2 ). (scielo.sa.cr)
Over the course of millions of years, however, viral genetic sequences accumulate in the DNA genomes of living organisms, including humans, and can serve as molecular 'fossils' for exploring the natural history of viruses and their hosts. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
Perhaps most interestingly, the researchers found that these viruses often exchanged genes with each other and with other viruses, suggesting that genetic recombination played a significant role in their evolutionary success. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
Along with the selection of the fittest viruses, mutation and recombination after superinfection with HIV from different groups or subtypes have resulted in the diversity of their patterns of geographic distribution. (uni-muenchen.de)
But the viruses are known to swap chunks of RNA with each other, a process called recombination, so each section has its own evolutionary history. (scientificamerican.com)
The 3-4% difference between their genomes and that of SARS-CoV-2 suggests that there has been about 40-70 years of evolution since these viruses shared a common ancestor. (scientificamerican.com)
To account for recombination, the researchers compared 18 bat and pangolin viruses closely related to SARS-CoV-2, and spliced them into 27 segments. (scientificamerican.com)
Analysis of the 451 isolates in the American collection revealed that some of these are Monkeypox virus , Camelpox virus or chimeric viruses prepared by recombination of variola viruses with other orthopoxviruses. (who.int)
If an unlucky person happens to get infected by two different versions of SARS-CoV-2 at the same time, the cellular machinery that's cranking out copies of the virus can mix up the two viruses and create an entirely new viral sequence containing sections from each of the two originals. (genestogenomes.org)
A recombination event involves two "parent" viruses that get remixed into a third, "offspring" virus. (genestogenomes.org)
Genome condensation and packaging are essential processes in the life cycle of viruses. (mdpi.com)
Unlike most other RNA viruses, the synthesis of tombusvirus proteins has been found to involve an atypical translational mechanism related to the uncapped and nonpolyadenylated nature of their genomes. (uky.edu)
By the genetic recombination the viruses were conferred with high specificity against tumor cells without targeting normal tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
Recombination events resulting in the emergence of new isolates of plant RNA viruses can be of selective advantage under certain cir-cumstances, which could help host adaptation and influence RNA virus evolution. (online-rpd.org)

Bornaviral sequences were found in the genomes of humans, non-human primates, rodents, and elephants. (virology.ws)
Phylogenetic analyses revealed that these sequences entered the primate genome over 40 million years ago. (virology.ws)
Endogenous filovirus (ebolavirus, marburgvirus) sequences were subsequently identified in the genomes of bats, rodents, shrews, tenrecs and marsupials. (virology.ws)
Phylogenetic analyses of these endogenous viral sequences reveal that both virus families are 40 to 50 million years old. (virology.ws)
Examination of insect genomes has revealed endogenous viral sequences from members of the Bunyaviridae , Rhabdoviridae , Orthomyxoviridae , Reoviridae , and Flaviviridae . (virology.ws)
Such sequences are highly mutated and typically comprise only fragments of the viral genome, and therefore cannot give rise to infectious virus. (virology.ws)
It is possible that some of the endogenous viral sequences are copied into RNA, or translated into protein, and could have consequences for the host. (virology.ws)
Almost half of the human genome is made up of mobile genetic elements, which includes endogenous proviruses and other sequences derived from retroviruses such as retrotransposons, retroposons, and processed pseudogenes. (virology.ws)
It seems likely that even more diverse viral sequences lurk in cellular genomes, awaiting discovery. (virology.ws)
Unexpected inheritance: multiple integrations of ancient bornavirus and ebolavirus/marburgvirus sequences in vertebrate genomes. (virology.ws)
It is shown that the only DNA sequences required for wild-type dif function in the terminus region of the chromosome are contained within 33 bp known to bind XerC and XerD, and that certain active site residues of the Xer proteins known to be involved in the catalysis of recombination are required for normal chromosome segregation. (gla.ac.uk)
In the Invitrogen scheme, the recombination sites are found in pairs flanking sequences that are intended for transfer. (igem.org)
To do this, they first performed an exhaustive search of mammalian genome sequence databases for ERV-Fc loci and then compared the recovered sequences. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
For each genome with sufficient ERV-Fc sequence, they reconstructed the sequences of proteins representing the virus that colonized the ancestors of that particular species. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
The challenge will now be to use ancient viral sequences for looking back in time, which may prove insightful for predicting the long-term consequences of newly emerging viral infections. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
But researchers say that comparing whole-genome sequences ignores the role of recombination in virus evolution. (scientificamerican.com)
To study how the viral genome was changing, researchers at Johns Hopkins University created new software capable of processing tens of thousands of individual genome sequences. (genestogenomes.org)
Existing software can scan viral genome sequences looking for the telltale signs of a recombination event. (genestogenomes.org)
But in the past, the genome sequences being scanned had major differences. (genestogenomes.org)
Finally, we will take the recent Ebola epidemic in West Africa as a model to develop high-performance statistical approaches for extracting practical and timely epidemiological information from virus genome sequences during epidemics as they unfold. (europa.eu)
however, no molecular characterization and recombination tests based on the genome sequences of ASGV isolates from pears are lacking. (online-rpd.org)
Current diagnostic PCR assays target a variety of SARS CoV-2 genes and the vast majority target sequences in regions of the SARS CoV-2 genome that are highly conserved. (who.int)

Toward this objective, ChIP-Seq data of 14 S/MAR binding proteins were analyzed and the binding site coordinates of these proteins were used to prepare a non-redundant S/MAR dataset of human genome. (researchgate.net)
Transcapsidation involves the encapsulation of the genetic material of one virus by the plant-produced viral proteins. (referat.ru)
The capsid proteins are viral protein 1 (VP1) and viral protein 2 (VP2). (medscape.com)
Processing of the viral polyprotein is achieved cotranslationally by viral encoded proteases , giving rise to the different mature viral proteins. (bionity.com)
Viral RNA as well as viral proteins interact with different components of the host cell, acting as key determinants of viral pathogenesis. (bionity.com)
The expression of cauliflower mosaic virus proteins was examined in crown gall tissue transformed by integration of virus genome DNA into plant host chromosomes by Agrobacterium tumefaciens- mediated transfer. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Galls upon plants of species that support infection by virus particles as well as upon non-host plants were analysed by immunoblotting using antisera specific to proteins encoded by viral genes I, IV and VI. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Viral genetic factors are proteins such as Tat, Vif and Rev. Human genetic factors associated with a better clinical outcome are proteins such as APOBEC, langerin, tetherin and chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) and HLA B27, B57, DRB1{*}1303, KIR and PARD3B. (uni-muenchen.de)
Tombusviruses also appear to employ an unusual mechanism for transcription of the sg mRNAs that template translation of a subset of their viral proteins. (uky.edu)
The use of turkey herpesvirus (HVT) as a viral vector to express immunogenic proteins has been shown to be successful in the poultry industry. (thepoultrysite.com)
All of the COVID-19 vaccines currently approved by the FDA are designed to instruct human cells to make harmless spike proteins - that mimick a viral protein that's used by the SARS-CoV-2 virus to enter cells. (techstartups.com)
Attachment of the viral proteins to host receptors mediates endocytosis into vesicles in the basal squamous epithelial cell. (expasy.org)
Here, we reported the first Oceanospirillum phage, vB_OliS_GJ44, which was assembled into a 33,786 bp linear dsDNA genome, which includes abundant tail-related and recombinant proteins. (biomedcentral.com)

Here we describe an experimental approach to analyze HIV-1 env genes as intact genetic units amplified from plasma virion RNA by single-genome amplification (SGA), followed by direct sequencing of uncloned DNA amplicons. (scienceopen.com)
These findings indicate that HIV-1 env genes, other viral genes, and even full-length viral genomes responsible for productive clinical infection can be identified by SGA analysis of plasma virus sampled at intervals typical in large-scale vaccine trials and that pathways of viral diversification and immune escape can be determined accurately. (scienceopen.com)
The objective of work presented by Sanjay M. Reddy of Texas A&M University was to evaluate potential cloning sites in the HVT genome for stable expression of foreign genes. (thepoultrysite.com)
The second generation (G2) of engineered OVs armed with viral and/or non-viral genes. (biomedcentral.com)

In a study publishing in PLoS Computational Biology on October 26, 2007, researchers Suryavanshi and Dixit from the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India present a new model of HIV dynamics that provides a detailed account of the emergence and growth of recombinant forms of HIV following infection with diverse viral genomes. (medindia.net)
Analysis of experimental data using the model establishes the high rate of HIV recombination and elucidates the origins of scaling relationships that link the relative prevalence of recombinant forms of HIV to the overall extent of infection. (medindia.net)
Given the divergence of Delta and Omicron genomes, as well as Omicron's known immune escape properties, a Delta-Omicron recombinant strain could alter the landscape of vaccine and therapeutic efficacy," explains the paper. (iflscience.com)
Coronaviruses have genetic material that is highly recombinant, meaning different regions of the virus's genome can be derived from multiple sources," said study co-author Professor Maciej Boni. (earth.com)
The team used three different approaches to identify and remove the recombinant regions within the SARS-CoV-2 genome. (earth.com)
Recombination analysis showed that one of the five Korean isolates is a recombinant, with a recombination site in the CP gene region (nt 532-708). (online-rpd.org)

It is a hepatotropic, approximately 7.2 kb single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus whose genome contains three open reading frames (ORF1, ORF2, and ORF3), 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs), and a poly(A) tract at the 3′ end. (nature.com)
The genome of circoviruses are composed of single-stranded DNA, while those of parvoviruses are linear single-stranded DNAs with base-paired ends (figure). (virology.ws)
RHDV has a polyadenylated positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome of about 7.5 kb, comprising two open reading frames (ORFs) [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
[ 1 ] It is a very small (approximately 20 nm), nonenveloped virus with a single-stranded negative-sense DNA genome (see following images). (medscape.com)
Soon after infection, the single stranded positive RNA that constitutes the viral genome is efficiently translated using a cap-independent mechanism driven by the internal ribosome entry site element (IRES). (bionity.com)

Because viral genomic data suggest this poliovirus might have been transmitted to the index patient from another immunocompromised person, the initial investigation focused on identifying immunodeficient persons among community contacts, health-care workers, and patients with whom the infant had potential contact before the first positive poliovirus culture on August 27. (cdc.gov)
Four tested doses, negligible (10 − 1 viral genome copies), low (10 4 ), high (10 7 ) and very high (10 11 ) were quantified using a method combining density gradient centrifugation of the viral particles and an RT-qPCR technique developed to quantify genomic RNA (gRNA). (biomedcentral.com)
To test hypotheses about the early establishment of HIV-1, we will carve a genomic window into the past epidemic history of the virus by integrating molecular work on archival samples from Central Africa and on samples representative of the current HIV-1 diversity, with the development of ancestral recombination graphs that accommodate dated tips and spatial diffusion, as well as population dynamic models that incorporate epidemiological information. (europa.eu)
Combined with the eight environmental viral contigs from metagenomics, this study helps fill the gap in our understanding of the isolation, genomic and evolutionary development of Oceanospirillum bacteriophages and provides new insights into the interactions between hosts and bacteriophages for these important marine hydrocarbon-degrading microbial populations. (biomedcentral.com)

To do that, we put together a diverse team with expertise in recombination, phylogenetic dating, virus sampling, and molecular and viral evolution. (earth.com)
Phylogenetic analysis of the complete genomes indicated that the DuCVs circulating in northern Vietnam were divided into two main genotypes I and II, and several subgenotypes. (researchsquare.com)

The peak viral load of SARS‑CoV‑2 is estimated to occur ~10 days following fever onset, causing patients in the acute stage to be the primary infection source. (spandidos-publications.com)
The high rate of infection, along with the codetection of other viral pathogens (or simply not ruling out other common virus infections in some studies), has caused some researchers to question whether human bocavirus is a primary cause of disease, a contributor to more severe disease, or simply a passenger virus that is coincidentally found with other infections. (medscape.com)
Often, the viral load of the co-infection is relatively low, which supports the idea that the symptoms may have been worsened by the presence of the infection because these samples are usually taken from hospitalized patients, who are, by definition, suffering from more serious respiratory disease. (medscape.com)
Like all temperate bacteriophages, lambda utilizes a lysogenic infection life cycle, wherein its genome is incorporated into the genome of the E. coli host genome, to excise itself at a later time. (igem.org)
No distinction between confirmed, apparently isolated bocavirus-associated disease and any other nonspecific viral respiratory infection has been established. (medscape.com)
The physical examination findings are similar to those of a typical viral respiratory infection. (medscape.com)
High viral load of human bocavirus correlates with duration of wheezing in children with severe lower respiratory tract infection. (medscape.com)
The viral S gene is important as it codes for the Spike protein which is the molecule that makes contact with, and allows entry of the virus into susceptible host cells, causing infection. (who.int)
To date, WHO has designated 4 SARS CoV-2 genotypes that meet the working definition of a VOC: i) contain mutations divergent from the Wuhan strain and ii) that the mutations impact one or more of the aspects of viral infection that have public health significance. (who.int)

We also compared the results of the SGA approach with those of more-conventional bulk PCR amplification methods performed on the same patient samples and found that the latter is associated with excessive rates of Taq-induced recombination, nucleotide misincorporation, template resampling, and cloning bias. (scienceopen.com)
A genome consists of a string of nucleotide bases, and each location can be one of four possible bases. (genestogenomes.org)
The genomes can be grouped into four "clades" based on which nucleotide base is present at certain positions in the genome. (genestogenomes.org)

To gain in-depth insights into the viral population and to perform detailed characterization of viral genomes, we used a new approach combining long-range PCR with next-generation and third-generation sequencing which allowed near full-length sequencing of HEV-3 genomes. (nature.com)
In this study, we investigated the presence of DuCV in northern Vietnam, and furthermore, conducted molecular characterization of identified DuCV strains based on the complete genome. (researchsquare.com)
Of the 120 strains of Variola virus in the Russian collection, 55 isolates had been selected for further investigation, involving viability studies, biological characterization and genome analysis. (who.int)

These results indicate that the p10 protein is produced from the viral genome and that the protein is functional. (virology.ws)
Partial sequencing of the virus capsid protein coding region (VP1) of the poliovirus genome at the MDH laboratory identified it as a vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV). (cdc.gov)
This process occurs concomitantly with the inhibition of cellular protein synthesis, caused by the expression of viral proteases. (bionity.com)

A novel coronavirus isolated from bats in China is unusual because the genome contains a gene from a virus in a completely different family, the Reoviridae (link to paper) . (virology.ws)
Sequence analysis revealed a typical coronavirus genome with the exception of a small region near the 3′-end of the viral RNA with homology to a bat reovirus. (virology.ws)
This sequence, called p10, was also detected in viral mRNAs from infected bats, further demonstrating the presence of the reovirus-like gene in the coronavirus genome. (virology.ws)
In the latest analysis, presented at the 7th World One Health Congress in Singapore on 8 November, scientists compared fragments of coronavirus genomes. (scientificamerican.com)

Another exciting recent advance has been the creation of yeast-based systems that support amplification of tombusvirus RNA replicons and will allow the identification of host factors involved in viral RNA synthesis. (uky.edu)
Labelling with BrUTP showed that peroxisomes were the sites of nascent viral synthesis, whereas in situ hybridization indicated that DI RNA progeny were diffused throughout the cytoplasm. (microbiologyresearch.org)
In these cells, which no longer undergo cellular DNA synthesis, there is a burst of viral DNA synthesis with active production of virions. (expasy.org)
Vegetative viral DNA synthesis. (expasy.org)

Thus, this molecular approach will add incrementally to our current knowledge of the HEV-genome organization and pathogenesis in chronic hepatitis E. (nature.com)
In depth knowledge of the molecular basis of the viral cycle is needed to control viral pathogenesis and disease spreading. (bionity.com)
Viral and human genetic factors influence pathogenesis. (uni-muenchen.de)

The ability to estimate divergence times after disentangling recombination histories, which is something we developed in this collaboration, may lead to insights into the origins of many different viral pathogens," said study co-author Philippe Lemey. (earth.com)
In this project, we propose to unravel crucial steps in the emergence and establishment of key viral pathogens. (europa.eu)

The finding suggests that recombination occurred between a (+) strand RNA virus and a virus with a segmented, double-stranded RNA genome. (virology.ws)
The genome is an 8-kbp double-stranded circular DNA with three single strand gaps. (i-sis.org.uk)

This study is the first report of natural recombination within the CP gene of ASGV isolates from pears grown in Korea. (online-rpd.org)
Experimental infections of pigs confirmed that isolates obtained after introduction of ASF into Armenia and the Russian Federation cause acute disease and result in high mortality rates ( www.efsa.europa.eu/en/scdocs/scdoc/1556.htm ). (cdc.gov)

Using this method, they have found that SARS-CoV-2's closest known relatives are a bat virus found in Laos called BANAL-52, whose genome is 96.8% identical to that of SARS-CoV-2, and a virus called RaTG13, found in Yunnan, southern China, which is 96.1% identical. (scientificamerican.com)

We sequenced the genome of the SG33 myxoma virus vaccine strain and compared it with those of other myxoma virus strains. (cdc.gov)
Furthermore, our data strongly suggest that the virus isolate from which SG33 is derived results from an in vivo recombination between a wild-type South America (Lausanne) strain and a California MSD-derived strain. (cdc.gov)
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is one of the main causes of acute viral hepatitis worldwide. (nature.com)
The viral DNA is transported to the host cell nucleus, where it is transcribed by host RNA polymerase II modified by the virus. (wikipedia.org)
Packaging of the new genomes into virions occurs in the cytoplasm and the virus is released either by budding from the cell membrane or cell lysis. (wikipedia.org)
However, increased ACE2 expression may upregulate the viral load indirectly by increasing the baseline level of infectious virus particles. (spandidos-publications.com)
The first non-retroviral endogenous virus described was bornavirus, a virus with a negative-stranded RNA genome. (virology.ws)
Endogenous non-retroviral RNA virus elements in mammalian genomes. (virology.ws)
Initiation of translation of the cauliflower mosaic virus genome from a polycistronic mRNA: evidence from deletion mutagenesis. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Recombination in a plant virus: template-switching in cauliflower mosaic virus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
La microbiología forense es un área científica que ha surgido con la necesidad de investigar los delitos biológicos, como en el caso de la transmisión intencional del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). (scielo.sa.cr)
Deciphering human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission and early envelope diversification by single-genome amplification and sequencing. (scienceopen.com)
To investigate the extent to which drug resistance mutations are missed by standard genotyping methods, we analyzed the same plasma samples from 26 patients with suspected multidrug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by using a newly developed single-genome sequencing technique and compared it to standard genotype analysis. (scienceopen.com)
For this purpose, the VP2 gene of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) was cloned into CVRM genome by recombination. (thepoultrysite.com)
When confronted with new viral outbreaks, such as the recent devastating Ebola virus epidemic, we also struggle to deploy these technologies in a systematic and concerted way despite a critical need to support public health interventions. (europa.eu)
The first generation (G1) of engineered OVs mainly focus on manipulating within virus genome. (biomedcentral.com)
Wuhan strain will continue to arise, yet not all viral variants generated through mutation of the virus are important or have immediate public health relevance. (who.int)
The VOC differ from the original Wuhan virus as they have mutations across the genome. (who.int)

Filoviruses are ancient and integrated into mammalian genomes. (virology.ws)
Mammalian genomes contain hundreds of thousands of ancient viral fossils similar to ERV-Fc,' says lead author William E. Diehl from the University of Massachusetts, who conducted the study while a post-doctoral researcher at Boston College. (infectioncontroltoday.com)

ALGENTECH has developed proprietary molecular tools for editing the genome of eukaryotic cells. (prnewswire.com)
The organisation and evolution of the eukaryotic genomes. (lu.se)

Lastly, the recombinogenic nature of tombusvirus genomes has made them ideal systems for studying RNA-RNA recombination and genetic rearrangements, both in vivo and in vitro. (uky.edu)
The 5′-terminal region of a tombusvirus genome determines the origin of multivesicular bodies. (microbiologyresearch.org)

With the leap of gene cloning in the molecular virology, the scientists focus on improvement of their antitumor specificity and efficiency by manipulating the viral genomes. (biomedcentral.com)

We present the analysis of the genome sequence of MYXV SG33 vaccine strain, which confirms the presence of a large right-end deletion and shows evidence of a field recombination between a wild-type and a vaccine strain. (cdc.gov)
A lot of the software relies on much higher sequence divergence to be able to detect those recombination events. (genestogenomes.org)
A genome sequence of 189,344 bp encoding 166 open reading frames (ORFs) was obtained. (cdc.gov)

It is therefore not surprising to find that circular genomes have evolved mechanisms to ensure that multimers can be effectively converted to monomers. (gla.ac.uk)

The full genomes of SARS-CoV-2 and several closely related bat coronaviruses suggest they shared a common ancestor several decades ago. (scientificamerican.com)
To determine their relationship to SARS-CoV-2, researchers often compare their entire genomes, which are about 30,000 nucleotides long. (scientificamerican.com)
In the case of SARS-CoV-2, the genetics community swung into action immediately, and the widespread availability of inexpensive, rapid sequencing meant that new genomes were being produced daily. (genestogenomes.org)
We had so many SARS-CoV-2 genomes sequenced in such a short time that when we wrote up the paper [in October 2020], there were already 300,000 genomes sequenced and assembled," says Pockrandt. (genestogenomes.org)
Overall, these assays and approaches detect specific mutations or features such as insertions, deletions and point mutations in the SARS CoV-2 genome that are characteristic of a particular VOC/VOI using PCR. (who.int)
Evidence for Recombination as an Evolutionary Mechanism in Coronaviruses: Is SARS-CoV-2 an Exception? (who.int)

Integrase (Int), excisionase (Xis), and integration host factor (IHF) are the enzymes that catalyze the integration and excision of the viral genome, at the previously mentioned att sites of the viral and host genomes. (igem.org)

Therefore, to capture the heterogeneity of the HEV quasispecies, including recombination events and SNP that occur with very low frequencies, we developed new sequencing approaches for HEV genotype 3 based on the amplification of the near full-length genome of HEV by long-range PCR (lrPCR) followed by subsequent next-generation sequencing (NGS) and third-generation sequencing. (nature.com)
Since neither the dif/Xer, nor the loxP/Cie system caused this suppression when located in other positions on the chromosome, close to oriC or within lacZ, this reinforces the idea that site-specific recombination must occur in the terminus region in order to allow normal chromosome segregation. (gla.ac.uk)

Determining the minimum dose of viral particles required to cause mortality in rabbits is an important input for in vivo studies. (biomedcentral.com)

Sampling bats for coronaviruses could possibly identify viral fragments that are more closely related than those found in known coronaviruses so far, but probably won't reveal one direct ancestor, he says. (scientificamerican.com)

In addition to new methods of nuclear genome editing, ALGENTECH is a pioneer in the transformation of the mitochondrial genome and the development of self-replicative molecules for multigenic expression in chloroplasts with vast fields of application, particularly in synthetic biology. (prnewswire.com)

Preliminary analyses of the SG33 genome showed a large deletion near the right end of the genome ( 14 , 15 ). (cdc.gov)

Additional sequencing of the entire poliovirus genome at the CDC polio laboratory confirmed that this strain was a VDPV, with 2.3% divergence in the VP1 region from the parent Sabin type 1 strain. (cdc.gov)
It is also shown that recombination by the loxP/Cre system of bacteriophage PI will suppress the phenotype of a dif deletion strain when loxP is inserted in the terminus region. (gla.ac.uk)

Despite the high variability observed, some essential parts of the HIV genome are highly conserved. (uni-muenchen.de)
We will scrutinise the reservoir dynamics of HCV by sequencing complete hepacivirus genomes from infected samples emerging from a large-scale screening of African rodents, and analyze the cross-species transmission history using novel evolutionary methods that accommodate spatial and temporal variability in selective pressures. (europa.eu)

Mutations in other regions of the genome may also be informative for known VOI/VOC detection. (who.int)
CoV-2 genome and can be targeted as a region for detection of VOC/VOI. (who.int)

In all cases, recombination could lead to integration of viral DNA into the host chromosome. (virology.ws)
In Escherichia coli and related bacteria, we believe that both plasmids and the bacterial chromosome use site-specific recombination to convert multimers to monomers. (gla.ac.uk)
On rare non-specific recombination, the viral genome can be integrated in host chromosome . (expasy.org)

Cauliflower Mosaic Viral Promoter - A Recipe for Disaster? (i-sis.org.uk)
This paper examines the safety implication of recent revelations on the recombination hotspot of the cauliflower mosaic viral (CaMV) promoter, which is in practically all current transgenic crops released commercially or undergoing field trials. (i-sis.org.uk)

The genome analysis showed a newly observed mutation in the 5′ untranslated region of a lagovirus, whose role remains unknown. (biomedcentral.com)

New revelations concerning the CaMV recombination hotspot (3) have prompted us to consider the safety implications of the CaMV promoter. (i-sis.org.uk)

The issuance of this patent in the United States in the field of nuclear genome editing is a major step in our strategy and strengthens our intellectual property portfolio in a sector that has revolutionized genomics in recent years," says Alexander Sorokin , President of Algentech. (prnewswire.com)

Pestiviruses account for important diseases in animals such as Classical swine fever (CSF) and Bovine viral diarrhoea / Mucosal disease (BVD/MD). According to the current O.I.E. list CSF and BVD/MD are notifiable diseases and eradication programms are administered in many countries worldwide. (bionity.com)

MicrobiologyBytes: Iridoviruses, archived from the original on February 24, 2007, retrieved 2007-03-06 Viral Bioinformatics Resource Center & Viral Bioinformatics - Canada, University of Victoria, archived from the original on August 17, 2007, retrieved 2007-03-06 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Iridoviridae. (wikipedia.org)
Genome structure, comparative genomics, and bioinformatics. (lu.se)

Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect viral RNA in brain tissue. (who.int)

Length of the six Vietnamese DuCV genomes obtained ranged from 1,988 to 1,995 nucleotides. (researchsquare.com)

How are non-retroviral genomes integrated into the host DNA? (virology.ws)
In general, Gateway reactions in the lab involve the attB, attP, attL, and attR recombination sites and the integrase (Int), excisionase (Xis), and integration host factor (IHF) enzymes. (igem.org)
The product of viral gene VI was present in all plants tested, but no other viral gene products could be detected in any host. (microbiologyresearch.org)
These results describe the first Oceanospirillum phage, vB_OliS_GJ44, that represents a novel viral cluster and exhibits interesting genetic features related to phage-host interactions and evolution. (biomedcentral.com)

Several attempts have been made toward identification of S/MARs in genomes of various organisms including human. (researchgate.net)
Recombination, a process similar to sexual reproduction in higher organisms, can accelerate the accumulation of resistance mutations by mixing the contents of distinct viral genomes and expedite the failure of therapy. (medindia.net)
Strategies for gene therapy and production of medicines via genetically-modified organisms (expression vectors and viral vectors). (lu.se)

Mobile DNA elements and the dynamics of genomes. (lu.se)

As the cell makes new copies of the viral genome, errors regularly creep in. (genestogenomes.org)

Using this new approach, we not only identified several insertions of human (AHNAK, RPL18) and viral origin (RdRp-derived) in the HVR-region isolated from an exemplary sample but detected a variant containing two different insertions simultaneously (AHNAK- and RdRp-derived). (nature.com)
The genome of human bocavirus. (medscape.com)

For those of us with an interest in viral genetics I have started this thread to look at the little data that is now available. (flutrackers.com)
Their results, published in GENETICS , identified 225 likely instances of recombination, a type of genetic swapping between different variants. (genestogenomes.org)

Such dimeric molecules might create difficulties in segregation at cell division, or in packaging when the circles are viral. (gla.ac.uk)

Anatomy17

Organisms15

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs61

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment28

Phenomena and Processes150

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science11

Health Care3

Replication20

Homologous recombination7

Viruses29

Sequences22

Proteins13

Genes4

Recombinant6

Single-stranded5

Genomic4

Phylogenetic2

Infection9

Nucleotide3

Characterization3

Protein3

Coronavirus4

Synthesis4

Pathogenesis3

Pathogens2

Double-stranded2

Isolates2

Whose genome1

Virus18

Mammalian2

Eukaryotic2

Tombusvirus2

Molecular1

Sequence3

Circular1

SARS6

Excision1

Occur2

Vivo1

Fragments1

Mitochondrial1

Analyses1

Strain2

Variability2

Detection2

Chromosome3

Cauliflower2

Mutation1

CaMV1

Nuclear1

Mucosal1

Bioinformatics2

Transcription1

Nucleotides1

Host4

Organisms3

Dynamics1

Copies1

Human2

Genetics2

Packaging1