Receptors odorant. Medical search. Frequent questions

The OR genes appear to be a single lineage nested within the gustatory receptor (GR) family. (wikipedia.org)
An excess of SNP-level similarity was observed in class I of the MHC, and in a locus on chromosome 9 near eight consecutive functional odorant receptor genes. (biomedcentral.com)
We show that expression is restricted to subsets of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) for a number of these genes. (edu.au)
Some of the genes are not expressed in a mutant of the Acj6 POU-domain transcription factor, a mutant in which a subset of ORNs show abnormal odorant specificities. (edu.au)
Most Drosophila olfactory neurons express two types of odorant receptor genes: Or83b, a broadly expressed receptor of unknown function, and one or more members of a family of 61 selectively expressed receptors. (ox.ac.uk)
The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. (nih.gov)
The nomenclature assigned to the olfactory receptor genes and proteins for this organism is independent of other organisms. (nih.gov)
We have recently applied the NanoString digital platform to study expression of mouse odorant receptor genes, which form with 1,200 members the largest gene family in the mouse genome. (biomedcentral.com)
Gene-wise statistical analyses of gene expression data, for which the significance relative to a fold change threshold is important, give reproducible and reliable results on NanoString data of mouse odorant receptor genes. (biomedcentral.com)
To help elucidate the recognition spectra, the team led by Dietmar Krautwurst at LSB is using a collection of all human olfactory receptor genes and their most common genetic variants to decipher their function using a test cell system. (leibniz-gemeinschaft.de)
OR2M7 is among many olfactory genes that code for olfactory receptors, which are proteins that detect airborne molecules and initiate a relay of signaling back to the brain. (helix.com)
Genetic Basis of Olfactory Cognition: Extremely High Level of DNA Sequence Polymorphism in Promoter Regions of the Human Olfactory Receptor Genes Revealed Using the 1000 Genomes Project Dataset. (helix.com)
2003). „Complex transcription and splicing of odorant receptor genes. (wikipedia.org)
Recent studies have investigated the effects of RNA interference (RNAi) targeting the Vitellogenin (Vg4) and Vitellogenin receptor (VgR) genes, which are involved in egg formation in this pest, providing a theoretical foundation for developing new strategies to manage D. citri populations. (bvsalud.org)

Or83b mutation disrupts behavioral and electrophysiological responses to many odorants, which supports the second model that OR plays a general rather than specific role in olfaction. (wikipedia.org)
In addition, ORs were recently shown to be expressed in many nonolfactory tissues and cells, indicating that these receptors have physiological and pathophysiological roles beyond olfaction. (bmbreports.org)
Or83b therefore encodes an atypical odorant receptor that plays an essential general role in olfaction. (ox.ac.uk)
Personal receptor repertoires: olfaction as a model. (nih.gov)
Odorants can also be perceived by entering the nose posteriorly through the nasopharynx to reach the olfactory receptor via retronasal olfaction. (medscape.com)

Odorant receptors (ORs) belong to a large gene family of rhodopsin-like G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). (aspetjournals.org)
Odorant receptors (ORs) are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are essential for detecting and distinguishing among odorants. (bmbreports.org)
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) belong to the largest class of drug targets. (mdpi.com)
Olfactory receptors are G protein-coupled receptors that serve to detect odorants in the nose. (nih.gov)

The potential strategy involved would be to create small molecules that mimic the Or83b mutation and inhibit the receptor and disperse them, since it would be impractical to mutate the gene for the receptor in an entire population of disease-spreading insects. (wikipedia.org)
In mammals, the perception of smell starts with the activation of odorant receptors (ORs) by volatile molecules in the environment. (duke.edu)
The mammalian olfactory system uses a large family of odorant receptors to detect and discriminate amongst a myriad of volatile odor molecules. (duke.edu)
Although insects have proven to be valuable models for exploring the function, organization, and development of the olfactory system, the receptor molecules that bind odors have not been identified in any insect. (edu.au)
Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. (nih.gov)
To stimulate the olfactory receptors, airborne molecules must pass through the nasal cavity with relatively turbulent air currents and contact the receptors. (medscape.com)
The olfactory system has to recognize a vast number of molecules with only a few hundred odor receptors or even less," says Rockefeller neuroscientist Vanessa Ruta . (rockefeller.edu)
While most receptors are precisely shaped to pair with only a few select molecules in a lock-and-key fashion, most olfactory receptors each bind to a large number of different molecules. (rockefeller.edu)
The researchers chose OR5, a receptor from the jumping bristletail with broad recognition ability, responding to 60 percent of the small molecules they tested. (rockefeller.edu)
Similarly, changes in the DNA can also cause the olfactory receptors to recognize different molecules, or to be less sensitive to those molecules 1 . (helix.com)
The gas molecules of an odorant are captured on a solid surface. (cdc.gov)
Structure modelling of odorant receptor from and identification of potential repellent molecules. (ncbs.res.in)

When mutating the Or83b gene, larval Drosophila do not travel towards an area of ethyl acetate which is an important odorant related to rotting fruit. (wikipedia.org)
Scholars@Duke publication: Identification of multiple odorant receptors essential for pyrethrum repellency in Drosophila melanogaster. (duke.edu)
Calmodulin affects sensitization of Drosophila melanogaster odorant receptors. (mpg.de)
Phosphorylation via PKC regulates the function of the Drosophila odorant coreceptor. (mpg.de)

In vivo calcium imaging of the flies' brains stimulated with citrus enabled the researchers to identify the corresponding odorant receptor. (mpg.de)

Responses of olfactory sensory neurons to odorants are intensely enhanced with the addition of small endogenous and engineered zinc nanoparticles, as shown by physiological experiments. (nist.gov)
Although mechanisms operating at the level of single sensory neuron types or sensilla in the periphery have also been implicated in this process [ 14 - 21 ], the contributions of sensory neurons to mediating odorant discrimination and olfactory behavioral plasticity are not fully understood. (plos.org)
G Protein-coupled odorant receptors underlie mechanosensitivity in mammalian olfactory sensory neurons. (upenn.edu)
Smell is the only sensory system with a back up, which throughout most of adult life forms new sensory neurons that express specific odor receptors. (scitechdaily.com)

Odorant receptors (ORs), the largest subfamily of G proteincoupled receptors, detect odorants in the nose. (bmbreports.org)
This may suggest gender-specific differences in the ability to detect distinct odorants, specifically human host-derived volatiles. (ijbs.com)
Insects detect and discriminate volatile odorants by means of olfactory receptor neurons (ORN) located in sensory structures called olfactory sensilla. (ijbs.com)
The team found, for instance, that the 1,200 different types of odor receptors do more than just detect smells in the environment, but they also act as a sort of molecular glue, expressed late in maturation, that locks axons into proper targets in the brain. (scitechdaily.com)
The smell receptors detect odorants and send information on to parts of the cerebral cortex. (lu.se)

While the conventional odorant receptors are highly divergent, Or83b is remarkably conserved between insect species. (ox.ac.uk)
The team turned to the jumping bristletail, a ground-dwelling insect whose genome has been recently sequenced and has only five kinds of olfactory receptors. (rockefeller.edu)
Although the jumping bristletail's olfactory system is simple, its receptors belong to a large family of receptors with tens of millions of variants thought to exist in hundreds of thousands of different insect species. (rockefeller.edu)
Characterization and regulation of insect odorant receptors. (mpg.de)
Topology prediction of insect olfactory receptors. (ncbs.res.in)
In A Natural Polymorphism Alters Odour and DEET Sensitivity in an Insect Odorant Receptor , an article appearing in the Sept., 21, 2011, edition of Nature , the researchers suggest that the compound interferes with smell-sensing neurons in insect antennae. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
The researchers suggest that DEET functions as a modulator of the odor-gated ion channel formed by the insect odorant receptor complex. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
The functional insect odorant receptor complex consists of the common co-receptor (ORCO) and one or more variable odorant receptor subunits that confer odor selectivity. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)

Additionally, these receptors are expressed in other tissues, where they have functions outside the canonical smell response. (nih.gov)
The sense of smell is mediated through stimulation of the olfactory receptor cells by volatile chemicals. (medscape.com)
Despite their diversity, these receptors function the same way: They form an ion channel-a pore through which charged particles flow-that opens only when the receptor encounters its target odorant, ultimately activating the sensory cells that initiate the sense of smell. (rockefeller.edu)
We hypothesize that the receptor we identified, OR5M3, has a very specific recognition spectrum for food ingredients that smell caramel-like. (leibniz-gemeinschaft.de)
Predicted to act upstream of or within G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway and sensory perception of smell. (jax.org)

The human olfactory receptor gene family. (nih.gov)

Odor-detection in the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae involves large families of diverse proteins, including multiple odorant binding proteins (AgOBPs) and olfactory receptors (AgORs). (ijbs.com)

Since Or83b responds not to specific odors but to odors in general the Or83b receptor must respond to a feature of other ORs that it has coevolved with. (wikipedia.org)
Two models could account for Or83b function: it could interact with specific odor stimuli independent of conventional odorant receptors, or it could act in concert with these receptors to mediate responses to all odors. (ox.ac.uk)
The receptors AgOR1 and AgOR2, as well as the binding protein AgOBP1, have been implicated in the recognition of human host odors. (ijbs.com)
Their promiscuity in pairing with a variety of odors allows each receptor to respond to many chemical components. (rockefeller.edu)

Or83b, also known as Orco (short for "odorant receptor co-receptor"), is an odorant receptor and the corresponding gene that encodes it. (wikipedia.org)
This olfactory receptor gene is a segregating pseudogene, where some individuals have an allele that encodes a functional olfactory receptor, while other individuals have an allele encoding a protein that is predicted to be non-functional. (nih.gov)

Our finding demonstrates that functional characterization of ORs leads to the discovery of novel semiochemicals that have not yet been found through chemical analysis of odorants from insects and their associated host plants. (frontiersin.org)
Mammalian Odorant Receptors: Functional Evolution and Variation. (helix.com)
RTP family members induce functional expression of mammalian odorant receptors. (genscript.com)

We found significant similarity between spouses in the MHC at class I region in chromosome 6p21, and at the odorant receptor family 13 locus in chromosome 9. (biomedcentral.com)

Consistent with this cellular defect, the Or83b mutation disrupts behavioral and electrophysiological responses to many odorants. (ox.ac.uk)
Non-PEGylated and PEGylated zinc nanoparticles were tested by electroolfactogram with isolated rat olfactory epithelium and odorant responses evoked by the mixture of ethyl butyrate, eugenol, and (+) and (-) carvone. (nist.gov)
We show that these opposing responses are driven via engagement of distinct odorant-directed signal transduction pathways within AWC. (plos.org)
Cadmium exposures inhibited behavioral responses towards L-cysteine and conspecific odorants, with effects persisting following the depuration. (cdc.gov)

Complicating the matter, there seems to be no rhyme or reason to the receptors' preferences-an individual odor receptor can respond to compounds that are both structurally and chemically different. (rockefeller.edu)
This odorant is structurally closely related to furaneol. (leibniz-gemeinschaft.de)
Of these, only one other odorant, the structurally similar 4-ethylphenol, was able to significantly activate the receptor. (technologynetworks.com)

This review describes OR expression in various types of cancer and the association of these receptors with various types of signaling mechanisms. (bmbreports.org)
Mammalian neuropeptide Y receptors (NPYRs) show significant homology with sNPFR1 (ref. 7 ) and treatment of rat insulinoma cells with the mammalian sNPF orthologue NPY enhances their expression of insulin 5 . (nature.com)
Schymura D, Forstner M, Schultze A, Kröber T, Swevers L, Iatrou K, Krieger J. Antennal expression pattern of two olfactory receptors and an odorant binding protein implicated in host odor detection by the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae . (ijbs.com)
In this study, we have explored the expression of these olfactory proteins, as well as the ubiquitous odorant receptor heteromerization partner AgOR7, in the thirteen flagellomeres (segments) of female and male antenna. (ijbs.com)
and reduced expression of mRNAs encoding major coho odorant receptors (ORs). (cdc.gov)

In the present study, the researchers examined a total of 391 human odorant receptor types and 225 of their most common variants. (leibniz-gemeinschaft.de)
The researchers tested which of more than 600 human odorant receptor variants responded to para-cresol. (technologynetworks.com)
This showed the researchers that DEET can directly interact with odorant receptors. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
This could provide a starting point for new leukaemia therapies, as researchers from Bochum report in a current study.Olfactory receptors exist not only in the nose, but also in many other parts of the body, including the liver, the prostate and the intestines. (earthscape.org)
Researchers headed by Prof Dr Dr Dr Hanns Hatt from the Ruhr-Universität Bochum have now demonstrated them in white blood cells in humans.Together with colleagues from the Essen University Hospital, the Bochum-based group identified the receptor OR2AT4 in a cultivated cell line, taken from patients suffering from chronic myelogenous leukaemia. (earthscape.org)
The researchers identified the same receptor in white blood cells isolated from blood freshly obtained from patients suffering from acute myeloid leukaemia. (earthscape.org)

The odorant receptor Or83b is not exclusively expressed in insects. (wikipedia.org)
Primitive olfactory receptors of the jumping bristletail are thought to be amongst the most evolutionarily ancient versions of olfactory receptors in insects. (rockefeller.edu)
My aim is to identify the odorant receptors that are important for the ecology of these insects and which can be targeted for environmentally safe and efficient pest control. (lu.se)

The discovery of spatial pyrethrum repellency and olfactory response to pyrethrum in D. melanogaster facilitated our identification of four odorant receptors, Or7a, Or42b, Or59b and Or98a that are responsive to pyrethrum. (duke.edu)
The team found that an odorant receptor (OR59B) on the olfactory neurons in the insensitive flies differs from the receptors in sensitive strains by just one amino acid, but they think this is enough to make the flies insensitive to DEET. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)

Within a sensillum, ORNs are accompanied by several support cells, which secrete odorant binding proteins (OBPs) into the sensillum lymph [ 6 , 7 ]. (ijbs.com)

Approximately half of the members of the human GPCR superfamily are chemosensory receptors, including odorant receptors (ORs), trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs), bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs), sweet and umami taste receptors (TAS1Rs). (mdpi.com)
Each chemosensory neuron type in C . elegans expresses multiple chemoreceptors that are likely tuned to different odorants, a subset of which can be behaviorally discriminated [ 27 , 28 ]. (plos.org)
Rattus norvegicus receptor (chemosensory) transporter protein 2 (Rtp2), mRNA. (genscript.com)

In female mosquitoes, AgOR1-expressing olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) were almost exclusively segregated in segments 3 to 9, whereas AgOR2-expressing ORNs were distributed over flagellomeres 2 to 13. (ijbs.com)

One proposes are that it could interact with specific odor stimuli independently of other odorant receptors (ORs). (wikipedia.org)

This context-dependent reversal of odorant preference is driven by cell-autonomous inversion of the response to these alcohols in the single AWC olfactory neuron pair. (plos.org)
Our results indicate that context-dependent recruitment of alternative intracellular signaling pathways within a single sensory neuron type conveys opposite hedonic valences, thereby providing a robust mechanism for odorant encoding and discrimination at the periphery. (plos.org)
Reference: "Odorant receptors regulate the final glomerular coalescence of olfactory sensory neuron axons" by Diego J. Rodriguez-Gil, Dianna L. Bartel, Austin W. Jaspers, Arie S. Mobley, Fumiaki Imamura and Charles A. Greer, 20 April 2015, PNAS . (scitechdaily.com)

Dendritic localization of conventional odorant receptors is abolished in Or83b mutants. (ox.ac.uk)
Olfactory receptor 1393 (Olfr1393) was recently identified as a novel regulator of Na + -glucose cotransporter 1 (Sglt1) localization in the renal proximal tubule. (nih.gov)

To this end, the team examined 186 other substances that are key odorants and therefore play a major role in shaping the aroma of food. (leibniz-gemeinschaft.de)
To do this, they tested 176 substances known as key food odorants, which play an important role in shaping the aroma of food. (technologynetworks.com)
Add additional odorants or substances into the atmosphere to change the perceived intensity or character of an odor. (cdc.gov)
The proteins in the cell membrane function as pumps, receptors and transporters and regulate which substances find their way into and out of the cell. (lu.se)

Key food furanones furaneol and sotolone specifically activate distinct odorant receptors , J Agric Food Chem. (leibniz-gemeinschaft.de)

Humans have between 6-10 million of these neurons, each one using a single type of olfactory receptor which detects specific types of chemicals 1 . (helix.com)

A new study shows which types of olfactory receptors humans use to perceive this odorant. (leibniz-gemeinschaft.de)
Nevertheless, until now it was unknown which of the approximately 400 different types of olfactory receptors humans use to perceive this odorant. (leibniz-gemeinschaft.de)
A research team led by the Leibniz Institute of Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich has now discovered which odorant receptor humans use to perceive para-cresol. (technologynetworks.com)

Odorant receptors (ORs) interface animals with airborne chemical signals. (frontiersin.org)

Subtle differences in the receptor sensitivity to specific odorants may provide clues to species- or strain-specific approaches to host-seeking and host selection. (nih.gov)

Responsiveness of G protein-coupled odorant receptors is partially attributed to the activation mechanism. (upenn.edu)

This permitted characterization with a panel of odorants that were selected, in part, for their presence in the human odor profile. (nih.gov)

Anatomy19

Organisms10

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs41

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment2

Psychiatry and Psychology8

Phenomena and Processes12

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care3

Genes14

Olfaction5

Protein-coupled receptors4

Molecules12

Drosophila4

Identify the corresp1

Sensory neurons4

Detect5

Insect8

Smell5

Human olfactory receptor gene family1

Multiple odorant1

Odors4

Encodes2

Functional3

Family 131

Responses4

Structurally3

Expression5

Researchers6

Insects3

Or59b2

OBPs1

Chemosensory3

ORNs1

Specific odor1

Neuron3

Localization2

Substances4

Distinct1

Detects1

Humans3

Airborne1

Sensitivity1

Responsiveness1

Characterization1