• Here, we examine whether neural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult subventricular zone (SVZ) lie close to blood vessels, using three-dimensional whole mounts, confocal microscopy, and automated computer-based image quantification. (nih.gov)
  • Then the long-standing expertise in neural stem cells of the collaborators at the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) came in: Studying stem cells first in a dish and then later directly in mice, they could experimentally validate the computational prediction. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The dentate gyrus contains adult neural stem cells, and is a site for the creation of new neurons, while the CA3 region contains receptors for glucocorticoids, which are steroids that are elevated in the brain during stress. (ucsf.edu)
  • In the brain of adult mammals neural stem cells ensure that new nerve cells, i.e. neurons, are constantly formed. (uni-heidelberg.de)
  • These neural stem cells are located in the subventricular zone near the lateral cerebral ventricle. (uni-heidelberg.de)
  • They used genetically modified animals whose neural stem cells were dyed green using a dye active in the cell nucleus. (uni-heidelberg.de)
  • Researchers from the University of California San Francisco and Gladstone Institutes in the USA, and the Aga Khan University in Pakistan, investigated if human neural cells can be infected by SARS-CoV-2. (aku.edu)
  • Interestingly, the study team found significant SARS-Cov-2 infection of the astrocytes - star-shaped neural cells that hold neurons in place and help with their proper functioning while the other neural cell types showed minimal infection in the brain. (aku.edu)
  • This suggests that astrocytes are more susceptible to infection compared to other neural cell types. (aku.edu)
  • By virtue of expressions of glial and neural surface markers and capability of neurotransmitter metabolism, amniotic epithelial cells are considered as candidate cell type for transplantation strategies to treat neurological disorders. (scielo.org.ar)
  • At this juncture, through the present study it was found that, chicken neural retinal cells when grown alone failed to survive and contrarily when either co-cultured with chicken amniotic epithelial cells / cultured in amniotic epithelial cell conditioned medium not only survived but also showed extensive differentiation. (scielo.org.ar)
  • Further studies will establish the nature of this novel factor which will enhance the application of this interesting cell type for neural transplantations. (scielo.org.ar)
  • Next, I will describe some work on the differentiation of neural precursor cells isolated from human olfactory epithelium (OE). (gatech.edu)
  • These neural precursor cells can be easily harvested from a minimally invasive nasal biopsy, making them a valuable cell source to study human neural cell lineages in health and disease. (gatech.edu)
  • We examined the impact of changes in glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) activity on the fate of adult human OE neural precursors in vitro. (gatech.edu)
  • The results indicated that GSK-3 inhibition promotes the early stages of neuronal differentiation and decrease proliferation in cultures of adult human neural precursors. (gatech.edu)
  • TLX is an orphan receptor that is expressed by neural stem/progenitor cells in the adult brain of the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the dentate gyrus (DG). (umbc.edu)
  • It plays a key role in neural development by promoting cell cycle progression and preventing apoptosis in the developing brain. (umbc.edu)
  • Age-Dependent Niche Signals from the Choroid Plexus Regulate Adult Neural Stem Cells. (ucsf.edu)
  • In neonates, this area is a dense neural sheet, but, in children and adults, the respiratory and olfactory tissues interdigitate. (medscape.com)
  • CD133+), but are rarely codetected with the neural stem dents, very few human-specific NSC markers have been cell (NSC) marker CD15. (lu.se)
  • To ensure self-renewal, stem cells undergo two types of cell division (see Stem cell division and differentiation diagram). (wikipedia.org)
  • The dynamics of RACK1 levels in isolated adult SC of mice, i.e., progressively high during differentiation and low compared to proliferating conditions, and RACK1 silencing indicated that RACK1 promotes both the formation of myotubes and the accretion of nascent myotubes. (sdbonline.org)
  • From their computational model, the researchers at the LCSB identified a molecule called sFRP5 that keeps the neuronal stem cells inactive in old mice, and prevents proliferation by blocking the Wnt pathway crucial for cell differentiation. (sciencedaily.com)
  • A receptor of the same name plays a vital role, controlling the speed at which the cells multiply and monitoring the cell differentiation process. (uni-heidelberg.de)
  • Ghasemi-Mobarakeh L, Prabhakaran MP, Tian L, Shamirzaei-Jeshvaghani E, Dehghani L, Ramakrishna S. Structural properties of scaffolds: Crucial parameters towards stem cells differentiation. (wjgnet.com)
  • Scaffolds play an important role in tissue engineering as a substrate that can mimic the native extracellular matrix and the properties of scaffolds have been shown to affect the cell behavior such as the cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation. (wjgnet.com)
  • The presence of 'stem cell-like' cells has previously been postulated based on sphere-forming capacity and differentiation in vitro 1 and evidence for the presence of label-retaining cells in the distal fallopian tube 2 . (nature.com)
  • Our data reveal a significant overlap between Notch-dependent genes in the fallopian epithelium and the defined 'stem cell signature' of the mouse intestine, suggesting the existence of a conserved pathway that regulates tissue renewal and directly controls cell fate specification and differentiation in the organoid by inhibiting cilliogenesis. (nature.com)
  • Experiments revealed that the fusion protein activates unusual signaling pathways during PSC differentiation leading to changes in cycling and survival of the red cells. (ca.gov)
  • Unlimited self renewal capacity and differentiation potential make human pluripotent stem cells (PSC) a promising source for the ex vivo manufacture of red blood cells (RBC) for safe transfusion. (ca.gov)
  • We used primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) samples and human AML cell lines to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of autophagy and its role in AML differentiation. (hindawi.com)
  • We found a significantly lower expression of key autophagy- (ATG-) related genes in primary AML as compared to healthy granulocytes, an increased autophagic activity during all- trans retinoic acid- (ATRA-) induced neutrophil differentiation, and an impaired AML differentiation upon inhibition of ATG3, ATG4D, and ATG5. (hindawi.com)
  • Many existing tissue-engineering approaches focus on delivery of selected proteins (growth factors, transcription factors etc.) or nucleic acids to host or implanted stem cells to achieve lineage specific differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
  • Controlling the expansion and differentiation of stem and progenitor cells in vivo and in vitro is an important goal in regenerative medicine and for the development of patient-based, disease-relevant cellular models. (gatech.edu)
  • During the development of embryonic and adult tissues, there is stage-specific, sequential expression of cytokine receptors during differentiation. (gatech.edu)
  • Histone modifications and chromatin-associated protein complexes are crucially involved in the control of gene expression, supervising cell fate decisions and differentiation. (researchgate.net)
  • Background: Bivalent chromatin domains consisting of the activating histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) and repressive histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) histone modifications are enriched at developmental genes that are repressed in embryonic stem cells but active during differentiation. (researchgate.net)
  • The model also predicts that reprogramming the network from a differentiated state, in particular the endoderm state, into a stem cell state, is best achieved by over-expressing Nanog, rather than by suppression of differentiation genes such as Gata-6. (lu.se)
  • Adult stem cells are undifferentiated cells, found throughout the body after development, that multiply by cell division to replenish dying cells and regenerate damaged tissues. (wikipedia.org)
  • Further studies of these markers might reveal adult stem cell populations in additional tissues. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
  • By combining those two observations, Wnt drives cancer but Wnt drives healthy stem cells as well, we came up with a novel marker, LGR5, which is now widely used as a stem cell marker and LGR5 helped us to find the colon stem cell but also stem cells of many other tissues. (ecancer.org)
  • Her research group is particularly interested in developing biomaterials and cell-based therapeutics to improve regeneration of various musculoskeletal tissues including bone, cartilage, tendon, blood vessels etc. (stanford.edu)
  • In mammals, physiological Wnt signaling is intimately involved with the biology of adult stem cells and self-renewing tissues (18,19). (hubrecht.eu)
  • These epithelial organoid cultures are genetically and phenotypically extremely stable, allowing transplantation of the cultured offspring of a single stem cell, as well as disease modeling by growing organoids directly from diseased patient tissues (32, 47, 53). (hubrecht.eu)
  • They used primary human cortical tissues and cortical organoids derived from stem cells to test if SARS-CoV-2 can directly infect brain cells. (aku.edu)
  • There is growing evidence that resident progenitor cell populations exist in murine lung tissues and differentiate into a mesenchymal cell lineage [1, 2]. (keio.ac.jp)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • Human mesenchymal stem cells (HMSCs) are multipotent somatic stem cells that can be isolated from a variety of tissues such as the bone marrow, adipose tissue, and dental pulp. (frontiersin.org)
  • Symmetric division gives rise to two identical daughter stem cells, whereas asymmetric division produces one stem cell and one progenitor cell with limited self-renewal potential. (wikipedia.org)
  • We observed enhanced progenitor cell activity within the CD34+ cell population treated with Delta1 in hypoxia, but the benefits provided by low-oxygen cultures were most notable in the primitive HSC compartment. (confex.com)
  • Besides producing daughter HSCs after cell division, HSCs also produce different progenitor cell types that, in turn, divide to produce specific types of mature blood cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • In this seminar, I will first describe our investigation of the mechanisms responsible for the combinatorial cytokine dependence of stem/progenitor cell fate decisions. (gatech.edu)
  • HEK293 human embryonic kidney cell line transfected with mouse Lgr5/GPR49 and eGFP was stained with and either (A) Rat Anti-Mouse Lgr5/GPR49 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB8240) or (B) Rat IgG 2B Isotype Control (Catalog # MAB0061 ) followed by Allophycocyanin-conjugated Anti-Rat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # F0113 ). (rndsystems.com)
  • Lgr5/GPR49 was detected in immersion fixed HEK293 human embryonic kidney cell line transfected with GFP (green) tagged mouse LGR5 using Rat Anti-Mouse Lgr5/GPR49 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB8240) at 10 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. (rndsystems.com)
  • Rat Anti-Mouse Lgr5/GPR49 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB8240) induces TOPflash activity in the HEK293 human embryonic kidney cell line stably expressing LGR5 in the presence of Wnt-3a, but in the absence of R-Spondins. (rndsystems.com)
  • Also known as somatic stem cells (from Greek σωματικóς, meaning of the body), they can be found in juvenile, adult animals, and humans, unlike embryonic stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Unlike embryonic stem cells, the use of human adult stem cells in research and therapy is not considered to be controversial, as they are derived from adult tissue samples rather than human embryos designated for scientific research. (wikipedia.org)
  • Erythropoiesis from human embryonic stem cells through erythropoietin-independent AKT signaling. (ca.gov)
  • In addition, the red cells produced are of an immature type, expressing mostly embryonic rather than adult hemoglobin. (ca.gov)
  • Current methods to induce erythropoiesis from PSC suffer from low yields of RBCs, most of which are immature and contain embryonic and fetal rather than adult hemoglobins. (ca.gov)
  • The goal of the present study was to investigate the potential of ic-MPL dimerization to induce erythropoiesis from human embryonic stem cells (hESC) and to identify the signaling pathways activated by this strategy. (ca.gov)
  • 2001) had found amniotic epithelial cells conditioned medium showed neurotrophic effect on rat embryonic day 18 (E18) cortical neurons. (scielo.org.ar)
  • Many promoters in embryonic stem (ES) cells harbor a distinctive histone modification signature that combines the activating histone H3 Lys 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) mark an. (researchgate.net)
  • Background: Recent studies have associated the transcription factors, Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog as parts of a self-regulating network which is responsible for maintaining embryonic stem cell properties: self renewal and pluripotency. (lu.se)
  • At the core of the network reside Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog, into embryonic stem cells [1,2,3,4,5], have made major inroads which form a self-organized core of the TFs maintaining into stem cell biology. (lu.se)
  • The stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA4) is com- isolate the NSCs from neonatal mice and rats (Campos monly used as a cell surface marker to identify the pluri- et al. (lu.se)
  • 2005). Notch1 and syndecan-1 potent human embryonic stem (ES) cells. (lu.se)
  • Multipotency or multidifferentiative potential is the ability to generate progeny of several distinct cell types, (for example glial cells and neurons) as opposed to unipotency, which is the term for cells that are restricted to producing a single cell type. (wikipedia.org)
  • This new type of stem cell, and not the one previously known, is primarily involved in the production of new neurons in the olfactory bulb of adult mice. (uni-heidelberg.de)
  • They were once believed to form the precursor cells that then differentiate in the olfactory bulb of mice into interneurons, nerve cells that modulate stimuli transmission between interconnecting neurons. (uni-heidelberg.de)
  • At first, we thought that they could be astrocytes, helper cells that ensure that the neurons are able to do their work. (uni-heidelberg.de)
  • The researchers determined that the basal - and not the apical - stem cells are responsible for the formation of neurons in the olfactory bulb. (uni-heidelberg.de)
  • To prove this, they separately labelled both cell populations and then observed whether labelled neurons turned up in the olfactory bulb. (uni-heidelberg.de)
  • When only apical stem cells were labelled, no new labelled neurons could be detected in the olfactory bulb. (uni-heidelberg.de)
  • Neurons and glial cells are physically injured and/or dying because of direct trauma. (nascic.org)
  • Astrocytes - a star-shaped glial cell in the brain and spinal cord that provides nutrients to neurons, holds neurons in place, and participates in repairing damage after an injury. (nascic.org)
  • To distinguish the afferent role of the peripheral nervous system, phosphoinositide-interacting regulator of transient receptor potential channels (Pirt)-GCaMP3 (genetically encoded calcium sensor) mice were treated with EA acupuncture points, ST-36 and LIV-3, and GV-14 and Bai-hui and resulted in a rapid activation of primary sensory neurons. (iupui.edu)
  • For this, structural and functional consequences at synaptic interfaces built up by neurons and different types of glia cells in young and old mice will be characterized using conditional transgenic systems mimicking brain inflammaging and allowing cell-type-specific Notch/NF-kB modulation. (uni-ulm.de)
  • A protein normally found in neurons, and present in high concentrations in Lewy bodies. (michaeljfox.org)
  • Amniotic epithelial cells transplantation in Parkinson model of rats was found to reverse the condition and prevent death in neurons (Kakishita et al. (scielo.org.ar)
  • In addition to the olfactory neurons, the epithelium is composed of supporting cells, Bowman glands and ducts unique to the olfactory epithelium, and basal cells that allow for the regeneration of the epithelium, including the olfactory sensory neurons. (medscape.com)
  • The idea to use transplants of dopa- ment of protocols that allow generation of fully functional mine-producing cells to substitute for the lost midbrain and safe midbrain dopamine neurons from stem cells. (lu.se)
  • VM), showed that the recovery of motor functions induced implanted either (1) as a solid piece in the lateral ven- by the grafted fetal dopamine neurons was well cor- tricle6 or a cortical cavity8 adjacent to the denervated related with the extent of graft-derived reinnervation caudate-putamen, or (2) as a crude cell suspension of the host caudate-putamen. (lu.se)
  • Cells expressing stem cell markers, including GFAP, and proliferation markers are closely apposed to the laminin-containing extracellular matrix (ECM) surrounding vascular endothelial cells. (nih.gov)
  • Adult SVZ progenitor cells express the laminin receptor alpha6beta1 integrin, and blocking this inhibits their adhesion to endothelial cells, altering their position and proliferation in vivo, indicating that it plays a functional role in binding SVZ stem cells within the vascular niche. (nih.gov)
  • We suspect that the apical stem cells intervene in the activation of the notch signal pathway and can inhibit proliferation and neurogenesis," she adds. (uni-heidelberg.de)
  • For example, temozolomide (TMZ), of use for glioblastoma (GBM) treatment, appears as capable of inducing autophagy partially inhibiting cancer cell proliferation. (nature.com)
  • A long-standing question in stem cell biology concerns how long-lived, non-dividing ASCs regulate the transition between quiescence and proliferation. (wustl.edu)
  • Results and Conclusions: IGF-I modulated MSC chondrogenesis by stimulating proliferation, regulating cell apoptosis, and inducing expression of chondrocyte markers. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Microarray analysis reveals that inhibition of Notch signalling causes downregulation of stem cell-associated genes in parallel with decreased proliferation and increased numbers of ciliated cells and that organoids also respond to oestradiol and progesterone treatment in a physiological manner. (nature.com)
  • An FGFR1-SPRY2 Signaling Axis Limits Basal Cell Proliferation in the Steady-State Airway Epithelium. (ucsf.edu)
  • A protein known to be involved in a rare hereditary cancer syndrome may have a role in the regulation of liver stem cells and the development of liver cancer. (vetscite.org)
  • In the August 15 issue of Genes & Development, a Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) research team describes finding that the protein called merlin, encoded by the NF2 (neurofibromatosis type 2) gene, controls the activity of adult stem cells that give rise to the two major types of liver cells. (vetscite.org)
  • Originally discovered through its involvement in the rare genetic disorder neurofibromatosis type 2, the NF2 gene codes for merlin, a protein known to suppress the activity of a number of cellular receptors. (vetscite.org)
  • One of these is the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and oversignaling by that protein is known to lead to several types of cancer. (vetscite.org)
  • Colon cancer research has led to the identification of 2 related receptors, leucine-rich repeat-containing, G-protein-coupled receptors (Lgr)5 and Lgr6, that are expressed by small populations of cells in a variety of adult organs. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
  • Barker, N & Clevers, H 2010, ' Leucine-Rich Repeat-Containing G-Protein-Coupled Receptors as Markers of Adult Stem Cells ', Gastroenterology , vol. 138, nr. 5, blz. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
  • We found that the extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase (Erk1/2 MAPK) pathway mediated the TGF-β1 mitogenic response and in part the IGF-I proliferative action. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In this paper we found that if we introduced a synthetic "fusion" protein into PSC, we could produce significantly more red cells in culture and that those cells were also more mature. (ca.gov)
  • We also found that the synthetic protein acts to increase red cell production independently of the well known growth factor erythropoietin. (ca.gov)
  • In skin cells we plan to study the contribution of the protein synthesis apparatus to cellular and tissue aging. (uni-ulm.de)
  • Aggregation of the protein alpha-synuclein is found in Lewy bodies, a pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease. (michaeljfox.org)
  • The ß1-adrenoceptor (ß1AR) is a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that couples1 to the heterotrimeric G protein Gs. (bvsalud.org)
  • G-protein-mediated signalling is terminated by phosphorylation of the C terminus of the receptor by GPCR kinases (GRKs) and by coupling of ß-arrestin 1 (ßarr1, also known as arrestin 2), which displaces Gs and induces signalling through the MAP kinase pathway2. (bvsalud.org)
  • DAP-type PGN is sensed by two receptors, both members of the peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRPs) family of receptors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A recent study conducted in mice shows that blocking the receptor for the proinflammatory protein IL-1 using the FDA-approved rheumatoid arthritis drug Anakinra may attenuate the deficits in the functioning of hematopoietic stem cells due to aging. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Antibody therapies that target the CD19 protein found on the surface of B-cells are often used to treat CD19+ NHL, of which the novel CLIC-1901 treatment would be one. (vchri.ca)
  • A lab then genetically modifies the T cells so they develop a special type of protein that binds to and kill cancer cells. (ohsu.edu)
  • They stick to specific targets, such as protein on the outside of a cancer cell. (ohsu.edu)
  • The research team has discovered a type of receptor - a protein, located on the surface of the AML stem cells - which sends out signals. (lu.se)
  • It is most often associated with heterozygous mutations in the gene that encodes the Fas protein tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily 6 (TNFRSF6) and other related effector proteins that regulate lymphocyte survival. (medscape.com)
  • It is believed that the molecular distinction between symmetric and asymmetric divisions lies in the differential segregation of cell membrane proteins (such as receptors) and their associated proteins between the daughter cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Furthermore, GSOs protected cells against GLU-induced apoptosis by reducing the expression of the mitochondrial apoptosis-associated Bcl-2 family effector proteins and protected cells from GLU-induced oxidative damage by increasing the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and HO-1 expression. (sdbonline.org)
  • The novel approach led to in a new computational model developed by Dr. Srikanth Ravichandran of the Computational Biology Group: "Our model can determine which proteins are responsible for the functional state of a given stem cell in its niche -- meaning whether it will divide or remain in a state of quiescence. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Adaptor proteins, such as the sequestosome 1/p62-like receptors, which directly bind to cargos, contribute to specific molecular targeting. (nature.com)
  • In the absence of Wnt signaling, we found that Tcf factors associate with proteins of the Groucho family of transcriptional repressors to repress target gene transcription (9). (hubrecht.eu)
  • A clumping of proteins inside cell bodies in the brain, which may be toxic. (michaeljfox.org)
  • A chemical compound or substance that inhibits oxidation - damage to cells' membranes, proteins or genetic material by free radicals (the same chemical reaction that causes iron to rust). (michaeljfox.org)
  • Besides housing hematopoietic stem cells and their progeny, the endosteum and the central marrow also contain distinct cell populations that express molecules or secrete proteins, such as cytokines that regulate the formation, development, and function of HSCs and progenitor cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • These proteins are called c himeric antigen receptors (CARs). (ohsu.edu)
  • This usually achieved by exposing stem and progenitor cells to specific types and doses of cytokines, growth factors and extracellular matrix proteins. (gatech.edu)
  • Cytokines are small signaling proteins secreted by cells that can activate host immune responses, play a crucial role in biological processes like wound healing, and can also contribute to the development of diseases like cancer. (lu.se)
  • The presence of cannabinoid receptors in invertebrates has been controversial, due to conflicting evidence. (researchgate.net)
  • we therefore tested for cannabinoid receptors in seven representative species, using tritiated ligand binding assays with [3H]CP55,940 displaced by the CB1-selective antagonist SR141716A. (researchgate.net)
  • Our discovery of cannabinoid receptors in some nematodes, onychophorans, and crustaceans does not contradict the Ecdysozoa hypothesis, but gives it no support. (researchgate.net)
  • We hypothesize that cannabinoid receptors evolved in the last common ancestor of bilaterians, with secondary loss occurring in insects and other clades. (researchgate.net)
  • No cannabinoid receptors are expressed in sponges, which probably diverged before the origin of the eumetazoan ancestor. (researchgate.net)
  • This interaction between cannabinoids and cannabinoid receptors promotes homeostasis or balance within your body. (wayofleaf.com)
  • CBC is similar to CBD because it doesn't bind well to cannabinoid receptors such as CB1 and CB2. (wayofleaf.com)
  • We found that IGF-I had potent chondroinductive actions on MSCs. (elsevierpure.com)
  • We conditionally inactivated the TGF-β type II receptor (TβRII) in MSCs using a cre-lox system, generating TβRII knockout MSCs (RIIKO-MSCs). (elsevierpure.com)
  • Overall, the results presented in this study show a common mechanism of endocytosis for MSC EVs across different cell types and the feasibility to generate functionally enhanced EVs by modifications to parental MSCs. (frontiersin.org)
  • Since cancer stem cells have been hypothesized to play a role in refractory/relapsing cancers, in the present work we investigated if autophagy could represent a constitutive cytoprotection mechanism for glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) and if the modulation of autophagic process could affect GBM growth and survival. (nature.com)
  • Stains mouse Lgr5 transfected cells but not irrelevant transfectants in Flow Cytometry and Immunocytochemistry. (rndsystems.com)
  • This antibody, also known as "RD20", has been found to detect an epitope in C-terminal LRR cap of LGR5 (Ref. 1). (rndsystems.com)
  • Detection of Lgr5/GPR49 in HEK293 Human Cell Line Transfected with Mouse Lgr5/GPR49 and eGFP by Flow Cytometry. (rndsystems.com)
  • Lgr5/GPR49 in HEK293 Human Cell Line Transfected with Mouse Lgf5/GPR49. (rndsystems.com)
  • Lgr5/GPR49 in Mouse Cells Transfected with Mouse Lgr5/GPR49. (rndsystems.com)
  • Genetic mouse models have allowed the visualization, isolation, and genetic marking of Lgr5 +ve and Lgr6 +ve cells and provided evidence that they are stem cells. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
  • The Lgr5 +ve cells were found to occupy locations not commonly associated with stem cells in the stomach, small intestine, colon, and hair follicles. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
  • Single Lgr5 +ve stem cells from the small intestine and the stomach can be cultured into long-lived organoids. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
  • Identification of the ligands for Lgr5 and 6 will help elucidate stem cell functions and modes of intracellular signaling. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
  • We then realised that LGR5 is a receptor for a very potent growth factor called R-spondin and we designed cultures where we can take, we think, any type of stem cell from an adult mouse or human, culture it in a small cocktail of growth factors, the most important being R-spondin, and then have these single stem cells grow out for as long as we want. (ecancer.org)
  • The Organoid group, previously Clevers group, studies the molecular mechanisms of tissue development and cancer of various organs using organoids made from adult Lgr5 stem cells. (hubrecht.eu)
  • Amongst the intestinal Wnt target genes (13), we found the Gpr49/Lgr5 gene to be unique in that it marks small cycling cells at crypt bottoms. (hubrecht.eu)
  • The cells also represent the cells-of-origin of adenomas in the gut (25) and within adenomas Lgr5 stem cells act as adenoma stem cells (36). (hubrecht.eu)
  • Lgr5 crypt stem cells behave in unanticipated ways: Against common belief, they divide constantly and in a symmetric fashion. (hubrecht.eu)
  • Lgr5 resides in Wnt receptor complexes and mediates signaling of the Wnt-agonistic R-spondins (31), explaining the unique dependence of Lgr5 stem cells on secreted R-spondins in vivo and in vitro. (hubrecht.eu)
  • Long-term clonal culturing of organoids from Lgr5 stem cells. (hubrecht.eu)
  • Based on these combined insights, we have established Lgr5/R-spondin-based culture systems that allow the outgrowth of single mouse or human Lgr5 stem cells into ever-expanding organoids. (hubrecht.eu)
  • We study the melanocyte stem cell (MSC) to investigate the molecular pathways that regulate ASC quiescence. (wustl.edu)
  • AKT activation upregulates the GATA-1 and FOXO3 transcriptional pathways with resulting inhibition of apoptosis, modulation of cell cycle and enhanced maturation of erythroid cells. (ca.gov)
  • This response is triggered by microbial cell walls, peptidoglycans from bacteria or beta-glucans from fungi, and is regulated by two nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling pathways, the Toll and Imd pathways [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These results indicate that the two intestinal secretory peptides antagonistically regulate adult lifespan and intestinal senescence through multiple pathways, irrespective of insulin, which implicates a complementary gradient distribution of each of the hormone-producing EEs, consistent with local requirements for cell activity along the posterior midgut. (bioone.org)
  • In Drosophila with depleted RACK1 in all muscle cells or, specifically, in SC lineage resulted in a delayed recovery of skeletal muscle after physical damage as well as the low presence of active SC in the wound area. (sdbonline.org)
  • These mature blood cells include red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and cells belonging to the myeloid lineage. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Citation: Chickarmane V, Peterson C (2008) A Computational Model for Understanding Stem Cell, Trophectoderm and Endoderm Lineage Determination. (lu.se)
  • We found that mutation of the NF2 tumor suppressor gene in the mouse liver led to a dramatic overproliferation of liver stem cells - the cells that contribute to the liver's remarkable ability to regenerate," says Andrea McClatchey, PhD, of the MGH Center for Cancer Research, who led the study. (vetscite.org)
  • Previous research also indicated that liver stem cells may be the source of some tumors in animals, and suggested that the tumor suppressor gene NF2 may help prevent tumor development. (vetscite.org)
  • We've even shown that you can take stem cells from a patient with cystic fibrosis, a little kid, grow them as a mini-gut, in the mini-gut repair the gene defect exactly. (ecancer.org)
  • So there are three bases missing in this particular patient, put the three DNA bases back in the right gene and then grow a mini-gut out of that stem cell and the promise is that we would ultimately be able to give these cells back to a patient. (ecancer.org)
  • Modern cell biology technologies enable profiling of gene expression at single cell resolution. (sciencedaily.com)
  • To corroborate these findings molecularly, we performed transcriptomic analyses and found significant upregulation of a distinct HSC gene expression signature in cells cultured with Delta1 in hypoxia (Fig. A). Collectively, these data show that hypoxia supports a superior ex vivo expansion of human HSCs with LTR activity compared with normoxia at optimized densities of Delta1. (confex.com)
  • To assess the relative impact of normoxia and hypoxia on the HSC compartment, we performed gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of cells within HSC cluster 5 from each culture condition. (confex.com)
  • We were the first to link Wnt signaling with adult stem cell biology, when we showed that TCF4 gene disruption leads to the abolition of crypts of the small intestine (8), and that TCF1 gene knockout severely disables the stem cell compartment of the thymus (2). (hubrecht.eu)
  • The Tcf4-driven target gene program in colorectal cancer cells is the malignant counterpart of a physiological gene program in selfrenewing crypts (13, 14). (hubrecht.eu)
  • The Wnt target gene encoding the transcription factor Achaete scute-like 2 controls intestinal stem cell state (26). (hubrecht.eu)
  • DAP-type PGN ligation of either of these receptors is sufficient to activate Imd signaling and massive AMP gene induction. (biomedcentral.com)
  • T-cells are taken from patients' blood and given a benign form of lentivirus-a virus designed so that it cannot replicate-that carries the chimeric antigen receptor gene into the T-cell. (vchri.ca)
  • As ChIP-seq cannot establish physical co-occurrence of two marks on the same allele, admixture of cells that either express (green) or do not express (red) the gene in focus could explain the occurrence of both marks as well as the low expression level in the overall population. (researchgate.net)
  • In contrast, in the case of ''true'' bivalency, virtually all cells in the population carry both marks simultaneously at the promoter in question, leading to low, if any, expression for that gene in all cells. (researchgate.net)
  • The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently overexpressed in the most common malignant glioma, glioblastoma (GBM), and represents an important therapeutic target. (oncotarget.com)
  • Amniotic epithelial cells were believed to secrete an 'Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) - like' factor and exact identification was not made. (scielo.org.ar)
  • Research has shown that too much epidermal growth factor (EGF), for example, may push precancerous cells to become cancerous. (gcimagazine.com)
  • RACK1 was expressed transiently in the skeletal muscle of post-natal mice, being abundant in the early phase of muscle growth and almost disappearing in adult mature fibers. (sdbonline.org)
  • These mice go on to develop the two forms of liver cancer that are most common in humans, suggesting that liver stem cells may be the cells of origin of these tumors. (vetscite.org)
  • The researchers found that infant mice lacking functioning NF2 in their livers developed dramatic overgrowth of liver stem cells, to the point of crowding out hepatocytes. (vetscite.org)
  • Mice that did not die from a lack of functioning liver cells soon developed the two major types of liver cancer, and the fact that stem cell overgrowth preceded tumor development strongly suggested that the undifferentiated progenitors were the source of the tumors. (vetscite.org)
  • Blocking the expression of NF2 in the livers of adult mice had minimal effect on the animals unless a portion of the liver was surgically removed, setting off the regeneration process and leading to the same stem cell overproliferation and tumor development. (vetscite.org)
  • we've done it for mice with liver diseases where we treat the mice with liver stem cells or liver mini-organs, that's one thing, so regenerative medicine. (ecancer.org)
  • Scientists have been able to rejuvenate stem cells in the brain of aging mice. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The revitalized stem cells improve the regeneration of injured or diseased areas in the brain of old mice. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Scientists from the Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) of the University of Luxembourg and from the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) have been able to rejuvenate stem cells in the brain of aging mice. (sciencedaily.com)
  • It was previously unknown why most of the stem cells in the brain of old mice remain in a state of quiescence. (sciencedaily.com)
  • With the deactivation of sFRP5, the cells undergo a kind of rejuvenation," del Sol says: "As a result, the ratio of active to dormant stem cells in the brain of old mice becomes almost as favourable as in young animals. (sciencedaily.com)
  • This process, known as adult neurogenesis, helps mice maintain their sense of smell. (uni-heidelberg.de)
  • At optimal coating densities of Delta1, the frequency of LTR-HSCs measured by limiting dilution analysis 16 weeks after transplantation into NSG mice was 4.9- and 4.2-fold higher in hypoxic cultures (1 in 1,586 CD34+ cells) compared with uncultured cells (1 in 7,706) and the normoxia group (1 in 5,090), respectively. (confex.com)
  • A recent study in mice shows that aging is linked to the inflammation of cells in the bone marrow. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • In the present study, the researchers performed several analysis in the hindlimb, forelimb, and pelvic bones from young and old mice to examine the impact of aging on the interaction between the bone marrow niche and hematopoietic cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • In addition, a series of studies using mice has indicated that interfollicular keratinocyte stem cells could generate de novo hair follicles in adult mouse skin. (medscape.com)
  • Mice homozygous for Fas mutations develop hypergammaglobulinemia, glomerulonephritis, massive lymphadenopathy, and expansion of an otherwise rare population of T-cell receptor (TCR) α/β cells that lack expression of both CD4 and CD8 (double-negative T [DNT] cells). (medscape.com)
  • Discoveries in recent years have suggested that adult stem cells might have the ability to differentiate into cell types from different germ layers. (wikipedia.org)
  • Stem cells from the bone marrow, which is derived from mesoderm, can differentiate into liver, lung, GI tract, and skin, which are derived from endoderm and mesoderm. (wikipedia.org)
  • Adult stem cells, ASC - found in a tissue or organ and can differentiate to yield the specialized cell types of that tissue or organ. (nascic.org)
  • Undifferentiated cells, found in a differentiated tissue, that can renew themselves and - with certain limitations - differentiate to yield all the specialized cell types of the tissue from which they originated. (michaeljfox.org)
  • 2003). Similarly, when transplanted into ischemic cortical areas, they were found to differentiate into 'neuron-like' cells (Okawa et al. (scielo.org.ar)
  • However, it is known that in vitro cell culture conditions can alter the behavior of cells, proving that a particular subpopulation of cells possesses stem cell properties in vivo is challenging, and so considerable debate exists as to whether some proposed stem cell populations in the adult are indeed stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, given that bivalent domains can still be observed-albeit in lower proportion-in unipotent cells such as T cells and MEFs, an admixture of cell populations appears to be an unlikely explanation for the observed coexistence of these marks. (researchgate.net)
  • Most clusters could be computationally assigned to a defined hematopoietic subpopulation, including progenitor cells (clusters 0 to 4) and a single transcriptionally defined HSC population (cluster 5). (confex.com)
  • GBM stem-like cells (GSCs) represent a subpopulation of the tumor which is responsible for tumor initiation, progression, and re-growth after chemoradiation [ 5 , 6 ], as well as supporting tumor vessel growth and function [ 7 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • This observation has led to the 'cancer stem cell' (CSCs) hypothesis, stating that a subpopulation of cancer cells survive therapy and lead to tumor relapse. (mdpi.com)
  • In steady-state adult hematopoiesis, most hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are in the resting phase of the cell cycle. (uzh.ch)
  • Using in vivo high-resolution single HSC divisional tracking, we directly demonstrate that clinically applied thrombopoietin receptor but not granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) receptor agonists drive HSCs into self-renewing divisions leading to quantitative expansion of functional HSC as defined by their in vivo serial multilineage and long-term repopulating potential. (uzh.ch)
  • These results suggest that thrombopoietin mimetics might be applicable to expand HSCs in vivo and to sensitize thrombopoietin receptor-expressing HSCs to cell cycle-dependent cytotoxic agents. (uzh.ch)
  • However, sustained engraftment of the expanded cells was not observed after transplantation, suggesting ineffective expansion of hematopoietic stem cells with long-term repopulating activity (LTR-HSCs). (confex.com)
  • Conversely, we observed no difference in expression of the homing CXCR4 receptor between cells cultured under normoxic and hypoxic conditions, indicating that hypoxia increased the absolute numbers of LTR-HSCs but not their homing potential after transplantation. (confex.com)
  • To clarify how hypoxia improved Notch-mediated expansion of LTR-HSCs, we performed scRNA-seq of CD34+ cells treated with Delta1 under normoxic or hypoxic conditions. (confex.com)
  • The project will investigate the age-related functional decline of hematopoiesis and dissect the role of Cdc42 in the rejuvenation of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs). (uni-ulm.de)
  • It will additionally focus on, using single-cell sequencing and deep learning approaches, the transcriptional and mutational heterogeneity of HSCs upon aging. (uni-ulm.de)
  • The aging of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is characterized by the impaired ability of these cells to regenerate and produce blood cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The study found that bone marrow niche cells that support the functioning of HSCs played a key role in blood aging. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • In order to create as accurate as possible computational models of stem cell behaviour, the LCSB's Computational Biology Group led by Prof. Antonio del Sol applied a novel approach. (sciencedaily.com)
  • These findings, published in Nature Cell Biology , suggest that inhibiting IL-1 function could potentially improve deficits in blood production in older adults. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • In my thesis, we covered four different projects that led us to explore different fields of biology, with a general focus on exploring cell surface receptors in leukemia cells. (lu.se)
  • In earlier work, we established that 20E, signaling through a canonical nuclear hormone receptor pathway, is required for PGRP-LC expression both in cultured cells and in adult flies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cell invasion is a crucial step of tumor metastasis , finding new regulators of which offers potential drug targets for cancer therapy. (sdbonline.org)
  • The current study was designed to investigate the role of NF2 and merlin in the fetal and adult mouse liver, including possible involvement with tumor development. (vetscite.org)
  • and suggests that liver tumors may originate from liver stem cells and that excess EGFR signaling leads to liver tumor development. (vetscite.org)
  • Autophagy may represent a mechanism of resistance to oxidative stress induced by chemotherapeutic drugs and may potentiate cancer cell survival to hypoxia and nutrient starvation due to the frequently defective tumor vascularization. (nature.com)
  • GBM stem-like cells (GSCs) present in tumors are felt to be highly tumorigenic and responsible for tumor recurrence. (oncotarget.com)
  • Many cancers re-emerge after treatment, despite the sensitivity of the bulk of tumor cells to treatments. (mdpi.com)
  • In hematopoietic stem cells, the MAPK/ERK pathway and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway regulate this transition. (wikipedia.org)
  • The ability to regulate the cell cycle in response to external cues helps prevent stem cell exhaustion or the gradual loss of stem cells following an altered balance between dormant and active states. (wikipedia.org)
  • dGLYAT was found to regulate Gadd45 -mediated JNK pathway activation and cell invasion. (sdbonline.org)
  • These results are consistent with our previous studies showing that merlin helps to regulate EGFR activity at the cell membrane," she says. (vetscite.org)
  • In contrast, TSPO and gluconeogenesis appear to act in parallel to GABA-A receptor signaling to regulate MSC quiescence and vertebrate pigment patterning. (wustl.edu)
  • Astrocytes are a major component of the central nervous system (CNS), comprising more than 60% of cells in the human brain, and regulate many functions in the developing and adult brain. (aku.edu)
  • ßarr1 couples to ß1AR in a manner distinct to that7 of Gs coupling to ß2AR-the finger loop of ßarr1 occupies a narrower cleft on the intracellular surface, and is closer to transmembrane helix H7 of the receptor when compared with the C-terminal α5 helix of Gs. (bvsalud.org)
  • Furthermore, Notch is responsible for the regulation of known stem cell factor genes. (nature.com)
  • Two other Wnt target genes, RNF43 and ZNRF3, encode stem cell-specific E3 ligases that downregulate Wnt receptors in a negative feedback loop (35). (hubrecht.eu)
  • These ATG genes are highly conserved in mammalian cells, allowing to study their functions also in higher eukaryotes [ 1 - 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Here we show that bivalent domains and chromosome architecture for bivalent genes are dynamically regulated during the cell cycle in human pluripotent cells. (researchgate.net)
  • Central to this is the transient increase in H3K4-trimethylation at developmental genes during G1, thereby creating a 'window of opportunity' for cell-fate specification. (researchgate.net)
  • Skeletal muscle growth and regeneration involves the activity of resident adult stem cells, namely satellite cells (SC). (sdbonline.org)
  • Collectively, this study provides the first evidence that transient levels of the evolutionarily conserved factor RACK1 are critical for adult SC activation and proper skeletal muscle regeneration, favoring the efficient progression of SC from a committed to a fully differentiated state. (sdbonline.org)
  • These studies reveal potentially new therapeutic targets for recovery from anemia and regeneration of blood cells for transplantation. (ca.gov)
  • The Heidelberg scientists also found out that both stem cell types and precursor cells in the mouse brain communicate with one another via so-called notch interactions. (uni-heidelberg.de)
  • Organoids are the small versions of organs that we grow from these stem cells, so colon organoids, we call them mini-guts, grow from a single stem cell taken from a colon. (ecancer.org)
  • All cells making up our organs originate from stem cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • It can also be used to model stem cells of other organs in the body. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Although the virus initially attacks the respiratory system and disrupts respiratory functions by impairing cells in the lungs, there has been growing evidence of the virus infecting other organs including the brain. (aku.edu)
  • In this study, researchers also discovered another interesting finding that unlike COVID-19 infection in other organs which uses human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as the entry point, the virus uses other receptors to enter and infect the brain. (aku.edu)
  • ALL-affected blood cells can multiply rapidly and enter the bloodstream where they can travel to and infect organs. (vchri.ca)
  • What about the survival of organoids and tumeroids grown from single stem cells? (ecancer.org)
  • We show that single epithelial stem cells in vitro can give rise to differentiated organoids containing ciliated and secretory cells. (nature.com)
  • Figure 1: Single fallopian epithelial cells give rise to organoids that can be maintained long term. (nature.com)
  • Researchers are developing systems that could put Canada on the map for adoptive cell therapy for leukemia and other conditions. (vchri.ca)
  • This first-of-its-kind clinical trial in Canada involves manufacturing and administering a CLIC-1901 cell therapy, which could add to current treatments available to the thousands of Canadians diagnosed with ALL and NHL each year. (vchri.ca)
  • OHSU was the first hospital in the Northwest to offer the CAR-T cell therapy Kymriah. (ohsu.edu)
  • OHSU's Dr. Richard Maziarz leads research on CAR T-cell therapy, a type of immunotherapy that's bringing powerful new options to children and adults with blood cancer. (ohsu.edu)
  • In CAR T-cell therapy, some of the patient's T cells are collected from the patient's blood. (ohsu.edu)
  • Learn more about CAR T-cell therapy and our team's role in developing the first CAR T therapy approved by the FDA. (ohsu.edu)
  • We report 3 patients with coronavirus disease who had a decline in respiratory status during their hospital course that responded well to intravenous steroids and interleukin-6 receptor antagonist therapy. (cdc.gov)
  • Cell Therapy for Parkinsons Disease: What Next? (lu.se)
  • Alert CHMP Backs Darvadstrocel for Perianal Fistulas in Crohn's Darvadstrocel is the first allogeneic stem cell therapy to receive a positive CHMP opinion in Europe. (medscape.com)
  • However, the cell-extrinsic signals inducing HSC cycling remain to be elucidated. (uzh.ch)
  • Axon - a fiber-shaped part of the neuron that carries electrical signals from the soma, or cell body, to the axon terminals. (nascic.org)
  • Daughters of the small intestinal stem cells, the Paneth cells, serve as crypt niche cells by providing Wnt, Notch and EGF signals (33). (hubrecht.eu)
  • Some monoclonal antibody treatments are designed to block signals that cancer cells use to grow. (ohsu.edu)
  • We have identified a subset of hematopoietic progenitor cells which fate decisions depend on both the SCF and EPO signals. (gatech.edu)
  • The integration of the EPO and SCF signals was found to take place in the MAPK pathway and was found depend on a molecular mechanism that controls the dynamics of the ERK signal. (gatech.edu)
  • The position and motion sensors of the muscles and joints, and the touch receptors of the extremities (proprioceptive system) send signals regarding bodily position, particularly in relation to the support surface. (cdc.gov)
  • The main functions of adult stem cells are to replace cells that are at risk of possibly dying as a result of disease or injury and to maintain a state of homeostasis within the cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • Autophagy is an intracellular degradation system that ensures a dynamic recycling of a variety of building blocks required for self-renewal, homeostasis, and cell survival under stress. (hindawi.com)
  • Basal macroautophagy (thereafter referred to as autophagy), a catabolic recycling system in cells, is key to maintaining cellular homeostasis and survival. (hindawi.com)
  • While the importance of autophagy for cell homeostasis and survival has long been appreciated, its role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression is still developing [ 10 , 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • There are three main methods to determine if the adult stem cell is capable of becoming a specialized cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • Molecular markers are used to characterize and track adult stem cells. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
  • In APC-deficient colon carcinoma cells, we demonstrated that ß-catenin accumulates and is constitutively complexed with the TCF family member TCF4, providing a molecular explanation for the initiation of colon cancer (5). (hubrecht.eu)
  • Stem cells live in a niche where they constantly interact with other cells and extra-cellular components. (sciencedaily.com)
  • This finding provides insights into the mechanisms by which alterations in GSK-3 signaling affect adult human neurogenesis, a cellular process strongly suspected to play a role in the etiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. (gatech.edu)
  • Thus, it has been argued that the observed bivalency simply reflects cellular heterogeneity arising from the averaging of cells that carry either, but not both, marks at a given locus (Fig. 2). (researchgate.net)
  • [ 3 ] A 2002 study showed that the prevalence of objective olfactory impairment in adults older than 53 years is 24.5% and grows more prevalent with age, reaching 62.5 % in those aged 80-97 years. (medscape.com)
  • Extrapolating from these values, there are currently 14 million older adults with some degree of olfactory impairment. (medscape.com)
  • It is a specialized pseudostratified neuroepithelium containing the primary olfactory receptors. (medscape.com)
  • The sense of smell is mediated through stimulation of the olfactory receptor cells by volatile chemicals. (medscape.com)
  • To stimulate the olfactory receptors, airborne molecules must pass through the nasal cavity with relatively turbulent air currents and contact the receptors. (medscape.com)
  • Odorants can also be perceived by entering the nose posteriorly through the nasopharynx to reach the olfactory receptor via retronasal olfaction. (medscape.com)
  • Odorants diffuse into the mucous and are transported to the olfactory receptor. (medscape.com)
  • Signaling studies show that dimerization of ic-MPL, unlike stimulation of the wild type MPL receptor, activates AKT in the absence of JAK2/STAT5 signaling. (ca.gov)
  • These cells classified into several subtypes based on the hormones they produce in both mammals and insects. (bioone.org)
  • These cells represent the epithelial stem cells of the small intestine and colon (23), the hair follicle (24), the stomach (28) and many other tissue stem cell types. (hubrecht.eu)
  • Stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1) is a cell surface glycoprotein, initially found in murine bone marrow-derived stem cell subtypes, such as hematopoietic stem cells. (keio.ac.jp)
  • A study co-led by Dr. Kevin Hay from Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute (VCHRI) and Dr. Natasha Kekre at The Ottawa Hospital is investigating the use of specialized chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells to treat CD19 positive (CD19+) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). (vchri.ca)
  • This changes the genetic code of T-cells, transforming them into CAR-T cells that can target the CD19 antigen. (vchri.ca)
  • A patient's NK (natural killer) cells - like T cells - can be modified to develop chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that target cancer cells. (ohsu.edu)
  • HIV-1-Specific Chimeric Antigen Receptors Based on Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies. (ucsf.edu)
  • 1996) and were found capable of secreting neurotransmitters (Elwan and Sakuragawa, 1997). (scielo.org.ar)
  • Once the antibody has become attached to the receptor, it activates the body's natural immune system and attracts killer cells that are part of our immune system. (lu.se)
  • A thin layer of tightly packed cells separating the central nervous system from the body's blood stream. (michaeljfox.org)
  • When blood-forming hematopoietic stem cells that reside in the bone marrow age, the production of blood cells is altered, and the body's ability to regenerate lost cells is impaired. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • ALL occurs when cancer grows inside of stem cells found in the body's bone marrow. (vchri.ca)
  • While ALL mostly affects children, Hay's study is investigating a treatment that would be a first for adults with a class of ALL that involves B-cells-a type of white blood cell that forms part of the body's infection-fighting immune response. (vchri.ca)
  • It enhances the receptor activity of cannabinoids that occur naturally in cannabis, thereby indirectly activating the body's endocannabinoid system. (wayofleaf.com)
  • This can also be achieved by directly modulating the activity of signaling enzymes or transcription factors using genetic engineering strategies or by delivering bioactive molecules in the cell cytosol or nucleus. (gatech.edu)
  • AMPA - type of glutamate receptors whose activation results in the influx of sodium ions. (nascic.org)
  • Firstly, loss of dGLYAT suppressed scrib depletion- or Egr overexpression-induced JNK pathway activation and invasive cell migration. (sdbonline.org)
  • Our prior work indicated that GABA-A receptor activation promotes MSC quiescence in larval zebrafish. (wustl.edu)
  • We found that both TSPO-specific ligands and induction of gluconeogenesis likely act in the same pathway to promote MSC activation and melanocyte production in larval zebrafish. (wustl.edu)
  • Notch activation in human CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) by treatment with Delta1 ligand has enabled clinically relevant ex vivo expansion of short-term HSPCs. (confex.com)
  • Furthermore, activation of autophagy allows to extend cell survival when exposed to different types of stressors such as starvation or cytotoxic drugs. (hindawi.com)
  • Activation of these receptors increases the level of endocannabinoids in the body. (wayofleaf.com)
  • ALPS-related disorders have features similar to those of ALPS but have several additional characteristics, such as additional defective T-, B-, and natural killer (NK)-cell activation in caspase 8 deficiency state (CEDS), or are missing required diagnostic features, such as an elevated number of DNT cells, as seen in RAS-associated autoimmune leukoproliferative disease (RALD). (medscape.com)
  • These findings suggested the usefulness of them as an alternate source of cells for transplantation approaches to treat neurological disorders (Sakuragawa et al. (scielo.org.ar)
  • Transplantation of amniotic epithelial cells in various regions of central nervous system such as caudate nucleus (Bankiewicz et al. (scielo.org.ar)
  • 2001). In our previous report, we concluded the usefulness of amniotic epithelial cells transplantation in spinal cord injury repair research. (scielo.org.ar)
  • We had also outlined various biological and social advantages by which, amniotic epithelial cells transplantation excels its precedent viz. (scielo.org.ar)
  • Recently, our conclusion of usefulness of amniotic epithelial cells transplantation to treat spinal cord injuries has been confirmed in rodent models of spinal cord injury (Zhi-yuan et al. (scielo.org.ar)
  • Our approach was to focus on eradicating leukemia stem cells, which are known to persist after chemotherapy and can lead to relapse in patients. (lu.se)
  • Because cancer cells divide faster than normal cells, they are more affected by chemotherapy compared to healthy cells", explains Helena Ågerstam, cancer researchers at Lund University. (lu.se)
  • Because stem cells multiply slowly, chemotherapy does not have a sufficient impact on them, which explains why two-thirds of these patients relapse. (lu.se)
  • Treatment of recurrent primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET) in children and adolescents with high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) and stem cell support: results of the HITREZ 97 multicentre trial. (medscape.com)
  • Yamada A, Moritake H, Kamimura S, Yamashita S, Takeshima H, Nunoi H. Proposed strategy for the use of high-dose chemotherapy with stem cell rescue and intrathecal topotecan without whole-brain irradiation for infantile classic medulloblastoma. (medscape.com)
  • Apoptosis (ay-POP-toe-sis) - a process of programmed cell death that rids the body of diseased or damaged cells without triggering inflammation and other damaging processes. (nascic.org)
  • These properties can be illustrated with relative ease in vitro, using methods such as clonogenic assays, where the progeny of a single cell is characterized. (wikipedia.org)
  • It can be induced by modifying the growth medium when stem cells are cultured in vitro or by transplanting them to an organ of the body different from the one they were originally isolated from. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dr. Yang has extensive expertise in developing novel biomaterials and stem cell-based therapeutics for musculoskeletal tissue engineering, or engineering 3D in vitro cancer models for drug screening and mechanistic discovery. (stanford.edu)
  • Here we demonstrate the existence of adult stem cells in the human fallopian tube epithelium, which gives rise to a monolayer of differentiated epithelial cells in a complex 3D organoid in vitro . (nature.com)
  • Although other irritants in the smoke may have contributed to the incident, there is supporting evidence that stable strontium can stimulate the release of histamine from mast cells in vitro (ATSDR 2001e). (cdc.gov)
  • it also drives the stem cells of the intestinal tract but the identity of those stem cells was unknown for a long time. (ecancer.org)
  • Enteroendocrine cells (EEs) are evolutionarily conserved gastrointestinal secretory cells that show scattered distribution in the intestinal epithelium. (bioone.org)
  • In the fruit fly Drosophila, it has been suggested that nearly equal numbers of two subtypes of EEs (Allatostatin A: AstA and Diuretic hormone 31 : Dh31) are alternately produced from the intestinal stem cells in the posterior midgut. (bioone.org)
  • The researchers used magnetic resonance imaging to scan the brains of 40 veterans - 20 with combat-related PTSD and 20 without - and found that the region known as the CA3/dentate gyrus was more than 11 percent smaller on average in the veterans with PTSD. (ucsf.edu)
  • Kim and Park, 2017 ) and make HMSCs attractive cells for regenerative therapies. (frontiersin.org)
  • Also important is that they only make the epithelium, they do not make the blood vessels or the immune cells, just the epithelium. (ecancer.org)
  • As tumors develop, they find ways to hide from the immune system and avoid its defenses. (ohsu.edu)
  • Immunotherapies change how the immune system works so it can find and destroy cancer cells. (ohsu.edu)
  • T cells are immune cells that circulate in the body to fight infection. (ohsu.edu)
  • Now, in cancer it is the epithelium that is actually the malignant tissue and a tumeroid would be an organoid not grown from a normal stem cell but grown from a cell that comes out of a tumour. (ecancer.org)
  • It is lined by simple columnar epithelium containing secretory and ciliated cells, which produce tubular fluid and facilitate transport of gametes, respectively. (nature.com)