• CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 have proven to be valid biomarkers for the development of heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction, suggesting an underlining pathophysiological relation between levels of these chemokines and the development of adverse cardiac remodeling. (wikipedia.org)
  • When stratified by specific clinical manifestation, patients with meningoradiculoneuritis had higher levels of B-cell chemoattractants CXC motif chemokine ligand (CXCL) 12 and CXCL13 and T-cell-associated mediators CXCL9, CXCL10, and interleukin 17, compared with those without radicular pain. (cdc.gov)
  • Induced by IFN-gamma (IFN-γ), the ELR-negative chemokine CXCL9 (MIG) elicits its effects by binding to the cell surface chemokine receptor CXCR3. (immunochemistry.com)
  • Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9 (CXCL9), also commonly known as monokine induced by interferon-gamma (MIG), is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family and is closely related to two other ELR-negative CXC chemokines: CXCL10 and CXCL11. (immunochemistry.com)
  • CXCL11 has functional and structural relationship with CXCL9 and CXCL10. (biofargo.com)
  • Similar to CXCL9 and CXCL10, CXCL11 can specifically bind to the G protein-coupled receptor CXCR3 and involve in chemotaxis of immune cells and angiogenesis. (biofargo.com)
  • In this study we determined gene expression and secretion patterns for monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) and T-cell specific CXCR3 agonistic chemokines (Mig/CXCL9, IP-10/CXCL10, and I-TAC/CXCL11) in TNF-α-, IFN-γ-, and IL-1β-stimulated human alveolar epithelial cells type II (AEC-II). (biomedcentral.com)
  • IFN-γ, alone or in combination with IL-1β and TNF-α resulted in an increase in CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCL9 mRNA expression and generation of CXCL10 protein by AEC-II or A549 cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CXCL10, sometimes referred to as IP-10, is a negative chemokine with a glutamic acid-leucine-arginine motif that shares structural and functional similarities with MIG (CXCL9) and ITAC (CXCL11). (elisakits.co.uk)
  • CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 are biomarkers for the development of heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction. (elisakits.co.uk)
  • Indeed, an increase in the recruitment of cytotoxic CD8 + T-lymphocytes into the tumor is mediated by chemokines such as C-C motif chemokine ligand 5, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9 (CXCL9) and CXCL10 and is correlated to lower metastasis risk and better outcome for patients [ 1 - 3 ] [Figure 1] . (oaepublish.com)
  • Resveratrol was safe and well tolerated and was associated with significant increases in the numbers of circulating γδ T cells and regulatory T cells and resulted in small, yet significant, decreases in the plasma levels of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF- α and MCP-1 and a significant increase in the plasma antioxidant activity compared with the corresponding antioxidant baseline activity and with that in four control individuals. (hindawi.com)
  • And it indicated that the expression of proinflammatory cytokines ended up elevated in the lung of M. hyopneumoniae-contaminated pigs [four?nine]. (ack1inhibitor.com)
  • Compared to WT mice, IL-10 −/− mice had exacerbated CIA development, which was associated with increased production of T helper 17 cell (Th17)/Th1 proinflammatory cytokines and CII-specific immunoglobulin G2a antibody after CII immunization. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The other profound effects of IL-10 are inhibition of the production of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6 and IL-12), inflammatory chemokines and matrix metalloproteases in macrophages [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Treatment of AEC-II with proinflammatory cytokines up-regulated both CCL2 mRNA expression and release of immunoreactive CCL2, whereas IFN-γ had no effect on CCL2 release. (biomedcentral.com)
  • TREX1 −/− macrophages did not exhibit significant augmented ability to produce proinflammatory cytokines compared with normal macrophages following exposure to STING-dependent activators, but rather appeared chronically stimulated by genomic DNA. (aai.org)
  • Expression of both CXCR3 and CXCL11 by The Th1-associated cytokine IFNÎÛ can express both CXCR3 and CXCL11 and create an amplification loop of cell-mediated immune response between Th1 cells. (biofargo.com)
  • Interferon-inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant (ITAC), also known as CXCL11 (C-X-C motif chemokine 11), is a protein found in several organs including the pancreas, liver, thymus, spleen, and lung. (quanterix.com)
  • Moreover, eleven genes concerned with the TLR signaling pathway, eleven with the RLR signaling pathway, 8 with the NLR signaling pathway, and 13 with the chemokine signaling pathway, were identified to be controlled (Table three). (ack1inhibitor.com)
  • The glycolysis-dependent anti-inflammatory property of MSCs conferred by inflammatory cytokines is mediated by PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the results of microarray using back skin obtained from animals, we found that S. lappa 's properties are closely associated with cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. (molcells.org)
  • C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) also known as Interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) or small-inducible cytokine B10 is an 8.7 kDa protein that in humans is encoded by the CXCL10 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Eldelumab (alternative identifier BMS-936557) is a fully human monoclonal antibody (type IgG1 kappa) that targets chemokine (CXC motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10)/Interferon-γ-inducible protein-10 (IP-10). (creativebiolabs.net)
  • Functional annotation clustering of the microarray data showed that gene clusters involved in immune and antiviral responses ranked highly, involving genes such as chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 ( CCL2 ), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 ( CCL5 ), chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 ( CXCL10 ), and toll like receptor 3 ( TLR3 ). (molvis.org)
  • This chemokine elicits its effects by binding to the cell surface chemokine receptor CXCR3. (wikipedia.org)
  • This antimicrobial gene encodes a chemokine of the CXC subfamily and ligand for the receptor CXCR3. (cancerindex.org)
  • The receptor for IP-10 is chemokine (cys-x-cys motif) receptor 3 (CXCR3). (creativebiolabs.net)
  • It has specificity for the CXCR3 RECEPTOR. (lookformedical.com)
  • In contrast, CXCR3 agonistic chemokines were not detected in freshly isolated AEC-II or in non-stimulated epithelial like cell line A549. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is 8.7 kDa protein that in humans is encoded by the CXCL10 gene and can elicits its effects by binding to the cell surface chemokine receptor CXCR3. (elisakits.co.uk)
  • It can binds to the CXCR3 receptor, which it shares with MIG and ITAC and then chemoattracts CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, NK and NKT cells. (elisakits.co.uk)
  • APOBEC3F apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3F: Candida albicans enhanced the production of the CCR5-interacting chemokines CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5, and stimulates the production of interferon-a and the restriction factors APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F, and tetherin (BST2) in macrophages Rodriguez et al, 2013 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)
  • BST2 bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (Tetherin): Candida albicans enhanced the production of the CCR5-interacting chemokines CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5, and stimulates the production of interferon-a and the restriction factors APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F, and tetherin (BST2) in macrophages Rodriguez et al, 2013 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)
  • This receptor binds and responds to a variety of chemokines, including eotaxin (CCL11), eotaxin-3 (CCL26), MCP-3 (CCL7), MCP-4 (CCL13), and RANTES (CCL5). (cancerindex.org)
  • Besides, Niraparib activated the cGAS-STING pathway, increasing the levels of cytokines such as CCL5 and CXCL10, which played a vital role in augmenting the infiltration and activation of cytotoxic T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Chemokine ccl2. (lookformedical.com)
  • CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL2 and several other CCL2-related chemokines. (lookformedical.com)
  • Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1, also called chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, CCL2) is a chemokine that recruits monocytes, memory T cells, and dendritic cells to the sites of inflammation produced by either tissue injury or infection. (quanterix.com)
  • Additionally, we localized the CCL2 and CXCL10 mRNAs in human lung tissue explants by in situ hybridization, and demonstrated the selective effects of cytokines and dexamethasone on CCL2 and CXCL10 expression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These data suggest that the regulation of the CCL2 and CXCL10 expression exhibit significant differences in their mechanisms, and also demonstrate that the alveolar epithelium contributes to the cytokine milieu of the lung, with the ability to respond to locally generated cytokines and to produce potent mediators of the local inflammatory response. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The earlier review indicated that M. hyopneumoniae an infection could induce pro-inflammatory cytokines by the activation of the NF-kB [26]. (ack1inhibitor.com)
  • These final results reflect the upstream sign cascades that could guide to secretion of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. (ack1inhibitor.com)
  • macrophage stimulation triggers the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, and the "cytokine storm", which results in systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple organ failure. (kegg.jp)
  • Although the etiology and pathogenesis of RA have not been completely elucidated, an imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines has been reported to be a key mechanism for joint inflammation and disease progression in CIA as well as in human RA [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Class of pro-inflammatory cytokines that have the ability to attract and activate leukocytes. (lookformedical.com)
  • This can be recapitulated in vitro by treating MSCs with inflammatory cytokines TNF α and IFN γ , which induce indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and TNF-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6). (biomedcentral.com)
  • ELR-positive C-X-C chemokines specifically induce the migration of neutrophils, and interact with chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2. (immunochemistry.com)
  • CXCL8 and CXCL6 bind to the chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2 whereas CXCL1 and other CXC-chemokines that have a Glu-Leu-Arg (ELR) motif at their amino terminus (CXCL2 -3 and-5) bind to and activate CXCR2 only2. (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • The sign transducer MYD88 (up-controlled 2.1 fold) is Nicorandil an adapter for practically all TLR signaling pathways, and acts through interferon regulatory issue 7 (IRF7), foremost to activation of NF-kB, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. (ack1inhibitor.com)
  • Activated γδ T cells exhibit strong cytotoxic activity and cytokine secretion functions and are effective antitumor lymphocytes with simple and direct recognition modes and rapid responses. (explorationpub.com)
  • We report that in human and mouse DC TLR3 or TLR4 potently synergize with TLR7, TLR8 or TLR9 in the induction of selected cytokine genes. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • This chemokine is encoded by multiple genes. (lookformedical.com)
  • of transcription of genes that encode cytokines chemokines adhesion factors and inhibitors of apoptosis. (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • The transcription of chemokine genes is often inhibited by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and glucocorticoids1. (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • This constitutive expression of chemokines occurs due to transcriptional activation of the encoding genes. (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • In part the endogenous transcription of chemokine genes in melanoma cells is due to altered NF-κB activation. (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • Tumour angiogenesis growth and metastasis are facilitated by the NF-κB-modulated transcription of chemokine genes. (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • This gene and seven other chemokine receptor genes form a chemokine receptor gene cluster on the chromosomal region 3p21. (cancerindex.org)
  • There have been 17 different C-X-C chemokines described in mammals that are subdivided into two categories: those with a specific amino acid sequence (or motif) of glutamic acid-leucine-arginine (or ELR for short) immediately before the first cysteine of the C-X-C motif (ELR-positive), and those without an ELR motif (ELR-negative). (immunochemistry.com)
  • This receptor may contribute to the accumulation and activation of eosinophils and other inflammatory cells in the allergic airway. (cancerindex.org)
  • A CC chemokine with specificity for CCR1 RECEPTORS and CCR5 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
  • This CXC chemokine lacks a ELR (Glutamate-Leucine-Arginine) tripeptide motif. (biofargo.com)
  • In contrast to CC chemokines, the CXC chemokines (CXCL) are divided into two classes depending on the presence of the glutamate-leucine-arginine motif (ELR) in the NH 2 -terminal domain. (biomedcentral.com)
  • ITAC is a cytokine stimulated by IFNβ and IFNγ to induce chemotaxis in activated T cells. (quanterix.com)
  • Comparative functional multiomics showed that blood proteins induce distinct receptor-mediated transcriptional programs in microglia and macrophages, such as redox, type I interferon and lymphocyte recruitment. (nature.com)
  • Cytokines and chemokines are central mediators during hostpathogen interactions, which include the clearance of invading microorganisms, as well as the initiation, development, and resolution of irritation in reaction to numerous microbes. (ack1inhibitor.com)
  • ALOX5 arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase: macrophages infected with Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus or Aspergillus fumigatus or treated with Curdlan, a selective agonist of pattern recognition receptor for fungi Dectin-1, displays increased expression of ALOX5, ALOX15 and PTGS2 Karnam et al, 2015 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)
  • The expression levels of IL-17 and retinoid-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) in macrophages and joint tissues of IL-10 −/− and WT mice were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is an important immunoregulatory cytokine produced by many cell populations, including macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), T-cell subsets (Th2, Tc2 and Tr1) and B cells [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Many of the immunosuppressive characteristics of IL-10 can be traced to their effects on macrophages and DCs by preventing the production of the T helper 1 cell (Th1)-associated cytokines IL-2 and interferon γ (IFN-γ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • CXCL10 in plasma is mirrored by intrahepatic CXCL10 mRNA, and both strikingly predict the first days of elimination of HCV RNA ("first phase decline") during interferon/ribavirin therapy for all HCV genotypes. (wikipedia.org)
  • The mRNA expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ and lipocalin-2 in white adipose tissue were, respectively, down- and up-regulated. (biomedcentral.com)
  • S. lappa decreased the immunoglobulin E, cytokines and chemokines with the reduction in histopatholgical features of atopic dermatitis (AD) lesion. (molcells.org)
  • Like the CHEMOKINES themselves, the receptors can be divided into at least three structural branches: CR, CCR, and CXCR, according to variations in a shared cysteine motif. (lookformedical.com)
  • according to variations in a shared cysteine motif. (lookformedical.com)
  • Chemokines regulate the transport activation and sometimes proliferation of several cell types including myeloid lymphoid GW788388 endothelial and epithelial cells1 2 There are four chemokine subfamilies - CXC C CX3C and CC - based on the positions of conserved cysteine residues near the amino terminus of the proteins1 (TABLE 1). (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • They are classified into four subfamilies on the basis of the primary sequence of the first two of four invariant cysteine residues, and named according to the recommendation for new systematic nomenclature for human chemokines [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • An important step in this process is the recognition of endogenous nucleic acids released from dying cells by various pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), including Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and other cytosolic receptors. (frontiersin.org)
  • It expresses a range of cell surface molecules involved in adaptive and innate immunity, as well as crucial sentinel molecules, including toll-like receptors (TLRs), which are pivotal in early cellular defense against virus infection. (molvis.org)
  • Not only the molecular differences leading to the different clinical presentations need to be better understood, but also the pathogenic mechanisms of CLE in general: the precise role of involved cell types, the impact of different cytokines described in the disease, and their interaction and regulation in a complex network need further exploration. (frontiersin.org)
  • The initial event in the replicative cycle of a virus is its interaction with receptors present on the surface of a cell. (medscape.com)
  • Preclinical studies have shown that resveratrol induces immunomodulatory effects, including the upregulation of NKG2D receptors on natural killer cells (NK) that it promotes the NKG2D-dependent killing of tumor cells [ 13 , 14 ] and the induction of regulatory T cells (Treg) in the colonic tissues of mice exposed to colonic inflammatory stress [ 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • SARS‑CoV‑2 infection is initiated when the virus interacts with angiotensin‑converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors on host cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • SARS-CoV-2 infects alveolar epithelial cells [mainly alveolar epithelial type 2 (AEC2) cells] through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. (kegg.jp)
  • IP-10 exerts its chemotactic activity on T helper (Th) 1 and Th17 cells, and blockade of IP-10 may skew cytokine activity from a Th1 to a Th2 profile. (creativebiolabs.net)
  • γδ T cells express unique T cell receptor (TCR) γ and TCR δ chains, with structural and functional heterogeneity. (explorationpub.com)
  • Taking advantage of the diverse γδ TCR repertoire or other ligand-receptor interactions, γδ T cells can recognize a broad spectrum of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-independent manner, thereby activating downstream pleiotropic effects. (explorationpub.com)
  • First, γδ T cells exposed to complicated cytokine networks are potentially affected by multiple inhibitory mechanisms. (explorationpub.com)
  • IFN-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10, CXCL10) is a 10 kDa chemokine secreted from cells stimulated with type I and II interferons (IFNs) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). (quanterix.com)
  • It is expressed at high levels in the lymph nodes, thymus and appendix, and elicits its effects on its target cells by binding to the chemokine receptor chemokine receptor CCR7. (quanterix.com)
  • We report a blood-induced microglia gene network and show that blood proteins elicit distinct receptor-mediated transcriptional changes and signaling programs in innate immune cells. (nature.com)
  • Thus, located at the boundary between the alveolar airspace and the interstitium, alveolar epithelial cells type II (AEC-II) are ideally situated to regulate the recruitment and activation of different types of leukocytes through the production of chemokines/cytokines in response to inflammatory stimulation from the alveolar space. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Many cells respond to interferon and LPS by generating CXCL10. (elisakits.co.uk)
  • Their growth arrest is reversible and under certain conditions, such as induction by growth factors, cytokines, nutrients, or chemical agents, the cells can re-enter the cell cycle to proliferate again. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The changes of immune cells and cytokines in vitro and in vivo were detected by flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). (biomedcentral.com)
  • In our study, we investigated the dynamic changes and responses of immune cells and cytokines during Niraparib treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Antigen presentation by the professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are normally recognized by immune cells via a surface T-cell receptor (TCR), leading to the induction of naive CD8 + T-cell clonal expansion and differentiation and finally resulting in the cell death of APCs. (oaepublish.com)
  • CXCL10 ELISA kit is a method designed for determining in vitro quantitative concentrations of CXCL10 (C-X-C motif chemokine 10, IP-10, interferon gamma-induced protein 10) in serum, tissue homogenates, serum and other biological fluids. (elisakits.co.uk)
  • The minimum detection sensitivity level of C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10, interferon gamma-induced protein 10, IP-10) using current CXCL10 ELISA kit was approximately 4.688 ng/ml. (elisakits.co.uk)
  • Here, we describe the safety, robust immunogenicity, and potent efficacy elicited in rhesus macaques by a modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vector expressing a full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein (MVA-S). MVA-S vaccination was well tolerated and induced S and receptor-binding domain (RBD)-binding IgG antibodies and neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and several variants of concern. (frontiersin.org)
  • The Mouse Cytokine Array, Panel A utilizes capture antibodies spotted onto a nitrocellulose membrane to allow high-throughput multi-analyte profiling of 40 cytokines, chemokines, and more in a single sample. (rndsystems.com)
  • Mouse splenocytes treated with 100 ng/mL LPS for 20 hours were mixed with a cocktail of biotinylated detection antibodies, and then incubated with the Mouse Cytokine Array. (rndsystems.com)
  • MIP-3β (macrophage inflammatory protein-3-beta ), also known as (Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 19 (CCL19) and EBI1 ligand chemokine (ELC) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family. (quanterix.com)
  • CXCL10/IP-10 in infectious diseases pathogenesis and potential therapeutic implications. (elisakits.co.uk)
  • Among several homing chemokines, an antibody array revealed that expression of eotaxin-3 (but not eotxin-1 and -2) was highly enhanced in MSCs treated with PC-3-conditioned medium. (cancerindex.org)
  • A membrane-based antibody array for the parallel determination of the relative levels of selected mouse cytokines and chemokines. (rndsystems.com)
  • Why Use an Antibody Array to Detect Multiple Cytokines? (rndsystems.com)
  • The use of a multiplex antibody array to detect multiple cytokines in a single sample can be cost-effective and also save time and sample. (rndsystems.com)
  • Table 1 CXC- C- CX3C- and CC-chemokine and receptor families As the CXC-chemokines CXCL1 and GW788388 CXCL8 have been associated with tumour growth metastasis and angiogenesis I concentrate on these important chemokines. (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • This pilot study aimed to investigate the effect of characterized MSC-EVs on chondrogenesis in a 3D chondrocyte inflammation model with the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα. (bvsalud.org)
  • We assessed host immune responses and the prevalence of TLR1 (toll-like receptor 1)-1805GG polymorphism to gain insights into the pathophysiology of these conditions. (cdc.gov)
  • Baseline pre-treatment plasma levels of CXCL10 are elevated in patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) of genotypes 1 or 4 who do not achieve a sustained viral response (SVR) after completion of antiviral therapy. (wikipedia.org)
  • We investigated the homing-related chemokine expression levels of MSCs treated with a prostate cancer cell line (PC-3) -conditioned medium. (cancerindex.org)
  • Recently, TREX1 mutations have been identified in patients with severe SLE and Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS), which presents as a lethal neurologic syndrome with patients harboring high cytokine levels ( 4 - 8 ). (aai.org)
  • This indicates an underlining pathophysiological relation between the development of adverse cardiac remodelling and the levels of these chemokines. (elisakits.co.uk)
  • Simultaneously detect the levels of these cytokines, chemokines, and acute phase proteins in a single sample. (rndsystems.com)