• This ulcerated nodule of localized primary cutaneous CD30+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma is relatively nonspecific in appearance. (medscape.com)
  • Differentiating between low-grade lymphoma and reactive lymphocytes is often difficult by morphology alone as reactive lymphoid cells may acquire activation morphology from being exposed to different cytokines within the body fluid. (cytojournal.com)
  • Each clinicopathologic subtype can be further classified with respect to morphology, immunophenotype, and antigen markers. (medscape.com)
  • [ 4 . 5 ] Adding to the challenge, classic lymphoglandular bodies, representing remnants of lymphocyte cytoplasm, are typically inconspicuous or absent in effusion fluids, in contrast to FNA material from solid specimens. (cytojournal.com)
  • Histologically, ALCL is characterized by sheets of large pleomorphic cells with abundant cytoplasm, horseshoe- or wreath-shaped nuclei, and multiple prominent nucleoli. (medscape.com)
  • The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. (lookformedical.com)
  • RT is diagnosed in individuals who have CLL/SLL that converts to a malignancy with the microscopic histopathology of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) or, less commonly, Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). (wikipedia.org)
  • In large cell lymphoma and leukemia cells involvement of body fluid this concept becomes less challenging. (cytojournal.com)
  • Large cell lymphoma and leukemia cells tend to have large size nuclei, less mature chromatin, and visible nucleoli with and without cytoplasmic vacuoles. (cytojournal.com)
  • Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. (lookformedical.com)
  • For the gene family, see B-cell CLL/lymphoma . (wikipedia.org)
  • [9] If enlarged lymph nodes are caused by infiltrating CLL-type cells, a diagnosis of small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) is made. (wikipedia.org)
  • ALCL was recognized in 1985, when tumor cells consistently demonstrated labeling by the monoclonal antibody Ki-1, a marker later shown to recognize the CD30 antigen. (medscape.com)
  • A member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that may play a role in the regulation of NF-KAPPA B and APOPTOSIS. (lookformedical.com)
  • Overexpression of CD30 antigen in hematopoietic malignancies make the antigen clinically useful as a biological tumor marker. (lookformedical.com)
  • CLL is the circulation of malignant B lymphocytes with or without the infiltration of these cells into lymphatic or other tissues while SLL is the infiltration of these malignant B lymphocytes into lymphatic and/or other tissues with little or no circulation of these cells in the blood. (wikipedia.org)
  • Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS. (lookformedical.com)
  • Chronic lymphocytic leukemia ( CLL ) is a type of cancer in which the bone marrow makes too many lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell ). (wikipedia.org)
  • [4] [9] CLL results in the buildup of B cell lymphocytes in the bone marrow, lymph nodes, and blood . (wikipedia.org)
  • Diagnosis is typically based on blood tests finding high numbers of mature lymphocytes and smudge cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Most people are diagnosed as having CLL based on the result of a routine blood test that shows a high white blood cell count, specifically a large increase in the number of circulating lymphocytes . (wikipedia.org)
  • [17] Less commonly, the disease comes to light only after the cancerous cells overwhelm the bone marrow, resulting in low red blood cells, neutrophils, or platelets. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 1928, Maurice Richter reported that a patient with CLL developed an aggressive generalized swelling of his lymph nodes, liver, and spleen due to their infiltration by rapidly growing "sarcoma-like cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • in the nodular lymphocyte predominant variant, lymphocytic and histiocytic cells are seen. (lookformedical.com)
  • [18] Whereas, with CLL, diseased cells propagate from within the bone marrow, in SLL they propagate from within the lymphatic tissue. (wikipedia.org)
  • [18] CLLs are, in virtually all cases, preceded by a particular subtype of monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL). (wikipedia.org)
  • The only common feature among these tumors is the absence of giant REED-STERNBERG CELLS, a characteristic of Hodgkin's disease. (lookformedical.com)
  • Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course, prognosis, and therapy. (lookformedical.com)
  • Anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs) are distinguished from other lymphomas by their anaplastic cytology and constant membrane expression of the CD30 antigen (an activation marker for B or T cells). (medscape.com)
  • They are regulators of transmembrane Ca2+ conductance and thought to play a role in B-cell activation and proliferation. (lookformedical.com)
  • Abnormal laboratory findings include elevation in blood lactate dehydrogenase levels in 50-80% of cases, progressively worsening anemia (i.e. decreases in red blood cells), thrombocytopenia (i.e. decreases in blood platelets), and/or hypercalcemia (i.e. elevation in serum calcium levels often due to bone involvement). (wikipedia.org)
  • [2] [9] Enlargement of the spleen and low red blood cells ( anemia ) may also occur. (wikipedia.org)
  • A biologic alkylating agent that exerts its cytotoxic effects by forming DNA ADDUCTS and DNA interstrand crosslinks, thereby inhibiting rapidly proliferating cells. (lookformedical.com)
  • In addition, cytoplasmic vacuoles are not uncommon in large cell lymphomas involving body cavities. (cytojournal.com)
  • Large cells, usually multinucleate, whose presence is a common histologic characteristic of classical HODGKIN DISEASE. (lookformedical.com)
  • PC-ALCL is one of the primary cutaneous CD30 + T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders, a wide spectrum of disease, with lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) at the benign end of the spectrum and PC-ALCL at the malignant end. (medscape.com)
  • White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. (lookformedical.com)
  • [4] These cells do not function well and crowd out healthy blood cells . (wikipedia.org)
  • Anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs) are distinguished from other lymphomas by their anaplastic cytology and constant membrane expression of the CD30 antigen (an activation marker for B or T cells). (medscape.com)
  • The Kell glycoprotein links via a single disulfide bond to the XK membrane protein [6] that carries the Kx antigen . (wikidoc.org)
  • In ALK-negative systemic ALCL, the small cell pattern is not recognized. (medscape.com)
  • Acute Leukemia of Indeterminate Lineage An acute leukemia in which the blasts lack sufficient evidence to classify as myeloid or lymphoid or they have morphologic and/or immunophenotypic characteristics of both myeloid and lymphoid cells. (nih.gov)
  • RT is diagnosed in individuals who have CLL/SLL that converts to a malignancy with the microscopic histopathology of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) or, less commonly, Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). (wikipedia.org)
  • Individuals lacking a specific Kell antigen may develop antibodies against Kell antigens when transfused with blood containing that antigen. (wikidoc.org)
  • Individuals without K antigens(K 0 ) who have formed an antibody to a K antigen, must be transfused with blood from donors who are also K 0 to prevent hemolysis. (wikidoc.org)
  • When a patient presents with neck lymphadenopathy and risk factors for a head and neck cancer, a fine-needle aspiration is usually advised as the initial diagnostic step, followed by excisional biopsy if squamous cell histology is excluded. (medscape.com)
  • Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma with Expression of Full-Length Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase A usually aggressive large B-cell lymphoma characterized by the presence of monomorphic immunoblast-like neoplastic B-lymphocytes in a sinusoidal growth pattern. (nih.gov)
  • The neoplastic B-lymphocytes express the ALK kinase but they lack the 2;5 translocation. (nih.gov)
  • Abnormal laboratory findings include elevation in blood lactate dehydrogenase levels in 50-80% of cases, progressively worsening anemia (i.e. decreases in red blood cells), thrombocytopenia (i.e. decreases in blood platelets), and/or hypercalcemia (i.e. elevation in serum calcium levels often due to bone involvement). (wikipedia.org)
  • McLeod phenotype (or McLeod syndrome) is an X-linked anomaly of the Kell blood group system in which Kell antigens are poorly detected by laboratory tests. (wikidoc.org)
  • To identify and find the transcriptional features of clonal plasma cells in POEMS syndrome (POEMS clones), single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on patient-derived bone marrow plasma cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • CLL is the circulation of malignant B lymphocytes with or without the infiltration of these cells into lymphatic or other tissues while SLL is the infiltration of these malignant B lymphocytes into lymphatic and/or other tissues with little or no circulation of these cells in the blood. (wikipedia.org)
  • Malignant C7419 Acanthoma A benign skin neoplasm composed of epithelial cells. (nih.gov)
  • WHO, 2001) Malignant C45929 Acidophil Stem Cell Pituitary Gland Adenoma Acidophil Stem Cell Adenoma An infrequent pituitary gland adenoma composed of cells showing immunoreactivity for prolactin and less often growth hormone. (nih.gov)
  • Acinic Cell Carcinoma A malignant glandular epithelial neoplasm consisting of secretory cells forming acinar patterns. (nih.gov)
  • Malignant C40367 Acinic Cell Breast Carcinoma A breast adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of serous (acinic cell) differentiation. (nih.gov)
  • WHO, 2001) Malignant C4673 Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia An acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage characterized by blasts which coexpress myeloid and T or B lineage antigens or concurrent B and T lineage antigens. (nih.gov)
  • In 1928, Maurice Richter reported that a patient with CLL developed an aggressive generalized swelling of his lymph nodes, liver, and spleen due to their infiltration by rapidly growing "sarcoma-like cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Morphological and immunohistochemical features were analyzed to examine the infiltration pattern, clonality, and IgG and IgG4 expression of plasma cells in these lymphadenopathies, and to summarize the differential diagnoses of plasma cell infiltration in common lymphadenopathies. (bvsalud.org)
  • Results: A total of 236 cases of lymphadenopathies with various degrees of plasma cell infiltration were included in the study. (bvsalud.org)
  • Leukemia Basophilic A rare acute myeloid leukemia in which the immature cells differentiate towards basophils. (nih.gov)
  • B cell dynamics may be influenced by the inflammatory microenvironment observed in smokers and between LUAD and LUSC. (bvsalud.org)
  • B cell repertoire, amongst other factors, may be influenced by the inflammatory burden in the TME and circulation, that is, smokers and non-smokers. (bvsalud.org)
  • Smoking status associates with key differences in the immune milieu and the consequent inflammatory microenvironment is likely responsible for the functional and phenotypic spectrum we have seen in the plasma cell and B cell repertoire in this condition. (bvsalud.org)
  • [1] [2] The Kell antigens are peptides found within the Kell protein , a 93- kilodalton transmembrane zinc -dependent endopeptidase which is responsible for cleaving endothelin-3 . (wikidoc.org)
  • Absence of the XK protein (such as through genetic deletion or through a single point mutation within the coding region of the XK gene [8] ), leads to marked reduction of the Kell antigens on the red blood cell surface. (wikidoc.org)
  • Representative examples include the acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas and the acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland. (nih.gov)
  • Dr. Richter termed the disorder "generalized reticular cell sarcoma. (wikipedia.org)
  • POEMS syndrome is a rare monoclonal plasma cell disorder with unique symptoms distinct from other plasma cell neoplasms. (bvsalud.org)
  • The transcriptional features of POEMS clones differed from those of other plasma cell diseases, and representative MM-related oncogenes were not upregulated in POEMS clones. (bvsalud.org)
  • Objective: To investigate the value of plasma cells for diagnosing lymph node diseases. (bvsalud.org)
  • The Kell antigen system (also known as Kell-Cellano system ) is a group of antigens on the human red blood cell surface which are important determinants of blood type and are targets for autoimmune or alloimmune diseases which destroy red blood cells. (wikidoc.org)
  • We have further clearly demonstrated that the plasma cell repertoire exists on a functional spectrum in lung cancer, and that the suppressive regulatory arm of this axis may play a significant role in determining postoperative outcomes as well as following checkpoint blockade. (bvsalud.org)
  • The KEL gene encodes a type II transmembrane glycoprotein [5] that is the highly polymorphic Kell blood group antigen. (wikidoc.org)
  • Following the formation of anti-K, subsequent blood transfusions may be marked by destruction of the new cells by these antibodies, a process known as hemolysis . (wikidoc.org)
  • Both AIHA and HDN may be severe when caused by anti-Kell antibodies, [10] as they are the most immunogenic antigens after those of the ABO and Rhesus blood group systems . (wikidoc.org)
  • The XK appears to be required for proper synthesis or presentation of the Kell antigens on the red blood cell surface. (wikidoc.org)
  • Methods: Common lymphadenopathy (except plasma cell neoplasms) diagnosed from September 2012 to August 2022 were selected from the pathological records of Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China. (bvsalud.org)
  • Anti-K is the next most common immune red cell antibody after those in the ABO and Rh system. (wikidoc.org)
  • POEMS clones were identified in 5 out of 10 patients, and the proportions of POEMS clones in the plasma cells were markedly smaller than that of other plasma cell malignancies such as multiple myeloma and MGUS. (bvsalud.org)
  • Histologically, ALCL is characterized by sheets of large pleomorphic cells with abundant cytoplasm, horseshoe- or wreath-shaped nuclei, and multiple prominent nucleoli. (medscape.com)