Rolling hairpin replication (RHR) is a unidirectional, strand displacement form of DNA replication used by parvoviruses, a group of viruses that constitute the family Parvoviridae. (wikipedia.org)
During RHR, these hairpin loops repeatedly unfold and refold to change the direction of DNA replication so that replication progresses in a continuous manner back and forth across the genome. (wikipedia.org)
The hairpin sequences provide most of the cis-acting information needed for DNA replication and packaging. (wikipedia.org)
Parvoviruses replicate their genomes through a process called rolling hairpin replication (RHR), which is a unidirectional, strand displacement form of DNA replication. (wikipedia.org)
Before replication, the coding portion of the ssDNA genome is converted to a double-strand DNA (dsDNA) form, which is then cleaved by a viral protein to initiate replication. (wikipedia.org)
Sequential unfolding and refolding of the hairpin termini acts to reverse the direction of synthesis, which allows replication to go back and forth along the genome to synthesize a continuous duplex replicative form (RF) DNA intermediate. (wikipedia.org)
Parvovirus genomes have distinct starting points of replication that contain palindromic DNA sequences. (wikipedia.org)
Injuries to DNA that introduce deviations from its normal, intact structure and which may, if left unrepaired, result in a MUTATION or a block of DNA REPLICATION. (lookformedical.com)
Palindromes longer than 200 bp cannot be amplified by traditional PCR using DNA polymerases with low strand displacement activity, nor can they be stably maintained in Escherichia coli . (biomedcentral.com)
The ability to form these hairpins results in genome instability, difficulties in maintaining clones in Escherichia coli and major problems for most DNA sequencing approaches. (biomedcentral.com)
Molecule1
The reconstruction of a continuous two-stranded DNA molecule without mismatch from a molecule which contained damaged regions. (lookformedical.com)
Sequences1
Unlike earlier protocols, it does not involve restriction enzymatic digestion prior to DNA snap-back thereby preserving longer DNA sequences. (biomedcentral.com)
Genomes3
Parvoviruses have linear, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) genomes in which the coding portion of the genome is flanked by telomeres at each end that form hairpin loops. (wikipedia.org)
Parvoviruses are a family of DNA viruses that have single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) genomes enclosed in rugged, icosahedral protein capsids 18-26 nanometers (nm) in diameter. (wikipedia.org)
Due to a lack of systematic approaches to identify and characterize palindromes from genomes, little is known about the distribution of DNA palindromes nor their association with human diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
Form3
Before RHR begins, a host cell DNA polymerase converts the genome to a duplex form in which the coding portion is double-stranded and connected to the terminal hairpins. (wikipedia.org)
During asymmetric junction resolution, the duplex extended form of the telomere reorganizes into a cruciform-shaped junction, and the correct orientation of the telomere is replicated off the lower arm of the cruciform. (wikipedia.org)
Closely spaced long inverted repeats, also known as DNA palindromes, can undergo intrastrand annealing to form DNA hairpins. (biomedcentral.com)
A second major focus of the lab is to understand how repetitive DNA causes genomic instability, including DNA breaks and fork stalling, and the cellular mechanisms used to overcome these barriers to genome integrity. (tufts.edu)
We are actively studying pathways of DNA repair that impact repeat instability and their mechanism of action. (tufts.edu)
18. Regions of genomic instability on 22q11 and 11q23 as the etiology for the recurrent constitutional t(11;22). (nih.gov)
Structures4
The Freudenreich lab is interested in how replication proceeds through repetitive DNA tracts, identifying the Srs2 helicase as being particularly important for replication through hairpin structures, and characterizing the role of fork stabilizing complexes and fork restart in maintaining CAG repeats. (tufts.edu)
14. Two sequential cleavage reactions on cruciform DNA structures cause palindrome-mediated chromosomal translocations. (nih.gov)
The DNA secondary structures that deviate from the classic Watson and Crick base pairing are increasingly being reported to form transiently in the cell and regulate specific cellular mechanisms. (frontiersin.org)
Unconventional DNA structures are normally formed transiently and promote (or prevent) certain cellular mechanisms, thus being strictly involved in the life cycle of cell. (frontiersin.org)
Single-stranded3
Parvoviruses have linear, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) genomes in which the coding portion of the genome is flanked by telomeres at each end that form hairpin loops. (wikipedia.org)
Parvoviruses are a family of DNA viruses that have single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) genomes enclosed in rugged, icosahedral protein capsids 18-26 nanometers (nm) in diameter. (wikipedia.org)
Contrary to human host cells, viruses display a diverse array of nucleic acid types, which include DNA or RNA in single-stranded or double-stranded conformations. (frontiersin.org)
Duplex3
Before RHR begins, a host cell DNA polymerase converts the genome to a duplex form in which the coding portion is double-stranded and connected to the terminal hairpins. (wikipedia.org)
During asymmetric junction resolution, the duplex extended form of the telomere reorganizes into a cruciform-shaped junction, and the correct orientation of the telomere is replicated off the lower arm of the cruciform. (wikipedia.org)
Sequential unfolding and refolding of the hairpin termini acts to reverse the direction of synthesis, which allows replication to go back and forth along the genome to synthesize a continuous duplex replicative form (RF) DNA intermediate. (wikipedia.org)
Genetic2
The causes of chromosome fragility are not well understood, but the results can be significant: a broken chromosome is vulnerable to loss or rearrangement, which can lead to cancer or other genetic diseases. (tufts.edu)
The genetic information of organisms is stored into deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which is generally arranged in a supercoiled form, further stabilized by ancillary proteins. (frontiersin.org)
Genome2
The overall goal of my research is to understand mechanisms of genome stability that operate at repetitive DNA, and how they collaborate to protect against repeat expansions and chromosome fragility. (tufts.edu)
We are investigating how these and other histone modifications and chromatin remodelers facilitate genome stability and promote repair with fidelity in the context of structure-forming DNA repeats. (tufts.edu)
Viral1
Most of the identified A-tracts are in the coding strand, both at the DNA and RNA levels, suggesting their possible relevance during viral translation. (frontiersin.org)
Present1
Parental submicroscopic genomic inversions have recently been demonstrated to be present in several genomic disorders. (nih.gov)
Mechanism1
15. The constitutional t(11;22): implications for a novel mechanism responsible for gross chromosomal rearrangements. (nih.gov)
Repair1
DNA repair takes place in the context of chromatin structure, and CAG/CTG repeat sequence is an especially strong nucleosome positioning sequence. (tufts.edu)