Reaction acetaldehyde. Medical search. Frequent questions

In one of the more spectacular addition reactions, formaldehyde in the presence of calcium hydroxide adds to MeCHO to give pentaerythritol, C(CH2OH)4 and formate. (wikipedia.org)
Acrolein was first produced commercially in the 1930s through the vapor phase condensation of acetaldehyde and formaldehyde (Etzkorn et al. (cdc.gov)
Glyoxal can be made like formaldehyde or acetaldehyde by passing ethylene glycol over a hot copper wire, and NBK has seen sulphamic acid at home depot, as has a friend of mine. (sciencemadness.org)
The three-component reaction of 5-aminotetrazole with aliphatic aldehydes (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde) and acetoacetic ester derivatives in water under microwave irradiation leads to the selective formation of 4,7-dihydrotetrazolo[1,5- a ]pyrimidine derivatives. (beilstein-journals.org)
Tobacco smoke contains more than 4000 chemicals, including carcinogenic and toxic carbonyl compounds (e.g., formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein).1,2 The amount of many individual carbonyl compounds in mainstream smoke is typically in the range of micrograms per cigarette.3 A risk assessment by Fowles and Dybing4 on chemical constituents in cigarette smoke suggested that mainstream smoke gas-phase constituents contribute heavily toward the cancer risk indices. (cdc.gov)
Low-molecular-weight carbonyl compounds such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein are difficult to accurately analyze because they are highly volatile, reactive, and water-soluble. (cdc.gov)

Pyridine & pyridine bases are manufactured by the reaction of acetaldehyde with ammonium acetate, where acetic acid is used as a solvent, in a refluxing tank reactor under atmospheric pressure. (marketsandmarkets.com)
ALDH catalyzes conversion of acetaldehyde to acetic acid. (medscape.com)
With naturally leavened breads the acetic acid is produced slowly and I suspect that allows more flavour reactions with the alcohol produced slowly by the yeast. (thefreshloaf.com)
Acetaldehyde is then converted to acetic acid through further enzymatic activity (3). (ucdavis.edu)
Acetaldehyde is metabolized further to acetic acid by aldehyde dehydrogenase. (medscape.com)
Acetaldehyde is primarily used as an intermediate in the manufacturing of acetic acid, flavorings, aniline dyes, plastics and synthetic rubber, in some fuel compounds and in the manufacture of numerous other products (Muttray et al. (who.int)

Each state of the catalyst exhibits distinct selectivity for the dehydrogenation of ethanol reaction with the single-atom alloy phase exhibiting high selectivity to acetaldehyde and hydrogen versus a range of products from Pd clusters. (nature.com)
The current process to produce acetaldehyde is the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethanol catalyzed by silver, which requires high temperature and separation of the byproduct, water. (phys.org)
But the LLNL team and collaborators found a way to stabilize nickel (Ni)-doped copper (Cu) catalysts that enable direct catalytic non-oxidative dehydrogenation of ethanol toward acetaldehyde and hydrogen, a clean fuel. (phys.org)
Exposure of the oxidized surface to ethanol at reaction temperature reduces the CuO surface while most of the Ni remains oxidized and embedded in the Cu. In this state, Ni doping provides stable (more than 60 hours) and improved activity for catalytic dehydrogenation of ethanol to acetaldehyde and hydrogen. (phys.org)

Smaller quantities can be prepared by the partial oxidation of ethanol in an exothermic reaction. (wikipedia.org)
The reaction is conducted at 90-95 °C, and the acetaldehyde formed is separated from water and mercury and cooled to 25-30 °C. In the wet oxidation process, iron(III) sulfate is used to reoxidize the mercury back to the mercury(II) salt. (wikipedia.org)
Also, Pd nanoparticles (NPs) are needed for the methane oxidation reaction, and the decomposition of the NPs into single Pd atoms at high temperatures leads to a drop in reactivity 18 . (nature.com)
I read up on this once, it's hard to prevent further oxidation, how do you suppose it'd easily work with a Cu-catalysed reaction? (sciencemadness.org)

Consumption of disulfiram inhibits acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, the enzyme responsible for the metabolism of acetaldehyde, thereby causing it to build up in the body. (wikipedia.org)
To deter- mine the effect of the G609D mutation on Cphy3925 enzyme activity, we purified WT and ET versions of the enzyme (Fig. 3A) and tested their in vitro catalysis of the two-step, bidirectional reactions converting acetyl-CoA to ethanol using either NADH or NADPH cofactors. (researchgate.net)
Fermentations of this class are purely chemical reactions, in which the enzyme acts as a simple catalytic agent. (freedictionary.org)
The rate of reaction is determined early in the progress curve-very little product is present, but the enzyme has gone through a limited number of catalytic cycles. (cliffsnotes.com)
For example, the three curves in Figure represent progress curves for an enzyme under three different reaction conditions. (cliffsnotes.com)
Just as any other chemical reaction can be favored by increasing the concentration of a reactant, the formation of an enzyme‐substrate complex can be favored by a higher concentration of substrate. (cliffsnotes.com)
In some bacterial species the enzyme forms a bifunctional complex with EC 1.2.1.10 , acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (acetylating). (enzyme-database.org)
Following absorption from the digestive tract, the liver metabolizes the alcohol using an alcohol-specific enzyme called alcohol dehydrogenase that converts alcohol into acetaldehyde. (ucdavis.edu)
Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), a cytosolic enzyme, metabolizes alcohol to acetaldehyde in hepatocytes. (medscape.com)
Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction. (bvsalud.org)

Thus, Huh-7 may be more vulnerable to ethanol toxicity because of the higher levels of acetaldehyde. (springer.com)
In an investigation to evaluate environmental tobacco smoke exposure among casino dealers in three U.S. casinos, NIOSH (2009a) found that the levels of acetaldehyde in full-shift personal breathing zone ranged from 4.8 to 17.0 g/m3. (who.int)

Ethanol is primarily metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase to acetaldehyde, which is then metabolized by ALDH to acetate and carbon dioxide. (medscape.com)
The ET strain has a G609D variant in Cphy3925 AdhE, a putative acetaldehyde-CoA dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). (researchgate.net)
The acetaldehyde is then further reduced to ethanol by alcohol dehydrogenase. (jove.com)
This reaction results in the production of acetaldehyde, a carcinogenic compound, which is enzymatically reduced to acetate by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) [ 12 ]. (springer.com)
The conversion of pyruvate into acetyl-CoA is referred to as the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Reaction. (dadamo.com)

[3] [4] The German chemist Valentin Hermann Weidenbusch (1821-1893), another of Liebig's students, synthesized paraldehyde in 1848 by treating acetaldehyde with acid (either sulfuric or nitric acid) and cooling to 0°C. He found it quite remarkable that when paraldehyde was heated with a trace of the same acid, the reaction went the other way, recreating acetaldehyde. (wikipedia.org)

Pyruvate is first converted into acetaldehyde by pyruvate decarboxylase. (jove.com)
During this process, the glucose molecule is initially converted into two molecules of pyruvate through a series of chemical reactions. (jove.com)
Through a complex reaction, pyruvate is decarboxylated and turned into acetaldehyde, then attached to coenzyme A while NAD+ is subsequently reduced to NADH and H+. (dadamo.com)

The mechanism of the reaction with aldehydes or ketones. (utexas.edu)

Similarly noncompetitive, acetaldehyde arises from synthesis gas with modest selectivity. (wikipedia.org)
But simple organic molecules such as amino acids recently burst on the scene as a third class of inexpensive catalysts for reactions with enantiomer selectivity, which are required for drug synthesis. (nature.com)
Heterogeneous catalysis using nanomaterials have the potential for substantially increasing efficiency through enhancement of reaction selectivity and decreasing the operating temperature for high-volume processes. (phys.org)

Acetaldehyde is possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B) because there is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of acetaldehyde, and there is sufficient evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of acetaldehyde. (who.int)

Prior to the Wacker process and the availability of cheap ethylene, acetaldehyde was produced by the hydration of acetylene. (wikipedia.org)
Furthermore, Ni and Pt clusters are required for the complete hydrogenation of ethylene to ethane, as this reaction does not take place on highly dilute NiCu alloys 19 or the PtCu SAA 14 . (nature.com)
Among the numerous processes for producing glyoxal, only those using acetaldehyde [75-07-0] and ethylene glycol [107-21-1] as starting materials have been developed commercially. (sciencemadness.org)

In 2000, List used the amino acid proline to catalyse a Mannich reaction - which combines a carbonyl, an aldehyde, and an amine compound to produce β-amino carbonyl compounds, and is used widely in the synthesis of biologically active molecules, including medicinal drugs. (nature.com)

Multiple VOCs (e.g., methyl methacrylate, acetaldehyde, ethanol, acetone, benzene , xylene) were identified when spot welding using either the adhesive or the anti-spatter spray that were not present when welding alone. (cdc.gov)

But the simplest of all substrates, acetaldehyde, still wouldn't work. (nature.com)

Inhibition of ALDH produces a clinical syndrome similar to disulfiram (Antabuse) alcohol reaction. (medscape.com)
Accumulation of acetaldehyde leads to the clinical manifestations of the disulfiram-ethanol interaction. (medscape.com)

The hydroformylation of methanol with catalysts like cobalt, nickel, or iron salts also produces acetaldehyde, although this process is of no industrial importance. (wikipedia.org)
Pyridine & pyridine base derivative lead the overall acetaldehyde market, due to their use as scavengers and as catalysts in several reactions. (marketsandmarkets.com)
Therefore, understanding active site stability and evolution under different reaction conditions is key to the design of efficient and robust catalysts. (nature.com)
Therefore, in situ control of the structure of the active sites in bimetallic catalysts should offer a way to tune reaction networks and achieve efficient conversion to the desired products. (nature.com)
Eager to understand the basis of this unexpected reactivity, scientists have recently turned their efforts to elucidating the elementary steps that make up reaction mechanisms on the surfaces of gold catalysts. (acs.org)

Paraldehyde is the cyclic trimer of acetaldehyde molecules. (wikipedia.org)
H 2 O 2 + R′ H 2 → R′ + 2H 2 O. This type of oxidative reaction is particularly important in liver and kidney cells, where the peroxisomes detoxify various toxic molecules that enter the bloodstream. (nih.gov)
A major function of the oxidative reactions performed in peroxisomes is the breakdown of fatty acid molecules. (nih.gov)

Acrylic acid and carbon oxides are the major byproducts produced during this reaction. (cdc.gov)

Gold nanoparticles decorated with oxygen atoms (red) catalyze the reaction of benzeneacetaldehyde (left) with methoxy intermediates to form the methyl ester (right). (acs.org)

The reaction of sulfuric acid and acetaldehyde is exothermic, with the heat of reaction being −113 kJ·mol −1 . (wikipedia.org)

List, B. Confined Acids Catalyze Asymmetric Single Aldolizations of Acetaldehyde Enolates. (mpg.de)

Peroxisomes might have served to lower the intracellular concentration of oxygen, while also exploiting its chemical reactivity to perform useful oxidative reactions. (nih.gov)
According to this view, the later development of mitochondria rendered peroxisomes largely obsolete because many of the same reactions-which had formerly been carried out in peroxisomes without producing energy-were now coupled to ATP formation by means of oxidative phosphorylation . (nih.gov)
The oxidative reactions performed by peroxisomes in present-day cells would therefore be those that have important functions not taken over by mitochondria. (nih.gov)

It is used primarily as a source of the "CH3C+H(OH)" synthon in aldol reactions and related condensation reactions. (wikipedia.org)

The research could make the production of the important industrial feedstock chemical acetaldehyde more efficient. (phys.org)

Acetaldehyde (IUPAC systematic name ethanal) is an organic chemical compound with the formula CH3CHO, sometimes abbreviated as MeCHO. (wikipedia.org)

[ 7 ] Ingestion of ethanol up to 3 days after mushroom ingestion may produce acetaldehyde toxicity. (medscape.com)

AdhE loss of function could mitigate ethanol stress by reducing intracellular levels of ethanol and its highly toxic precursor, acetaldehyde. (researchgate.net)

Chemical reactions that produce one enantiomer only were thought to be catalysed by either enzymes or heavy metals. (nature.com)
It may be possible that there are enzymes present in the flour that can catalyze this reaction. (thefreshloaf.com)
The enzymes from the bacteria Burkholderia xenovorans and Thermus thermophilus also perform the reaction of EC 4.1.3.43 , 4-hydroxy-2-oxohexanoate aldolase [4,5]. (enzyme-database.org)

The process occurs in two parts: an aldol reaction, which forms an aldol product, and a dehydration reaction, which removes water to form the final product. (khanacademy.org)
Schreyer, L. IDPi Catalysis: The Hosomi-Sakurai Allylation and a Mukaiyama Aldol Reaction with Enolsilanes of Acetaldehyde. (mpg.de)

Increasing use of acetaldehyde as an important chemical intermediate in various applications, such as food & beverage, chemicals, plastics, and paints & coatings is driving the acetaldehyde market in the Asia Pacific. (marketsandmarkets.com)
List says pharmaceutical companies have already expressed an interest in this work and a number of researchers, including himself, are trying to use acetaldehyde in other types of chemical reactions. (nature.com)
The biggest challenge was not really a technical or chemical one but rather having to give up the notion that it was impossible to use acetaldehyde in these types of reactions," he says. (nature.com)
For some other reactions, clusters of the catalytically active metal atom are needed to activate chemical bonds and obtain the desired products. (nature.com)
Hydrogen is not directly a greenhouse gas, but its chemical reactions change the abundances of the greenhouse gases methane, ozone, and stratospheric water vapor, as well as aerosols. (noaa.gov)
Search chemical reactions in Rhea for this molecule. (rhea-db.org)
The production of the acetaldehyde is a good example of the need to improve the energy efficiency of chemical transformations. (phys.org)
ACD is a of Risk from Existing Knowledge (DEREK) may be delayed (type IV) hypersensitivity reaction to an useful to some extent in the initial screening of exogenous chemical mediated by T-cell-related potential sensitization hazard of chemicals in processes (1-3). (cdc.gov)

Acetaldehyde is a common electrophile in organic synthesis. (wikipedia.org)
When the attacking species during the addition reaction is Electrophile, it is called electrophilic addition reaction. (globalguideline.com)

Getting acetaldehyde to behave as a substrate for organic synthesis. (nature.com)

Born-Haber cycle is useful for calculation of lattice energy, heat of reaction and electron affinity. (globalguideline.com)

In addition to slowing reaction time, alcohol consumption also impairs coordination and judgment, alters speech, and negatively impacts balance and motor skills (1,5). (ucdavis.edu)
During alcohol consumption, acetaldehyde is formed in the digestive system by microbes in normal gut and flora. (who.int)

When atoms (or) group of atoms are added, to form more saturated compound it is called addition reaction. (globalguideline.com)
When the atom (or) group of atoms present in the organic compound is replaced by another atom (or) group of atoms (electrophilic) is called electrophilic substitution reaction. (globalguideline.com)
It was suggested that the reaction rates were influenced by the ionic nature of the compound in solution. (go.jp)
Occupational exposure to acetaldehyde may occur by inhalation and skin exposure at workplaces where this compound is produced or used. (who.int)

IUPAC name: ethenol): CH3CH=O ⇌ CH2=CHOH ∆H298,g = +42.7 kJ/mol The equilibrium constant is 6×10−7 at room temperature, thus that the relative amount of the enol form in a sample of acetaldehyde is very small. (wikipedia.org)
At room temperature, acetaldehyde (CH3CH=O) is more stable than vinyl alcohol (CH2=CHOH) by 42.7 kJ/mol: Overall the keto-enol tautomerization occurs slowly but is catalyzed by acids. (wikipedia.org)

An intermediate product, acetaldehyde, is formed in the first process. (freedictionary.org)

Benjamin List's group at the Max Planck Institute for Coal Research in Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany, have managed to tame the highly reactive molecule and use it in the Mannich reaction (a process for forming carbon-carbon bonds), opening the door to a broad range of applications in drug design. (nature.com)
Reaction takes place at ca. 40 °C and is carried out industrially as a continuous process. (sciencemadness.org)
The process involves two distinct reactions, in which the oxygen of the air is essential. (freedictionary.org)
The book contains manufacturing processes, reactions, equipments details, process flow diagram of number of chemicals, which have huge industrial uses. (niir.org)
Personal task-based sampling among process operators ranged from 0.2 to 14 mg/m3 acetaldehyde (van Rooy et al. (who.int)

Display a pathway starting from this reaction. (ethz.ch)

Acetaldehyde occurs naturally in coffee, bread, and ripe fruit, and is produced by plants. (wikipedia.org)
in yeast and plant cells, however, this essential reaction occurs exclusively in peroxisomes. (nih.gov)
At the end of the reaction, equilibrium is reached, no net conversion of substrate to product occurs, and either curve approaches the horizontal. (cliffsnotes.com)

His view changed in 2006, when his group discovered that the substrate N -tert-butoxycarbonyl ( N -Boc)-imine gave very high amounts of essentially a single enantiomer in proline-catalyzed Mannich reactions. (nature.com)
Remember that in redox reactions, one substrate is oxidized and one is reduced. (cliffsnotes.com)
In other words, the substrate and product of the reaction are isomers . (cliffsnotes.com)

Paraldehyde can be produced by the direct reaction of acetaldehyde and sulfuric acid . (wikipedia.org)
Is this reaction in the presence of an acid or a base? (khanacademy.org)

Acetaldehyde is used as a flavoring agent in several food products, and is widely used in the food & beverage industry as a preservative for fruits, fish, and as a flavoring agent. (marketsandmarkets.com)
Reactions to alcohol vary widely and depend on several factors including race, sex, age, amount of alcohol consumed, use of drugs or prescriptions, family history, medical conditions, and how quickly the alcohol was consumed (1). (ucdavis.edu)

In addition, increasing use of acetaldehyde in derivative, such as pyridines and pentaerythritol in emerging economies are influencing the growth of the acetaldehyde market. (marketsandmarkets.com)

Although much has been learned about reaction dynamics involving one hydrogen atom, less is known about those processes where two or more hydrogen atoms participate. (osti.gov)
Sources of acetaldehyde are industrial burning processes, traffic emissions or emissions emerging from the combustion of wood. (who.int)

Organic chemists had all but given up on acetaldehyde when it came to certain types of reactions because this deceptively simple molecule has a tendency to go through many side reactions. (nature.com)

Many people with allergic reactions to these substances have found relief through the use of selenium. (healthy.net)

In many biochemical reactions, the position of a functional group is changed within a molecule, but the molecule itself contains the same number and kind of atoms that it did in the beginning. (cliffsnotes.com)

In reduction reaction the amount of positive charge of the atom is reduced when adding negatively charged electron. (proprofs.com)

The new proline-catalysed Mannich reaction yielded high amounts of only one enantiomer. (nature.com)

In addition reactions acetaldehyde is prochiral. (wikipedia.org)
When unsaturated compounds undergo addition reactions with free radicals, it is called free radical addition reaction. (globalguideline.com)

I wondered whether adding it would enable more flavour producing reactions with the alcohol produced by the yeast. (thefreshloaf.com)

A task-based acetaldehyde air concentration of 0.19 ppm was measured during pouring and mixing of ingredients for a fruit flavor in the liquid production room. (who.int)
The highest task-based acetaldehyde air concentration (4.02 ppm) was measured during packaging of a powdered dairy-flavored product in the powder production room. (who.int)

ligases carry out the converse reaction, removing the elements of water from two functional groups to form a single bond. (cliffsnotes.com)

The product of the reaction is dependent on the temperature. (wikipedia.org)
The first time List's group tried combining acetaldehyde with N -Boc-imines in a proline-catalysed Mannich reaction they obtained only about 1% of product. (nature.com)
What is the only product obtainable in good yield in such a reaction? (utexas.edu)
The reaction of p-substituted benzyl chlorides [ 1 ] with Fe 3 (CO) 12 in benzene gave p-substituted diphenylmethanes [ 3 ] as a major product. (go.jp)

An essential biosynthetic function of animal peroxisomes is to catalyze the first reactions in the formation of plasmalogens , which are the most abundant class of phospholipids in myelin ( Figure 12-32 ). (nih.gov)

The analogous reaction with acetylacetone requires scandium(III) triflate as catalyst. (beilstein-journals.org)

Furthermore, it contributes an acetyl group to choline to produce acetylcholine, in a reaction catalysed by choline acetyltransferase. (dadamo.com)
Three recent studies have reported acetaldehyde air concentrations in facilities that produce and use flavorings. (who.int)

This reaction takes place within the mitochondria. (medscape.com)

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs15

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment1

Named Groups1

Formaldehyde6

Acetic6

Dehydrogenation of ethanol4

Oxidation4

Enzyme10

Levels of acetaldehyde2

Dehydrogenase5

Nitric acid1

Pyruvate3

Aldehydes1

Selectivity3

Carcinogenic1

Ethylene3

Carbonyl1

Acetone1

Substrates1

Disulfiram2

Catalysts5

Molecules3

Byproducts1

Methyl1

Exothermic1

Enolates1

Oxidative3

Primarily1

Feedstock1

Systematic1

Toxicity1

Precursor1

Enzymes3

Aldol2

Chemical8

Electrophile2

Synthesis1

Heat of react1

Alcohol consumption2

Compound4

Room temperature2

Intermediate1

Process5

Pathway1

Occurs3

Substrate3

Acid2

Widely2

Derivative1

Processes2

Organic1

Allergic1

Atoms1

Reduction1

Amounts1

Addition reactions2

Yeast1

Concentration2

Water1

Product4

Catalyze1

Catalyst1

Produce2

Mitochondria1