• A cardiac fibrosis model was established in Sprague-Dawley rats through a subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (ISO, 5 mg/kg/d). (dovepress.com)
  • The Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided randomly into four groups: normal group, diabetes mellitus group (DM group), DM with EA treatment group (EA group), and DM with sham EA treatment group (sham EA group). (hindawi.com)
  • Other common strains are the Sprague Dawley, Fischer 344, Holtzman albino strains, Long-Evans, and Lister black hooded rats. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this experiment, Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), acupuncture, and fluoxetine groups. (medscimonit.com)
  • The results demonstrated that Cd exposure disrupted the balance between the blood and intestinal flora in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, with a significant increase in gut microbiota ( Clostridia_UCG_014 , NK4A214_group ) and blood microbiome ( Corynebacterium , Muribaculaceae ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Thirty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five experimental groups (6 rats per group). (researchgate.net)
  • A total of 30 healthy and adult Sprague-Dawley type female rats were included in the study. (nih.gov)
  • Adult Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were induced to develop DN through intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/kg). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Adult Sprague Dawley rats (either sex) weighed 200-300 gm were obtained from Central Animal House facility at Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab (India). (researchsquare.com)
  • Custom made endosseous dental implants were installed in female Sprague Dawley rats following a newly established three-step implantation procedure . (bvsalud.org)
  • Wistar rat pups were divided into three groups of eight each. (molvis.org)
  • After 30 weeks of follow-up, Wistar rats operated on RYGB, OAGB with a short BPL (15 cm, OAGB-15), or a long BPL (35 cm, OAGB-35), and unoperated rats exhibit no cases of esogastric cancer, metaplasia, dysplasia, or Barrett's esophagus. (nature.com)
  • Most are derived from the albino Wistar rat, which is still widely used. (wikipedia.org)
  • Wistar rats) [155], failed to influence food intake during a 1 h ad libitum feeding period, moderate to high doses of CBD (4.4 mg·kg −1 , i.p. [58]. (researchgate.net)
  • Deoxycorticosterone acetate salt (20 mg/kg, s.c.) was administered twice a week in male Wistar rats for 4 w with daily drinking water containing sodium chloride (1 %) and potassium chloride (0.2 %) to develop hypertension. (ijpsonline.com)
  • To test this hypothesis, basal extracellular concentrations of dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) in the nucleus accumbens as well as the effects of repeated ethanol pretreatment on the basal release of these transmitters were examined in alcohol-preferring (P), alcohol-nonpreferring (NP), and genetically heterogeneous Wistar rats. (aspetjournals.org)
  • In ethanol-naive rats, significant line differences were observed with high basal 5-HT release in P rats, low 5-HT release in NP rats, and intermediate 5-HT levels in Wistar rats. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Ethanol pretreatment decreased basal extracellular 5-HT levels in P rats whereas increasing 5-HT efflux was seen in the Wistar and NP lines. (aspetjournals.org)
  • In addition, ethanol pretreatment increased extracellular DA concentrations in Wistar and P rats, but not in NP rats. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Twelve male Wistar rats obtained from Charles River were randomly divided into two groups: control group and induced group. (uevora.pt)
  • Wistar rats were trained for the inhibitory avoidance task, treated with lithium for 100 days and tested for perdurability of long-term memory. (springer.com)
  • OBJECTIVE: To characterize the brain-wide expression of Aβ42 throughout the life span of outbred Wistar rats, and to relate these findings to brains of human subjects without neurological disease. (lu.se)
  • METHODS: Aβ42 immunolabeling of 12 Wistar rat brains (3-18 months of age) and brain sections from six human subjects. (lu.se)
  • RESULTS: In healthy Wistar rats, we find intracellular Aβ42 (iAβ42) in neurons throughout the brain at all ages, but levels vary greatly between brain regions. (lu.se)
  • CONCLUSION: Expression of iAβ42 in healthy Wistar rats predominates in the same structures where iAβ accumulates and Aβ plaques initially form in the much used, Wistar based McGill-R-Thy1-APP rat model for AD. (lu.se)
  • The difference between wild-type Wistar rats and these AD model rats, with respect to Aβ42, is therefore quantitative rather that qualitative. (lu.se)
  • Methods: Male adult Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus) were distributed in a completely randomized framework in a 2x2 factorial design (with and without periodontal disease (PD) with and without chronic stress (CE), using eight replicates in each group. (bvsalud.org)
  • Besides traditional methods of analysis of behavioural data, new statistical methods will be developed to enable behavioural classification of transgenic and wild type animals. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
  • Aim: Compare the radiographic, morphometric, and histometric methods to assess alveolar bone loss in rats with ligature-induced periodontal disease and submitted to chronic stress. (bvsalud.org)
  • Conclusion: The histometric, radiographic, and morphometric methods showed similar results in the analysis of alveolar bone loss in rats with PD submitted to CE. (bvsalud.org)
  • Visceral organ cross-sensitization was induced in adult female rats via transurethral infusion of protamine sulfate (PS) into the urinary bladder or infusion into the colon of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). (aspetjournals.org)
  • Furthermore, the above model was tested by simulating the gas-uptake data of the female rats pretreated with 1-aminobenzotrizole, a general P450 suicide inhibitor, or d,l-buthionine (S,R)-sulfoximine, an inhibitor of GSH synthesis, prior to exposure to 800 ppm 1-BP. (cdc.gov)
  • Male and female rats from the 10th generation were used to assess anxiety-like reactions in the elevated plus maze (EPM), depressive-like behavior in the forced swim test (FST), and aversive memory in the contextual fear conditioning paradigm. (bvsalud.org)
  • In the EPM, female rats showed lower anxiety-like behavior than males, whereas CHF rats were more anxious than CLF rats. (bvsalud.org)
  • Therefore, we explored the effects and mechanisms of EA on DBD in streptozotocin-high-fat diet- (STZ-HFD-) induced diabetic rats. (hindawi.com)
  • The bladder weight, serum glucose, bladder wall thickness, volume threshold for micturition, and postvoid residual (PVR) volume in the diabetic rats were significantly higher than those in the control animals. (hindawi.com)
  • EA treatment significantly reduced the bladder weight, bladder wall thickness, volume threshold for micturition, and PVR volume in diabetic rats. (hindawi.com)
  • EA reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the bladder mucosa layer of diabetic rats. (hindawi.com)
  • In addition, EA repaired the damaged bladder detrusor muscle of diabetic rats by reducing mitochondrial damage of the SMCs and fibroblasts. (hindawi.com)
  • The present study was undertaken to characterize both vascular production and the enzymatic source of superoxide anion in type 2 diabetic rats. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • The objective of the present study was to evaluate anti-diabetic effects of chromium picolinate (CrPic) and biotin supplementations in type 2 diabetic rats. (cambridge.org)
  • The type 2 diabetic rat model was induced by high-fat diet (HFD) and low-dose streptozotocin. (cambridge.org)
  • 5) diabetic rats fed a HFD and supplemented with both CrPic and biotin. (cambridge.org)
  • 0·05) in diabetic rats treated with biotin and CrPic, particularly with a combination of the supplements. (cambridge.org)
  • Intact or diabetic rats receieved intraperitoneal injection of saline or ۲/۵mg/Kg green synthesized Ag-NPs. (civilica.com)
  • Blood concentration of liver enzymes, urea, glucose, white blood cells count and TNF-α mRNA levels in visceral adipose tissue significantly declined in diabetic rats receiving Ag-NPs.Conclusion: The synthesized Ag-NPs using Galega officinalis extract may improve complication of diabetes via preventing liver hepatocyte damage and reducing inflammatory factors. (civilica.com)
  • The aim of the current study was to predict changes in plasma methionine and homocysteine concentrations after simulated consumption of methionine-rich foods, following the development of a mathematical model for MMC in Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rats, as a representative T2DM animal model. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here, we focused on the fact that a high-fat diet affects the metabolism of both methionine and homocysteine in a diabetic rat model [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Diabetic GK rats and control animals were randomly assigned to receive E4 or vehicle by intravitreal injection. (molvis.org)
  • Animals from induced group received a weekly intraperitoneal injection of N, N'-Dimethylhydrazine (DMH), for seven consecutive weeks. (uevora.pt)
  • In the present study, we examined the effect of a complex rearing environment during adolescence on attention and behavioral inhibition in adult male rats. (frontiersin.org)
  • The reproductive function of rats was studied at the Institute for Experimental Biology at the University of California, Berkeley by Herbert McLean Evans and Joseph A. Long. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although larger animal models are useful, they are extraordinarily expensive and, consequently, experimental opportunities and replications are very limited. (ca.gov)
  • As the rodent approximation of our complex society, we housed animals post-weaning in an enriched laboratory housing, which is widely used as an experimental condition to provide a more complex environment to the animal compared to standard housing. (frontiersin.org)
  • In a separate group of rats, the efficacy of the acute foot shock in triggering a stress response was confirmed wherein a comparable surge in circulating corticosterone was seen in all three experimental groups. (ncbs.res.in)
  • Animal models have been used in experimental research to find new solutions for old biomedical questions. (uevora.pt)
  • Experimental manipulations that increase "anxiety" or "fear" increase startle response amplitudes in rats (see, for example, Davis, 1992 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • Reliable biofilm quantification on the implant surface and the symptoms of peri-implant mucositis of the bacterially inoculated animals will serve as a readout for experimental evaluation of biofilm -reducing modifications of implant materials. (bvsalud.org)
  • Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling for 1-bromopropane in F344 rats using gas uptake inhalation experiments. (cdc.gov)
  • Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for 1-BP has been developed to examine 2 metabolic pathway assumptions for gas-uptake inhalation study. (cdc.gov)
  • physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model. (cdc.gov)
  • and in products for the treatment of textiles develop physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models of and leathers. (cdc.gov)
  • In the present study, we investigated the effects of Cd exposure on microbiota and serum metabolism in rats by omics analysis. (frontiersin.org)
  • the ability of the squirrel to survive through repeated cycles of long periods of hypometabolic torpor interspersed with brief periods of euthermic arousal during hibernation makes it an excellent model for studies of metabolism, hypoxia/reperfusion, and longevity. (mcw.edu)
  • To verify this hypothesis, mathematical modeling of methionine metabolism was required to predict the levels of homocysteine derived from given amounts of methionine. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study suggested that WSJPR could effectively relieve renal damage and improve renal function of DN rats by ameliorating metabolism disorder and increasing the gene expression of nephrin and podocin, which might be a useful approach for the treatment of DN. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the model, we tested the hypothesis that metabolism responsibilities were shared by the p450 CYP2E1 and glutathione (GSH) conjugation. (cdc.gov)
  • The comparative investigation on the metabolic pathway of 1-BP through the PBPK modeling in both sexes provides critical information for understanding the role of p450 and GSH in the metabolism of 1-BP and eventually helps to quantitatively extrapolate current animal studies to human. (cdc.gov)
  • Thus, 0we hypothesized that long-term administration of a high-methionine diet to T2DM rats with normal renal function may create metabolic changes, culminating in an elevated level of circulating homocysteine. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the current investigation, the STZ induced DN rat model was used to evaluate the effects of WSJPR on renal function and renal pathological changes and the potential causal mechanisms. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 1992) that chloroquine treatment of rats eventually would lead to infertility by resulting in late germ cell developmental with depletion of spermatids (Abayomi O, 1992).This suggested the requirement for the quinine to occupied a place as a male contraceptive agent in humans (Osinubi et al. (researchgate.net)
  • Here, we evaluated the possible modulation of Pla2 activity by a long-term treatment of rats with low doses of lithium and its impact in memory. (springer.com)
  • On the contrary, BA concentrations were the highest in the residual gastric pouch of OAGB-15 rats. (nature.com)
  • Using our model, we performed simulations to compare the changes in plasma methionine and homocysteine concentrations between ZDF and normal rats, by multiple administrations of the methionine-rich diet of 1 mmol/kg, daily for 60 days. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Modelled historical concentrations and depositions of ammonia and ammonium in Europe. (cdc.gov)
  • concentrations in rat blood, urine, and fetal tissue. (cdc.gov)
  • The gerbil, Psammomys obesus, commonly known as the fat sand rat, is a well-defined animal model for human type 2 diabetes (T2D). (ku.dk)
  • Forty pregnant rats were treated with (A) 5.5 mg/kg BA, (B) 1.4 mg/kg BA, and (C) 1 ml physiological saline. (hindawi.com)
  • EGEEA and EGEE for pregnant rats and humans. (cdc.gov)
  • 1982. Acute inhalation toxicity of ammonia in rats with variable exposure periods. (cdc.gov)
  • Laboratory rats or lab rats are strains of the subspecies Rattus norvegicus domestica which are bred and kept for scientific research. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 18th-century Europe, wild brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) ran rampant and this infestation fueled the industry of rat-catching. (wikipedia.org)
  • The potential exposure to 1-BP and the current reports of adverse effects associated with occupational exposure to high levels of 1-BP have increased the need to understand the mechanism of 1-BP toxicity in animal models as a mean of understanding risk in workers. (cdc.gov)
  • These findings suggest that upregulated expression of p22phox mRNA and enhanced NADH oxidase activity contribute to the impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation in OLETF rats. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Rats were euthanized at different time points and the imaging findings were correlated with histological analysis to validate the presence of metastases in tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In a study just published in Inflammation and Regeneration , Japanese researchers have developed a technique for improving bone regeneration over large areas in rats-;and their findings may translate well to clinical settings. (news-medical.net)
  • Several attempts have been made to replicate the electrophysiologic findings of normal OAEs and abnormal ABRs in an animal model for AN. (medscape.com)
  • In another model, chronic infusion of ouabain to the round window of gerbils has also shown some physiological similarities to the findings associated with AN/AD and has the potential to be an animal model for AN/AD. (medscape.com)
  • When rat pups are selectively depleted of brain dopamine by treatment with 6-hydroxydopamine in the newborn period, they display a constellation of behaviors similar to those seen in childhood MBD: hyperactivity, disturbed habituation, cognitive deficits, and "normalization" with stimulant medication. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Moreover, cognitive decline and memory deficits showed to be reduced in animal models after lithium treatment, prompting us to evaluate possible links between Pla2, lithium and memory. (springer.com)
  • Animal models of neurological deficits: how relevant is the rat? (lu.se)
  • All but one of the testicular tumors occurred in the rats from a single supplier. (wikipedia.org)
  • Groups A and B intervened with BA showed significant higher level of TBA in both maternal and fetal serum, more mortality rate of fetal rats, more concentration of SP-A in fetal serum, and wider alveolus mesenchyme of fetal rats than the control Group C. Higher level of BA associated with increased fetal risk and lower numerical density of mitochondria in type II alveolar epithelial cells. (hindawi.com)
  • The TBA level in maternal serum showed significant association with lung pathological changes in fetal rats. (hindawi.com)
  • After behavioral tests were completed, serum, feces, and hippocampal tissue of rats were collected. (medscimonit.com)
  • Many investigators who wish to trace observations on behavior and physiology to underlying genes regard aspects of these in rats as more relevant to humans and easier to observe than in mice, giving impetus to the development of genetic research techniques applicable to rats. (wikipedia.org)
  • To measure impulsive action and inhibition of behavior in rats, we used the 5-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT) ( Robbins, 2002 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Developmental research on the relationship between brain function and behavior can be facilitated by appropriate animal models, interpreted conservatively. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The same stress elicits different effects on anxiety-like behavior in rat models of Fmr1 and Pten. (ncbs.res.in)
  • Hence, in the present study we examined the impact of acute foot shock stress on anxiety-like behavior in two monogenic rat models of ASDs, fragile X mental retardation 1 knockout (Fmr1) and phosphatase and tensin homolog heterozygous (Pten). (ncbs.res.in)
  • Before exposure to stress, the basal levels of anxiety-like behavior in both Fmr1 and Pten rats were comparable to that seen in wild-type (WT) control rats in an open-field arena. (ncbs.res.in)
  • After exposure to the foot shock stress, however, Fmr1 rats showed the highest levels of anxiety-like behavior. (ncbs.res.in)
  • WT animals also showed enhanced anxiety-like behavior but not as robustly as the Fmr1 animals. (ncbs.res.in)
  • Thus, the same acute stress led to different effects on anxiety-like behavior in different rodent models of ASDs, suggesting that vulnerability to stress-induced changes in anxiety may vary with the underlying genetic mutations. (ncbs.res.in)
  • For the experiment, rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: ALA group (n=10), DXP group (n=10), and control group (n=10). (nih.gov)
  • Discs of the EC- and EF-type foams were implanted in the dorsal subcutaneous tissue of male rats up to 42 weeks, explanted and histologically inspected together with the surrounding tissues by haematoxylin and eosin staining. (polimi.it)
  • Laboratory rats are frequently subject to dissection or microdialysis to study internal effects on organs and the brain, such as for cancer or pharmacological research. (wikipedia.org)
  • This and similar models may help clarify certain aspects of the developmental associations between alterations in brain physiology, abnormal psychological mechanisms, and the emergence of behavioral deviance. (elsevierpure.com)
  • When combined with an HS, an UCCAO is associated with ischemic neuronal injury in the ipsilateral hemisphere of adult rat brain, which can be attenuated by therapeutic hypothermia. (medsci.org)
  • P and NP rats also show distinct differences with regard to brain DA transmission. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Establishing a large rodent model of brain metastasis that can be monitored using clinically relevant magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques is challenging. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using the brain seeking MDA-MB-231BR transfected with luciferase gene, a metastatic breast cancer brain tumor model was investigated in the nude rat. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Micro-metastatic tumors were detected in the brain on T2-weighted MRI as early as 2 weeks post-injection in greater than 85% of rats. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Brain metastases were clearly visible on T2 weighted MRI by 3-4 weeks post infusion of 231BRL cells, however BLI did not demonstrate photon flux activity originating from the brain in all animals due to scattering of the photons from tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A model of metastatic breast cancer in the nude rat was successfully developed and evaluated using multimodal imaging including MRI and BLI providing the ability to study the temporal and spatial distribution of metastases in the brain and skeleton. (biomedcentral.com)
  • One of the most important bottlenecks for finding more effective drugs for brain disorders is the development of model systems that translate to human pathology and are predictive of clinical efficacy. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
  • Traumatic brain injury in rats produced significant deteriotation of cognition and motor functions. (researchsquare.com)
  • This present study was designed to elucidate this protective activity in a rat model with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN and to explore the possible underlying mechanism. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In our earlier investigation, the therapeutic effects of four kinds of TCM on streptozotocin (STZ) induced DN rats were observed and WSJPR has shown significant effect on decreasing proteinuria. (biomedcentral.com)
  • And the most commonly sold bushmeat animals include grasscutter rats, bats, monkeys or other primates for example, and herbivores such as antelope, etcetera. (cdc.gov)
  • Vascular complications are responsible for the excess mortality associated with diabetes ( 1 ), and impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation has been described in humans and in animal models of the disease ( 2 - 6 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic element that can negatively affect both humans and animals. (frontiersin.org)
  • In addition, bioaccumulation of Cd in animals and humans has been reported, along the food chain, resulting in detrimental health effects ( 2 ) and perpetuating a persistent cycle of pollution. (frontiersin.org)
  • The pig, (Sus scrofa) , is an important model organism for health research due to parallels with humans. (mcw.edu)
  • Cholecystokinin B (CCK B ) agonists increase "anxiety" in laboratory animals and induce "panic" in humans. (jneurosci.org)
  • models to predict the kinetics in humans. (cdc.gov)
  • The face validity of the model and its use to experimentally simulate generalized anxiety disorder in humans are also discussed. (bvsalud.org)
  • For this reason, the infect humans, this virus can infect cordance between humans and ex- question about tumour site concor- several other species - including perimental animals. (who.int)
  • For other human tumour virus- primate species are related to the hu- tween data in humans and in experi- es, the use of humanized severe man tumour viruses, the incidence of mental animals is not obvious. (who.int)
  • that is histopathological y very simi- T cel s, B cel s, natural kil er cel s, LMP1 of EBV can transform ro- lar to that caused by hepatitis B vi- macrophages, and dendritic cells, dent fibroblasts and is expressed rus (HBV) in humans, but it does so and this humanized mouse model in most of the human cancers as- through a different mechanism. (who.int)
  • We proposed to use the classical embryonic stem cell-based gene-targeting technology to generate rat models mimicking human heart failure, diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. (ca.gov)
  • Using this technology, we will develop immunodeficient rats and rat models for heart failure, diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. (ca.gov)
  • Using the small animal model embryonic stem cell-based gene-targeting technology that we developed, we will create small animal models for heart failure, diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. (ca.gov)
  • To address this bottleneck PhenoRat will focus on the generation, characterisation and validation of transgenic rat models of two neurodegenerative diseases: Huntington disease (HD) and spinocerebellar ataxia type 17 (SCA17). (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
  • This information, along with data on ZDV efficacy in preventing perinatal transmission (3) and evidence that PEP prevented or ameliorated retroviral infection in some studies in animals (4), prompted a Public Health Service (PHS) interagency working group *, with expert consultation (5), in June 1996 to issue provisional recommendations for PEP for HCWs after occupational HIV exposure (6). (cdc.gov)
  • But the risk of spillover is much less, because leisure hunting is much less frequent and is mostly seasonal and is not equivalent to bushmeat hunting, which usually happens on a day-to- day basis where you have a constant exposure to wildlife and to the body fluids when butchering these animal carcasses for the preparation of bushmeat. (cdc.gov)
  • In conclusion, RYGB results in a better long-term outcome than OAGB, as chronic signs of biliary reflux or reactional gastritis were reported post-OAGB even after reducing the BPL length in a preclinical rat model. (nature.com)
  • In the spared nerve injury model, in which functional reinnervation is not possible and the futile regeneration process results in formation of a neuroma, microsympathectomy reduced neuroma formation and GAP43 expression. (iasp-pain.org)
  • Our results illustrate that administration of R. damascene extract has a protective effect against the oxidative damage induced by AlCl 3 intoxication in Alzheimer's model. (scienceopen.com)
  • Results demonstrated the utility of multimodality imaging in identifying unexpected sights of metastasis and monitoring the progression of disease in the nude rat. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The results showed that the animal model of chronic fluorosis was successfully established in the study. (fluoridealert.org)
  • Similar results were found in primary rat Müller cells under high glucose culture in vitro. (molvis.org)
  • This, taken together with our human results, indicate that the McGill rat model in fact models the underlying wild-type neuronal population-specific vulnerability to Aβ42 accumulation. (lu.se)
  • To determine the correlation between maternal bile acid (BA) level and fetal pulmonary surfactant in rats and study the effects of BA on fetal lung in rat model of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. (hindawi.com)
  • Levels of total bile acid (TBA), ALT, AST, TBIL, DBIL, and SP-A were determined and the lungs of fetal rats were analyzed for pathological changes. (hindawi.com)
  • This study compared the long-term consequences of two common forms of bariatric surgery: one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) and Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) in a preclinical rat model. (nature.com)
  • Exactly how behavioral inhibition and impulsivity are shaped by the environment, both early in life and throughout development, can be studied in preclinical models that allow precise control over the environment. (frontiersin.org)
  • We developed a new rodent model for the preclinical evaluation of dental implant materials with a special focus on the early biofilm colonization including human -derived oral bacteria . (bvsalud.org)
  • Therefore, the current study sought to develop a rodent model of adolescent cannabinoid self-administration (SA), using the synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN55,212-2 (WIN), in order to assess measures of relapse/reinstatement of drug seeking and long-term effects on cognitive function assessed in a delay-match-to-sample working memory task and a spatial recognition task. (nature.com)
  • In the thoracic aorta of OLETF rats, endothelium-dependent relaxation was markedly attenuated compared with that of control (LETO) rats in association with a significant increase in superoxide production (2,421.39 ± 407.01 nmol · min −1 · mg −1 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Group 1 (control) were given clean drinking water and rat chow, group 2 were given intra-muscular (IM) quinine injection 10mg/kg body weight + water + rat chow. (researchgate.net)
  • The classical three-point bending and impact tests were carried out for three rat bone groups: control (SHO), the humerus of animals under the conditions of established osteopenia (OVX), and bones of rats receiving nesfatin-1 after ovariectomy (NES). (mdpi.com)
  • The study included 51 fat sand rats in five groups, of which one group acted as the control. (ku.dk)
  • The levels of methionine and homocysteine were elevated approximately two- and three-fold, respectively, in ZDF rats, while there were no changes observed in the normal control rats. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Animals from control group showed a higher mean body weight. (uevora.pt)
  • Animal models for human tumour mental animals is not easy to answer does induce adult T-cell leukaemia/ viruses that make use of animal virus- for these agents, because cancer bi- lymphoma (ATLL), albeit in monkeys es are scarce. (who.int)
  • Adolescent male rats readily self-administered WIN in 2-h or 6-h sessions/day, but did not demonstrate an escalation of intake with 6-h access. (nature.com)
  • We therefore set out to examine the effect of a complex environment during adolescence -whether primed by early life adversity or not- on behavioral inhibition and impulsivity in male rats. (frontiersin.org)
  • This research aimed to make a contribution to characterize the rat model of colorectal cancer. (uevora.pt)
  • Histological analysis of animals' organs will provide a better perception of the colorectal cancer induction. (uevora.pt)
  • Rats have to learn to inhibit responding until a next visual stimulus is presented. (frontiersin.org)
  • Although not scientifically proven, it is generally believed that providing environmental enrichment might inhibit the development of diabetes in the fat sand rats, mainly due to raised activity levels. (ku.dk)
  • 1987. A long-range transport model for ammonia and ammonium for Europe. (cdc.gov)
  • Yan XB, Hou HL, Wu LM, Liu J, Zhou JN (2007) Lithium regulates hippocampal neurogenesis by ERK pathway and facilitates recovery of spatial learning and memory in rats after transient global cerebral ischemia. (springer.com)
  • In the cortices of the rat brains with chronic fluorosis, as compared to controls, the percentage of apoptotic neurons was significantly increased, with a dose-dependent tendency between the rate of apoptosis and the F contents in drinking water. (fluoridealert.org)
  • 2017). Therapeutic effects of the mitochondrial ROS-redox modulator KH176 in a mammalian model of Leigh Disease. (noldus.com)
  • Animals models for studying diabetes mellitus. (civilica.com)
  • As adults, dopamine-depleted rats exhibit aberrations in mothering. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Individuals affected by autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) exhibit affective symptoms such as enhanced anxiety, which has been seen in rodent models of ASDs as well. (ncbs.res.in)
  • Other studies show that sympathetic blockade may relieve pain in some pain models and clinical conditions. (iasp-pain.org)
  • As stem cell-based therapies move towards clinical application, it is clear that more relevant animal models are required to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of stem cells for specific human diseases. (ca.gov)
  • Before human stem cells can be used in clinical trials, however, their safety and efficacy need to be tested in animal models. (ca.gov)
  • Select samples of interest, define one or more genomic regions and, if desired, set parameters for the type(s) of desired variants and the tool will return all of the SNVs which match the input criteria, including information on read depth, zygosity and conservation score for rat variants, or clinical significance and associated phenotypes/diseases for human variants. (mcw.edu)
  • Therefore we are using the Ndufs4 knockout (Ndufs4-/-) mouse model which is a model for Leigh Syndrome and develops, similarly to the clinical situation, a fatal progressive neurodegenerative disease phenotype. (noldus.com)
  • While less commonly used for research than laboratory mice, rats have served as an important animal model for research in psychology and biomedical science. (wikipedia.org)
  • Over the next 30 years, rats were used for several more experiments and eventually the laboratory rat became the first animal domesticated for purely scientific reasons. (wikipedia.org)
  • As there is evidence that the hooded rat was known as the "Japanese rat" in the early 20th century, Kuramoto concluded that one or more Japanese hooded rats might have been brought to Europe or the Americas and an albino rat that emerged as a product of the breeding of these hooded rats was the common ancestor of all the albino laboratory rats in use today. (wikipedia.org)
  • Laboratory rats not sacrificed may be euthanized or, in some cases, become pets. (wikipedia.org)
  • In October 2003, researchers succeeded in cloning two laboratory rats by nuclear transfer. (wikipedia.org)
  • This study was designed to examine the constrictive potential of C-Phycocyanin (C-PC) in regulating changes imposed on gene expression in the selenite-induced cataract model. (molvis.org)
  • The embryonic stem cell-based gene-targeting technology was used for the generation of these rat models. (ca.gov)
  • Next, we produced rats from these gene-targeted embryonic stem cells. (ca.gov)
  • Last but not least these read-outs will be validated in a gene therapy study with SCA17 rats using Antisense Oligonucleotides (AONs) against the PolyQ stretch of TBP. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
  • This was the first in a series of developments that have begun to make rats tractable as genetic research subjects, although they still lag behind mice, which lend themselves better to the embryonic stem cell techniques typically used for genetic manipulation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Rats have long been used as models that better replicate human physiology and pathophysiology than do mice and are the preferred model for the study of many human diseases. (ca.gov)
  • Therapeutic effects of KH176 on gait were evaluated in the Ndufs4-/- mice model 4 . (noldus.com)
  • Computational study of experience - dependent plasticity in adult rat cortical barrel -column. (nih.gov)
  • The purpose of the current study is to investigate the effect of aquatic Rosa damascena extract against the oxidative damage induced by aluminum chloride intoxication in Alzheimer's model of Wister rats. (scienceopen.com)
  • The present study investigated the differences in the outcomes between L-citrulline monotherapy and combination therapy with spironolactone as initial treatments for test animals with deoxycorticosterone acetate saltinduced hypertension. (ijpsonline.com)
  • The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of chronic fluorosis on apoptosis and the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 in the cerebral cortices of rats in an attempt to elucidate molecular mechanisms. (fluoridealert.org)
  • This study compared the development of T2D in fat sand rats housed in standard housing conditions and sand rats housed in various enriched environments. (ku.dk)
  • This study aimed to investigate the protective mechanism of a GLP-1R agonist E4 against early DR in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats. (molvis.org)
  • The present study further analyzed behavioral correlates of two novel breeding lines of rats, Carioca high-and low-conditioned freezing (CHF and CLF), based on defensive freezing responses to contextual cues previously associated with electric footshock. (bvsalud.org)
  • Such differences in emotionality responses in the 10th generation of selected rats further indicate a possible use of this model to study correlations between trait anxiety and defensive reactions. (bvsalud.org)
  • Moreover, The use of animals as surrogate rine host, can provide a platform for animal models for tumour viruses in hosts for the study of human tu- in vivo infection. (who.int)
  • Use of rats to model human disease, however, has been limited until recently by the difficulty in modifying rat genes to mimic human conditions. (ca.gov)
  • OLGA, the Object List Generator & Analyzer tool, is a straightforward list builder for genes from any of RGD's species, for rat, human and mouse QTLs, or for rat strains, using any of a variety of querying options. (mcw.edu)
  • At the end of 8 weeks, all rats were sacrificed to obtain the kidney tissues for histological examination and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to analyze the transcriptional levels of nephrin and podocin genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There were even significant variations in the incidences of adrenal medulla tumors among rats from the same source raised in different laboratories. (wikipedia.org)
  • Previously we used more traditional readouts, such as rotarod and grip strength, to characterize this animal model. (noldus.com)
  • Injured rats were treated with different doses of vinpocetine for four weeks. (researchsquare.com)
  • The speed with which rats learn these tasks suggests that they may lend themselves to a variety of behavioural investigations, including pharmacological work and studies of cerebral function. (scienceopen.com)
  • Li PP, Young LT, Tam YK, Sibony D, Warsh JJ (1993) Effects of chronic lithium and carbamazepine treatment on G-protein subunit expression in rat cerebral cortex. (springer.com)
  • Genetic analysis of 117 albino rat strains collected from all parts of the world carried out by a team led by Takashi Kuramoto at Kyoto University in 2012 showed that the albinos descended from hooded rats and all the albinos descended from a single ancestor. (wikipedia.org)
  • Scientists have bred many strains or "lines" of rats specifically for experimentation. (wikipedia.org)
  • In histological measurement, WSJPR-treated rats showed a significant amelioration in glomerular hypertrophy and mesangial expansion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Rockenstein E, Torrance M, Adame A, Mante M et al (2007) Neuroprotective effects of regulators of the glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta signaling pathway in a transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease are associated with reduced amyloid precursor protein phosphorylation. (springer.com)
  • Transgenic mouse models pro- fection. (who.int)
  • The rat is widely accepted as more similar to the human in its physiology and therefore superior to the mouse, especially for metabolic, cardiac and neurological studies. (ca.gov)
  • This portal contains data related to additional species used as models in disease, physiology and phenotypes. (mcw.edu)
  • EA caused a significant increase in the MLC dephosphorylation and MLCK phosphorylation levels in the group compared to the sham EA and model groups. (hindawi.com)
  • Although there were no significant differences in colon's weight, induced animals had shorter colon. (uevora.pt)
  • Rats were divided randomly into seven groups ( n = 10). (scienceopen.com)
  • After healing of the bone and soft tissue , the animals were assigned to two groups. (bvsalud.org)
  • Localized sympathectomy reduces peripheral nerve regeneration and pain behaviors in 2 rat neuropathic pain models. (iasp-pain.org)
  • Recent years have seen growing interest in the development of genetic animal models to investigate the bidirectional relationship between trait anxiety and defensive reactions. (bvsalud.org)
  • We also tested whether these effects were affected by an adverse early life challenge, maternal deprivation (MD). We found that animals that were raised in large, two floor Marlau TM cages, together with 10 conspecifics, showed improved attention, but impaired behavioral inhibition in the 5-choice serial reaction time task. (frontiersin.org)
  • The expression of Bax and Bcl-2, at both the protein and mRNA levels, was clearly elevated in the rat brains with chronic fluorosis. (fluoridealert.org)
  • First, we introduced targeted genetic mutations into rat embryonic stem cells. (ca.gov)
  • Klarik Z, Tamas R, Toth E, Kiss F, Kovacs EL, Jäckel M, Furka I, Nemeth N. Intra and postoperative evaluations of microcirculation and micro-rheological parameters in a rat model of musculocutaneous flap ischemia-reperfusion. (scielo.br)
  • 1. Homogenates of rat liver, spleen, heart and kidney form lipid peroxides when incubated in vitro and actively catalyse peroxide formation in emulsions of linoleic acid or linolenic acid. (scienceopen.com)