• Because of the specificity of its uptake by the human body, radioactive isotopes of iodine can also be used to treat thyroid cancer . (wikipedia.org)
  • Radionuclides, such as Lutetium-177 or Iodine-131 are radioactive isotopes that emit radiation that kill cancer cells. (cis-pharma.com)
  • Radioactive isotopes that were ingested or taken in through other pathways will gradually be removed from the body via bowels, kidneys, respiration and perspiration. (radiation-dosimetry.org)
  • Many organs can be imaged with a variety of nuclear isotopes replacing a stable element by a radioactive isotope. (uiowa.edu)
  • A radionuclide (sometimes called a radioisotope or isotope) is a chemical which emits a type of radioactivity called gamma rays. (patient.info)
  • Radioiodine plays a major role as a radioactive isotope present in nuclear fission products , and it is a major contributor to the health hazards when released into the atmosphere during an accident. (radiation-dosimetry.org)
  • Thyroid scans and uptake tests use special chemicals called radionuclides. (patient.info)
  • The "dirty" aspect of a nuclear weapon detonation creates persistent problems in the food chain because plants and animals, upon which our food supply depends, take up radionuclides (the radioactive byproducts of the explosion). (food-safety.com)
  • Radionuclides used for molecular imaging are radioactive materials that are either used on their own or more commonly tagged with a drug or peptide molecule in small quantities to image bones, organs and other parts of the body. (qtinstruments.com)
  • On the other hand, radionuclides with very short radioactive half-lives have also very short effective half-lives. (radiation-dosimetry.org)
  • The goal of radioactive iodine therapy (123I or 131I) is to destroy the overactive thyroid cells. (slideshare.net)
  • radioactive i. the i. radioisotopes 131I, 125I, or 123I used as tracers in biology and medicine. (theodora.com)
  • This loss of subatomic particles, such as beta particles (electrons), is called radioactive decay and there is a predictable time in which half of the unstable nucleuses will decay. (nrc.gov)
  • However, iodine-131 has a relatively short half-live and will decay within a few weeks. (food-safety.com)
  • When a radioactive compound enters the body, the activity will decrease with time, due both to radioactive decay and to biological clearance . (radiation-dosimetry.org)
  • This means that a radioactive substance can be expelled before it has had the chance to decay. (radiation-dosimetry.org)
  • Iodine radioisotopes are produced by fission of uranium fuel in a nuclear reactor. (myscience.uk)
  • 2002. The accidental sinking of the nuclear submarine, the Kursk: monitoring of radioactivity and the preliminary assessment of the potential impact of radioactive releases. (cdc.gov)
  • Since March 11 this year, a different kind of toxin has been making its way through the veins of common food sources after Tokyo Electric Power Company ( TEPCO ) completed a planned dumping of radioactive water into the Pacific Ocean at the site of Fukushima Daiichi nuclear-power plant. (chinadialogue.net)
  • The international distribution of radioisotopes by the United States after World War II is one of the most prominent examples of nuclear diplomacy of radioactive materials (Creager 2009, 2013). (hpdst.gr)
  • Second, nuclear radiation depends on the nuclide and not on the chemical compound it is in, so that a radioactive nuclide can be put into a compound designed for specific purposes. (uiowa.edu)
  • It is entirely different from radioactive iodine therapy (RAI therapy), which uses much higher doses to destroy cancerous cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thyroid scans and uptake tests use small doses of radioactive chemicals to create pictures of your thyroid gland. (patient.info)
  • For internal doses, we first should distinguish between intake and uptake. (radiation-dosimetry.org)
  • The combination of the long circulating half-life of the radiolabeled mAb and the radiosensitivity of the bone marrow limits the radioactive doses of labeled antibodies that can be administered safely ( 6 , 7 ). (snmjournals.org)
  • The radioisotope 131 I emits both gamma and beta radiation. (acpinternist.org)
  • Gamma radiation can be detected by the camera to determine radioactive iodine uptake and create an image of the thyroid gland during thyroid scintigraphy, whereas beta radiation yields the therapeutic effect by triggering thyroid follicular cell death. (acpinternist.org)
  • This web page provides patients and their families with information to help them understand radiation safety best practices that relate to medical treatment with radioactive drugs. (nrc.gov)
  • The NRC staff developed a printable brochure to inform patients about radiation safety precautions that they need to follow before, during, and after treatment with radioactive drugs. (nrc.gov)
  • This video may serve as an educational tool providing radiation safety guidance and precautions patients can follow before, during and after treatment with radioactive drugs. (nrc.gov)
  • The NRC staff developed the following information on radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment procedures so that patients will understand the reason for the procedures, the process, and how to reduce radiation exposure to others. (nrc.gov)
  • An unstable nucleus that spontaneously losses subatomic particles from its nucleus and emits energy in the form of radiation is considered radioactive. (nrc.gov)
  • The beta radiation is the primary concern when there is an oral uptake of I-131 indirectly from contaminated surfaces or directly by transfer from the patient. (nrc.gov)
  • Radioactive contamination consist of radioactive material, that generate ionizing radiation. (radiation-dosimetry.org)
  • The most active thyroid cells, including cancerous cells, concentrate the most iodine and, therefore, emit the most radiation. (uiowa.edu)
  • The patient swallows a radioisotope of iodine in the form of capsule or fluid, and the absorption (uptake) of this radiotracer by the thyroid is studied after 4-6 hours and after 24 hours with the aid of a scintillation counter. (wikipedia.org)
  • With the help of X-ray absorption spectroscopy, we now know that seaweeds accumulate iodine as iodide (I-), which acts as an antioxidant to protect them against oxidative damage caused by atmospheric ozone (O 3 ). (scienceinschool.org)
  • Sea Vegetables - According to a 1964 McGill University study published in the "Canadian Medical Association Journal," sodium alginate from kelp reduced radioactive strontium absorption in the intestines by 50 to 80 percent. (radiationdangers.com)
  • The reduction of radioactive particles in bone uptake, measured in the femur, reached as high as 80 percent, with little interference with calcium absorption. (radiationdangers.com)
  • The evaluation of biological activity of different marine algae is important because of their practical significance in preventing absorption of radioactive products of atomic fission as well as in their use as possible natural decontaminators. (radiationdangers.com)
  • In a thyroid scan you will either swallow a dose of the radioactive iodine or have an injection of the chemical into a vein. (patient.info)
  • During a bone scan, a radioactive substance called a tracer is injected into a vein in your arm. (healthlinkbc.ca)
  • Just before the scan begins, you will probably be asked to empty your bladder to prevent any radioactive urine from blocking the view of your pelvic bones during the scan. (healthlinkbc.ca)
  • This radioactive iodine is used in the form of sodium iodide and because of the extremely small amounts used for imaging or destroying cells, RAI is safe to use in individuals who have had allergic reactions to seafood or X-ray contrast agents. (nrc.gov)
  • In contrast, radioactive caesium which can also be detected early on, is longer-lived (Cs-134 has a half life of about 2 years and Cs-137 has a half life of about 30 years) and can remain in the environment for a long-time. (food-safety.com)
  • In contrast, the tumor uptake and retention of the 125 I-labeled d -a.a. peptide) were similar to that of the 111 In-labeled l -a.a. peptide but were superior at later time points. (snmjournals.org)
  • 1. Relating to, or caused by, iodine or an iodide. (theodora.com)
  • Iodine, ingested in food and water as iodide, is actively concentrated by the thyroid and converted to organic iodine (organification) within follicular cells by thyroid peroxidase. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Iodine in the atmosphere originates mostly from biological and chemical processes in the ocean - such as the iodide antioxidant system in seaweeds. (scienceinschool.org)
  • In the ocean, iodine is mainly dissolved and exists as iodate (IO 3 - , oxidised form) and iodide (I - , reduced form). (scienceinschool.org)
  • Weight of thyroid is inversely proportional to iodine intake. (prepladder.com)
  • This goes some way to explaining why trace amounts of molecular iodine (I 2 ) can be detected in the atmosphere of coastal regions and why human iodine intake in these regions is dependent on seaweed abundance rather than proximity to the sea. (scienceinschool.org)
  • The recommended dietary intake of iodine for adults is 150 µg/day, which can be obtained from dairy products, seaweed and iodised table salt. (scienceinschool.org)
  • The intake of radioactive material can occur through various pathways such as ingestion of radioactive contamination in food or liquids. (radiation-dosimetry.org)
  • The number of neutrons in the nucleus may vary and provide a number of different iodine atoms that chemically act the same but have different physical properties. (nrc.gov)
  • TG is a highly glycosylated homodimer stored in the colloid of the thyroid and is the precursor of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T 3 ) and tetraiodothyronine (T 4 ), possessing 3 and 4 iodine atoms, respectively. (solvobiotech.com)
  • Inside the thyroid follicles, I - is oxidized by thyroid peroxidase (TPO), and elementary iodine becomes incorporated into thyroglobulin (TG) by spontaneously reacting with its tyrosyl residues. (solvobiotech.com)
  • The lead candidate of the anti CD 171 platform shows high uptake in tumor tissue whereas background in non-targeted tissues is low as expected. (cis-pharma.com)
  • To improve the residence time of the iodine label in the tumor, a new bivalent peptide was synthesized that is peptidase resistant and consists of 4 d -amino acids ( d -a.a. peptide). (snmjournals.org)
  • The uptake and retention in the tumor of 111 In-/ 125 I-labeled bivalent peptides ( l -a.a. peptide and d -a.a. peptide) were studied in female BALB/c athymic mice with subcutaneous SK-RC-52 RCC tumors. (snmjournals.org)
  • The maximum uptake and retention of 125 I-labeled l -a.a. peptide in the tumor were significantly lower compared with that of the 111 In-labeled l -a.a. peptide. (snmjournals.org)
  • Uptake and retention in the tumor of the iodinated peptide after pretargeting with a bs-mAb can be significantly improved using d -a.a. peptides. (snmjournals.org)
  • Canadian researchers reported that sea vegetables contained a polysaccharide substance that selectively bound radioactive strontium and helped eliminate it from the body. (radiationdangers.com)
  • Single photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) is a test that uses a special type of camera and a tracer (a radioactive substance in liquid form) to look at organs or bones in the body. (healthplan.org)
  • The radioactive tracer used in this test can get into your breast milk and is not good for the baby. (healthlinkbc.ca)
  • That's the case even with the low-level radioactive tracer used for this test. (healthlinkbc.ca)
  • Current sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) techniques, including use of radioisotopes, have disadvantages including the use of a radioactive tracer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Despite these guidelines, sentinel lymph node biopsy is not well established or frequently used in clinical practice due to technical difficulties and the tracer commonly used being radioactive. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The Atomic Energy Commission recommends for maximum protection against radioactive poisoning for humans, taking a minimum of 2 to 3 ounces of sea vegetables a week or 10 grams (two tablespoons) a day of sodium alginate supplements. (radiationdangers.com)
  • In hot nodules- there is increased uptake in one nodule as compared to surrounding thyroid tissue. (prepladder.com)
  • Iodine-131 Radiotherapy for Benign Thyroid Disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • A radioisotope of iodine with a 159 keV gamma emission and a physical half-life of 13.2 h, used for studies of thyroid disease and of renal function. (theodora.com)
  • process of recording the emission of radioactive waves using a gamma camera after an intravenous injection of a radionuclide material into the particular part of the body being studied. (hstreasures.com)
  • To achieve the cytotoxic effect necessary to destroy tumour cells, radioactive dose administered is higher compared to diagnostic imaging. (qtinstruments.com)
  • One common diagnostic employs iodine to image the thyroid, since iodine is concentrated in that organ. (uiowa.edu)
  • 1996. Burning radionuclide question: What happens to iodine, cesium and chlorine in biomass fires? (cdc.gov)
  • Many iodine-containing compounds are frequently used as reagents in organic synthesis - mainly for iodination, oxidation and C - C bond formation. (scienceinschool.org)
  • The correct answer is D. Radioactive iodine ( 131 I) therapy. (acpinternist.org)
  • The most appropriate management is radioactive iodine ( 131 I) therapy. (acpinternist.org)
  • First-line treatment options include radioactive iodine therapy or surgery. (acpinternist.org)
  • First-line therapy for toxic adenoma is radioactive iodine ( 131 I) therapy or surgery. (acpinternist.org)
  • Radioactive iodine therapy (RAI), which has been a common adjuvant therapy for the management of PTC, typically following surgery, has been a target of debate due to side effects such as sialadenitis, taste loss, and, most critically, SPM. (hindawi.com)
  • Radioactive Iodine Therapy. (slideshare.net)
  • A Mobile Radioisotope Training Laboratory (Mobile Lab), dispatched by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) of the United Nations to further training in the peaceful uses of radioisotopes for its member countries, arrived in Taiwan, on September 26, 1960, during its world round training trip through Austria, Greece, Yugoslavia, Western Germany and Korea. (hpdst.gr)
  • Radioactive iodine is of concern because it is highly mobile in the environment and selective uptake by the thyroid gland can pose a significant cancer risk following long term exposure. (myscience.uk)
  • Of immediate concern is iodine-131, it is distributed over a wide area, found in water and on crops and is rapidly transferred from contaminated feed into milk. (food-safety.com)
  • Uptake of caesium into food is also of long term concern. (food-safety.com)
  • Other radioisotopes that could be of long-term concern if released, are strontium and plutonium. (food-safety.com)
  • The NRC staff developed a video, ' Staying Safe While Getting Better, Protecting Yourself and Your Loved Ones While Taking Radioactive Drugs, ' to provide best practices for patients to keep exposure to others as low as is reasonably achievable. (nrc.gov)
  • Gay-Lussac went on to investigate the chemistry of iodine, and despite the war, the French chemists found ways to correspond with British chemists, notably Sir Humphry Davy. (scienceinschool.org)
  • The normal uptake is between 15 and 25 percent, but this may be forced down if, in the meantime, the patient has eaten foods high in iodine, such as dairy products and seafood. (wikipedia.org)
  • It includes information and links to medical and patient advocacy references about Iodine-131 (I-131) treatments. (nrc.gov)
  • In cold nodules- there is decreased uptake as compared to surrounding thyroid tissue. (prepladder.com)
  • Today, however, it is removed from natural iodine-containing brines in gas and oil fields in Japan and the USA, or from Chilean caliches (nitrate ores), which contain calcium iodate (Ca(IO 3 ) 2 ). (scienceinschool.org)
  • Kumasaka S, Arisaka Y, Tokue A, Higuchi T, Nakajima T, Tsushima Y: A case of multiple hepatic angiomyolipomas with high(18) F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake. (rad-medical.net)
  • In previous studies we have shown that with this strategy relatively high uptake of the 111 In label in various RCC mouse models can be achieved (maximum uptake from 54.1 to 287 %ID/g) (%ID/g is percentage injected dose per gram) ( 11 ). (snmjournals.org)
  • In these cases, radioactive I-131 can be used to replace stable iodine and kill both the normal and abnormal thyroid cells regardless of where they are located. (nrc.gov)
  • Radioactive caesium is also relatively rapidly transferred from feed to milk. (food-safety.com)
  • Spinach and other green leafy vegetables, milk and water have been found to have iodine-131 . (chinadialogue.net)
  • Did you know, for example, that iodine protects marine algae from oxidative damage (for example from the Sun), prevents some congenital abnormalities in humans, and has many industrial applications? (scienceinschool.org)
  • For example, tritium has the biological half-life about 10 days, while the radioactive half-life is about 12 years. (radiation-dosimetry.org)
  • Iodine belongs to the halogens, and thus shares many of the typical characteristics of the elements in this group. (scienceinschool.org)
  • Depending on the part of the body that is targeted, different radioactive material is used to acquire the images. (qtinstruments.com)
  • Iodine, with its characteristic purple vapours, has myriad applications - from the familiar disinfectant to innovative solar cells. (scienceinschool.org)
  • Use of radioactive iodine is the most common treatment in elderly patients. (slideshare.net)
  • Gum arabic-coated radioactive gold nanoparticles (GA- 198 AuNPs) offer several advantages over traditional brachytherapy in the treatment of prostate cancer, including homogenous dose distribution and higher dose-rate irradiation. (bioemas.com.my)