Radioactive decay helium. Medical search. Frequent questions

On the Earth, most helium is a radioactive decay product of uranium and thorium. (acs.org)
It is created deep in the earth from the radioactive decay of uranium and thorium (which also gives the earth its internal heat), and is "mined" from natural gas and oil wells (it comes up with the natural gas and is separated and stored). (theodoregray.com)
Radioactive decay of the f block elements uranium and thorium releases 4 He, which becomes trapped in the Earth's crust with natural gas. (chemistryworld.com)
Helium is produced by the radioactive decay of primordial uranium and thorium. (stackexchange.com)
Lead is created in the Earth via decay of actinide elements , primarily uranium and thorium . (detailedpedia.com)
Uranium and thorium decay to other elements such as radium (a solid), which in turn decays into radon (a gas). (cdc.gov)

Better yet, every-last-loving-one of those atoms, except perhaps the hydrogen, deuterium, and helium, were made in the core of another sun. (lesker.com)
In their gaseous or vapor form, some elements are composed of single, separate atoms (e.g., helium, neon, argon, mercury) and others are two or more atoms combined in an elemental molecule (e.g., oxygen, ozone, nitrogen). (lesker.com)
This is due to the fusion reaction that powers most stars fusing single hydrogen atoms to create helium atoms. (universetoday.com)
A few years later, scientists were able to isolate helium in a laboratory by chemically treating igneous rocks, separating the noble gases from the atoms they were bound together with. (forbes.com)
Man-made radioactive atoms are produced either as a by-product of fission of uranium atoms in a nuclear reactor or by bombarding stable atoms with particles, such as neutrons, directed at the stable atoms with high velocity. (cdc.gov)
whereas fusion is the process favored by Mother Nature to light up stars in space, that merges the lightest atoms in the periodic table (Hydrogen) and turn them into Helium, releasing far more energy than fission and producing only a small amount of small-lived radioactive waste. (dailygrail.com)
Radioactive decay is a stochastic (i.e., random) process at the level of single atoms. (knowpia.com)
The half-life is the time it takes for half of the atoms of a radionuclide (radioactive element) to undergo radioactive decay and change it into a different element, some of which are radioactive and some are stable. (cdc.gov)

The most common isotope of helium in the universe is helium-4, the vast majority of which was formed during the Big Bang. (wikipedia.org)
Subsequent extraction and combustion of these fossil fuel reserves releases this helium isotope but historically, efforts to measure changes in the concentration of atmospheric helium have proven challenging owing to the low natural abundance of this gas. (chemistryworld.com)
Using mass spectrometry, a team surrounding Benjamin Birner and Ralph Keeling at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in the US has been able to accurately quantify atmospheric helium for the first time by comparing levels of the 4 He isotope with nitrogen. (chemistryworld.com)
As nitrogen levels in the atmosphere remain constant, any change in the 4 He/N 2 ratio corresponds to a change in helium isotope levels. (chemistryworld.com)
Carbon has two stable isotopes , 12 C and 13 C, and one radioactive isotope, 14 C . (detailedpedia.com)
The Earth's helium supply comes from isotope decay in the crust, over millions of years. (theregister.com)

He concluded that helium that was earlier believed to exist only on the surface of sun was produced during the radioactive decay of radium along with argon. (thefamouspeople.com)
For example, "heli-arc" welding, which uses a stream of inert gas to prevent oxidation of metal as it is being welded, is named after helium even though most heli-arc welding is done with argon because it's cheaper. (theodoregray.com)
With the exception of Carbon-14, radiometric dating is used to date either igneous or metamorphic rocks that contain radioactive elements such as uranium, thorium, argon, etc. (earthage.org)
All these elements impact the moon, but only helium, neon, and argon are volatile enough to be returned back to space. (scitechdaily.com)
The LADEE NMS instrument confirms that the moon's exosphere is made up of mostly helium, argon, and neon. (scitechdaily.com)
Their relative abundance is dependent on the time of day on the moon-argon peaks at sunrise, with neon at 4 a.m. and helium at 1 a.m. (scitechdaily.com)
Argon-40 results from the decay of naturally occurring radioactive potassium-40, found in the rocks of all the terrestrial planets as a leftover from their formation. (scitechdaily.com)
The data collected by the NMS addresses the long-standing questions related to the sources and sinks of exospheric helium and argon that have remained unanswered for four decades," said Benna. (scitechdaily.com)
Helium is a very finite resource (as a monatomic gas with an atomic weight of 4 it easily escapes into space, unlike the heavier inert gases such as argon). (theregister.com)

The world leader in stable (non-radioactive) isotopes is xenon (used in photographer's high power flash lamps) with nine. (lesker.com)
Transformation or decay results in the formation of new nuclides some of which may themselves be radionuclides, while others are stable nuclides. (cdc.gov)
A chain of decays takes place until a stable nucleus is reached. (bu.edu)
Uranium is radioactive, which means it is in the process of changing from an unstable element into a stable one. (earthage.org)
This means that if you had some pure uranium-238 with no lead, that 4.5 billion years later, one half of it would have decayed into its stable daughter product (lead-206). (earthage.org)
All stable elements (and the radioactive U and Th) exist everywhere on Earth. (stackexchange.com)

Most terrestrial helium present today is created by the natural radioactive decay of heavy radioactive elements (thorium and uranium, although there are other examples), as the alpha particles emitted by such decays consist of helium-4 nuclei. (wikipedia.org)
About 20 percent of the helium is coming from the moon itself, most likely as the result from the decay of radioactive thorium and uranium, also found in lunar rocks," said Benna. (scitechdaily.com)

Helium only accounts for 0.00052% of the Earth's atmosphere and the majority of the helium harvested comes from beneath the ground being extracted from minerals or tapped gas deposits. (universetoday.com)
In other studies Ramsay conducted during 1903 led to discovery that the inert gas helium which was believed to exist only in the sun's interior also existed in the Earth's interior. (thefamouspeople.com)

A product of nuclear fusion and radioactive decay, it is the lightest noble gas, colorless, odorless, and inert with a low boiling point. (acs.org)
The lightest inert gas found in nature: helium. (forbes.com)
Helium along with another inert gas radon, were the by-products formed continuously during the radioactive decay of radium. (thefamouspeople.com)
When uranium decays to lead, a by-product of this process is … helium, a very light, inert gas, which readily escapes from rock. (earthage.org)

Helium has two protons but comes in two isotopic forms, with one neutron or two. (lesker.com)
But eight neutrons is too much of a good thing and carbon 14 (so called because protons + neutrons = 14) is radioactive and the nucleus breaks down to form another element. (lesker.com)
Alpha decay, which the emission of a helium-4 nucleus containing two protons and two neutrons. (ieer.org)
Conservation of nucleon number means that the total number of nucleons (neutrons + protons) must be the same before and after a decay. (bu.edu)
Except for gamma decay or internal conversion from a nuclear excited state , the decay is a nuclear transmutation resulting in a daughter containing a different number of protons or neutrons (or both). (knowpia.com)

As radon undergoes radioactive decay, it gives off radiation and becomes another radioactive element. (cdc.gov)

In 2017, the blockade of Qatar suddenly removed 30% of the world's helium supply from the market, causing prices to temporarily skyrocket. (acs.org)

Italian physicist Enrico Fermi devised a theory in 1933 to explain beta decay, which is the process by which a neutron in a nucleus changes into a proton and expels an electron, often called a beta particle in this context. (livescience.com)
Beta decay, which the emission of an electron or a positron (a particle identical to an electron except that it has a positive electrical charge). (ieer.org)
In their most recent study, the Project 8 team reports in Physical Review Letters that they can use a brand-new technique to reliably track and record a natural occurrence called beta decay. (innovations-report.com)
When we measure a free electron generated by beta decay, and we know the total mass, the "missing" energy is the neutrino mass and motion. (innovations-report.com)
These electrons carry away most-but not all-of the energy released during a beta decay event. (innovations-report.com)
The weak force is the mechanism that is responsible for beta decay, while the other two are governed by the electromagnetism and nuclear force . (knowpia.com)
Subsequently, the radioactive displacement law of Fajans and Soddy was formulated to describe the products of alpha and beta decay . (knowpia.com)

When asked what is exactly being done to the highly radioactive tritium so recovered, the scientists refuse to talk - even under conditions of anonymity. (ccnr.org)
Homing in on the Neutrino Mass ). To estimate the neutrino mass, the collaboration monitored the radioactive decay of tritium into helium-3 nuclei, electrons, and antineutrinos. (aps.org)
Each event emits a tiny amount of energy when a rare radioactive variant of hydrogen-called tritium-decays into the three subatomic particles: a helium ion, an electron, and a neutrino. (innovations-report.com)
This is the first time that tritium beta decays have been measured, and an upper limit placed on the neutrino mass, with the CRES technique. (innovations-report.com)

Ionizing radiation may come from high-energy photons that can be the product of natural decay of radioactive material, such as gamma rays, or the product of artificial bombardment of electrons onto Tungsten, such as x-rays. (medscape.com)
Ionizing radiation is emitted by radioactive elements and by equipment such as x-ray and radiation therapy machines. (msdmanuals.com)

Alpha particles are helium nuclei emitted by various elements, including radium. (medscape.com)

All elements have at least some isotopes that are radioactive. (ieer.org)
The part that scientists didn't understand until about 100 years ago is that certain elements have isotopes that are radioactive. (howstuffworks.com)

Free neutrons are unstable particles which decay naturally into a proton and electron, with a half-life of about 12 minutes. (ieer.org)

Unstable nuclides undergo a process referred to as radioactive transformation in which energy is emitted. (cdc.gov)
At some point in the future the nucleus will undergo radioactive decay. (h2g2.com)

While helium is the second most abundant element in the universe after hydrogen, it is rare on Earth and generated by the decay of heavy radioactive elements such as uranium. (labmanager.com)

He also studied the radioactive decay of radium and made a significant discovery. (thefamouspeople.com)

Accordingly, the U.S. has important economic and national security interests in ensuring a reliable supply of helium. (acs.org)
The strategic reserve was started when the government needed a ready supply of helium to fuel airships in a crisis and was bolstered during the Cold War. (labmanager.com)

Most of the solar wind is hydrogen and helium, but it contains many other elements in small amounts, including neon. (scitechdaily.com)
Both Hydrogen and Helium are lighter than air as Helium is about eighth of air density whereas Hydrogen is about a sixteenth of air density. (mchemistry.com)

Here's an article about the discovery of Helium , and here's an article about composition of the Sun . (universetoday.com)
A recent discovery of helium beneath Tanzania may provide a short-term boost in future helium supply if development challenges can be overcome. (acs.org)
His paper detailing those observations arrived at the French Academy of Sciences on the same day as Janssen's paper, so both men received credit for the discovery of helium. (aps.org)

He defined a new type of force, the so-called weak interaction, that was responsible for decay, and whose fundamental process was transforming a neutron into a proton, an electron and a neutrino," which was later determined to be an anti-neutrino, wrote Giulio Maltese, an Italian physics historian, in " Particles of Man ," an article published in 2013 in the journal Lettera Matematica. (livescience.com)
[1] It should be noted that the emission of gamma rays does not change the mass number or atomic number of the nucleus - that is, unlike radioactive decay by emission of particles, spontaneous fission, or electron capture, it does not cause the transmutation of the nucleus into another element. (ieer.org)

There is a global helium shortage, and every single act of wastefulness such as this not only makes the problem worse, it permanently removes the used helium from the Earth entirely. (forbes.com)
HEVI's management and board are executing a differentiated strategy to become a leading supplier of sustainably-produced helium for the growing global helium market. (investingnews.com)
Forward-looking statements in this document include statements set forth under the heading 'Upcoming Drilling Catalysts and Key Dates', the Company's expectations regarding the Company becoming a leading supplier of sustainably-produced helium, the Company's beliefs regarding growth of the global helium market and other statements that are not historical facts. (investingnews.com)

OTCMKTS:ARGYF ) has announced the completion of its first helium well in its initial three-well program in its 100%-operated Greater Knappen property that extends from Montana to Alberta, Canada-which could be one of the best prospects for securing future helium supplies. (baystreet.ca)

Drill stem tests were also performed to high-grade zones for completions and two of the targeted zones showed economic helium potential. (baystreet.ca)
Our initial analysis has demonstrated that there is potential for economic helium production in two of the three target zones. (baystreet.ca)
The Company has 5.6 million acres of land under permit near proven discoveries of economic helium concentrations which will support scaling the exploration and development efforts across its land base. (investingnews.com)

Radon is a naturally-occurring radioactive gas that changes into other radioactive substances, called progeny. (cdc.gov)

This helium-4 binding energy also accounts for why it is a product of both nuclear fusion and radioactive decay. (wikipedia.org)
Large amounts of new helium are created by nuclear fusion of hydrogen in stars. (wikipedia.org)
In nuclear fusion, radioactive decay converts hydrogen into helium and powers the sun. (livescience.com)
They find evidence that, much as the sun's nuclear fusion reactions provide energy to the surface world, a different kind of nuclear process - radioactive decay - can sustain life deep below the surface. (quantamagazine.org)

Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay , radioactivity , radioactive disintegration , or nuclear disintegration ) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by radiation . (knowpia.com)

Radon (Rn) is a naturally occurring colorless, odorless, tasteless radioactive gas that occurs in differing atomic structure with the same atomic number but different atomic mass, called isotopes. (cdc.gov)

Its abundance is similar to this in both the Sun and Jupiter, because of the very high nuclear binding energy (per nucleon) of helium-4, with respect to the next three elements after helium. (wikipedia.org)
On March 26, 1895, Scottish chemist Sir William Ramsay isolated helium on Earth by treating the mineral cleveite (a variety of uraninite with at least 10% rare-earth elements) with mineral acids. (wikipedia.org)
There could be well over 100 but technetium, promethium, and everything above uranium (number 92) are short-lived radioactive elements that checked out eons ago. (lesker.com)
Liquid helium is unique among all elements in that it can reach ultra-cold temperatures, approaching absolute zero (-273.15°C). Research conducted at these low temperatures has led to discoveries in superconductivity that have led to many applications, including the Maglev high-speed train. (acs.org)
All isotopes of heavy elements with mass numbers greater than 206 and atomic numbers greater than 83 are radioactive. (ieer.org)
Despite being the second most abundant element in the observable universe, helium is relatively rare on Earth, the product of the radioactive decay of elements like uranium. (aps.org)
In some elements, all of the isotopes are radioactive. (howstuffworks.com)
And even though various radioactive elements have been used to 'date' such rocks, for the most part, the methods are the same. (earthage.org)
As one of the rarest yet most valuable and indispensable elements on our planet, the world is quickly coming to grips with one of the biggest supply squeezes of our times as severe helium shortages continue pushing prices up. (baystreet.ca)
There are 28 naturally occurring chemical elements on Earth that are radioactive, consisting of 34 radionuclides (six elements have two different radionuclides) that date before the time of formation of the Solar System . (knowpia.com)
Rutherford was the first to realize that all such elements decay in accordance with the same mathematical exponential formula. (knowpia.com)
The early researchers also discovered that many other chemical elements , besides uranium, have radioactive isotopes. (knowpia.com)
Because the lead isotopes are created by decay of different transuranic elements, the ratios of the four lead isotopes to one another can be very useful in tracking the source of melts in igneous rocks , the source of sediments and even the origin of people via isotopic fingerprinting of their teeth, skin and bones. (detailedpedia.com)
Naturally occurring sources of radiation include radon and other radioactive elements in air, water, soil, or building materials, as well as cosmic radiation from space. (cdc.gov)

6 In addition, if fossils like Sue are truly 66 million years old, then why do so many carbon-containing fossils (all of those measured so far) also contain carbon-14, a radioactive compound that should have completely decayed within 60,000 years of the creatures' death? (icr.org)

At low enough temperatures, helium even becomes a superfluid: an ultra-rare state of matter that exhibits no friction or viscosity. (forbes.com)
The superfluid helium shown here is dripping because there is no friction in the fluid to keep it from creeping up the sides of the container and spilling over, which it does spontaneously. (forbes.com)

This series of transformations is called the decay chain of the radionuclide. (cdc.gov)
The decaying nucleus is called the parent radionuclide (or parent radioisotope [note 1] ), and the process produces at least one daughter nuclide . (knowpia.com)

The second most abundant element in the universe, helium is scarce on Earth. (acs.org)
Yet helium, despite being the second most abundant element in the Universe as a whole, is extremely limited in abundance here on the surface of the Earth. (forbes.com)

Helium was first detected as an unknown, yellow spectral line signature in sunlight during a solar eclipse in 1868 by Georges Rayet, Captain C. T. Haig, Norman R. Pogson, and Lieutenant John Herschel, and was subsequently confirmed by French astronomer Jules Janssen. (wikipedia.org)
Janssen recorded the helium spectral line during the solar eclipse of 1868, while Lockyer observed it from Britain. (wikipedia.org)
In 1881, Italian physicist Luigi Palmieri detected helium on Earth for the first time through its D3 spectral line, when he analyzed a material that had been sublimated during a recent eruption of Mount Vesuvius. (wikipedia.org)
In 1882, the Italian physicist Luigi Palmieri was analyzing lava from Mount Vesuvius when he noticed that same telltale yellow spectral line in his data - the first indication of helium on Earth. (aps.org)

The time between the unstable nucleus being created, and it decaying, appears random (poisson distribution). (h2g2.com)

According to quantum theory , it is impossible to predict when a particular atom will decay, regardless of how long the atom has existed. (knowpia.com)

Uncertainty about how private markets will distribute and price helium is a concern, especially to scientific researchers using small amounts of helium. (acs.org)
Accelerating these particles, particularly if they or the substrate they are coating is a harder, higher performance material, can require large amounts of helium (as the accelerant). (europa.eu)
Scientists have been forced to shut down their superconducting magnets for lack of helium…while refiners have been limited to drawing amounts well below their requirements since 2017. (baystreet.ca)

Whereas Helium is heavier than Hydrogen but still it is lighter than air and balloon filled with helium can fly. (mchemistry.com)

Radon gas comes from decay of radioactive substances that are ubiquitous in the Midwestern soil. (tenants-rights.org)
Radon isotopes are formed naturally through the radioactive decay of uranium or thorium. (cdc.gov)

Terrestrial helium is a non-renewable resource because once released into the atmosphere, it promptly escapes into space. (wikipedia.org)
Due to its unreactive nature, helium provides a protective atmosphere for making fiber optics, semiconductors, and in arc welding. (acs.org)
Once helium is released in the atmosphere, it will continue rising until it escapes into space, making it the only truly unrecoverable element. (acs.org)
At Three Mile Island and Chernobyl , nuclear power plants released radioactive substances into the atmosphere during nuclear accidents. (howstuffworks.com)

Helium is the second lightest element in the known universe. (universetoday.com)

Use Hydrogen in new airships, not helium. (theregister.com)
Hydrogen is by far the best gas to use in airships, yes it can catch fire and burn, but it's half the density of helium, and MUCH cheaper. (theregister.com)

However, some studies suggest that helium produced deep in the Earth by radioactive decay can collect in natural gas reserves in larger-than-expected quantities, in some cases having been released by volcanic activity. (wikipedia.org)
Like mentioned before Helium is rare on Earth but there are places where it is readily found. (universetoday.com)
On Earth the majority of helium found comes from radioactive decay. (universetoday.com)
On Earth there are key locations where concentrated helium can be harvested. (universetoday.com)
If you'd like more info about helium on Earth, check out NASA's Solar System Exploration Guide on Earth . (universetoday.com)
For example, the element helium was first discovered in the sun through stellar spectroscopy, before it was found on earth. (suse.com)
It was named helium after the Greek word for the sun helios, and was subsequently discovered on earth forty years later! (suse.com)
Helium is actually rare on earth, produced deep in the earth by radioactive decay. (suse.com)
It will take hundreds of millions of years for Earth to replenish its helium stores naturally. (forbes.com)
When helium was discovered on Earth, its unique properties immediately lent itself to a myriad of scientific uses. (forbes.com)
According to Ahrens, helium-3 is plentiful in the volcanic rocks spewed up by so-called mantle plumes--upwellings of magma from deep inside the Earth that give rise to island chains such as the Hawaiian islands. (ldolphin.org)
If the Earth has held on to some of its helium-3 for this long, why shouldn't it have have held onto some of its water as well. (ldolphin.org)
Helium-3 'gives a clear signal that the Earth really does contain these kinds of material', says Ahrens. (ldolphin.org)
While helium is very common in the universe, most of it is in the stars: on earth it is actually quite rare. (theodoregray.com)
Helium exists just about everywhere on earth. (stackexchange.com)
It only created by radioactive decay on earth. (mchemistry.com)

The radioactive ions produced by the Light Ion Guide (LIG) facility must have the proper charge-state for acceleration. (tamu.edu)
The ECR3 ion source (CB-ECRIS) will be devoted mainly to charge breeding the radioactive ions produced by the LIG. (tamu.edu)
The charge breeding of radioactive ions it is more complicated due to the presence of the residual helium gas "leaking" from the LIG device. (tamu.edu)
Our results show that UHDR helium ions spare body development and reduce spine curvature, compared to conventional dose rate. (bvsalud.org)

Liquid helium is used in cryogenics (its largest single use, consuming about a quarter of production), and in the cooling of superconducting magnets, with its main commercial application in MRI scanners. (wikipedia.org)
Today, we rely on helium in cryogenics, superconducting magnets and MRI scanners. (suse.com)

Helium is a noble gas, which means it doesn't react with anything for all practical intents and purposes. (theodoregray.com)

In scientific research, the behavior of the two fluid phases of helium-4 (helium I and helium II) is important to researchers studying quantum mechanics (in particular the property of superfluidity) and to those looking at the phenomena, such as superconductivity, produced in matter near absolute zero. (wikipedia.org)
The sell-off of the federal strategic helium reserve has driven up demand for the vital element and poses a threat to the supply that researchers need, a panel of U.S. experts reported on Friday. (labmanager.com)
The law requiring the liquidation of the helium reserve, created in the 1920s, also called for evaluation by the National Academies to determine whether the sell-off hindered the work of U.S. researchers. (labmanager.com)
Charles Groat of the University of Texas at Austin, who was committee co-chairman, said researchers were "very uncomfortable" about the prospect of having to get helium from Russia or the Middle East once the U.S. supply is depleted. (labmanager.com)
The report said that "small-scale government-funded researchers who use helium have been hit particularly hard by sharp price rises and shortages that have characterized the helium market in recent times. (labmanager.com)

The energy balance in the decay of a neutron is achieved by the anti-neutrino, a neutral particle that carries off surplus energy as the neutron decays. (ieer.org)
Many heavy nuclei emit an energetic alpha particle when they decay. (ieer.org)
For example, emitting an alpha particle, which is a helium nucleus. (h2g2.com)
This means they are unstable, and will eventually decay by emitting a particle, transforming the nucleus into another nucleus, or into a lower energy state. (bu.edu)
The difference between them is the particle emitted by the nucleus during the decay process. (bu.edu)
aim - purpose, as in the 'aim of an experiment' albedo - reflective power of a planet, the fraction of reflected to incident diffuse light alpha particle - a charged particle emitted in some radioactive decays. (schoolphysics.co.uk)

So if it is so plentiful where is Helium found? (universetoday.com)

Atmospheric recovery of helium is nearly impossible. (acs.org)
High precision analysis of 46 years of air samples has confirmed that atmospheric helium levels are increasing. (chemistryworld.com)
However, previous studies have demonstrated that the ratio of the helium isotopes 3 He and 4 He has remained constant over this same period, meaning a corresponding increase in atmospheric 3 He must be occurring undetected. (chemistryworld.com)
This helium is being produced at a rate equivalent to about seven liters per second at standard atmospheric pressure. (scitechdaily.com)

Helium is both a costly and a finite resource. (europa.eu)

Some of this residual energy after radioactive decay can be emitted in the form of high-frequency electromagnetic radiation, called gamma rays. (ieer.org)

Radiation Dispersal Device - A conventional explosion has scattered radioactive material ("dirty bomb"), saboteurs blew up a truck carrying radioactive material, or an aerosol containing radioactive material has been spread over a large area. (cdc.gov)
A material containing unstable nuclei is considered radioactive . (knowpia.com)
Both the curie (Ci) and the becquerel (Bq) tell us how much a radioactive material decays every second (1 Ci = 37 billion Bq = 37 billion decays per second). (cdc.gov)

Lockyer was the first to propose that the line was due to a new element, which he named after the Sun. The formal discovery of the element was made in 1895 by chemists Sir William Ramsay, Per Teodor Cleve, and Nils Abraham Langlet, who found helium emanating from the uranium ore, cleveite, which is now not regarded as a separate mineral species, but as a variety of uraninite. (wikipedia.org)
Helium is an element that fits this scenario. (universetoday.com)
Why is Helium an Endangered Element? (acs.org)
Lockyer dubbed the new element helium, after the Greek word for the sun (helios). (aps.org)
Helium is the second most common element in the universe, representing about 10% of the total matter. (theodoregray.com)
For years it was assumed that decay rates from mother to daughter element was constant. (earthage.org)
Rutherford and his student Frederick Soddy were the first to realize that many decay processes resulted in the transmutation of one element to another. (knowpia.com)

Current helium reserves are expected to last 30-50 years, which is a big problem if you rely on superconducting magnets for i.e. (theregister.com)

In the Middle Ages, many people believed in 'spontaneous generation', that living things such as bugs could arise spontaneously from non-living things, such as decaying meat. (muslimhope.com)

To most people, helium is party balloons and the Goodyear blimp," he said in a telephone interview. (labmanager.com)
They are thin-walled steel, not like the heavy gas cylinders used in welding, and only contain enough helium for about 30 balloons. (theodoregray.com)
Helium is lighter and less dense than air and therefore balloons filled with it fly away and up into the sky if not held down. (tenants-rights.org)
Although Hydrogen is lighter than Helium but due to safety reason, balloons are not filled with Hydrogen. (mchemistry.com)

While the other forces hold things together, the weak force plays a greater role in things falling apart, or decaying. (livescience.com)

Three of the most common types of decay are alpha, beta , and gamma decay . (knowpia.com)

CONCLUSION: This study explored and demonstrated the possibilities of the Geant4-DNA toolkit together with the "molecularDNA" example to simulate the helium beam irradiation of cancer cell lines, to quantify the early DNA damage, or even the following DNA damage response. (bvsalud.org)

In fact, it is so rare that helium was discovered only in 1868, thanks to the efforts of two scientists in particular, one in England, and the other in France. (aps.org)

The first evidence of helium was observed on August 18, 1868, as a bright yellow line with a wavelength of 587.49 nanometers in the spectrum of the chromosphere of the Sun. The line was detected by French astronomer Jules Janssen during a total solar eclipse in Guntur, India. (wikipedia.org)

In 1903, large reserves of helium were found in natural gas fields in parts of the United States, by far the largest supplier of the gas today. (wikipedia.org)

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