Quinones benzoquinones. Medical search. Frequent questions

1,4-Benzoquinone is a toxic metabolite found in human blood and can be used to track exposure to benzene or mixtures containing benzene and benzene compounds, such as petrol. (wikipedia.org)
Quinones are well known as redox-active compounds. (rsc.org)
Thus, the concentrations of NADH, NAD, and quinone are varied separately and together to determine patterns of competition that are used to infer which compounds can occupy the active site simultaneously. (xray.cz)
It is a kind of Quinones compounds. (albtechnology.com)
Quinones are a group of compounds that are widely distributed in nature. (bocsci.com)
Quinones are a class of compounds that include quinones or are easily transformed into compounds with quinone-like properties, as well as compounds that are closely related to quinones in biosynthesis, and often exist in nature as pigments in animals, plants and microorganisms. (bocsci.com)
Quinone compounds have phenolic hydroxyl group, so they have certain acidity. (bocsci.com)
The acidity of quinone compounds varies significantly depending on the number and position of phenolic hydroxyl groups in the molecule. (bocsci.com)
Disclosed herein are compounds and methods of using such compounds for treating or suppressing oxidative stress disorders, including mitochondrial disorders, impaired energy processing disorders, neurodegenerative diseases and diseases of aging, or for modulating one or more energy biomarkers, normalizing one or more energy biomarkers, or enhancing one or more energy biomarkers, wherein the compounds are tocopherol quinone derivatives. (justia.com)

1,4-Benzoquinone is prepared industrially by oxidation of hydroquinone, which can be obtained by several routes. (wikipedia.org)
Subsequent oxidation of the hydroquinone gives the quinone. (wikipedia.org)
Quinone was originally prepared industrially by oxidation of aniline, for example by manganese dioxide. (wikipedia.org)
Due to its ability to function as an oxidizer, 1,4-benzoquinone can be found in methods using the Wacker-Tsuji oxidation, wherein a palladium salt catalyzes the conversion of an alkene to a ketone. (wikipedia.org)
Assays of WrbA NADH oxidation/quinone reduction activity were carried out. (xray.cz)
These reactions follow the decrease in NADH absorbance at 340 nm upon oxidation during reduction of ubiquinone-0 or benzoquinone. (xray.cz)
1,2-Benzoquinone is produced on oxidation of catechol exposed to air in aqueous solution or by ortho oxidation of a phenol . (alchetron.com)
The results indicate that the quinones derived from oxidation of 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid participate in Michael addition reaction with triphenylphosphine ( 4 ). (ics-ir.org)
A quinone derivative (2,5-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone), a likely oxidation product of the transformation intermediate 2,5-dimethylphenol, is expected to be the most acutely and chronically toxic compound arsing from GFZ direct photolysis. (unito.it)

Derivatives of the quinol and quinone with a hydroxylated t-butyl group were also formed. (aspetjournals.org)
The free anthraquinone and quinone derivatives are mostly sublimated. (bocsci.com)

Impure samples are often dark-colored due to the presence of quinhydrone, a dark green 1:1 charge-transfer complex of quinone with hydroquinone. (wikipedia.org)
Quinone is mainly used as a precursor to hydroquinone, which is used in photography and rubber manufacture as a reducing agent and antioxidant. (wikipedia.org)
An acidic potassium iodide solution reduces a solution of benzoquinone to hydroquinone, which can be reoxidized back to the quinone with a solution of silver nitrate. (wikipedia.org)
Bone marrow cell suspensions were prepared from male B6C3F1-mice and cultured with hydroquinone (123319), benzoquinone (106514), catechol (120809), phenol (108952), and 1,2,4-benzenetriol (533733) at concentrations from 0.0000015 to formed in the presence of these metabolites was determined and compared with values from untreated stromal cell cultures. (cdc.gov)
Hydroquinone and benzoquinone had dose related effects. (cdc.gov)
Hydroquinone completely inhibited cell growth at concentrations above 0.0000125mole, and benzoquinone had the same effect at a concentration of 0.00005mol. (cdc.gov)
In the simultaneous culture system, stromal cell exposure to hydroquinone and benzoquinone produced dose dependent decreases in granulocyte monocyte colonies. (cdc.gov)
Phenol is further converted into hydroquinone, which is oxidized to benzoquinone. (cdc.gov)
The conjugates formed from hydroquinone (hydroquinone glucuronide and hydroquinone sulfate) are markers for this toxification pathway leading to benzoquinone. (cdc.gov)

Naphthoquinone has an odor similar to benzoquinone. (naturalremedies.org)
Here we employ density functional theory (DFT) based vibrational frequency calculations on benzoquinone (BQ) and naphthoquinone (NQ) model systems to help untangle the intrinsic and environmental factors that could shift the quinone's vibrational mode frequencies and intensities. (gsu.edu)
Quinones share a basic structural pattern: an o- or para-substituted diketone conjugated to an aromatic nucleus (benzoquinone) or a thickened polycyclic aromatic system, such as benzoquinone, naphthoquinone, phenanthrenequinone and anthraquinone. (bocsci.com)
Natural quinones are mostly colored crystals, benzoquinone and naphthoquinone exist mostly in free state, while anthraquinones are often combined into glycosides and exist in traditional Chinese medicine, most of them are difficult to get good crystallization. (bocsci.com)
Small molecules of benzoquinone and naphthoquinone are volatile and can be distilled with water vapor. (bocsci.com)

To handle these two issues, we have synthesized a novel organic cathode material by anchoring a quinone compound, 2,3-dicyano- p -benzoquinone (DCBQ) with a high redox potential of 3.37 V vs. Li/Li + , onto carbon nanotubes (CNTs) (CNTs-DCBQ) through a facile ''grafting to'' method. (osti.gov)
Some of these quinones play the role of electron transfer in the redox reaction in living organisms, while some have antibacterial or antitumor activities, such as carob quinone, lanxuequinone, lapachone, etc. (bocsci.com)
In recent years, the interest of researchers in the redox behavior of simple and substituted quinones and anthraquinones used as potential components of electrochemical energy storage systems has grown significantly. (sgu.ru)
Therefore, in this work, the electrochemical behavior of some promising organic systems based on quinone, anthraquinone and their analogs to be used as redox systems of flow batteries was studied using the method of cyclic voltammetry. (sgu.ru)

A strain of the bacterium Pseudomonas mendocina metabolises benzoic acid , yielding 1,2-benzoquinone via catechol . (alchetron.com)

The quinone was found to have a mode of action against the ubiquinone reductase site from the results of different electron donor experiments on intact mitochondria from rat liver. (lookformedical.com)

According to different chemical structures, quinones can be divided into benzoquinones, naphthoquinones, anthraquinones and phenanthrenequinones. (bocsci.com)

Ilanikashkouli, Mohammadnabi, "Calculated Vibrational Properties of Asymmetrically Hydrogen Bonded Benzoquinones and Naphthoquinones. (gsu.edu)

Benzoquinone is a planar molecule with localized, alternating C=C, C=O, and C-C bonds. (wikipedia.org)
When there is no phenolic hydroxyl group in the molecule, quinones are almost colorless, but with the introduction of phenolic hydroxyl group and other auxiliary chromophores, they have a certain color, and the more auxiliary chromophores introduced, the darker the color is, such as yellow, orange, brownish red and purple-red. (bocsci.com)

1,4-Benzoquinone is used in the synthesis of Bromadol and related analogs. (wikipedia.org)

Tyrosine and p -benzoquinone were the dominant metabolites in all of the secretions, accounting for approximately 11.29% of emissions, with the portion in the solid phase being generally higher than that in the liquid phase. (frontiersin.org)
Mouse lung, however, produced more quinone relative to other metabolites than mouse liver. (aspetjournals.org)

Specifically, we systematically study the effect that hydrogen bonds and quinone substituents have on the ��=�� mode vibrational frequencies of the neutral and one-electron reduced BQs and NQs. (gsu.edu)
They only differ in a methyl group and 2 substituents on the benzoquinone ring ( Liu et al , 2016 ). (stackexchange.com)

WrbA hereby bridges bacterial flavodoxins and eukaryotic NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductases with its three-dimensional structure clearly revealing a close relationship to mammalian NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase, Nqo1 [1]. (xray.cz)

Comparison of the high-resolution E. coli WrbA structure with NQO1 implies significant differences in access to the enzyme active site by the cofactor and the NADH and quinone substrates. (xray.cz)
Despite these structural differences our results clearly demonstrate the unusual two-plateau behaviour on the substrate concentration-dependence plots for NADH or benzoquinone as described for NQO1 by Hosada et al. (xray.cz)

Quinones are ubiquitous in biochemistry, where they typically function as electron carriers in processes such as photosynthesis and respiration. (gsu.edu)
The acidity of β-hydroxy quinones is stronger than that of α-hydroxy quinones because of the effect of electron absorption by carbonyl group, the electron cloud density of oxygen atom on β-hydroxy group is reduced and the dissociation degree of proton is increased. (bocsci.com)
We found that this quinone inhibited both mitochondrial respiration and photosynthesis in their electron transportation systems. (lookformedical.com)
The electron transport system, photosystem-II (PS-II), in chroloplast from spinach leaves was inhibited by the quinone in a similar way to that of the triazin sires herbicide, atrazin, with its mode of action against PS II. (lookformedical.com)
The high activity of POx towards several electron acceptors such as quinones and metal complex ions, which act as mediators that increase the efficiency of electron transfer from the active site of POx to the electrode, is also a contributing factor. (boku.ac.at)

Para-Benzoquinone is an organic chemical compound commonly known as p-Quinone. (camlinfs.com)

1,4-Benzoquinone, commonly known as para-quinone, is a chemical compound with the formula C6H4O2. (wikipedia.org)

1,4-Benzoquinone is sensitive toward both strong mineral acids and alkali, which cause condensation and decomposition of the compound. (wikipedia.org)

K + . In order to know more about the chemical structure of the alkali salts, the lithium, sodium and potassium salts of bistriazole- p -benzoquinone were crystallized and their structure could be revealed by single crystal X-ray analysis. (rsc.org)

This natural quinone has a long aliphatic chain (C17) including an unsaturated bond at its midpoint. (lookformedical.com)

Quinones bound in protein complexes are often studied using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) difference spectroscopy (DS). (gsu.edu)
With FTIR DS it is possible to probe even small changes in hydrogen bonding between the quinones and nearby protein residues. (gsu.edu)

This hypothesis was further demonstrated by the antimicrobial activity of p -benzoquinone. (frontiersin.org)

In this work bistriazole- p -benzoquinone was prepared and its electrochemical behaviour in aqueous alkaline solutions was studied by cyclic voltammetry. (rsc.org)

This reaction is typically carried out using pressurized oxygen as the oxidizer, but benzoquinone can sometimes preferred. (wikipedia.org)
In this work, based on an EC mechanism, the observed homogeneous rate constants ( k obs ) of the reaction of produced benzoquinones with triphenylphosphine ( 4 ) were estimated by comparing the experimental cyclic voltammograms with the digitally simulated results. (ics-ir.org)

Compared to the wild-type, ToPOx variants T166R, Q448H, L545C, and L547R showed higher kinetic constants towards 1,4-benzoquinone, ferrocenium ion, and 2,6-dichlorophenolindiphenol (DCPIP) determined from analysis of pre-steady-state kinetics of the corresponding oxidative half-reactions. (boku.ac.at)

So could it be that quinone B turns into plastoquinone on accepting the electrons, and plastoquinone accepts two H + ions to form plastoquinol? (stackexchange.com)

Generally, the quinones containing carboxyl groups are more acidic. (bocsci.com)

Moreover, only p -benzoquinone was entirely significantly upregulated in the solid phase compared to the liquid phase. (frontiersin.org)

2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) is a stronger oxidant and dehydrogenation agent than 1,4-benzoquinone. (wikipedia.org)

POx-modified glassy carbon electrodes showed high catalytic efficiencies through cyclic voltammetry measurements using D-glucose as substrate and in the presence of 1,4-benzoquinone, ferrocenemethanol, and DCPIP as mediators. (boku.ac.at)

It is a yellow crystalline substance that is related to quinone, procurable by oxidizing naphthalene with chromic acid. (naturalremedies.org)

Bombardier beetles differ however, in that they do not directly store these quinones in glands, but produce them with explosive chemical reactions at the moment of release (Eisner, Eisner & Siegler 2005). (weebly.com)

The natural quinone, hydroxydietrichequinone (3-heptadec-8-enyl-2-hydroxy-5-methoxy-[1,4]benzoquinone) is a secondary metabolite of Cyperus javanicus. (lookformedical.com)

The acidity of quinones without carboxyl groups increases with the number of phenolic hydroxyl groups, and when the number of phenolic hydroxyl groups is the same, the substitution position of phenolic hydroxyl groups has a greater influence on the acidity. (bocsci.com)

An application is found in this step of the total synthesis of Metachromin A: Benzoquinone is also used to suppress double-bond migration during olefin metathesis reactions. (wikipedia.org)

In a second step, quinone binds to the site vacated by NAD and is reduced by FADH2. (xray.cz)

Para-Benzoquinone acts as a cross linking agent and is useful in stabilizing unsaturated polyester resins during processing, shipment, and storage in either catalyzed or per catalyzed form. (camlinfs.com)

Organic quinone materials allow a sustainable approach for electric energy storage, yet, their intrinsic electrical insulation and dissolution into the electrolyte during cycling have hampered their wide applications. (osti.gov)

Many arthropods have also independently evolved the ability to produce defensive 1-4-benzoquinones such as millipedes, earwigs, termites, grasshoppers, cockroaches and more. (weebly.com)

Anatomy1

Organisms6

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs54

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment11

Phenomena and Processes19

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Compounds9

Oxidation9

Derivatives2

Hydroquinone9

Naphthoquinone5

Redox4

Catechol1

Ubiquinone1

Anthraquinones1

Naphthoquinones1

Molecule2

Analogs1

Metabolites2

Substituents2

Oxidoreductases1

NADH2

Electron5

Organic chemical1

Commonly known1

Compound1

Alkali1

Aliphatic1

Protein2

Antimicrobial1

Electrochemical1

Reaction2

Kinetic1

Ions1

Acidic1

Significantly1

Stronger1

Substrate1

Crystalline1

Chemical1

Natural1

Groups1

Found1

Step1

Form1

Energy1

Ability1