ImagingVitroNuclearGlycogen metabolismPhospholipid metabolismNeurotransmissionFunctionalHepaticAtomic nucleiCerebral BlooFMRIExcitationMolecularAblationProtonCorticalRelaxationFattyTeslaElectromagneticIntrinsicSpinEnergyCardiacRevealAdvancesChemical shiftConcentrationsClinicalExternal magneticMarkedlyTechniquesGradientsRatsOrganismsHumanSpectrumResultsHydrogenSpatial
Imaging21
- ISMRM 2010) High Resolution 31P Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging of the Human Brain at 7T. (ismrm.org)
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging 88 , pp.38-43. (cardiff.ac.uk)
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging 91 , pp.52-61. (cardiff.ac.uk)
- Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging 55 (5), pp.1322-1339. (cardiff.ac.uk)
- The present lecture aims to provide an overview of the most important technical aspects when applying chemical shift encoding techniques, including single-voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy, chemical shift imaging and chemical shift encoding-based water-fat separation techniques, for targeting lipids, creatine, macromolecules, choline and phosphorous metabolites in musculoskeletal tissues. (gitlab.io)
- A variety of imaging modalities, including structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) studies of cerebral metabolism, have shown characteristic changes in the brain of patients with Alzheimer disease in prodromal and even presymptomatic states. (medscape.com)
- Coronal, T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan in a patient with moderate Alzheimer disease. (medscape.com)
- Axial, T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan reveals atrophic changes within bilateral temporal lobes with prominence of the sylvian fissures. (medscape.com)
- Numerous studies are under way to identify specific imaging markers for different types of dementia, including cerebral volumetric measurements, diffusion imaging, spectroscopy, very-high-field MRI scans of senile plaques, and PET scan markers of senile plaques. (medscape.com)
- Alonso BD, Lowe AS, Dear JP, Lee KC, Williams SC, Finnerty GT (2008) Sensory inputs from whisking movements modify cortical whisker maps visualized with functional magnetic resonance imaging. (springer.com)
- Area A will delineate the diagnostic potential of TSPO imaging by means of positron emission tomography (PET) in brain tumors in vivo and will enable the complementary characterization of brain tissue in vitro to delineate the neurobiological characteristics underlying TSPO PET labeling in the human brain. (uni-regensburg.de)
- PET, SPECT and MRI are powerful techniques for in vivo molecular imaging. (infn.it)
- In vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging of the healthy human brain at 9.4 T: initial experience. (mpg.de)
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has additional technical and logistic challenges, such as the necessity for high magnetic fields, problems with motion artefacts, electromagnetic compatibility issues, high costs and lack of portability. (nature.com)
- Therefore, the validation of complementary or alternative methods for in vivo imaging of intrinsic FC is an important scientific objective. (nature.com)
- Abstract Quantitative spinal cord (SC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) presents many challenges, including a lack of standardized imaging protocols. (marbilab.it)
- Magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) is a medical imaging technique used in radiology to form pictures of the anatomy and the physiological processes of the body in both health and disease. (alchetron.com)
- Axial, T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the brain reveals atrophic changes in the temporal lobes. (medscape.com)
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be considered the preferred neuroimaging examination for Alzheimer disease because it allows for accurate measurement of the 3-dimensional (3D) volume of brain structures, especially the size of the hippocampus and related regions. (medscape.com)
- Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is one of the newest magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based methods for assessing iron accumulation in target areas. (springeropen.com)
- There are different imaging methods based on MRI for examining and measuring iron deposition in the brain, like T2*-weighted imaging (T2*WI), T2-weighted imaging(T2WI), relaxation rate (R2*), field-dependent relaxation rate increase (FDRI), and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) [ 2 ]. (springeropen.com)
Vitro3
- 2′-FL has been demonstrated to confer beneficial effects both in vitro and in vivo . (frontiersin.org)
- In vitro spectra from CDR patients showed elevated PE and PC, mirroring the in vivo changes in PME, but reduced GPE and GPC concentrations were observed, at variance with the in vivo PDE findings. (westminster.ac.uk)
- On the other hand, even if 3D aggregate culture methods are able to recapitulate in vitro the cell-extracellular matrix interactions properly observed in vivo, and the synthetic/natural matrix and scaffolds have biochemical and mechanical properties, in order to mimic the native extracellular matrix, both of these systems possesses some limitations and some methodological improvements are needed. (razavihospital.ir)
Nuclear10
- Arai T, Nakao S, Mori K, Ishimori K, Morishima I, Miyazawa T, Fritz-Zieroth B (1990) Cerebral oxygen utilization analyzed by the use of oxygen-17 and its nuclear magnetic resonance. (springer.com)
- Arai T, Mori K, Nakao S, Watanabe K, Kito K, Aoki M, Mori H, Morikawa S, Inubushi T (1991) In vivo oxygen-17 nuclear magnetic resonance for the estimation of cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption. (springer.com)
- When nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was described more than half a century ago it appeared to be a curiosity of the quantum world. (rsc.org)
- Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involves the excitation of nuclei by electromagnetic radiation in the radio-frequency range of the electromagnetic spectrum. (rsc.org)
- The first scientists to investigate nuclear magnetic resonance were physicists whose primary concern was to measure fundamental physical constants. (rsc.org)
- Indeed Bloch and fellow American physicist, Edward Mills Purcell, won the Nobel prize for physics in 1952 for demonstrating that substances such as water and paraffin could also be used to observe nuclear magnetic resonance. (rsc.org)
- Nuclear magnetic resonance first came to the attention of chemists following the discovery that protons in different chemical environments resonate at very slightly different frequencies. (rsc.org)
- MRI is based upon the science of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). (alchetron.com)
- Pulses of radio waves excite the nuclear spin energy transition, and magnetic field gradients localize the signal in space. (alchetron.com)
- Your activity goods had been seen as a size spectroscopy and also nuclear permanent magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. (acyltransferase-receptor.com)
Glycogen metabolism3
- The contribution of energetic metabolism to glycogen metabolism was estimated. (biomedcentral.com)
- Butyrate, known to reduce oxidative phosphorylation yield and to induce a glucose-sparing effect, delayed the transient increase in mitochondrial ATP turnover and hence energy contribution to glycogen metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
- We present here a theoretical meta-analysis that tests whether the brain's unique compartmentation of glycogen metabolism in the astrocyte and the requirement for neuronal glucose homeostasis lead to the observed stoichiometries. (marbilab.it)
Phospholipid metabolism2
- In vivo hepatic phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) provides non-invasive information about phospholipid metabolism. (westminster.ac.uk)
- The increase in PME:NTP reflects altered phospholipid metabolism in patients with CDR, while the increase in PDE:NTP may represent a significant contribution from bile phospholipid. (westminster.ac.uk)
Neurotransmission1
- In the past, the efficacy of pulsed ELF-EMFs in alleviating the symptoms and the progression of multiple sclerosis has been supported through their action on neurotransmission and on the autoimmune mechanisms responsible for demyelination. (maxwellmagneticmeds.co.za)
Functional1
Hepatic1
- The main site for butyrate metabolism is the liver since hepatic removal close to 100% has been evidenced in Wistar rats adapted to a high-fiber diet [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Atomic nuclei2
- Certain atomic nuclei can absorb and emit radio frequency energy when placed in an external magnetic field . (alchetron.com)
- Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. (lookformedical.com)
Cerebral Bloo3
- Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 42 (7), pp.1192-1209. (cardiff.ac.uk)
- Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism. (arizona.edu)
- Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism (42):844-860. (marbilab.it)
FMRI1
- These results demonstrate that the upregulation of energy metabolism induced by visual stimulation depends on the type of information processing taking place in V1, and that 1H-fMRS provides unique information about local input/output balance that is not measured by BOLD fMRI. (marbilab.it)
Excitation1
Molecular2
- Since then NMR spectroscopy has become an essential tool not only for chemists, but also for biochemists, molecular biologists and even clinicians. (rsc.org)
- A combination of molecular simulation with hydrogendeuterium-exchange mass spectrometry and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy reveal an asymmetry across the membrane: ATP-induced conformational changes in the cytosolic cavity promote unfolded pre-protein structure, while the exterior cavity favours its formation. (elifesciences.org)
Ablation1
- The topics covered include magnetic resonance (MR)-guided percutaneous ablation, anastomosis, therapeutic applications, and diagnostic applications [ Table 2 ]. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Proton1
Cortical1
Relaxation2
- Perturbation of this nature was also observed in magnetically aligned bicelles by 31P solid-state NMR spectroscopy and spin relaxation experiments. (phoenixpeptide.com)
- By varying the parameters of the pulse sequence , different contrasts can be generated between tissues based on the relaxation properties of the hydrogen atoms therein. (alchetron.com)
Fatty1
- The effect of ω3 fatty acids on the metabolism of the normal liver was studied using 31P NMR spectroscopy. (westminster.ac.uk)
Tesla1
- They ordered the biggest magnet available - a 1.5 Tesla system - and built the first high-field whole-body MRI/MRS scanner, overcoming problems of coil design, RF penetration and signal-to-noise. (wikipedia.org)
Electromagnetic1
- Increasing evidence shows that extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) stimulation is able to exert a certain action on autoimmunity and immune cells. (maxwellmagneticmeds.co.za)
Intrinsic1
- The low gyromagnetic ratio and in vivo concentration of 31 P results in a low intrinsic signal to noise ratio (SNR) ( 31 P-MRS has 100,000 × lower SNR than 1 H MRI [ 12 ]), which leads to low spatial and temporal resolution. (frontiersin.org)
Spin1
- Soon after this, the American physicist, Felix Bloch succeeded in measuring the magnetic moment of the neutron, again using a beam of particles (this time, polarised neutrons, subatomic particles with the property of spin). (rsc.org)
Energy7
- He works on the application of MRS to measure cardiac energy metabolism in the healthy and failing heart, and the development of interventional MRI technology. (wikipedia.org)
- Phosphorus ( 31 P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is known to be a powerful tool in the assessment of cell energy metabolism [ 1 - 3 ]. (frontiersin.org)
- With this method we detected phosphorylated signals from the energy metabolism in the brain as well as resonances from phosphomono and diester compounds and inorganic phosphate in the human brain within relatively short acquisition times (16 or 25minutes). (ismrm.org)
- Gut microbiota clearly affect the host nutritional metabolism with consequences for energy storage, which implies mechanistic interactions between events occurring in the colon and the regulation of energy metabolism [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- There it releases the oxygen to permit aerobic respiration to provide energy to power the functions of the organism in the process called metabolism . (ipfs.io)
- We found that blood-brain barrier glucose transport can be limiting during activation and that the energy demand could only be met if glycogenolysis supports neuronal glucose metabolism by replacing the glucose consumed by astrocytes, a mechanism we call Glucose Sparing by Glycogenolysis (GSG). (marbilab.it)
- Laser systems are also used for intervertebral disk degeneration treatment, therapeutic applications of laser energy for transcranial laser therapy and nerve regeneration, and novel diagnostic laser-based technologies (e.g., laser scanning endomicroscopy and Raman spectroscopy) that are used for interrogation of pathological tissue. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Cardiac3
- This was verified by phantom measurements, where an SNR increase of 46% could be observed for localized 31 P spectroscopy in a voxel positioned comparable to an in vivo cardiac measurement scenario. (frontiersin.org)
- A flexible 31 P/ 1 H RF coil array with improved SNR is presented, enabling localized in vivo cardiac 31 P spectroscopy at 7 T. (frontiersin.org)
- A common reason for cardiac dysfunction is a deficit of the myocardial metabolism [ 4 - 6 ] for which cardiac 31 P MRS is a direct and non-invasive assessment method [ 7 - 9 ]. (frontiersin.org)
Reveal1
- Computer simulations show highly anisotropic magnetic response of FePt polytwin crystals, and reveal strong effects of twin boundaries on magnetic domain structure evolutions. (fak-signal.com)
Advances1
- The key to achieve important advances in the field of biointegrated devices resides in the successful integration of these technological and scientific areas. (european-mrs.com)
Chemical shift1
- The chemical shift results from minute differences in the external magnetic field which is experienced by each nucleus. (rsc.org)
Concentrations1
- 31P NMR spectra of rat liver extracts (8.7 T) suggested that increased concentrations of glycerophosphocoline and possibly glycerophosphoethanolamine were responsible for rising PDE levels in vivo. (westminster.ac.uk)
Clinical1
- This Narrative Review article aims to evaluate the performance of QSM compared to other methods of assessing iron deposition in the clinical field. (springeropen.com)
External magnetic2
- Magnetization processes in FePt polytwin crystals of L1(0) phase under external magnetic fields along different crystallographic directions are studied by using micromagnetic modeling. (fak-signal.com)
- The competition between the internal and external magnetic fields determines magnetic domain structures and their evolution paths, explaining the different characteristics of the magnetization curves under applied magnetic fields along different directions. (fak-signal.com)
Markedly1
- The field of Smart Biointerfaces is markedly interdisciplinary, bridging together bionanotechnologies, biomimetic devices, tissue engineering and biohybrid systems. (european-mrs.com)
Techniques2
- Additional techniques include MR spectroscopy (MRS), which allows clinicians to characterize the chemical composition of the mass by determining the presence and/or alteration of components such as lactate, N -acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), and myo-inositol (Ins). (medscape.com)
- A number of in vivo neuroimaging techniques that can be used to reliably and noninvasively assess aspects of neuroanatomy, chemistry, physiology, and pathology hold promise. (medscape.com)
Gradients1
- MRI scanners use strong magnetic fields , radio waves , and field gradients to generate images of the inside of the body. (alchetron.com)
Rats1
- 31P NMR liver spectra in vivo (4.7 T) confirmed increased [PDE]/[ATP] in rats fed fish oil compared to controls, although the difference was only statistically significant at a TR of 1.5 s but not at a TR of 8s. (westminster.ac.uk)
Organisms1
- Only if organisms meet four criteria (four pillars) will they be widely used in the field to replace or augment conventional agrichemicals. (weizmann.ac.il)
Human2
- In Raymond Andrew's group, alongside that of Peter Mansfield, they built the first MRI system producing radiographic-quality images of the human wrist (Nature), and performed the initial work on RF-field and power deposition in human MRI. (wikipedia.org)
- Recent findings in the field of gut microbial flora strongly suggest that the symbiotic relationship between the intestinal microbiota and the human host can influence health [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Spectrum2
- BOC Sciences is a brand of BOCSCI Inc. We leverage our wide spectrum of business in the fields of development, manufacturing, marketing, and distribution to help you make best-informed decisions tailored to your evolving needs for premium chemicals. (thegoodscentscompany.com)
- Thus, a molecule which contains hydrogen in different chemical environments will present not just one radio-frequency absorption, as is the case for water, but rather a spectrum of 1 H resonances. (rsc.org)
Results1
- Obtainable proof claim that cocaine supervision results in intense hyperthermia as well as modifications to brain serotonin metabolism. (acyltransferase-receptor.com)
Hydrogen1
Spatial1
- Immunofluorescence staining suggested a spatial proximity of these cells to CD68+ macrophages in vivo. (bvsalud.org)