Public health benzene. Medical search. Frequent questions

Benzene levels in the air can be elevated by emissions from burning coal and oil, benzene waste and storage operations, motor vehicle exhaust, and evaporation from gasoline service stations. (cdc.gov)

Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, naphthalene and n-hexane evaporating from a thin oil film was measured for 30 min in a small-scale test system at 2 and 13 °C and the impact of physicochemical properties on airborne benzene with time after bulk oil release was studied. (uib.no)
Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene are collectively referred to as BTEX compounds and are among the world's most abundantly produced chemicals. (mining-technology.com)
The main volatile organic compounds found at gasoline stations are benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene isomers (BTEX). (hindawi.com)
Gasoline station workers showed high levels of HA and MHA, reflecting high occupational exposure to the solvents toluene and xylene present in gasoline, demonstrating that changes in the current legislation and in the work environment are necessary to ensure better health protection for these workers. (hindawi.com)
This process, associated with gasoline distribution, can be an important source for emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) [ 2 ], with benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene isomers (BTEX), the main volatile hydrocarbons originating from petroleum. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, our goal was to conduct a case-control study examining the association between estimated maternal residential exposure to benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylene (BTEX) and the risk of oral clefts among offspring. (cdc.gov)
Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between estimated maternal exposure to each pollutant (benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylene) separately and the risk of oral clefts in offspring. (cdc.gov)
An important subset of HAPs is aromatic organic solvents, including benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene and the combined three isomers (ortho, meta and para) of xylene (BTEX). (cdc.gov)
The pollutants released include benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX), which are significant due to their high level of toxicity. (who.int)
Additionally, there were incidences where individuals were at potential hazard risk of benzene and toluene that may pose non-carcinogenic effects to employees. (who.int)

Everyone is exposed to a small amount of benzene every day. (cdc.gov)
Natural sources of benzene, Everyone is exposed to a small amount of benzene which include gas emissions from volcanoes and every day. (cdc.gov)
The UK Food Standards Agency has stated that people would need to drink at least 20 litres (5.5 gal) per day of a drink containing benzene at 10 μg to equal the amount of benzene they would breathe from city air every day. (wikipedia.org)
By measuring benzene in blood, scientists can estimate the amount of benzene that has entered people's bodies. (cdc.gov)
Finding a measurable amount of benzene in the blood does not imply that levels of benzene cause an adverse health effect. (cdc.gov)

Maltoni's experiments clearly demonstrated that benzene is carcinogenic in Sprague-Dawley rats, Wistar rats, Swiss mice, and RF/J mice when administered by inhalation or ingestion. (nih.gov)

You must also consider any other chemicals you are exposed to and your age, sex, diet, family traits, lifestyle, and state of health. (cdc.gov)
Because of its wide use, benzene ranks in the top 20 in production volume for chemicals produced in the United States. (cdc.gov)
Various industries use benzene to make other chemicals, such as styrene (for Styrofoam® and other plastics), cumene (for various resins), and cyclohexane (for nylon and synthetic fibers). (cdc.gov)
Once in the air, benzene reacts with other chemicals and breaks down within a few days. (cdc.gov)
exposure to any hazardous substance depend on the You must also consider any other chemicals you are dose, the duration, how you are exposed, personal exposed to and your age, sex, diet, family traits, traits and habits, and whether other chemicals are lifestyle, and state of health. (cdc.gov)
Various industries use benzene to area, such as an industrial plant, or from a container, make other chemicals, such as styrene (for such as a drum or bottle, it enters the environment. (cdc.gov)
Benzene was among the 400 or more chemicals that Maltoni and his associates tested for carcinogenicity. (nih.gov)
Benzene belongs to a class of chemicals called volatile organic compounds, so called because they evaporate in the air. (cdc.gov)
As one of the most commonly-made chemicals in the United States, benzene is often used to make many other chemicals. (cdc.gov)
In the Fourth National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals (Fourth Report) , CDC scientists measured benzene in the blood of 1,345 participants aged twenty years and older who took part in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) during 2003-2004. (cdc.gov)
More importantly, chemicals that should be targeted for further reduction can be delineated to guide future public health policy and reduce the health risk burden on specific locations. (cdc.gov)
Conclusions: The findings may guide future environmental management policies/rules/regulations for cancer-causing chemicals, assess effectiveness of the current emission controls, identify areas with a high exposure and cancer risks, and provide input to public health agencies about environmental justice areas. (cdc.gov)
The TAGA (trace atmospheric gas analyzer) has not had any significant hits for benzene or other chemicals. (khou.com)
One reason benzene is so often associated with oil and gas development is that it's a natural hydrocarbon-like methane, propane, octane, and the hundreds of other chemicals in the mixtures we call "crude oil" and "natural gas. (i2i.org)
This is especially unlikely in the case chemicals like benzene, because it is a biodegradable substance-and, in the case of the CSPH study, it is produced by temporary activities. (i2i.org)
The research team will use scientifically established approaches to understand the types of health problems community members are experiencing, and how these conditions may be linked to exposure to chemicals found in coke oven emissions, such as benzene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. (buffalo.edu)
The Retail, Wholesale and Department Store Union will receive $159,962 to develop food processing health hazard training materials on food flavoring additives, application of sanitation chemicals and ergonomics. (osha.gov)
The state health department's environmental health division told Maui County, which operates water delivery systems for most residents, to test for 23 chemicals. (fox4kc.com)
Findings, published online this week in the journal Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health, show that air vented from machines using the top-selling scented liquid laundry detergent and scented dryer sheet contains hazardous chemicals, including two that are classified as carcinogens. (eponline.com)
Of those, two chemicals - acetaldehyde and benzene - are classified by the Environmental Protection Agency as carcinogens, for which the agency has established no safe exposure level. (eponline.com)
He has over 34 years of extensive experience in Public Health and Forensic Toxicology with specialized expertise in causation analyses (plaintiff and defendant) including Alcohol toxicology, Drugs-of-Abuse, Pharmaceuticals, Herbal Products, Dioxins, Solvents, Heavy Metals, Crude Oil and other Chemicals. (experts.com)
As Americans Against Fracking's David Braun says, "Only in a world where corporate influence rules public policy would slash and burn technologies like fracking-which utilizes enormous quantities of fresh water and toxic chemicals to smash bedrock and release dirty energy-be considered a good idea. (globalexchange.org)
Calculated risks : understanding the toxicity and human health risks of chemicals in our environment / Joseph V. Rodricks. (who.int)

Meanwhile, benzene is a human carcinogen leading to leukemia. (biomedcentral.com)
The International Agency of Research on Cancer has classified benzene as a Group I carcinogen. (biomedcentral.com)
In 1976, Maltoni reported that benzene is a potent experimental carcinogen. (nih.gov)
Thus, benzene was shown to be a multipotential carcinogen that produced cancers in several species of animals by various routes of administration. (nih.gov)
Exposure to benzene, a carcinogen released at oil and gas refineries, can cause vomiting, headaches, anemia, increased risk of cancer and death, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (publicnewsservice.org)
Benzene is a known human carcinogen. (ewg.org)
One of them, benzene, is a known carcinogen. (texasobserver.org)
Benzene is an exposure concern because the Department of Health and Human Services' National Toxicology Program has determined that it is a known carcinogen (i.e., can cause cancer). (cdc.gov)
Just like Riverside Grove, benzene was found in Paradise - and researchers want to know how it got there and how communities can properly detect the carcinogen and flush it away once it's found. (eenews.net)
Benzene is classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a carcinogen for humans (Group 1), associated with the development of chronic myeloid leukemia, multiple myeloma, acute myeloid leukemia in children, and lung cancer [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)

Benzene is also present in crude oil and gasoline and cigarette smoke. (cdc.gov)
Industrial discharge, disposal of products containing benzene, and gasoline leaks from underground storage tanks release benzene into water and soil. (cdc.gov)
Exposure of the general population to present in crude oil and gasoline and cigarette benzene mainly occurs through breathing air that smoke. (cdc.gov)
Benzene, a chemical with a slightly sweet odor, evaporates from gasoline and oil, and is used in plastics, pesticides and other products. (publicnewsservice.org)
Benzene is made from coal and petroleum sources and is present in gasoline. (cdc.gov)
Benzene gets into the air from forest fires, car emissions, gasoline vapors, and tobacco smoke. (cdc.gov)
People who work with petroleum products, including gasoline, are exposed to benzene by touching or breathing in the chemical. (cdc.gov)
Consequently, benzene is also found in gasoline, diesel fuel, and engine exhaust, which further increases the presence of benzene near oil and gas development. (i2i.org)
Furthermore, the use of ethanol blends replaced toxic additives in gasoline, such as tetraethyl lead and oil-derived benzene. (scielo.br)

Benzene and Formaldehyde were the key contributing pollutants to cancer risk, and their concentrations and risks were highest in Downtown Chicago and along major highways. (cdc.gov)
Many of the pollutants are harmful to human health, and can even cause death in extreme cases. (texasobserver.org)
The study seeks to address longstanding questions posed by the community as well as advance knowledge more generally regarding the health effects of the pollutants under investigation, and promises to make significant scientific and public health contributions," Savitz says. (buffalo.edu)
The goal is to learn more about how air pollution, including pollutants emitted by the Tonawanda Coke plant, have affected the health of the communities of the City of Tonawanda, the Town of Tonawanda and Grand Island. (buffalo.edu)
Refineries are also major sources of toxic air pollutants, including cancer-causing benzene, particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide. (sightline.org)
Diesel fuel is known to emit pollutants that have a negative impact on environmental and human health. (who.int)

As the official agency of the U.S. Department of Labor tasked with managing occupational safety and health, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) recommended in 1971 that the allowable exposure limit for benzene should be 32.5 mg/m 3 (10 ppm). (biomedcentral.com)
The legal limit for benzene, established in 1987, was based on analytical detection limits at the time that the standard was set. (ewg.org)

Natural sources of benzene, which include gas emissions from volcanoes and forest fires, also contribute to the presence of benzene in the environment. (cdc.gov)
Industrial processes are the main sources of benzene in the environment. (cdc.gov)
Industrial processes are the main sources of benzene account for about 20% of the total national exposure in the environment. (cdc.gov)

The EPA then performs a linear extrapolation (i.e. draws a best-fit line through the data) to estimate a concentration of benzene that will result in 10 additional cancer cases (not to be confused with cancer deaths) per million people exposed. (i2i.org)
To determine the concentration of benzene series (BTEX) compounds, 33 samples were collected from indoor air of Ghalyan cafés (GHC), cigarette cafés (CC) and smoking-free cafés (SFC) in Bushehr city, Iran, and analyzed using gas-chromatography - flame ionization detector (GC-FID). (ac.ir)

Benzene inhalation induced an early onset and a high incidence of leukemias in the p53 deficient C57BL/6 mice. (springer.com)
NATA includes national emissions data from outdoor sources, estimations of ambient exposure concentrations, human exposures, and characterization of public health risk due to inhalation. (cdc.gov)
Attendants are at risk to adverse health effects associated with the inhalation of volatile organic compounds released from these fuels. (who.int)
Due to poor ventilation and high exposure duration, the average benzene concentration over the sampling campaign exceeded the US Environmental Protection Agency's chronic inhalation exposure reference concentration. (who.int)

During her 17-year tenure with the agency, Harwood helped develop OSHA standards to protect employees exposed to bloodborne pathogens, cotton dust, benzene, formaldehyde, asbestos and lead in construction. (osha.gov)

The mean benzene concentrations in a puff ranged from 1 to 2 x 10(5) micrograms/m3 for cigars, RYO cigarette and pipe tobaccos. (nih.gov)
According to the announcement, the article will reveal findings of benzene and other "potentially toxic petroleum hydrocarbons" at concentrations potentially hazardous to human health. (i2i.org)
Government agencies, however, are usually not alarmed by the benzene levels found in our daily lives, because they recognize that the mere presence of a toxin (the fact that a laboratory can physically detect it) does not automatically pose a threat to public health: It is equally important to determine what concentrations can actually do harm. (i2i.org)
In the case of benzene, the EPA uses a 25-year-old study (published in 1987), in which workers were exposed to concentrations of benzene measured in parts per million (ppm)-concentrations literally thousands of times higher than the levels the EPA ultimately tries to estimate. (i2i.org)
However, to provide some context for the results, concentrations of constituents measured in the raw ground water were compared with regulatory and other health-based thresholds established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and California Department of Public Health (CDPH) and thresholds established for aesthetic concerns by CDPH. (usgs.gov)
ii] At several sites, direct-reading instrumentation measurements detected peak benzene concentrations at open hatches exceeding 200 ppm. (cdc.gov)
Dozens of Houston ozone monitors measure high concentrations exceeding the federal 8-hour standard, which EPA has tightened twice since 1997 as scientific data better documents the health effects of ozone. (sierraclub.org)
The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) and other environmental and public health agencies have recommended that exposure-reduction procedures (i.e., provision of alternative water supplies and construction of new water supplies) be implemented when drinking water wells are contaminated with hazardous substances in concentrations that approach or exceed levels potentially associated with adverse health outcomes in humans (2). (cdc.gov)
Using Radiello passive samplers, it was found that benzene concentrations were above recommended international standards. (who.int)

The results suggest that smoking cigars, pipes or RYO cigarettes leads to potential exposures which exceed the No Significant Risk levels of benzene and BaP set pursuant to California's Proposition 65. (nih.gov)
For benzene, the EPA estimates that a 0.001% increase in cancer risk corresponds to exposures of 0.4 parts per billion (ppb) in the air and 10 ppb in drinking water. (i2i.org)
To capture a more complete picture of how various environmental exposures have affected the health of the communities studied, the research will seek to understand the communities' past exposure to chemical pollution through not only coke oven emissions but also through other sources, such as traffic emissions. (buffalo.edu)
We are dedicated to keeping workers and their families safe, healthy, and productive by preventing and reducing health impacts from the effects of changing work environments and exposures. (cuanschutz.edu)
NIOSH exposure assessments included short-term and full-shift personal breathing zone and area air sampling for exposures to benzene and other hydrocarbons using standard methods and analyses listed in the NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods. (cdc.gov)
ii] Real-time, direct reading instruments were also used to characterize peak and short-term exposures to workers and various workplace areas for volatile organic compounds, benzene, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, and flammable/explosive atmospheres. (cdc.gov)
So if you have exposures with an oil spill,' said Miller, 'and you're really worried about the long-term health effects--in kids or women or old people or people with lung conditions--there currently is no federal funding for long-term health research that addresses those issues. (commondreams.org)
This evaluation of estimated exposures to past residents and workers indicated that adverse health effects from drinking and bathing in this water are unlikely. (cdc.gov)

state limits in California, Connecticut, New Jersey, and Florida: 1 ppb European Union: 1 ppb The EPA and California have set public health goals for benzene of 0 ppb and 0.15 ppb. (wikipedia.org)
The EWG Health Guideline of 0.15 ppb for benzene was defined by the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment as a public health goal, the level of a drinking water contaminant that does not pose a significant health risk. (ewg.org)

Deer Park and Galena Park were under shelter-in-place orders for several hours after air quality readings showed elevated levels of benzene. (khou.com)

To protect against cancer risks, California set a public health goal for benzene in drinking water at 0.15 parts per billion, 30 times lower than the federal legal limit of 5 parts per billion. (ewg.org)
Indeed, cessation of any form of tobacco or nicotine-containing product use is currently considered the only guaranteed way to reduce tobacco-related health risks ( IOM, 2001 ). (nationalacademies.org)
A tobacco harm reduction approach also considers strategies that would reduce tobacco-related health risks while assuming continued use of tobacco or nicotine-containing products (i.e., those that reduce risks without reducing prevalence of tobacco use or exposure to nicotine). (nationalacademies.org)
Nevertheless, if e-cigarettes confer lower health risks compared with combustible tobacco cigarettes, encouraging use of this reduced-risk product rather than encouraging complete abstinence only could have public health benefits. (nationalacademies.org)
Besides the chemical risks, other work conditions can be categorized as risks for the health, such as fires, elevated noise, vibrations and the long-standing time required for this job ( Valdivieso, 2015 ). (scirp.org)
The scientific evidence on the short-term and long-term health effects of the use of ESDs and exposure to ESD secondhand aerosol is growing, and the initial findings indicate there are risks associated with both use and exposure. (no-smoke.org)
In other words, the EPA could bring in medical teams with specialized knowledge of the health risks associated with oil spills. (commondreams.org)
Used in manufacturing across industries, for products from birthday cards to building materials, petrochemicals come with numerous physical, chemical, and biological health risks. (mining-technology.com)
Are there any health risks from the smoke? (cdc.gov)

Community advisory committees consisting of residents and community leaders will inform the project, and a scientific advisory committee consisting of national experts with experience in epidemiology and environmental health will provide guidance on scientific matters, including the study methodologies used. (buffalo.edu)
The research team has established a scientific advisory committee consisting of national experts with experience in epidemiology and environmental health. (buffalo.edu)
As reviewed by the scientific advisory committee, the study team at the University at Buffalo is applying a rigorous, objective approach to address potential environmental health effects in the affected community," says David Savitz, PhD, professor of epidemiology in the Brown University School of Public Health and chair of the health study's scientific advisory committee. (buffalo.edu)
That's a problem for researchers like Edward Trapido, associate dean for research and professor of epidemiology at Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, who is overseeing two separate National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) studies related to the Deepwater Horizon spill. (commondreams.org)

Regulation of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the Pacific Rim: perspectives from the APRU Global Health Program. (ukm.my)

Benzene metabolites found in a worker's urine indicate some level of exposure during the work shift. (cdc.gov)

These tobacco products are now required to bear a health hazard warning when sold in California. (nih.gov)
While there are alternatives to using sodium benzoate as a preservative, the casual consumption of such a drink is unlikely to pose a significant health hazard to a particular individual (see, for example, the EPA IRIS document on benzene). (wikipedia.org)
Use of contaminated drinking water poses no apparent health hazard. (cdc.gov)

Benzene, an important component of organic solvents, is commonly used in industry. (biomedcentral.com)

What happens to benzene when it enters the environment? (cdc.gov)

Benzene in soft drinks is of potential concern due to the carcinogenic nature of the molecule. (wikipedia.org)
This contamination is a public health concern and has caused significant outcry among environmental and health advocates. (wikipedia.org)
Bahadar H, Mostafalou S, Abdollahi M (2011) Current understandings and perspectives on non-cancer health effects of benzene: A global concern. (springer.com)
The report stated that, "E-cigarette use among U.S. youth and young adults is now a major public health concern. (no-smoke.org)
Central to that concern is that California sets a benzene limit in water of 1 part per billion, whereas EPA's standard is higher at 5 ppb. (eenews.net)
Benzene contamination of soppy drinks is a public health concern and has induced vital outcry amongst environmental and health advocates. (pohmelya.net)
With benzene being recognised as a major public health concern, it is essential for manufacturers handling petrochemicals to prioritise their workers' safety. (mining-technology.com)
Additionally, the World Health Organisation (WHO) classifies benzene as a major health concern. (mining-technology.com)

Benzene, also known as benzol, is a colorless liquid with a sweet odor. (cdc.gov)

1 Air and Industrial Hygiene Laboratory, California Department of Health Services, Berkeley 94704-9980. (nih.gov)
Riverside Grove is one of three fire-damaged areas in California where benzene has been detected so far in the latest round of historic wildfires, said Dan Newton, the assistant deputy director of California field operations within the Water Resources Control Board's Division of Drinking Water. (eenews.net)
And while states like California have the authority to require expansive testing throughout the distribution system to protect public health, Whelton said that hasn't happened. (eenews.net)

It is one in a series of Public Health Statements about hazardous substances and their health effects. (cdc.gov)
This public health statement tells you about benzene and the effects of exposure to it. (cdc.gov)
Benzene, also known as benzol, is a colorless liquid and the effects of exposure to it. (cdc.gov)
This study aimed to assess the effects of green vegetable cocktail juice (GVCJ) made of carrot, beetroot, celery, and radish on benzene-induced hematologic and immunologic disorders in rats. (springer.com)
Biomonitoring data can also help health scientists plan and conduct research on exposure and health effects. (cdc.gov)
I think the level of evidence that we currently have is enough to invoke the precautionary principal and take precautions to protect the public who live close to oil and gas development against the potential health effects of toxic exposure," said Epstein, whose city sits at the edge of another Texas shale play, the Permian Basin. (publicintegrity.org)
Despite a report from the City of Pearland saying a wind shift would bring the "benzene plume" their way, the NWS said Pearland isn't expected to have any health effects connected to the Deer Park fire. (khou.com)
Section I presents the evidence on known health effects of individual constituents present in e-cigarette liquids and aerosols. (nationalacademies.org)
The plan doesn't prioritize responding to the acute, chronic and long-term medical health of exposed local populations--including prompt screening for baseline signs of disease, which public health experts say is crucial for both proper medical treatment and effective research on human health effects. (commondreams.org)
Shockingly little research exists in the U.S. on the long-term health effects from oil spills. (commondreams.org)
The acute effects of benzene exposure include narcosis (headache, dizziness, drowsiness, tremors, loss of consciousness) as well as eye and skin irritation. (mining-technology.com)
As reporter Sandy Tolan explains, communities of color nearby assert they bear a disproportionate burden of adverse health effects from the resulting smoke and ash pollution. (loe.org)
They cause several harmful effects on human health. (hindawi.com)
The project's website also includes letters from the public reporting health effects from scented consumer products. (eponline.com)
The nature and extent of contamination and possibility of adverse health effects from use of this water are discussed in the Evaluation of Environmental Contamination and Human Exposure section of this document. (cdc.gov)
The BMD is defined as the maximum period that would not could be defined by certain genetic polymor- likelihood estimate of exposure that provides result in adverse health effects phisms as hypersusceptible. (cdc.gov)
As the use of electricity and injuries from it increase, all health professionals involved in burn care must appreciate the physiologic and pathologic effects and management of electric current injury. (medscape.com)

In this study, a risk assessment of BTEX was conducted at a diesel service station for public buses. (who.int)

By 1993, FDA determined that most drinks had little benzene contamination. (wikipedia.org)
In 1993, research showed how benzene can form from benzoic acid in the presence of vitamin C. In the summer of 1998, a number of well known soft drinks manufacturers had to withdraw large quantities of their products from sale after benzene contamination in some production plants was discovered. (wikipedia.org)
If benzene is higher past that point in the system, Whelton said, there's no state or federal requirement to continue testing for contamination. (eenews.net)
Based upon the distance from the contamination to the Haven well, the rate of groundwater movement, and the rate of naturally occurring degradation, it is unlikely that TCE contamination will reach the Haven well at levels that pose a health risk. (cdc.gov)

Benzene levels in the air can be to benzene. (cdc.gov)
The resulting historical sequence has then been compared with the dates when changes in regulatory levels of benzene were proposed by a number of industrial safety committees. (karger.com)
From the analyses, it is clear that the decision of other 'key' committees is more important than the changes in the toxicological database in prompting changes in regulatory levels of benzene. (karger.com)
Benzene levels are regulated in drinking water nationally and internationally, and in bottled water in the United States, but only informally in soft drinks. (wikipedia.org)
In November 2005, the FDA received test results conducted by private citizens that benzene was forming at low levels in several types of beverages. (wikipedia.org)
and benzene standards and permissible exposure levels. (nih.gov)
Lan Q, Zhang L, Li G, et al (2004) Hematotoxicity in workers exposed to low levels of benzene. (springer.com)
HOUSTON, Texas -- Ten U.S. oil refineries, including six in Texas, have released levels of cancer-causing benzene into nearby communities above Environmental Protection Agency limits requiring companies to take action to reduce pollution. (publicnewsservice.org)
Biomonitoring studies on levels of benzene provide physicians and public health officials with reference values so that they can determine whether people have been exposed to higher levels of benzene than are found in the general population. (cdc.gov)
ITC believes the increase in benzene levels was caused by a shifting of the foam in one of the tanks, according to ITC spokeswoman Alice Richardson. (khou.com)
The spokeswoman, who broke down at one point during the news conference, said she can't give an exact timeline on how long the elevated levels of benzene will last. (khou.com)
Harris County Public Health tweeted: "We are diligently monitoring areas where elevated benzene levels were detected this AM. Fortunately, those levels are dropping substantially. (khou.com)
In the aftermath of that fire, the Environmental Protection Agency detected elevated levels of benzene . (npr.org)
We conclude that, the gas station attendants perceive a high exposition to different psychosocial factors at work, which are associated with the presence of high levels of occupational stress, being important to develop further research and interventions that promote the health and wellbeing of this group. (scirp.org)
Workers gauging tanks can be exposed to higher than recommended levels of benzene. (cdc.gov)

Occupational exposure limits can be used to judge the hygienic status of workers in the workplace and form the basis for hygienic supervision in the workplace as an occupational health management tool [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031210-101144 susceptibility information in setting occupational health standards. (cdc.gov)
In this review, we focus primarily on inherited genetic factors and their role in occupational health standard setting. (cdc.gov)
Quantitative risk assessment for environmental and occupational health / W. H. Hallenbeck and K. M. Cunningham. (who.int)

It is more toxic than DDT and was used mainly in public health program. (ispub.com)
Sierra Club's concerns over ExxonMobil's Baytown facilities were due to the enormous volume of air emissions, including toxic substances like benzene, spewing from its ExxonMobil's operations 24/7, 365 days a year. (sierraclub.org)
Div of Health Assessment and Consultation, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. (cdc.gov)

According to animals experiments, epidemiological studies and quantitative risk assessment, the occupational exposure limit of benzene recommended by the scientific expert group to European Union countries should be less than 3.25 mg/m 3 [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The RIAQG reviews the epidemiological, toxicological and exposure research on benzene as well as the conclusions from a number of comprehensive reviews from internationally recognized health and environmental organizations. (canada.ca)

Mchale CM, Zhang L, Smith MT (2012) Current understanding of the mechanism of benzene-induced leukemia in humans: Implications for risk assessment. (springer.com)
Measurements taken near sites that residents identified as problematic in five states found spikes in air toxics such as benzene , which can cause leukemia. (publicintegrity.org)
Benzene, a chemical tied to cancer, leukemia and anemia, was detected in the town's drinking water after 7 miles of plastic water piping was torched in the CZU Lightning Complex Fire south of San Francisco. (eenews.net)

first 5, first 15 and last 15 min of sampling, indicated that benzene content in fresh oil, oil group (condensate/light crude oil) and pour point were significant determinants explaining 63-73% of the total variance in the outcome variables. (uib.no)
Lastly, because benzene has desirable chemical properties, it is also separated from crude oil for use in industrial applications, including-among many other things-use as an additive in fracking fluids. (i2i.org)

Benzene has been found in at least 1,000 of the 1,684 current or former NPL sites. (cdc.gov)
Although the total number of NPL sites evaluated for this substance is not known, the possibility exists that the number of sites at which benzene is found may increase in the future as more sites are evaluated. (cdc.gov)
Benzene is found in air, water, and soil. (cdc.gov)
Benzene is commonly found in the environment. (cdc.gov)
which benzene is found may increase in the future as more sites are evaluated. (cdc.gov)
contain benzene, such as glues, paints, furniture wax, and detergents, can also be a source of Benzene is commonly found in the environment. (cdc.gov)
Taking the worst example found to date of a soft drink containing 87.9 ppb benzene, someone drinking a 350 ml (12 oz) can would ingest 31 μg (micrograms) of benzene, almost equivalent to the benzene inhaled by a motorist refilling a fuel tank for three minutes. (wikipedia.org)
Air: A European study found that people breathe in 220 μg of benzene every day due to general atmospheric pollution. (wikipedia.org)
In 1990, a study reported having found benzene in bottles of Perrier for sale in the United States, resulting in a voluntary product recall. (wikipedia.org)
CDC researchers found benzene present in the blood of the majority of participants. (cdc.gov)
Focusing on benzene will also be helpful in evaluating the CSPH study, because, according to the announcement, benzene was the "the major contributor to lifetime excess cancer risk" found in the study. (i2i.org)
Given the uses above, it should not be surprising that benzene can be found everywhere, not just near oil and gas development. (i2i.org)
In communities devastated by wildfire, benzene has been found as high as 40,000 ppb. (eenews.net)

Benzene evaporates into air very quickly and dissolves slightly in water. (cdc.gov)

1993). However, effectiveness of the implementation exhalation of smoke-fil ed air by the degree to which nonsmokers will of the health policy recommended a smoker, both of which contain notice and respond to SHS exposure by the WHO Framework Convention known human carcinogens (IARC, is related to the age of the exposed for Tobacco Control (FCTC). (who.int)

ATSDR solicits and responds to health concerns expressed by members of the community. (cdc.gov)

In addition to the mixture originally injected, returning process fluids can contain a number of naturally occurring materials originating from within the earth, including hydrocarbons such as benzene . (cdc.gov)

Emissions from petroleum processing, hazardous waste landfills and underground storage tanks contaminate drinking water with benzene. (ewg.org)

iii] The International Agency for Cancer Research and the EPA have also determined that benzene is carcinogenic to humans. (cdc.gov)

On November 2, 1977, Chemical Week reported that Maltoni provided a "bombshell" when he demonstrated the "first direct link" between benzene and cancer. (nih.gov)
Benzene is considered to be a cancer-causing chemical. (cdc.gov)
This health guideline protects against cancer. (ewg.org)
This limit may not fully protect against the risk of cancer due to benzene exposure. (ewg.org)
Lifetime cancer risk estimation showed that on average there is a 3.78 x 10-4 cancer risk, corresponding to an average chronic daily intake of 1.38 x 10-3 mg/kg/day of benzene exposure. (who.int)
IARC strongly rejects the premise of the article published on 28 February 2018 by Reuters (WHO cancer agency "left out key findings" in benzene review). (who.int)

Today, benzene is made mostly from petroleum. (cdc.gov)

Workers in several industrial processes may be exposed to benzene fumes,with leukaemia being a possible adverse health effect. (karger.com)
The adverse health consequences of combustible tobacco use have been documented extensively ( HHS, 2014 ), and a major goal of tobacco control efforts is to reduce their health burden ( Healthy People 2020, 2017 ). (nationalacademies.org)
A few examples illustrate how Washington refineries regularly exceed air pollution regulations, contributing even more to adverse health impacts to Washington residents living nearby. (sightline.org)

The decontamination program for HCH polluted soils would diminish the risk posed by HCH residues to human, plant and animal health. (ispub.com)
No company can be allowed to disrupt lives and put public health and safety at risk. (npr.org)
This group of workers has as main activities, the reception and dispatching of fuels, along with the attention to clients, working under conditions that represent a risk for health in different areas. (scirp.org)
Source Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment among Specific Age Groups During Haze and Non-Haze Episodes in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. (ukm.my)
BTEXs in Indoor and Outdoor Air Samples: Source Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment of Benzene. (ukm.my)
Studies show that people living within 10 miles of a refinery are at higher risk of developing a wide range of health issues, including asthma, cancers, neurological and cardiovascular damage, and blood disorders. (sightline.org)
Many of these characteristics can represent a considerable risk to the health of workers. (mining-technology.com)
The training grants are named in honor of the late Susan Harwood, a former director of the Office of Risk Assessment in OSHA¿s health standards directorate, who died in 1996. (osha.gov)
Health Administration's (OSHA) health stan- response data and provides a method to develop the probability of an dards have not been developed with explicit risk-based exposure limits (33). (cdc.gov)

citation needed] The proposed mechanism begins with hydrogen abstraction by the hydroxyl radical, which itself is produced by the Cu2+-catalysed reduction of dioxygen by ascorbic acid: Other factors that affect the formation of benzene are heat and light. (wikipedia.org)
Mechanism of Benzene-Induced Hematotoxicity and Leukemogenicity: Current Review with Implication of Microarray Analyse. (springer.com)

According to the toxicology profile provided by the US Department of Health and Human Services, "Benzene is ubiquitous in the atmosphere. (i2i.org)

Tobacco smoke is another source of benzene in air, particularly indoors. (cdc.gov)
Although tobacco harm reduction strategies could support smoking reduction, the health benefits of doing so remain unclear. (nationalacademies.org)

Asked by In These Times to comment on the medical and scientific gaps in its plan, the EPA replied in a statement: 'An On-Scene Coordinator leading and/or supporting an oil spill response can access assets such as those available through HHS [Health and Human Services] and its agencies, including the Centers for Disease Control, U.S. Public Health Service, and Disaster Medical Assistance Team. (commondreams.org)
A working group of 25 representatives from major academic medical centers and research, government, military, public health and emergency management institutions and agencies developed consensus-based recommendations for measures to be taken by medical and public health professionals following the use of tularemia as a biological weapon against a civilian population. (cdc.gov)

vii] Task-based personal breathing zone samples for benzene collected during tank gauging on flowback tanks exceeded the NIOSH short-term exposure limit (STEL) for benzene (1 ppm as a 15-minute TWA). (cdc.gov)

Most people can begin to smell identifies the most serious hazardous waste sites in benzene in air at approximately 60 parts of benzene the nation. (cdc.gov)

Benzene is highly flammable. (cdc.gov)

So we conducted a meta-analysis, and to explore the influence of low concentration benzene exposure on workers' genetic damage indicators using 3.25 mg/m 3 as the boundary value, in order to provide a basis for improved prevention and control of the harm from benzene exposure to the occupational population. (biomedcentral.com)
We conducted biological monitoring by collecting pre- and post-shift urine samples from flowback workers to evaluate exposure to benzene. (cdc.gov)
The average full-shift time-weighted average (TWA) personal breathing zone benzene exposure (± 1 standard deviation) for workers gauging flowback or production tanks (n=17) was 0.25 ± 0.16 parts per million (ppm). (cdc.gov)

Various authorities have set limits on benzene content in drinking water. (wikipedia.org)

This Public Health Statement is the summary chapter from the Toxicological Profile for Benzene . (cdc.gov)

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs18

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment19

Psychiatry and Psychology11

Phenomena and Processes3

Disciplines and Occupations11

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena37

Technology, Industry, Agriculture5

Humanities6

Information Science8

Named Groups4

Health Care149

Geographicals8

Elevated by emissi1

Toluene10

Amount of benzene5

Demonstrated that benzene is carcinogenic1

Chemicals23

Carcinogen10

Gasoline9

Pollutants6

Limit for benzene2

Sources of benzene3

Concentration of benzene2

Inhalation4

Formaldehyde1

Concentrations9

Exposures8

0.15 ppb2

Showed elevated levels1

Risks9

Epidemiology4

Particulate matter1

Metabolites1

Hazard3

Organic solvents1

Enters the environment1

Concern8

Sweet odor1

California3

Effects17

BTEX1

Contamination4

Levels15

Occupational health4

Toxic3

Epidemiological2

Leukemia3

Crude oil2

Found13

Evaporates1

Carcinogens1

ATSDR1

Hydrocarbons1

Underground stora1

Humans1

Cancer6

Petroleum1

Adverse health3

Risk9

Mechanism2

DEPARTMENT of HEALT1

Tobacco2

Centers2

Exposure limit1

Hazardous1

Flammable1

Workers3

Limits1

Toxicological1