MortalityEpidemiologyCenters for DiseasEncephalitisPathogensMosquitoesVirusesChikungunyaZikaAcuteInflammationVaccinesCapsidAtypicalVectorCytokineTicksImmunologyHumansInfectiousStructural2023Immune responseAbstractStrainsGenomicArboviralParasiteManifestationsAssayImmunityHepatitisOutbreaksCentreUnderstoodEnhancementFeverSevere diseaseResponsesAlphavirusesCellularMiceEfficacyClinical2019SeverityMurinePersistentStudyIllnessFlaviviridaeMechanismsSurveillanceVirologyVirus infectionTherapeuticLower respiGeneticGenesProgressionNeurologicalIdentifyDeficiencyTransmission
Mortality5
- Studies exploring the role of CXCL10 on infection by West Nile Virus - closely related to Ilheus virus - showed that neutralization or congenital deficiency in CXCL10 results in higher viral titers in the brain and increase in morbidity and mortality, with reduced infiltration of TCD8+ CXCR3+ cells, important for elimination of West Nile Virus from infected neurons, into the CNS. (fapesp.br)
- This group of viruses have been known to cause significant morbidity and mortality around the world, with the potential to spread quickly and expand their geographical range due to their distinct mode of transmission using arthropods. (encyclopedia.pub)
- Most alphaviruses cause nonspecific acute febrile illness, with pathogenesis sometimes leading to either encephalitis or arthralgic manifestations with severe and chronic morbidity and occasional mortality. (cdc.gov)
- Although mortality is less but the suffering from the disease is too much, even it may continue for several months. (actascientific.com)
- Still, morbidity and mortality are less than Mycoplasma-Associated Steven Johnson's Syndrome (MASJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN). (peertechzpublications.org)
Epidemiology5
- However, ILHV biology, epidemiology and disease pathogenesis are poorly understood. (fapesp.br)
- This report summarizes the epidemiology of and risks for infection with TBE virus, provides information on the immunogenicity and safety of TBE vaccine, and summarizes the recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) for use of TBE vaccine among U.S. travelers and laboratory workers. (cdc.gov)
- Application of decision making tools, particularly mathematical models for forecasting the trend of infection/disease and predicting the long term impact of intervention and selection of appropriate site specific strategy and duration of intervention(s) (Statistical /Mathematical models, economic evaluations, rapid assessment procedures and mapping, sampling protocols, algorithms for morbidity management, molecular epidemiology, DNA fingerprinting for exposure studies). (icmr.nic.in)
- His research programme follows an integrated "viroscience" concept, bringing together world-leading scientists in molecular virology, immunology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, and intervention studies for human and animal virus infections. (eswiconference.org)
- I was also involved in other projects regarding SARS-CoV-2 variants and disease severity in infants (DOI 10.3389/fmed.2022.896352), Rift Valley fever virus epidemiology in humans and animals in Kenya (DOI 10.1371/journal.pgph.0000505), and dengue virus evolution in Africa (ongoing Ph.D. candidate mentorship). (stanford.edu)
Centers for Diseas4
- Immediately report all suspected or confirmed cases of YF to local and state health departments, which then report immediately to the Division of Global Migration and Quarantine (1-404-498-1600) or Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases (1-970-221-6400), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (medscape.com)
- The 2012 WNV season in the United States saw a massive spike in the number of neuroinvasive cases and deaths similar to what was seen in the 2002-2003 season, according to the West Nile virus disease cases and deaths reported to the CDC by year and clinical presentation, 1999-2012, by ArboNET (Arboviral Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). (mdpi.com)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
- Image courtesy of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO). (medscape.com)
Encephalitis4
- We compared the amount of Venezuelan arbovirus transmission and concluded that allowing mos- equine encephalitis virus collected from the saliva of Aedes quitoes to feed on serum (similar to the capillary method) taeniorhynchus to the amount injected into a mouse during is less efficient in detecting virus than other methods. (cdc.gov)
- Although few cases of ILHV-associated disease in humans are described, infection has been associated with the occurrence of severe neurological disease, such as encephalitis, similar to flaviviruses such as Saint Louis Encephalitis virus (SLEV) and Rocio virus (ROCV). (fapesp.br)
- Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the leading cause of viral encephalitis in Asia. (biomedcentral.com)
- Viral encephalitis caused by multiple emerging and re-emerging viruses is characterized by overwhelming inflammation in the brain [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Pathogens4
- Vector saliva enhances infection with many pathogens virus delivered in mosquito saliva. (cdc.gov)
- They serve as the first line of defense against incoming pathogens, quickly mobilizing to the site of infection [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
- However, further work with these prototypes and other alphavirus pathogens should target better understanding of human tropism and pathogenesis, more comprehensive identification of cellular receptors and entry, and better understanding of structural mechanisms of neutralization. (cdc.gov)
- Diarrhoeal Diseases to monitor changing spectrum of enteric pathogens and to identify newer pathogens. (icmr.nic.in)
Mosquitoes5
- Quantifying the dose of an arbovirus transmitted by diately after mosquito feeding, virus salivated into blood mosquitoes is essential for designing pathogenesis studies agar, and virus salivated into fluids such as oil. (cdc.gov)
- Background: Assessing the potential for mosquitoes to transmit medically important arboviruses is essential for understanding their threat to human populations. (cdc.gov)
- Uninfected female mosquitoes bite infected hosts, providing for viral amplification. (medscape.com)
- In 1990, we have reported the isolation of a Sindbis-like virus from a pool of Anopheles mosquitoes collected in Xinjiang, China during an arbovirus survey. (biomedcentral.com)
- Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) is a viral disease transmitted by mainly two species of mosquitoes - Aedes aegypti and A. albopictus . (actascientific.com)
Viruses7
- Arboviruses ("arthropod-borne viruses") are a global health issue. (fapesp.br)
- The ability of their vector to enhance viral pathogenesis and transmission makes the development of treatments against these viruses challenging. (encyclopedia.pub)
- Arthropod-borne viruses or arboviruses have a unique effect on neutrophil function since viral factors as well as vector factors can affect the activity of these cells. (encyclopedia.pub)
- Arteriviruses are RNA viruses related to coronaviruses but have not yet been associated with human infection. (bvsalud.org)
- The influenza viruses are the most common viral cause of pneumonia. (medscape.com)
- Among his major accomplishments are the discovery of more than 70 new viruses of humans and animals (e.g. human metapneumovirus, coronaviruses, influenza viruses), elucidation of the pathogenesis of major human and animal virus infections, and development of novel intervention strategies. (eswiconference.org)
- The potential for vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 to be associated with disease enhancement is of theoretical concern, given similar observations with other respiratory viruses in general, and in animal models of highly pathogenic coronaviruses in particular [14] . (cov19longhaulfoundation.org)
Chikungunya7
- Chikungunya is an infection caused by the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). (wikipedia.org)
- Newborns are susceptible to particularly severe effects of Chikungunya infection. (wikipedia.org)
- Public health agencies and populations in tropical regions have been alarmed by the emergence of arboviruses such as Chikungunya and Zika, which were associated with epidemics and significant human suffering in recent years. (fapesp.br)
- Most of these are zoonotic, with spillover infections of humans and domestic animals, but a few such as chikungunya virus (CHIKV) have the ability to use humans as amplification hosts for transmission in urban settings and explosive outbreaks. (cdc.gov)
- Chikungunya fever, a re-emerging viral disease affecting both old and new world countries is caused by Chikungunya virus, an RNA virus belonging to Alphaviridae. (actascientific.com)
- The name chikungunya means "that which bends up" or "to become controlled"- due to bend down appearance following arthritis, which occurs in this disease [2]. (actascientific.com)
- Following this in successive years Chikungunya-like disease was observed in St. Thomas Island, New Orleans and part of South Carolina of the United States in 1827 to 1828 [7]. (actascientific.com)
Zika1
- Travel Grant: 16th International Course on Dengue, Zika, and other Emergent Arboviruses. (stanford.edu)
Acute3
- TBE virus can cause acute neurologic disease, which usually results in hospitalization, often permanent neurologic or cognitive sequelae, and sometimes death. (cdc.gov)
- The most recognized clinical manifestation of TBE virus infection is acute neurologic disease, which usually results in hospitalization, often permanent neurologic or cognitive sequelae, and sometimes death. (cdc.gov)
- In addition, we review current insights into how the UPR is involved in viral infection at mucosal barriers and potential therapeutic strategies that restore epithelial cell integrity following acute viral infections via cytokine and cellular stress manipulation. (distantreader.org)
Inflammation5
- the other half have severe disease with inflammation of the brain and seizures. (wikipedia.org)
- Neutrophils are generally the first leukocytes to be recruited to a site of infection, playing a major role in regulating inflammation and, as a result, viral replication and dissemination. (encyclopedia.pub)
- However, the underlying mechanisms through which neutrophils control the progression of inflammation and disease remain to be fully understood. (encyclopedia.pub)
- Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated to have a therapeutic effect on many central nervous system (CNS) diseases by regulating inflammation and other mechanisms. (biomedcentral.com)
- It is increasingly recognised that the evolutionary conserved UPR signalling has an important role in mucosal inflammation and infection. (distantreader.org)
Vaccines1
- Diagnoses and treatments for these infections are still limited and prophylaxis through vaccines is still far from being achieved. (ufg.br)
Capsid2
- The single RNA is complexed with a capsid protein. (medscape.com)
- The 3' one-third is initially translated as a polyprotein (NH2-C-E3-E2-6K-E1-COOH) that is processed posttranslationally to produce the structural proteins (SPs) (capsid, El and E2). (biomedcentral.com)
Atypical1
- For the first time, the atypical strains BTV-25-GER2018 and BTV-33-MNG3/2016 as well as the re-emerged classical strain BTV-8-GER2018 were evaluated comparatively in a pathogenesis study in goats-the natural host of atypical BTV. (mdpi.com)
Vector2
Cytokine1
- The cytokine CXCL10 (or interferon-³ induced protein 10, "IP-10") has been described as a potential treatment target in infectious diseases for its pro-inflammatory properties, especially regarding CXCR3-expressing cells. (fapesp.br)
Ticks1
- ACIP recommends TBE vaccine for U.S. persons who are moving or traveling to an area where the disease is endemic and will have extensive exposure to ticks based on their planned outdoor activities and itinerary. (cdc.gov)
Immunology2
- in Immunology and Infectious diseases, Ph.D. in Microbiology. (stanford.edu)
- Hasnain, Sumaira Z title: Immune regulation of the unfolded protein response at the mucosal barrier in viral infection date: 2018-04-03 journal: Clin Transl Immunology DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1014 sha: 6a80b22e84d2692545c6f11d7cb4c96602a25c39 doc_id: 3122 cord_uid: 07dlf3zw Protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is subject to stringent quality control. (distantreader.org)
Humans3
- The North American lineages of WNV were characterized by the presence of neuroinvasive and neurovirulent strains causing disease and death in humans, birds and horses. (mdpi.com)
- Due to the relative difficulty and risk of handling these dangerous pathogenic alphaviruses, Sindbis virus (SINV), that normally causes a mild rash and arthritis in humans but can cause fatal encephalomyelitis in mice, has been used extensively as a model system for the study of the infectivity and pathogenesis of alphaviruses. (biomedcentral.com)
- This work deals with a systematic review of the intrinsic mechanisms used by humans to fight fungal infections, focusing on chitinases, discussing the main enzymes and gene polymorphism with them involved. (ufg.br)
Infectious6
- I have a Ph.D. in Microbiology, with an emphasis in Virology, and a Master's in Infectious Diseases. (stanford.edu)
- The natural history of coronavirus infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), is yet to be fully described. (cov19longhaulfoundation.org)
- Clinicians working in urban hospitals or near points of international arrival must be familiar with diseases commonly acquired abroad as well as uncommon but potentially serious conditions such as emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. (cambridge.org)
- 2 Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore. (jci.org)
- 5 Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore. (jci.org)
- For effectively fighting worldwide infectious diseases such as cutaneous leishmaniasis, novel approaches are required. (peertechzpublications.org)
Structural3
- Structural studies of cell transition in pathogenesis of mycobacterial diseases. (icmr.nic.in)
- In infected cells, the virion structural proteins are translated from a subgenomic mRNA (26S RNA) and produced by transcription of genome-length complementary (minus) strand from a highly active subgenomic promoter [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- There are three structural (C, E1, E2) and four non structural proteins in CHIKV [2]. (actascientific.com)
20231
- Neutrophils during Arboviral Infections" Encyclopedia , https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/11625 (accessed December 10, 2023). (encyclopedia.pub)
Immune response3
- In an immune response, viral neutralizing antibodies are present by the end of the first week, and the virus is rapidly cleared. (medscape.com)
- The role of immune response in pathogenesis has not yet been established. (medscape.com)
- Convalescent plasma transfusion consists of passively administered polyclonal antibodies, which generate an immediate immune response and decrease viral load. (bvsalud.org)
Abstract2
- ABSTRACT Chagas disease (CD) is a neglected tropical disease associated with poverty in which patients are surrounded by stigma. (scielo.br)
- ABSTRACT Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has shown endemic pattern and epidemic episodes in urban and rural areas, however, there are still gaps in knowledge with regards to disease transmission. (scielo.br)
Strains1
- Viral strains from South America are closely related to those from West Africa. (medscape.com)
Genomic1
- Using disease modeling, epidemiological, and phylogenetic analysis, we study the genomic evolution and transmission dynamics of H5N1 avian influenza A after 2020. (stanford.edu)
Arboviral3
- In this review, we highlight the major findings from recent years regarding the role of neutrophils during arboviral infections. (encyclopedia.pub)
- Better understanding of neutrophil pathways involved in effective protection against arboviral infections can help identify potential targets for therapeutics. (encyclopedia.pub)
- In this review, we highlight the recent advancements in understanding the beneficial and detrimental nature of neutrophils during arboviral infections. (encyclopedia.pub)
Parasite1
- IRE1b may also be associated with RIDD, 3 which is closely related to intracellular parasite infections and anti-viral responses at mucosal surface. (distantreader.org)
Manifestations1
- We reported a case of a young adult admitted with pneumonia and rapidly developed severe mucositis without skin manifestations, which has increased his morbidity and recovery time. (peertechzpublications.org)
Assay1
- Mosquito saliva was collected using either blotting paper pads or traditional glass capillaries to assay viral transmission. (cdc.gov)
Immunity1
- At this time, the pathogenesis, host responses and immunity to SARS-CoV-2 are still being evaluated and are not fully understood. (cov19longhaulfoundation.org)
Hepatitis1
- BACKGROUND: Late relapsing hepatitis after yellow fever (LHep-YF) during the convalescent phase of the disease has been described during recent yellow fever (YF) outbreaks in Brazil. (stanford.edu)
Outbreaks2
- While the disease typically occurs in Africa and Asia, outbreaks have been reported in Europe and the Americas since the 2000s. (wikipedia.org)
- This has enabled health authorities like the WHO to effectively combat disease outbreaks like SARS and avian influenza. (eswiconference.org)
Centre1
- 3 Viral Research and Experimental Medicine Centre, SingHealth-Duke NUS (ViREMiCS), Singapore. (jci.org)
Understood1
- However, the role of these cells during viral infection is not yet fully understood [ 16 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Enhancement2
- In order to recognize vaccine associated disease enhancement, it is therefore necessary to have a clear understanding of the clinical presentation and usual course of the natural disease. (cov19longhaulfoundation.org)
- The UPR activation involves three major downstream effects including reduction in protein synthesis to reduce ER load, enhancement of ER protein folding capacity and upregulation of ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). (distantreader.org)
Fever2
- Signs of infection typically begin with fever, rash, and swelling in the extremities. (wikipedia.org)
- Yellow fever (YF) is a mosquito-borne infection that is caused by the YF virus and is endemic to Africa and South America. (medscape.com)
Severe disease1
- The very young, old, and those with other health problems are at risk of more severe disease. (wikipedia.org)
Responses1
- Given that these enhanced responses are triggered by failed attempts to control the infecting virus, VAED typically presents with symptoms related to the target organ of the infection pathogen. (cov19longhaulfoundation.org)
Alphaviruses1
- Infection with alphaviruses is common in the Chinese population. (biomedcentral.com)
Cellular2
- We have also confirmed the essential role of E2 glycoprotein, especially the domain of 145-150 (amino acid) aa, in SINV infection through the interaction with cellular heparan sulfate (HS). (biomedcentral.com)
- Aggregated misfolded proteins in the ER cause cellular stress, which if unresolved can lead to cell death. (distantreader.org)
Mice3
- Expression of the murine homolog (mCD163) in otherwise mCD163-negative cell lines from mice and nonhuman primates enables productive LDV infection, creating the first immortalized cell-culture system. (bvsalud.org)
- We also show that mCD163-knockout mice are completely resistant to LDV infection. (bvsalud.org)
- In vivo, 8- to 10-week-old mice were infected intraperitoneally with JEV and syngeneic bone marrow MSCs were administered through the caudal vein at 1 and 3 days post-infection. (biomedcentral.com)
Efficacy1
- Their efficacy in patients with influenza viral pneumonia or severe influenza is unknown. (medscape.com)
Clinical1
- Vaccine-associated enhanced diseases (VAED) are modified presentations of clinical infections affecting individuals exposed to a wild-type pathogen after having received a prior vaccination for the same pathogen [1] . (cov19longhaulfoundation.org)
20191
- This investigation examined available travel history of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases reported in the U.S. in whom laboratory testing showed one of these initial VOCs. (cdc.gov)
Severity1
- Improvements in HRQoL after hospital discharge are independent of imaging improvement, and there seems to be no association between HRQoL after hospital discharge and disease severity on hospital admission. (scielo.br)
Murine1
- Deletion of either gene (GBAA0552 or GBAA1340) resulted in attenuation in a murine model of infection. (omictools.com)
Persistent1
- Diagnosing these infections is challenging, due to low parasitemia levels during persistent infections and cross-reactivity. (mdpi.com)
Study3
- Three dimensional study of mycobacterial granuloma to understand disease process. (icmr.nic.in)
- Two genes encoding putative internalin proteins were chosen for further study. (omictools.com)
- Individuals who reported a SARS-CoV-2 infection before or during the study had higher anti-RBD IgA and IgG production. (ufg.br)
Illness1
- Depending on the virulence of the organism, as well as the age and comorbidities of the patient, viral pneumonia can vary from a mild, self-limited illness to a life-threatening disease. (medscape.com)
Flaviviridae1
- YF virus, an arbovirus, is the type species for the family Flaviviridae and is a single, positive-stranded, enveloped RNA virus. (medscape.com)
Mechanisms1
- ER stress and activation of the UPR are natural mechanisms by which mucosal epithelial cells combat viral infections. (distantreader.org)
Surveillance2
- Development of tools for disease surveillance. (icmr.nic.in)
- Studies on rotavirus surveillance on disease burden. (icmr.nic.in)
Virology1
- These findings advance LDV as a model of arterivirus infection and viral persistence while adding to a growing body of literature suggesting that CD163 utilization is a broad feature of arteriviruses.IMPORTANCEMouse models of viral infection play an especially large role in virology. (bvsalud.org)
Virus infection2
- TBE virus infection is a risk for certain travelers and for laboratory workers who work with the virus. (cdc.gov)
- Influenza pneumonia: Amantadine hydrochloride and rimantadine hydrochloride are approved for the prevention and treatment of influenza A virus infection. (medscape.com)
Therapeutic1
- Our hypothesis is that CXCL10 may play a similar role in the pathogenesis of flavivirus infections in general and thus can be investigated as a possible innovative therapeutic target for this class of diseases. (fapesp.br)
Lower respi1
- Vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory (VAERD) disease refers to disease with predominant involvement of the lower respiratory tract. (cov19longhaulfoundation.org)
Genetic1
- Developing predictive models of multi-protein genetic systems to understand and optimize their behavior remains a combinatorial challenge, particularly when measurement throughput is limited. (omictools.com)
Genes1
- This spliced form of XBP1 then translates into a transcription factor, which further translocates into the nucleus where it induces expression of a wide variety of genes including ER-associated chaperones and protein folding enzymes to increase ER size and folding capacity. (distantreader.org)
Progression3
- Studies on dynamics of disease progression for disease management. (icmr.nic.in)
- Investigations on the relationship between hormone levels and progression of disease in women. (icmr.nic.in)
- As a disease-associated progression, the years accessed with the other participants should minimize devoted. (plywoodskyscraper.com)
Neurological1
- It has been reported that transplantation of MSCs can upregulate the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF), and can improve neurological recovery in many CNS diseases [ 20 - 23 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Identify1
- Identify immunological parameters for pathogenesis, progress and therapy in infection. (icmr.nic.in)
Deficiency1
- The duplication of 24 bp in exon 10 of the gene that expresses QT results in a protein with enzyme deficiency. (ufg.br)
Transmission1
- The amount of several arboviruses transmitted by mos- sents the low end of the in vivo transmission range. (cdc.gov)