Proteins histone gene rearrangement. Medical search. Frequent questions

Our study explores the possibility that regulation of histone methylation by hPaf1 can contribute towards alteration in gene expression by nucleosomal rearrangement. (nebraska.edu)

HMGA2 does not directly promote or inhibit the transcription of any genes, but alters the structure of DNA and promotes the assembly of protein complexes that do regulate the transcription of genes. (wikipedia.org)
Both genes are highly conserved, and their proteins are thought to have 2 functions: (1) formation of a bridge or scaffold between the DNA-binding transcription factors and the RNA polymerase II complex and (2) serving as histone acetyltransferases that open the chromatin structure, a process essential for gene expression. (medscape.com)
Some of the human endogenous retroviruses called long terminal repeats (or LTRs, a particular kind of retrotrasnposons , genetic elements of viral origin that are able to transpose to different genome loci) act as promoters for DNA transcription of the nearby genes. (blogspot.com)
Genome-wide studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae , for example, have revealed that promoters of most actively transcribed genes are depleted of nucleosomes and that histone density is inversely proportional to the transcription rate within coding regions, suggesting that nucleosomes are dynamically disassembled and reassembled at each passage of the polymerase ( 16 ). (asm.org)
Protein signatures associated with nuclear CK2 complexes reveal enrichment of apparently unique transcription factors and chromatin remodelers during progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle. (bvsalud.org)
Change in gene expression associated with pancreatic cancer could be attributed to the variation in histone posttranslational modifications leading to subsequent remodeling of the chromatin template during transcription. (nebraska.edu)
Majority of the affected genes identified in the study cohort are involved in synaptic formation, transcription and its regulation, ubiquitination and chromatin remodeling. (biomedcentral.com)
methylates H3, including histones in the HOX area for allowing chromatin to be open to transcription. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
7) A mutation that inactivates the regulatory gene of a repressible operon in an E. coli cell would result in A) continuous transcription of the structural gene controlled by that regulator. (easynotecards.com)
B) complete inhibition of transcription of the structural gene controlled by that regulator. (easynotecards.com)
receptors with enzymes facilitate between 15 and 60 transcription of proposed sIL6R and enter directly a genome of this into the protein( Berge et al. (erik-mill.de)
Of the 31 genes, the 21 upregulated genes were primarily associated with cell paracrine and intracellular signaling, transcription regulation and cell adhesion and migration, and their transcriptional products included transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 and transcriptional factor AP-2α/γ ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Within the field of Hematopoietic Stem Cells one trainee explored the impact of SGF29, a protein that recognizes methylated histones and modulates transcription, in leukemic cancer stem cells. (ca.gov)
The histone variant mH2A1.1 interferes with transcription by down-regulating PARP-1 enzymatic activity. (nature.com)
These events are dependent on the proper levels of transcription and translation of certain genes. (cancerquest.org)
Changes in gene expression occur through alterations in transcription factor binding sites, alternative splicing patterns, and epigenetic changes to DNA and histones. (nrrv.se)
Cyclin D1 therefore regulates transcription in the chromatin level by interacting with histone deacetylases and various transcription factors to regulate genes that contribute to differentiation and proliferation [4]. (healthyguide.info)
Interestingly Ctcf is definitely a zinc finger DNA binding protein that regulates transcription governs enhancer function and is involved in sister chromatid cohesion. (healthyguide.info)
Contributing to the interest of the present topic is the fact that modulation of gene activity involves the sensing of intra- and inter-cellular conditions, DNA binding and DNA dynamics, and interaction with the replication/transcription machinery of the cell. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

Chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing profiling demonstrated recruitment of CK2α to active gene loci, more abundantly in late G1 phase than in early G1, notably at transcriptional start sites of core histone genes, growth stimulus-associated genes, and ribosomal RNAs. (bvsalud.org)
The core histone proteins contain a characteristic structural motif termed the "histone fold" which consists of three alpha-helices (α1-3) separated by two loops (L1-2). (wikidoc.org)

Homologous proteins with highly conserved sequences are found in other mammalian species, including lab mice (Mus musculus). (wikipedia.org)
Oxr1p belongs to the group of TLDc domain containing proteins that are highly conserved in higher eukaryotes. (upstate.edu)

In an older post I described how DNA is arranged inside the nucleus and how changes in chromatin (the "yarn" of DNA and other proteins like histone complexes) can affect gene expression. (blogspot.com)
Our findings reveal that nuclear CK2α complexes may be essential to facilitate progression of the cell cycle, by activating histone genes and triggering ribosomal biogenesis, specified in association with nuclear and nucleolar transcriptional regulators. (bvsalud.org)
The super-structure of chromatin is regulated by ring-shaped, ATP-dependent molecular motors belonging to the SMC family of protein complexes. (imperial.ac.uk)
Proteome-wide identification of poly(ADP-ribose) binding proteins and poly(ADP-ribose)-associated protein complexes. (nature.com)
3409. V.C. Cordes, H.R. Rackwitz, S. Reidenbach, 'Mediators of nuclear protein import target karyophilic proteins to pore complexes of cytoplasmic annulate lamellae,' Exp. (nanomedicine.com)
Resection is accompanied by the binding of replication protein A (RPA) to the 3' single-stranded overhangs, which helps recruiting the checkpoint complexes. (cea.fr)

NUP214 promote the condensation of mixed lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1), a histone methyltransferase essential for the maintenance of HOX gene expression. (bvsalud.org)
Interestingly, hPaf1/PD2 colocalizes with MLL1 (Mixed Lineage Leukemia 1), a histone methyltransferase that methylates H3K4 residues. (nebraska.edu)
Here, we report that expression is epigenetically regulated by DNA methyltransferase\3A\mediated DNA methylation and methyl CpG binding protein\2\mediated histone deacetylation. (thetechnoant.info)

Moreover, these long noncoding RNAs were transcriptionally regulated by epigenetic modification, including DNA methylation and histone methylation modification. (cancerindex.org)
Otherwise, the impact of chromatin remodeling, i.e. the dynamic modification of chromatin architecture to allow the regulatory proteins access to genomic DNA, on gene expression in T. reesei has received hardly any attention so far. (tuwien.at)
Genes involved in histone modification are frequently mutated in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. (ladydavis.ca)
We are also interested in gene targeting methods and in figuring out why these types of gene replacement and modification are quite inefficient, even in yeast. (brandeis.edu)
Analogous to DNA methylation and histone modification, RNA modification, as another epigenetic layer, plays an important role in many diseases, especially in tumours. (biomedcentral.com)
Although the full scope of epigenetics has not yet been determined, it is generally defined as chemical modification that mainly includes DNA and RNA methylation, histone modification, noncoding RNA modification and chromatin rearrangement. (biomedcentral.com)
In epigenetic modification, DNA methylation and histone modification have been well studied. (biomedcentral.com)
Although phosphorylation of H2A represents a major histone modification that functions in DNA repair, a growing body of literature has implicated additional histone modifications. (cea.fr)
It seems now clear that posttranslational modification of both DNA repair and checkpoint proteins is of importance for the regulation of their activities but how these modifications are regulated and how they affect the activity of the proteins only begins to be described. (cea.fr)

Cohesin regulates gene expression through context-specific chromatin folding mechanisms such as enhancer-promoter looping and topologically associating domain (TAD) formation by cooperating with factors such as cohesin loaders and the insulation factor CTCF. (bvsalud.org)
Overall, our results suggest that hPaf1/PD2 in association with MLL1 regulates methylation of H3K4 residues, as well as interacts and regulates nuclear shuttling of chromatin remodeling protein CHD1, facilitating its function in pancreatic cancer cells. (nebraska.edu)
For example, alkaline vacuole/lysosome are deficient in autophagy, Golgi pH regulates its ability to glycosylate proteins and failure to maintain endosomal pH perturbs with its ability to recycle receptors to the Plasma membrane or, the trans-Golgi. (upstate.edu)

Significant advances have been achieved in recent years in the study of methylated drugs, such as demethylation drugs Decitabine and Azacitidine and histone deacetylase inhibitor Sedamine, which provides additional strategies for treatment of clinical diseases [ 2 , 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The long-term undifferentiation of molluscan sex chromosomes is potentially sustained by the unexpected intertwined regulation of reversible sex-biased genes, together with the lack of sexual dimorphism and occasional sex chromosome turnover. (nature.com)
Identifying genes on each chromosome is an active area of genetic research. (medlineplus.gov)
Because researchers use different approaches to predict the number of genes on each chromosome, the estimated number of genes varies. (medlineplus.gov)
Chromosome 9 likely contains 800 to 900 genes that provide instructions for making proteins. (medlineplus.gov)
People with a 9q22.3 microdeletion are missing two to more than 270 genes on chromosome 9. (medlineplus.gov)
Research shows that several genes that control cell growth and division are located on chromosome 9. (medlineplus.gov)
The translocation involved in this condition, written as t(9;22), fuses part of the ABL1 gene from chromosome 9 with part of the BCR gene from chromosome 22, creating an abnormal fusion gene called BCR-ABL1 . (medlineplus.gov)
The abnormal chromosome 22, containing a piece of chromosome 9 and the fusion gene, is commonly called the Philadelphia chromosome. (medlineplus.gov)
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 is inhibited by a histone H2A variant, MacroH2A, and contributes to silencing of the inactive X chromosome. (nature.com)
Unrepaired or incorrectly repaired DNA damage may lead to loss of heterozygosity, mutations, deletions, genomic rearrangements and chromosome loss. (cea.fr)

While the precise mechanism underlying activation of the ALT pathway is unclear, mutations in the chromatin remodeling protein ATRX, histone chaperone DAXX, and the histone variant H3.3 correlate with ALT status. (oncotarget.com)
ATRX and DAXX facilitate deposition of the histone variant H3.3 within heterochromatic regions suggesting that loss of ATRX, DAXX, and/or H3.3 lead to defects in the stability of telomeric heterochromatin. (oncotarget.com)
African trypanosomes have the unique property of using Pol I to also transcribe the variant surface glycoprotein VSG genes. (asm.org)
Studies of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) have shown that open and closed chromatin structures are dynamically regulated through multiple mechanisms, including histone modifications, histone variant incorporation, and DNA methylation (reviewed in reference 17 ). (asm.org)
27nt-RNAs guide histone variant deposition via 'RNA-induced DNA replication interference' and thus transmit parental genome partitioning in Stylonychia. (uni-bielefeld.de)
SWR1 complex (ySWR1 in yeast, and hSRCAP in humans) is a 1.1 MDa multi-subunit complex that utilizes ATP to replace canonical H2A histones with the Htz1 variant (H2A.Z in mammalian cells). (imperial.ac.uk)
In collaboration with Prof Dale Wigley (Imperial College London) , we are investigating the molecular mechanism of ATP-dependent replacement of the canonical two H2A histones with the Htz1 variant by the ySWR1 complex. (imperial.ac.uk)
Notably, histone macroH2A1.1 senses PARP1 activation, transiently compacts chromatin, reduces the recruitment of DNA damage factor Ku70-Ku80 and alters γ-H2AX patterns, whereas the splice variant macroH2A1.2, which is deficient in poly-ADP-ribose binding, does not mediate chromatin rearrangements upon PARP1 activation. (nature.com)
The effect of the promoter variant was further studied by luciferase gene reporter assay in MCF-7, HEK293, HeLa and LNCaP cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
The p.Arg215Trp variant, suggested to impair NBN binding to histone γ-H2AX, was observed in one breast cancer case and one healthy control. (biomedcentral.com)
Luciferase reporter gene assay of the promoter construct bearing this variant did not suggest a variation of expression in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line, but indicated a reduction of luciferase expression in both the HEK293 and LNCaP cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)

The apparent function of HMGA2 in proliferation and differentiation of cells during development is supported by the observation that mice with mutant HMGA2 genes are unusually small (the pygmy or mini-mouse phenotype), and genome-wide association studies linking HMGA2-associated SNPs to variation in human height. (wikipedia.org)
Depending on where in the genome the viral DNA gets integrated, it can promote downstream expression of genes [2]. (blogspot.com)
Given the high genomic affinity between the two coelacanth species, the here described de novo transcriptome assembly can be considered a valuable support tool for the improvement of gene prediction within the genome of L. chalumnae and a valuable resource for investigation of many aspects of tetrapod evolution. (biomedcentral.com)
We observed diverse effects on the 3D genome and transcriptome, and gene expression changes were correlated with the splitting of TADs caused by cohesin loss. (bvsalud.org)
Compared to whole genome sequencing (WGS), exome sequencing covers only the 1% of the genome that is translated into protein, greatly reducing the technical burden of data collection and analysis. (frontiersin.org)
in one study, 31 genes in breast CAFs, which were identified using Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 and an empirical Bayesian model, were different from those in NFs ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Of the 30,000 or so genes that are currently thought to exist in the human genome , there is a small subset that seems to be particularly important in the prevention, development, and progression of cancer. (cancerquest.org)
Non (protein)-coding RNAs are the most abundant transcriptional products of the coding genome, and comprise several different classes of molecules with unique lengths, conformations and targets. (frontiersin.org)
Toward this objective, ChIP-Seq data of 14 S/MAR binding proteins were analyzed and the binding site coordinates of these proteins were used to prepare a non-redundant S/MAR dataset of human genome. (researchgate.net)
Whole genome duplication is much rarer than gene duplication, but is a key mechanism for the evolution of the genome in many groups of organisms, especially plants. (nrrv.se)
Whole genome duplication can result in the doubling of the number of chromosomes in an organism, which can then allow for the emergence of new gene functions through the duplication and divergence of gene families. (nrrv.se)
De novo genes originate from non-coding regions of the genome, evolving independently of existing genes. (nrrv.se)
In contrast to the previously mentioned methods of genome evolution that saw the creation of genes, chromosomal deletions can eliminate functioning genes contributing to both "good" and "bad" genomic outcomes. (nrrv.se)
However, only a small fraction of our genome is used to encode proteins and regulate gene expression. (nrrv.se)
Estimates suggest that we only use about 2% of our genome to code for proteins or other gene products. (nrrv.se)
The three dimensional organization of the genome in the nucleus, previously known to impact on gene expression, has recently emerged as a key regulator of DNA repair. (cea.fr)
In order to further classify the chromosomal abnormalities we used spectral karyotyping (SKY) a whole genome painting assay that can recognize complex genomic rearrangements. (healthyguide.info)

Mutations in two genes, CBP (CREBBP) and EP300 , have been identified in affected individuals. (medscape.com)
Disruption of the human CBP gene, either by gross chromosomal rearrangements or by point mutations, leads to Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. (medscape.com)
Point mutations and small deletions or insertions of the CBP and EP300 genes 3,18,19, as well as deletions and duplications 41000 bp in length to megabases, have been shown to lead to Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. (medscape.com)
[ 12 ] reported EP300 gene mutations in 3 (3.3%) of 92 patients with either true Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome or different syndromes resembling Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. (medscape.com)
Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
Genetic mutations in ATRX, DAXX, and H3.3 have been detected in ALT positive cancers, however, a subset of ALT samples show loss of ATRX or DAXX protein expression or localization without evidence of genetic alterations suggesting additional uncharacterized defects in ATRX/DAXX/H3.3 function. (oncotarget.com)
Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutations in the X-linked methyl CpG binding protein 2 ( MeCP2 ) gene. (neurology.org)
One hundred sixteen patients with classical and atypical RTT were studied for mutations of the MeCP2 gene by using DHPLC and direct sequencing. (neurology.org)
Causative mutations in the MeCP2 gene were identified in 63% of patients, representing a total of 30 different mutations. (neurology.org)
The authors found 17 novel mutations, including a complex gene rearrangement found in one individual involving two deletions and a duplication. (neurology.org)
This patient series confirms the high frequency of MeCP2 gene mutations causative of RTT in females and provides data concerning the molecular basis for clinical variability (mutation type and position and X-inactivation patterns). (neurology.org)
Initially, six different mutations in the MeCP2 gene were described in both sporadic and familial cases of RTT. (neurology.org)
Table 1 provides a summary of cancers and gene mutations. (frontiersin.org)
ALL cancers have lots of additional changes, the so-called 'passenger' mutations, that may contribute to the cancer, but are not the main genes. (cancerquest.org)
Pseudogenes are genes that have lost their protein-coding ability through mutations. (nrrv.se)

Cas9 is a programmable endonuclease routinely used to generate sequence deletions, insertions, and even to regulate gene expression from bacteria to mammals. (imperial.ac.uk)
utilizes a combination of high-resolution comparative genomic hybridization, short hairpin RNA inhibition of target genes at the locations of focal genomic deletions, and a primed cell mosaic mouse model to identify novel tumor suppressors in hepatocellular carcinoma. (biomedcentral.com)

Understanding the activity of this gene will allow for an improved understanding of how cells can survive DNA damage leading to genomic rearrangements that support the initial stages of tumorgenesis and subsequent cancer development. (ca.gov)

These complex multi-subunit machines carry out multiple tasks on nucleosomes including chemical modifications, histone exchange and sliding them on DNA in what appears to be a highly coordinated process. (imperial.ac.uk)
Nucleosomes are thought to carry epigenetically inherited information in the form of covalent modifications of their core histones . (wikidoc.org)
[7] Non-condensed nucleosomes without the linker histone resemble "beads on a string of DNA" under an electron microscope . (wikidoc.org)
[9] Histone equivalents and a simplified chromatin structure have also been found in Archea [10] , proving that eukaryotes are not the only organisms that use nucleosomes. (wikidoc.org)

Although it is clear that switching among BESs does not involve DNA rearrangements and that regulation is probably epigenetic, it remains unknown why BESs are transcribed by Pol I and what roles are played by chromatin structure and histone modifications. (asm.org)
In mammalian cells, active and silent rDNA promoters are characterized by specific histone modifications, DNA methylation, and positioning of the promoter-bound nucleosome (reviewed in reference 22 ). (asm.org)
Epigenetic regulation refers to the multiple chemical modifications of DNA or DNA-associated proteins that alter chromatin structure and DNA accessibility in a heritable manner, without changing DNA sequence. (frontiersin.org)
Similar to DNA and histone methylation, m 6 A modifications are dynamic and reversible and exert biological effects that are mainly mediated by 'writers', 'erasers' and 'reader' proteins (Fig. 2 ). (biomedcentral.com)

MLL-AF4 promotes leukemogenesis by activating key target genes, mainly through recruitment of DOT1L and increased histone H3 lysine-79 methylation (H3K79me2/3). (iric.ca)
DBC1 functions as a coactivator for AR-V7 and is required for the expression of AR-V7 target genes including CDH2, a mesenchymal marker linked to CRPC progression. (cancerindex.org)

It is likely that a loss of one or more of these genes plays a role in the early development and progression of bladder cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
The study identified 2 genes known to contribute to tumor progression and 8 known to be present in tumor cells but which have unknown functions. (frontiersin.org)

Identification of the deletion, amplification, and rearrangement of this gene that are associated with lipomas suggests a role in adipogenesis and mesenchymal differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
Researchers are working to determine which missing genes contribute to the other features associated with the deletion. (medlineplus.gov)
Natural selection can cause a deletion to increase in frequency if the deleted gene codes for a protein that increases the risk of infection. (nrrv.se)
For example, a deletion in the CCR5 gene that codes for a cell surface protein used by the HIV virus to enter human cells has become fixed in some human populations. (nrrv.se)
Senescent hepatocytes lose the telomeric repeats that protect chromosomal ends from inter- and intra-chromosomal fusion, deletion, rearrangement, and transposition events that contribute to genomic instability. (biomedcentral.com)

A rearrangement (translocation) of genetic material between chromosomes 9 and 22 causes a type of cancer of blood-forming cells called chronic myeloid leukemia. (medlineplus.gov)
Chromatin endogenous cleavage (ChEC) and psoralen experiments indicated that active rDNA is devoid of histones ( 23 ), whereas chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and genetic studies led to the conclusion that active rDNA has at least a few histones and is associated with chromatin-remodeling enzymes ( 15 , 31 , 34 ). (asm.org)
She studies the role of recurrent genetic abnormalities in lymphoma cells on impacting protein function, response to chemotherapy and clinical outcomes. (ladydavis.ca)
A total of 7 possible genetic alterations and epigenetic changes in CAFs are discussed, including gene differential expression, karyotype analysis, gene copy number variation, loss of heterozygosis, allelic imbalance, microsatellite instability, post‑transcriptional control and DNA methylation. (spandidos-publications.com)
Genetic alterations include genetic mutation, gene copy number variation (CNV), loss of heterozygosity (LOH), allelic imbalance (AI) and microsatellite instability (MSI). (spandidos-publications.com)
In a candidate gene study aiming at identifying genetic determinants of breast cancer susceptibility, we undertook the full sequencing of the NBN gene in our cohort of 97 high-risk non- BRCA1 and - BRCA2 breast cancer families, along with 74 healthy unrelated controls, also from the French Canadian population. (biomedcentral.com)
HR comprises different pathways: gene conversion (GC) that accurately repair the lesion by copying the homologous sequence, single strand annealing (SSA) or break induced replication (BIR) that can both lead to loss of genetic information. (cea.fr)
D1 was originally identified as a candidate oncogene activated inside a subset of parthyroid tumors through genetic rearrangement [1]. (healthyguide.info)

This includes gene, protein and metabolic networks, cellular architecture and intracellular dynamics, cell communication and motility, cell division and differentiation, tissue formation and organogenesis, tissue and organ functions, changes in population characteristics as a consequence of interaction of organisms with their physical environment, with individuals of their own species, and with organisms of other species. (nih.gov)
ppGpp is an intracellular sensor that, in response to different types of stress, coordinates the rearrangement of the gene expression pattern of bacteria to promote adaptation and survival to new environmental conditions. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the non-histone chromosomal high-mobility group (HMG) protein family. (wikipedia.org)
The EP300 gene on band 22q13 encodes a protein, p300, that is highly similar to CREBBP. (medscape.com)

Transcriptional gene regulation happens at the chromatin level, in other words, genes are expressed or silenced due to rearrangements of the DNA inside the nucleus. (blogspot.com)

This is in contrast with tumor suppressor genes which must BOTH be defective to lead to abnormal cell division. (cancerquest.org)
The 'cancer platform' concept proposes that most oncogenic molecules also have the inherent ability to activate tumor suppressor genes or pathways through oncogene-induced apoptosis or senescence, thus limiting their oncogenic effects in a homeostatic fashion. (biomedcentral.com)

This first category also includes genes that contribute to tumor growth by inhibiting cell death. (cancerquest.org)

10-13 ⇓ ⇓ ⇓ MeCP2 has been shown to promote the association of histone deacetylases and transcriptional repressors with methylated DNA. (neurology.org)

Gene families can lead to the emergence of new biochemical pathways and new structures. (nrrv.se)
The specific effects that lead to inactivation of these pro-apoptotic or senescence pathways may impinge on major known tumor suppressors such as p53, but may also be due to effects on other genes and molecules within the p53 or other tumor suppressor pathways [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Whereas the different DNA repair pathways and the proteins they involve are know pretty well described, how they are regulated relative to each other in time and space remains to be deciphered. (cea.fr)
We next interrogated the practical pathways associated with the genes bound by cyclin D1. (healthyguide.info)

Many of these cancers express the normal HMGA2 protein, but the mature mRNA transcript is truncated, missing a portion of the 3'UTR that contains the critical let-7 complementary regions. (wikipedia.org)
ERCC1 protein expression is reduced or absent in 84% to 100% of human colorectal cancers. (wikipedia.org)
These data highlight a potentially unrecognized mechanism of DAXX inactivation in ALT positive osteosarcoma and provide rationale for thorough and comprehensive analyses of ATRX/DAXX/H3.3 proteins in ALT positive cancers. (oncotarget.com)
identified 189 frequently mutated genes associated with these cancers, most of which were not previously known. (frontiersin.org)
A diagram showing the major cancer genes for some cancers. (cancerquest.org)
This gene is located within a chromosomal region that shows loss of heterozygosity in some bladder cancers. (cancerindex.org)

However, these nuclear bodies' function in controlling gene expression remains elusive. (bvsalud.org)

Here, we show that knockdown of hPaf1/PD2 leads to decreased di- and tri-methylation at histone H3 lysine 4 residues in pancreatic cancer cells. (nebraska.edu)
The structure of the nucleosome core particle is remarkably conserved, and even a change of over 100 residues between frog and yeast histones results in electron density maps with an overall root mean square deviation (r.m.s.d) of only 1.6Å [12] . (wikidoc.org)

Die Expression der Gene, die diese Enzyme kodieren, wurde bisher hauptsächlich auf Ebene der Transkriptionsregulation durch regulierende Proteine erforscht, insbesondere die Transaktivatoren Xyrl (Xylanase Regulator 1) und der Repressor Cre1(Carbon Katabolit Repressor 1), deren Zusammenspiel hauptsächlich die Expression dieser Enzyme reguliert. (tuwien.at)
A) The repressor protein attaches to the regulator. (easynotecards.com)
C) Allolactose binds to the regulator gene. (easynotecards.com)
The histone demethylase KDM1A is a multi- faceted regulator of vital developmental processes, including mesodermal and cardiac tube formation during gastrulation. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

3420. J.R. Davie, 'Nuclear matrix, dynamic histone acetylation and transcriptionally active chromatin,' Mol. (nanomedicine.com)

controlled for UV-induced mutational load by comparing mutated genes-of-interest against a baseline level of intronic mutation. (frontiersin.org)
They contribute to biological functions and evolutionary innovation through mechanisms like mutation, selection, and gene duplication. (nrrv.se)
In mammals, mutation of proteins involved in the nuclear architecture (lamins and lamin associated proteins) results in diseases associated with genomic instability. (cea.fr)

Let-7 inhibits production of specific proteins by complementary binding to their mRNA transcripts. (wikipedia.org)
However, if this mRNA is either destroyed or bound to a complementary RNA strand, it can no longer make the protein and the gene is effectively silenced. (blogspot.com)
In silico analyses based on complementarity of miRNAs and their putative mRNA targets have led to estimates that miRNAs may regulate up to 30% of protein-coding human mRNAs. (blogspot.com)
Stylonychia lemnae macronuclear development protein 72 (mdp72) mRNA, partial sequence. (uni-bielefeld.de)

m 6 A is catalysed by RNA methyltransferases METTL3, METTL14 and WTAP (writers), m 6 A is removed by the demethylases FTO and ALKBH5 (erasers) and interacts with m6A-binding proteins, such as YT521-B homology (YTH) domain-containing proteins. (biomedcentral.com)

First described to modulate metabolic adaptive responses, ppGpp modulates the expression of genes belonging to very diverse functional categories. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

Fu et al was the first to display cyclin D1 is definitely recruited in the context of local chromatin which in turn recruited chromatin modifying proteins (SUV39 HP1α p300 HDAC 1 and HDAC 3) and modified the acetylation and methylation of chromatin connected histones [5]. (healthyguide.info)

This protein contains structural DNA-binding domains and may act as a transcriptional regulating factor. (wikipedia.org)
Early structural studies provided evidence that an octamer of histone proteins wraps DNA around itself in about two turns of a left-handed superhelix. (wikidoc.org)

HMGA2 contains three basic DNA-binding domains (AT-hooks) that cause the protein to bind to adenine-thymine (AT)-rich regions of nuclear DNA. (wikipedia.org)
Nuclear expression of protein kinase CK2α is reportedly elevated in human carcinomas, but mechanisms underlying its variable localization in cells are poorly understood. (bvsalud.org)
This study demonstrates a functional connection between nuclear CK2 and gene expression in relation to cell proliferation. (bvsalud.org)
NUP98 and NUP214 form chimeric fusion proteins that assemble into phase-separated nuclear bodies containing CRM1, a nuclear export receptor. (bvsalud.org)
Throughout the life of a eukaryotic cell, chromosomes undergo drastic conformational rearrangements that play essential roles in almost all nuclear processes, including gene expression, DNA repair and cell division. (imperial.ac.uk)
compounds in ABCG5 have the ligand of water( MIM:210250), divided by dual selective complex of both and nuclear genes depending lipid and unclear large precursor. (erik-mill.de)
3407. S.A. Rutherford, M.W. Goldberg, T.D. Allen, 'Three-dimensional visualization of the route of protein import: the role of nuclear pore complex substructures,' Exp. (nanomedicine.com)
3419. M.A. Mancini, D. He, I.I. Ouspenski, B.R. Brinkley, 'Dynamic continuity of nuclear and mitotic matrix proteins in the cell cycle,' J. Cell Biochem. (nanomedicine.com)
3422. J.H. Hughes, M.B. Cohen, 'Nuclear matrix proteins and their potential applications to diagnostic pathology,' Am. J. Clin. (nanomedicine.com)
One feature of nuclear organization is the existence of subcompartments in which specific DNA sequences and proteins associate creating microenvironments that can be more or less favorable for specific processes. (cea.fr)

However, a growing body of evidence suggests that recruitment, stability, and function of epigenetic factors can be mediated by non-protein-coding RNAs. (frontiersin.org)

CBP and EP300 are ubiquitously expressed homologous proteins that act as transcriptional co-activators. (medscape.com)

As the number and characteristics of such alleles are undetermined, a focussed candidate gene approach based on genes closely interacting with the known susceptibility genes such as BRCA1 and BRCA2 , the two major susceptibility genes identified yet, constitutes a study design of choice to identify rare-moderate-penetrance susceptibility alleles. (biomedcentral.com)

Different cells express different genes. (blogspot.com)
Exon shuffling is a process where coding regions (exons) from different genes are rearranged and recombined, creating new genes with unique functions. (nrrv.se)

Indeed in S and G2 phase, RPA binding to 3' single strand overhangs facilitates the recruitment of proteins of the Rad52 epistasis group, among which Rad51, which carries out the strand-exchange reaction. (cea.fr)

In certain circumstances, when a lymph node is not easily accessible for excisional or incisional biopsy, a combination of core biopsy and FNA biopsies in conjunction with appropriate ancillary techniques for the differential diagnosis (immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, PCR for IGHV and TCR gene rearrangements, karyotype, and fluorescence in situ hybridization [FISH] for major translocations) may be sufficient for diagnosis. (medscape.com)

Interference RNA is not the only way a virus can use to modulate gene expression inside the cell. (blogspot.com)
Retrotransposon-mediated sequence transduction and gene duplication lead to the creation of novel genes and fosters the diversity of multi-gene families such as MHC- or T-cell receptor genes [2]. (blogspot.com)
gene rearrangementsMBDmethyl\CpG\binding site proteinMeCP2methyl CpG binding proteins\2NSGNOD.Cg\PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Wjl/SzJqRT\PCRquantitative genuine\time PCRSOCSsuppressor of cytokine signalingT\ALLT\cell lineage severe lymphoblastic leukemiaThT\helperTSATrichostatin A 1. (thetechnoant.info)
Constitutional syndromes such as Down syndrome and ataxia-telangiectasia are associated with increased risk of B-cell-ALL (with CRLF2 rearrangement) and T-cell-ALL, respectively. (haematologica.org)
She focuses on the genes and proteins that are important in inhibiting cell death following chemotherapy, such as the BCL2 family of proteins and cell surface "death" receptors. (ladydavis.ca)
MYC gene re-arrangements are associated with a poor prognosis in diffuse large B cell lymphoma patients treated with R-CHOP chemotherapy. (ladydavis.ca)
Specifically, the trainee looked at the ability of an endothelial cell AGO 1 gene knockout to rescue streptozotocin-induced damage in female mice. (ca.gov)
Our final student worked to introduce a "suicide gene" construct into engineered in iPSCs for the generation of the insulin-producing -cell to treat type 1 diabetes patients. (ca.gov)
The genes that have been identified to date have been categorized into two broad categories, depending on their normal functions in the cell. (cancerquest.org)
Genes whose protein products can directly or indirectly prevent cell division or lead to cell death. (cancerquest.org)
We have two copies of each gene and for oncogenes, a single defective copy is enough to cause a cell to divide. (cancerquest.org)
Many of these genes are responsible for providing the positive signals that lead to cell division. (cancerquest.org)
As stated in the introduction to this section, the defective versions of these genes, known as oncogenes, can cause a cell to divide in an unregulated manner. (cancerquest.org)
Despite the differences in their normal roles, these genes all contribute to unregulated cell division if they are present in a mutant (oncogenic) form. (cancerquest.org)
Additionally, DBC1 knockdown eliminated the up-regulation of MMP7, EMT-related proteins, and cell cycle-related proteins as well as the enhanced proliferation and invasiveness induced by ZNF326. (cancerindex.org)

These proteins perform a variety of different roles in the body. (medlineplus.gov)
We are interested in understanding at the molecular level how recombination occurs and what roles are played by the many proteins involved in DNA recombination, repair and replication. (brandeis.edu)
We are interested in determining what are the specific biochemical roles played by the many proteins implicated in DNA recombination, repair and replication. (brandeis.edu)
The result is a gene family, which is a set of loci that originated by gene duplication and that typically have related biochemical roles. (nrrv.se)

We used ChIP to verify that cyclin D1 bound the regulatory regions of genes involved in mitosis and QT-PCR to demonstrate the LY2157299 gene transcripts were induced in cyclin D1 rescued fibroblasts. (healthyguide.info)

and (iv) genes harboring germline non-silent variants presumed to confer a risk of sporadic ALL. (haematologica.org)
The structure of over 20 different nucleosome core particles have been solved to date [11] , including those containing histone variants and histones from different species. (wikidoc.org)

Also, a reduction in hPaf1 level resulted in reduced MLL1 expression and a corresponding decrease in the level of CHD1 (Chromohelicase DNA-binding protein 1), an ATPase dependent chromatin remodeling enzyme that specifically binds to H3K4 di and trimethyl marks. (nebraska.edu)

The evolutionary dynamics of sex chromosomes suggest a mechanism for 'inheritance' turnover of sex-determining genes that is mediated by translocation of a sex-determining enhancer. (nature.com)
One of the most common sources of evolutionary adaptation is the emergence of new genes. (nrrv.se)

The normal versions of genes in the first group are called proto-oncogenes. (cancerquest.org)
The mutated or otherwise damaged versions of these genes are called oncogenes. (cancerquest.org)
Numerous genes have been identified as proto-oncogenes. (cancerquest.org)

We have focused a lot of attention on yeast mating-type gene switching ( MAT switching) as an example of DSB repair that we can study in great detail. (brandeis.edu)
We have been fascinated by the process of yeast mating-type gene switching, in which cells replace about 700 bp of Ya or Y-specific DNA sequences at the MAT locus by recombining with one of two donor loci, called HMLDescription: image3 and HMRa. (brandeis.edu)

For example, in humans, the amylase gene family has been duplicated and evolved to produce different amylase enzymes, allowing humans to digest a wide range of starches from different plants (Perry et al. (nrrv.se)

Cyclin D1 promoter occupancy assessed by ChIP-ChIP technology mapped cyclin D1 to approximately 900 genes [6]. (healthyguide.info)
Within a mammary gland particular Tet-inducible model the severe expression profile governed by cyclin D1 after seven days was enriched in genes that rank extremely with CIN. (healthyguide.info)

Anatomy26

Organisms13

Diseases35

Chemicals and Drugs71

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment21

Phenomena and Processes104

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Regulation of histone methylation1

Transcription19

Core histone2

Highly conserved2

Complexes6

Methyltransferase3

Modification9

Regulates3

Deacetylase1

Chromosome10

Variant11

Genome17

Mutations15

Deletions2

Genomic rearrangements1

Nucleosomes4

Modifications4

Target genes2

Progression2

Deletion5

Genetic8

Intracellular2

Encodes a protein2

Chromatin level1

Tumor suppr2

Contribute to tumor1

Deacetylases1

Pathways4

Cancers6

Controlling gene expression1

Residues2

Regulator4

Transcriptionally1

Mutation3

MRNA4

Domain containi1

Expression of ge1

P3001

Structural2

Nuclear10

RNAs1

Homologous1

Susceptibility1

Different genes2

Recruitment1

Immunohistochemistry1

Cell15

Roles4

Transcripts1

Variants2

MLL11

Evolutionary2

Oncogenes3

Yeast2

Enzymes1

Cyclin D12