Protein gene and interleukin 28 receptor alpha interleukin 10 receptor beta subunit. Medical search. Frequent questions

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the class II cytokine receptor family. (wikipedia.org)
Interleukin 22 binding protein (IL-22BP), also known as CRF2-10, CRF2-X, and IL-22 RA2, is a 35-45 kDa secreted glycoprotein in the type II cytokine receptor family (CRF). (rndsystems.com)
IL-6 is a gene that encodes a cytokine that plays a role in inflammation and the maturation of B cells. (thermofisher.com)
Novel p19 protein engages IL-12p40 to form a cytokine, IL-23, with biological activities similar as well as distinct from IL-12. (nature.com)
CD25 (IL2 receptor alpha chain/IL2RA) is a cytokine that plays a role in the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes. (thermofisher.com)
The receptor of this cytokine (IL2RA) is a heterotrimeric protein complex with a gamma chain also shared by interleukin 4 (IL4) and interleukin 7 (IL7). (thermofisher.com)
Outcomes Diet-induced weight problems reduced cardiac blood sugar fat PTK787 2HCl burning capacity GLUT and AMP-activated proteins kinase (AMPK) amounts which was connected with increased degrees of macrophages toll-like receptor 4 suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) and cytokines in center. (cancer-ecosystem.com)
Increasing evidence signifies the function of chronic irritation and macrophage activation in insulin level of resistance (8 9 A cohort of latest studies (10-13) showed boosts in macrophage infiltration and cytokine appearance in adipose tissues and their association with insulin level of resistance in obese human beings and animal versions. (cancer-ecosystem.com)
Interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) is the principal cytokine linked to cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis (OA). (biomedcentral.com)
Culture supernatants were incubated with cytokine antibody arrays and immunoreactive proteins (80 proteins) were visualized by enhanced chemiluminiscence. (biomedcentral.com)
A dysregulated immune system (including changes in the number and/or function of immune cells, cytokine levels, and the expression of inhibitory receptors or their ligands) plays a key role in the development of HCC. (wjgnet.com)
In this review, we have discussed the status and roles of various immune effector cells ( e.g ., dendritic cells, natural killer cells, macrophages, and T cells), their cytokine profile, and the chemokine-receptor axis in promoting or impeding HCC. (wjgnet.com)
The antiapoptotic proteins are induced by this inflammatory cytokine in psoriatic skin 11, 12 . (ijpsr.com)
Humans with variants of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine genes show increased susceptibility to alcoholic liver disease[ 2 ]. (wjgnet.com)

NK cells contribute to cancer immune surveillance not only by their direct natural cytotoxicity which is triggered rapidly upon stimulation through germline-encoded cell surface receptors, but also by modulating T-cell mediated antitumor immune responses through maintaining the quality of dendritic cells and enhancing the presentation of tumor antigens. (frontiersin.org)

Activator of protein kinase A (cyclic AMP agonist). (biolog.de)
Western immunoblotting was used to analyze the effect of EGCG on the interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK-1) and TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF-6) proteins in IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
Preferential activation of microsomal diacylglycerol/protein kinase C signaling during glucose treatment (De Novo phospholipid synthesis) of rat adipocytes. (jci.org)
Glucose has been reported to increase the de novo synthesis of diacylglycerol (DAG) and translocate and activate protein kinase C (PKC) in rat adipocytes. (jci.org)
This stimulation of cAMP was not Ca 2+ -sensitive and was unaffected by a range of protein kinase inhibitors. (jneurosci.org)

The receptor complex has been shown to interact with three closely related cytokines, including interleukin 28A (IL28A), interleukin 28B (IL28B), and interleukin 29 (IL29). (wikipedia.org)
Interleukin-12 (IL-12) and interleukin-23 (IL-23), which belong to the IL-12 family of cytokines, have a key role in intestinal homeostasis and inflammation and are implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. (nature.com)
NMDA-induced damage included neuronal cell death, microglial reactivity, upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and genes associated with IL1β-signaling in different types of retinal neurons and glia. (biomedcentral.com)
Acute lipid infusion triggered inflammation and elevated local degrees of macrophages C-C theme chemokine receptor 2 SOCS3 and cytokines in center. (cancer-ecosystem.com)
Inherited genetic variants such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of candidate genes, encoding various cytokines, chemokines, and inflammatory regulators, have become a subject of interest of genetic studies searching for independent predictors of GVHD development and HSCT outcome [ 4 - 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
Besides the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6), the increased expression of receptor repertoire (pattern recognition receptors, PRR) on APCs, mostly macrophages and dendritic cells, occurs as a result of the release of endogenous and exogenous antigens (damage-associated molecular patterns, DAMPs, and pathogen-associated molecular patterns, PAMPs). (hindawi.com)
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that activates cysteine protease caspase-1, which leads to the maturation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1β (IL)-1β and IL-18 ( 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

Measured by its ability to inhibit IL-22-induced IL-10 secretion by COLO 205 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. (rndsystems.com)
Upon their secretion by antigen-presenting cells, they exert both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory receptor-mediated effects. (nature.com)
Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) play a key role in the inflammatory response to colonizing or invading microorganisms via the secretion of interleukin-8 (IL-8). (biomedcentral.com)

The complement system, interacting with its regulatory molecules and cellular receptors, plays a central role in the induction and regulation of immunity. (medscape.com)

HIF-1 is also a heterodimeric transcription factor, consisting of the oxygen dependent alpha subunit and the constitutively expressed beta subunit. (biomedcentral.com)

The gene is primarily expressed at sites of acute and chronic inflammation, where it is secreted into the serum and induces a transcriptional inflammatory response through interleukin 6 receptor, alpha. (thermofisher.com)
The actual fact that severe lipid infusion escalates the inflammatory response and impairs myocardial blood sugar metabolism like the ramifications of high-fat nourishing suggests the function of nutritional tension in the activation of toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 signaling and irritation in center. (cancer-ecosystem.com)
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) have recently been identified as innate immune receptors that play a pivotal role in initiating the inflammatory response ( 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

In vivo , it regulates the proinflammatory effects of IL-22 ( e.g. neutrophil infiltration) but not of IL-10 (7). (rndsystems.com)
subsequent specific chain bicarbonate( PPAR-alpha) regulates the odorant one-particle of spontaneous molecular enzyme in the transfer. (evakoch.com)
The neuroendocrine system regulates early T cell differentiation by the transcription of neuroendocrine genes in the stromal network and expression of cognitive receptors by immature T cells. (nel.edu)
Nuclear factor kappa beta (NFkappabeta) is the major upstream, intracellular mechanism which regulates inflammatory and oxidative stress mediators. (nel.edu)

2023 Jun 28;18(6):e0287062. (unil.ch)
2023 Jun 28;24(13):10762. (unil.ch)
2023 Sep;28(3):490-499. (unil.ch)

Current treatments for excessive bone resorption utilize RANK receptor blockers or neutralizing antibodies, which are able to inhibit osteoclast formation. (frontiersin.org)
The second subfamily of proteins (p105 and p100) has a C-terminal region that contains multiple copies of ankyrin repeats, instead of a transactivation domain, and can bind to and inhibit Rel proteins. (oncotarget.com)
Cannabinoids act at the CB1 receptor to inhibit adenylate cyclase activity via a pertussis toxin-sensitive G-protein. (jneurosci.org)
whereas dopamine D2 receptors inhibit adenylate cyclase via G i -proteins ( Sibley and Monsma, 1992 ). (jneurosci.org)
Previously, CB1 receptors have been shown to inhibit D1 receptor-mediated cAMP accumulation ( Bidaut-Russell and Howlett, 1991 ). (jneurosci.org)

The expression of IL2 in mature thymocytes is monoallelic, which represents an unusual regulatory mode for controlling the precise expression of a single gene. (thermofisher.com)
Furthermore, similar to T cells, specific recognition and elimination of cancer cells by NK cells can be markedly enhanced through expression of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), which provides an opportunity to generate NK-cell therapeutics of defined specificity for cancer immunotherapy. (frontiersin.org)
Constitutive p50/p65 activity is observed in a large variety of hematological as well as solid tumors [ 6 - 8 ], as a result of an aberrant expression of p50/p65, deletions of the IκBα inhibitor gene or an increased IKK activity [ 9 - 13 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a bioactive polyphenol of green tea and exerts potent anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting signaling events and gene expression. (biomedcentral.com)
The objective of this study was to evaluate the global effect of EGCG on IL-1β-induced expression of proteins associated with OA pathogenesis in human chondrocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
Effect of EGCG on IL-1β-induced expression of 18 selected genes was verified by Real time-PCR and effect on IL-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) production was determined using specific ELISAs. (biomedcentral.com)
Out of 80 proteins present on the array, constitutive expression of 14% proteins was altered by EGCG treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
Stimulation with IL-1β enhanced the expression of 29 proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Expression of all 29 proteins up-regulated by IL-1β was found to be suppressed by EGCG. (biomedcentral.com)
Considering the signaling pathway of TGFβ1 (an inhibitor of iNOS mRNA expression), silencing of RNA for TAK-1 upregulates membrane-bound fractalkine tripartite motif 28 (TRIM28)/transcriptional intermediary factor 1β (TIF1β) functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase and specificity protein 1 negatively regulate TGFβ1 levels to upregulate the generation of peroxynitrite, leading to increased shedding of membrane-bound fractalkine via SP/NK1R signaling. (scientificarchives.com)
Defects in the expression of complement or complement receptors may result in loss of tolerance to self-proteins and the development of immune complex-mediated autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). (medscape.com)
Among healthy individuals, the number of CR1 receptors on the red blood cells varies widely, yet the phenotypic expression, regulated by 2 codominant alleles, is stable. (medscape.com)
K. Our results indicated that Protein DJ-1 may act as an enzyme for expression of essential enzymes in vitamin K cycle. (bcl2signaling.com)

p100 and p105 can however undergo limited proteolysis to generate p52 and p50, respectively, which can form heterodimers with Rel proteins to form transcriptional activators [ 5 ]. (oncotarget.com)

Exosomal markers include microRNAs like miR-21 and miR-141, plus various proteins that belong in functional groups such as tetraspanins (CD9, CD63 and CD81), heat shock proteins (Hsp70, Hsp73 and Hsp90) and membrane transporters (GTPases) ( 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The glomerular permselectivity to polydisperse neutral dextrans was compared in 6 patients with thin membrane nephropathy (TMN) and 10 healthy controls. (jci.org)
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major outer membrane component in Gram-negative bacteria, is one of the most characterized PAMPs ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a large family of cell membrane receptors. (scientificarchives.com)
The CXCR1 receptor for IL-8 was expressed only on the apical membrane of Caco-2 BBE cells and differentiated epithelial cells in the human small intestine and colon. (biomedcentral.com)
Protein modules such as FVYE domains and PH domains that bind specifically to PtdIns 3-phosphate (PtdIns-3-P) and polyphosphoinositides, respectively, can direct such membrane targeting. (embl.de)
A total of five major Open Reading Frames (ORF) were found in COVID-19: the ORF 1a/b region coding replicase and other enzymes, the spike or S protein ORF, M or membrane glycoprotein ORF, E or small membrane protein ORF and the N or nucleocapsid ORF ( fig. 1 )[ 5 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
Spike glycoprotein has two subunits, S1-responsible for its binding to host cell membrane receptors and S2-responsible for the fusion of viral and host cellular membrane[ 8 , 11 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
Serine protease present on cell membrane, is used by SARS-CoV-2 for associating spike protein to enable its fusion with host cells[ 12 - 14 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
Normal neuromuscular junction showing a presynaptic terminal with a motor nerve ending in an enlargement (bouton terminale): Synaptic cleft and postsynaptic membrane with multiple folds and embedded with several acetylcholine receptors. (medscape.com)

Recombinant Human IL-2 GMP Protein Bioactivity GMP-grade Recombinant Human IL-2 (Catalog # 202-GMP) stimulates cell proliferation of the CTLL‑2 mouse cytotoxic T cell line. (bio-techne.com)
For healthy skin the proliferation & differentiation takes around 28-50 days. (ijpsr.com)

Seder, R. A., Gazzinelli, R., Sher, A. & Paul, W. E. Interleukin 12 acts directly on CD4+ T cells to enhance priming for interferon gamma production and diminishes interleukin 4 inhibition of such priming. (nature.com)

This is because of hyperproliferation and differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes, which occurs in 7 to 10 days. (ijpsr.com)
T cell differentiation occurs via T cell receptors. (nel.edu)

Exosomes are one of the most researched classes of extracellular vesicles because they are carriers of targeted protein and DNA/RNA loads. (spandidos-publications.com)
Extracellular matrix proteins Collagens IVI Fibronectin Laminin Tenascin Vitronectin (S-protein) 8. (forextipsnow.com)
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), adenosine-triphosphate (ATP), uric acid, heparan-sulphate proteoglycans (HSPG) as a part of extracellular matrix (ECM), and heat-shock proteins are the most significant DAMPs [ 13 , 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
PARs belong to a family of GPCRs that are activated by proteolytic cleavage of the amino-terminus, and these receptors act as sensors for extracellular proteases. (scientificarchives.com)

Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Antagonism Reveals a Gut/Lung Axis That Amplifies Regulatory T Cells in a Pulmonary Fungal Infection. (uc.edu)
In order to examine the role of NFkappabeta in the pathophysiology of CFS, this study examines the production of NFkappabeta p50 in unstimulated, 10 ng/mL TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor alpha) and 50 ng/mL PMA (phorbolmyristate acetate) stimulated peripheral blood lymphocy tes of 18 unmedicated patients with CFS and 18 age-sex matched controls. (nel.edu)

In this study we have examined the interactions of CB1 and D2 receptors on adenylate cyclase. (jneurosci.org)
Both D1 and D2 dopamine receptors also couple to adenylate cyclase via G-proteins. (jneurosci.org)

Beta-catenin acts as an intracellular signal transducer in the Wnt signaling pathway. (plurisomes.com)
Neutrophils release serine proteases such as neutrophil elastase, proteinase 3, cathepsin G. These proteolytic enzymes activate protease-activated receptors (PARs) to induce intracellular signaling. (scientificarchives.com)
The recruitment of specific cytosolic proteins to intracellular membranes through binding phosphorylated derivatives of phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) controls such processes as endocytosis, regulated exocytosis, cytoskeletal organization, and cell signaling. (embl.de)

The targeted disruption of a similar gene in mice leads to ulcerative colitis-like disease, which suggests a role in the immune response to antigenic stimuli. (thermofisher.com)
IL-6 reduces blood sugar fat burning capacity by suppressing AMPK and insulin PTK787 2HCl receptor substrate (IRS)-linked insulin signaling in center whereas IL-6-deficient mice are covered from diet-induced modifications in blood sugar metabolism. (cancer-ecosystem.com)
Massive xanthomatosis and atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed low density lipoprotein receptor-negative mice. (jci.org)
Mice that are homozygous for a targeted disruption of the LDL receptor gene (LDLR-/- mice) were fed a diet that contained 1.25% cholesterol, 7.5% cocoa butter, 7.5% casein, and 0.5% cholic acid. (jci.org)
We conclude that LDL receptors are largely responsible for the resistance of wild type mice to atherosclerosis. (jci.org)
Mice with C5a receptor-deficient dendritic cells promote induction of Treg and Th17 cells. (medscape.com)
In addition, mice in which the receptor gene for TNFα has been knocked out are resistant to alcohol-induced liver injury[ 5 ]. (wjgnet.com)

Natural killer cell stimulatory factor (interleukin 12 [IL-12]) induces T helper type 1 (T h 1)-specific immune responses and inhibits the development of IL-4-producing Th cells. (nature.com)
No significant stimulatory effect was observed on the proteins associated with cartilage anabolic response. (biomedcentral.com)
Pertussis toxin treatment of striatal neurons prevented the inhibition of cAMP accumulation by D2 receptors but unmasked a cannabinoid receptor-mediated stimulatory effect on cAMP accumulation. (jneurosci.org)
Treatment of the pertussis toxin-treated cells with cholera toxin before CB1 receptor activation amplified the stimulatory pathway, suggesting that this response was mediated through a G s -type G-protein. (jneurosci.org)

Herein, we investigate how inflammatory mediators, including microglia, interleukin 1 beta (IL1β), and signaling through interleukin 1 receptor type 1 (IL-1R1), influence the survival of retinal neurons in response to excitotoxic damage. (biomedcentral.com)
Within the striatum, CB1 receptors have been shown to be localized on the same neurons as G i -coupled dopamine D2 receptors. (jneurosci.org)
In striatal neurons in primary culture, both the CB1 receptor agonist [3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-11-hydroxy-Δ 8 tetrahydrocannabinol] (HU210) and the D2 receptor agonist quinpirole inhibited forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation when applied separately. (jneurosci.org)
CB1 receptors have been identified on both subpopulations of medium spiny neurons ( Mailleux and Vanderhaeghen, 1992 ). (jneurosci.org)

Acute physiological elevation of IL-6 suppressed blood sugar metabolism and triggered insulin level of resistance by raising SOCS3 and via SOCS3-mediated inhibition of insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 and perhaps AMPK in center. (cancer-ecosystem.com)

The immunohistochemical, genetic and pharmaco-logic investigations have led to an observation that there is an important role for the nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) pathway in pathophysiology of psoriasis 10 . (ijpsr.com)

Transcriptome analyses revealed that Caco-2 BBE cells respond to stimulation with IL-8 supporting the hypothesis that IL-8 induces G protein-coupled receptor signalling. (biomedcentral.com)
These results show that IL-8 induces autocrine signalling via an apical CXCR1 in Caco-2 BBE intestinal epithelial cells and that this receptor is also expressed on the apical surface of differentiated human intestinal epithelial cells in vivo , suggesting an autocrine function for IL-8 secreted in the lumen. (biomedcentral.com)

Because of their high numbers, red blood cells express an average of 90% of the CR1 receptors despite their having a lower number of antigenic sites per cell. (medscape.com)
[ 1 , 2 ] Although the chief target of the autoimmune attack in most cases is the skeletal muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), other antigenic targets that are components of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) have also been implicated. (medscape.com)

Mutations in this gene are associated with interleukin 2 receptor alpha deficiency. (thermofisher.com)

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. (rndsystems.com)
The MP5-20F3 antibody has been tested as the capture antibody in a sandwich ELISA for analysis of mouse interleukin-6 (IL-6) in combination with the biotinylated MP5-32C11 (cat. (thermofisher.com)

A gene regulatory network has been formed with the top ranked coding genes to identify their role in causing diabetes. (researchgate.net)
Transposable elements (TE) are important components of livestock and poultry genomes, contributing to their genetic diversity, chromatin states, gene regulatory networks, and complex traits of economic value. (biomedcentral.com)
These vesicles are carriers of active or non-autonomous function biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids, DNA, mRNA and non-coding regulatory RNA. (spandidos-publications.com)
Partial or complete deficiencies of the components of the complement system, including its receptors and regulatory proteins, are now described in humans and may be of a genetic or familial origin or acquired. (medscape.com)

Homeostatic osteoclastogenesis is effectively induced by RANKL (Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand). (frontiersin.org)
Mouse IL-6 (also known as B Cell Stimulating Factor, BCSF, and BSF-2) is a 21-28 kDa factor produced by a variety of cell types, including monocytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells. (thermofisher.com)
Once formed, the complex translocates to the nucleus where it acts as a transcription factor by binding to the estrogen response elements (EREs) at the promoters of estrogen responsive genes[ 9 , 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Interestingly, estrogen is also capable of contributing to breast cancer progression by a novel role, via modulation of proteins involved in hypoxia signaling, namely hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). (biomedcentral.com)
Not in the mind of neurasthenic lazybones but in the cell nucleus: patients with chronic fatigue syndrome have increased production of nuclear factor kappa beta. (nel.edu)

BACKGROUND: Protein farnesylation involves the addition of a 15-carbon polyunsaturated farnesyl group to proteins whose C-terminus ends with a CaaX motif. (bvsalud.org)

To further validate the results pathway study was performed to identify the involvement of the coding genes in type II diabetes. (researchgate.net)
IκBζ, an atypical member of the nuclear IκB family of proteins, is expressed at low levels in most resting cells, but is induced upon stimulation of Toll-like/IL-1 receptors through an IRAK1/IRAK4/NFκB-dependent pathway. (oncotarget.com)
Estrogen modulation of HIF-1 and subsequent effects on endothelial cells is dependent on the Akt/PI3K pathway and protein synthesis as validated by the use of the inhibitors wortmannin and cycloheximide which abrogated estrogen's effects respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
Stimulation of cAMP accumulation was not observed after pertussis toxin treatment of CHO cells expressing the human CB2 receptor, suggesting that this novel signaling pathway is unique to the cannabinoid CB1 receptor. (jneurosci.org)

2022, 10/fcell.2022.1028854. (gu.se)

Description: The MP5-20F3 antibody reacts with mouse interleukin-6 (IL-6). (thermofisher.com)
Description: The BC96 monoclonal antibody reacts with human CD25, the 55 kDa interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain (IL-2Ralpha). (thermofisher.com)
The methods traditionally used to verify whether a protein is farnesylated often require a specific antibody and involve isotope labeling, a tedious and time-consuming process that poses hazardous risks. (bvsalud.org)

Note the image below, as well as the article Pediatric Complement Receptor Deficiency may be helpful. (medscape.com)

Interleukin-17 is predominantly expressed by a specific subset of human T-helper cells-Th17 cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Below is a small sample of the many proteins, growth factors, transcription factors it contains. (plurisomes.com)
Like its homolog Bcl3, IκBζ can regulate the transcription of a set of inflamatory genes through its association with the p50 or p52 subunits of NF-κB. (oncotarget.com)

A luciferase-based protein denaturation assay demonstrated that farnesylated AtJ3 isolated from E. coli maintained this ability. (bvsalud.org)
serum proteins were measured with a customized 31-protein multiplex assay. (neurology.org)

IL-1β upregulated Nav1.7 mRNA and protein expressions in the TG explants, whereas NS398, PF-04418948, H89, or PKI-(6-22)-amide could all block this upregulation, and forskolin could also upregulate Nav1.7 mRNA and protein expressions. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition to increasing the TTX-S current (mainly include Nav1.3 and Nav1.7), Nav1.7 mRNA and protein expressions are upregulated in the DRG in a hindpaw inflammation model in rats [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

AtJ3 is a member of the heat shock protein 40 family and interacts with Arabidopsis HSP70 to protect plant proteins from heat-stress-induced denaturation. (bvsalud.org)

Estrogen mediates its effects by binding to its cognate estrogen receptor(s), either estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) or estrogen receptor beta (ERβ), leading to ER dimerization and association with various co-factors. (biomedcentral.com)

IL-10 R beta is also a component of the receptor complexes for IL-10, IL-26, IL-28, and IL-29 (1, 2). (rndsystems.com)
Complement and complement receptors play a critical role in immune defense by initiating the rapid destruction of invading microorganisms, amplifying the innate and adaptive immune responses, and mediating solubilization and clearance of immune complexes. (medscape.com)
The CR1 receptor preferentially binds C3b that is covalently attached to immune complexes, and it has a weaker affinity for bound C4b and iC3b. (medscape.com)

Contagious human coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) binds to the receptors of human host cells by transmembrane spike glycoprotein that makes homotrimers protruding from viral surface region[ 9 , 10 ]. (ijpsonline.com)

HcZrt2, a zinc responsive gene, is indispensable for the survival of Histoplasma capsulatum in vivo. (uc.edu)

This glucose-induced increase in microsomal DAG was attended by increases in immunoreactive PKC alpha, beta, and epsilon. (jci.org)

Transposable elements are able to affect conserved and divergent chromatin looping and contribute to cell- and species-specific gene regulation [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Protein farnesylation in plants is of great interest because of its important roles in the regulation of plant development, responses to environmental stresses, and defense against pathogens. (bvsalud.org)
They are encoded by separate but linked genes termed regulation of complement activation (RCA) genes, located on the q32 region of chromosome 1. (medscape.com)

The NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays pivotal roles in inflammation and autoimmunity. (spandidos-publications.com)

Protease-activated receptors (PARs) and the neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) belong to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family. (scientificarchives.com)
They are single-chain molecules present on host cellular membranes and belong to the complement control protein family. (medscape.com)

The autoimmune attack occurs when autoantibodies form against the nicotinic acetylcholine postsynaptic receptors at the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscles (see the image below). (medscape.com)

With the growing understanding of GVHD pathogenesis, there is increasing attraction to non-HLA genotype as a tool to GVHD prediction in the last ten years [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)

The cells overexpressing this protein have been found to have enhanced responses to IL28A and IL29, but decreased response to IL28B. (wikipedia.org)
Cell number should be determined empirically but can range from 10^5 to 10^8 cells/test. (thermofisher.com)
The histocompatibility differences between the donor and the recipient, the presence of donor's immunocompetent cells, and the inability of the recipient to reject these cells were defined as the basic pathogenic prerequisites for GVHD development by Billingham in 1966 [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
RESULTS: Since protein farnesylation does not occur in prokaryotic cells, we co-expressed a known PFT substrate (i.e. (bvsalud.org)
Additionally, we determined the localization of the CXCR1 receptor in Caco-2 BBE cells and human intestinal tissue samples and investigated the role of IL-8 autocrine signalling using transcriptomics. (biomedcentral.com)
Despite factors in codon, all apoptotic dwarfism genes person three employed cells( CRs) and each is with RAS and MEK synapses, although with pulmonary cyclins. (evakoch.com)
Similar augmentation of cAMP accumulation after pertussis toxin treatment was observed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells transfected with, and stably expressing, the CB1 receptor. (jneurosci.org)
In samples incubated with S(-) and R(+) warfarin alone, the multi-task protein Protein SET showed significant elevation in cells incubated with S(-) warfarin but not in those incubated with R(+) warfarin. (bcl2signaling.com)
In cells incubated with individual enantiomers of warfarin in the QNZ concentration presence of vitamin K, protein disulfide isomerase A3 which is known as a glucose-regulated protein, in cells incubated with S(-) warfarin was found to be down-regulated compared to those incubated with R(+) warfarin. (bcl2signaling.com)

Vitamin D receptors are expressed on the principal cell populations involved in the innate and adaptive immune responses. (springer.com)

The protein produced by this gene is an endogenous pyrogen that can induce fever in people with autoimmune diseases or infections. (thermofisher.com)

The density of CR1 receptors on cell surfaces varies with the cell type and with the activation of the cell for neutrophils and monocytes. (medscape.com)

Anatomy25

Organisms13

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs131

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment26

Phenomena and Processes58

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Cytokine14

Cell surface r1

Kinase5

Cytokines7

Secretion3

Immunity1

Constitutively expressed1

Inflammatory response3

Regulates4

20233

Inhibit5

Expression13

Transcriptional1

Membrane10

Proliferation2

Interferon1

Differentiation2

Extracellular4

Tumor necro2

Adenylate cyclase2

Intracellular3

Mice7

Stimulatory4

Neurons4

Inhibition1

Pathophysiology1

Induces2

Antigenic2

Mutations1

ELISA2

Regulatory4

Factor5

Motif1

Pathway4

20221

Antibody3

Deficiency1

Predominantly1

Transcription2

Assay2

MRNA and protein2

Hsp701

Mediates1

Complexes3

Binds1

Responsive1

Immunoreactive1

Regulation3

Pivotal1

Belong2

Occurs1

Pathogenesis1

Cells9

Innate1

Autoimmune diseases1

Monocytes1