Protein centromere. Medical search. Frequent questions

Centromeres are the differentiated chromosomal domains that specify the mitotic behavior of chromosomes. (creative-biolabs.com)
The centromere is an essential chromosomal region required for accurate chromosome segregation. (researchgate.net)
Chromosomal centromeres attached to microtubules and pulled to opposite poles of the cell during mitosis are retained in the chromatin structure even when the cell is done dividing. (genengnews.com)
The chromosomal proteins play a role in the regulation of DNA and are called the epigenome. (carnivorousplants.org)
Centromeres provide chromosomal points of attachment to the cellular segregation machinery, linking chromosomes to the proteins that pull them to the cell poles during both somatic and germline cell divisions. (jax.org)

Unlike other centromere-associated proteins, it is not present during interphase and first appears at the centromere region of chromosomes during prometaphase. (wikipedia.org)
Kinetochores are protein complexes on the chromosomes, whose function as linkers between spindle microtubules and chromosomes is crucial for proper cell division. (nature.com)
Just like you might use a belt to keep your clothes in place, the centromere holds a pair of chromatids together and attaches it to the mitotic spindle during cell division to ensure that each daughter cell ends up with the correct number of chromosomes. (genengnews.com)
This default mode of centromere distribution is called the Rabl configuration after the 19th century cytologist Carl Rabl who was the first to note the continuity of chromosomes throughout cell division. (genengnews.com)
DNA and histone proteins are packaged into structures called chromosomes. (medlineplus.gov)

Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Centromere Protein F (CENPF) in Tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids. (kits-elisa.com)
Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Human Centromere Protein F (CENPF) in samples from Tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species. (kits-elisa.com)
More recently, we found that embryos cultured with anti-CENP-A (centromere protein-A) antibody had significant growth impairment and/or high mortality [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Component of the CENPA-NAC (nucleosome-associated) complex, a complex that plays a central role in assembly of kinetochore proteins, mitotic progression and chromosome segregation. (antikoerper-online.de)
Centromeres and pseudoautosomal regions (PARs) are highly specialized chromatin domains that are indispensable for proper chromosome segregation. (jax.org)
Mutations that disrupt centromere integrity or reduce homology between X- and Y-linked PARs can lead to chromosome segregation errors and constitute important genetic mechanisms for cancer, cellular senescence, and infertility. (jax.org)

This gene encodes a centromere protein which contains a histone H3 related histone fold domain that is required for targeting to the centromere. (creative-biolabs.com)
Centromere protein A is proposed to be a component of a modified nucleosome or nucleosome-like structure in which it replaces 1 or both copies of conventional histone H3 in the (H3-H4)2 tetrameric core of the nucleosome particle. (creative-biolabs.com)
The protein is a replication-independent histone that is a member of the histone H3 family. (creative-biolabs.com)
Centromere protein A (CENP-A) is a 17 kD centromere-specific histone variant with 62% amino acids homology to the C-terminal of histone H3. (novusbio.com)
Most eukaryotic centromeres are defined epigenetically by the histone H3 variant, centromere protein (CENP)-A, yet how its self-propagation is achieved remains poorly understood. (researchgate.net)

One of the annoying things about all three papers is that they use the words "gene" and "protein-coding gene" as synonyms. (blogspot.com)

Localized in the centromere, it plays a central role in the centromere-specific chromatin formation. (novusbio.com)
In the Rabl configuration, the free ends of the chromatids-another region of condensed chromatin called telomeres-are clustered at the opposite end of the nucleus, with respect to the centromeres. (genengnews.com)
One might expect that the position of centromeres and telomeres could influence the organization of chromatin and thereby regulate gene expression. (genengnews.com)
To their surprise, they found little difference in gene expression, indicating the robustness of chromatin organization regardless of the type of centromere distribution. (genengnews.com)

The current estimates are about 20,000 protein-coding genes and about 5,000 genes for functional RNAs. (blogspot.com)
Aside from the obvious highly conserved genes for ubiquitous RNAs (rRNA, tRNAs etc.), protein-coding genes are the easiest to recognize from looking at a genome sequence. (blogspot.com)
There are about 20,000 potential protein-coding genes in the human genome. (blogspot.com)
Proteins for 85% of these genes have been detected by various assays. (blogspot.com)
Over the years, the number of protein-coding genes in the human genome has dropped from the initial reports of about 30,000 to about 20,000. (blogspot.com)
The gene-finding algorithms tend to over-predict the number of protein-coding genes and subsequent annotation leads to a "finished" genome sequence that eliminates all the false positives. (blogspot.com)
Several thousand more genes have matched to proteins in various ways. (blogspot.com)
That still left thousand of putative genes with no evidence that they actually make a protein. (blogspot.com)
Sandwalk: How many human protein-coding genes are essential for cell survival? (blogspot.com)
The human genome contains about 20,000 protein-coding genes and about 5,000 genes that specify functional RNAs. (blogspot.com)
Some of them are the protein-coding genes for RNA polymerase subunits, ribosomal proteins, enzymes of lipid metabolism, and many other enzymes. (blogspot.com)
Each group identified between 1500 and 2000 protein-coding genes that are essential in their chosen cell lines. (blogspot.com)
The only genes they screened were protein-coding genes but the authors act as though that covers ALL genes. (blogspot.com)
2015). What they meant is that they represent 9.2% of protein-coding genes. (blogspot.com)
The characterization of new miRNA target genes and a unique profile for crasiRNAs has allowed for insight into multiple RNA mediated processes in the tammar, including gene regulation, species incompatibilities, centromere and chromosome function. (biomedcentral.com)
The location of the centromere on each chromosome gives the chromosome its characteristic shape, and can be used to help describe the location of specific genes. (medlineplus.gov)
Eukaryotic expression vectors containing genes encoding plant proteins for killing of cancer cells. (weeksmd.com)
consequently, genes encoding some of these proteins are being used to design constructs for the inhibition of multiplying cancer cells. (weeksmd.com)
Cellular DNA-binding proteins encoded by the rel gene (GENES, REL). (bvsalud.org)

Centromere-associated protein E is a kinesin-like motor protein that accumulates in the G2 phase of the cell cycle. (wikipedia.org)
Centromere-associated protein-E (CENP-E) is an essential mitotic kinesin that is required for efficient, stable microtubule capture at kinetochores. (rupress.org)
Bod1 depletion does not affect the activity or localization of Aurora B but does cause mislocalization of the microtubule depolymerase mitotic centromere- associated kinesin and prevents its efficient phosphorylation by Aurora B. Therefore, Bod1 is a novel kinetochore protein that is required for the detection or resolution of syntelic attachments in mitotic spindles. (rupress.org)

1998). "Active MAP kinase in mitosis: localization at kinetochores and association with the motor protein CENP-E". J. Cell Biol. (wikipedia.org)
We divided mice into three groups: human recombinant centromere protein-A (human CENP-A, HA) and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) were used to immunize mice for the study group (HA + CFA), and mice injected with CFA (CFA group) or saline (Saline group), respectively, served as controls. (biomedcentral.com)

A family of inhibitory proteins which bind to the REL PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS and modulate their activity. (bvsalud.org)

The transport of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells is mediated by the nuclear pore complex (NPC), which consists of 60-100 proteins. (thermofisher.com)
This whole package of DNA (genome) and protein (epigenome) in a chromosome is what controls the development and maintenance of eukaryotic organisms (protists, fungi, animals, and plants). (carnivorousplants.org)
in eukaryotic cells the most important of these proteins are the histones . (wikipedia.org)

Centromere protein C 1 is a centromere autoantigen and a component of the inner kinetochore plate. (antibodies-online.com)

PNA FISH Centromere probes are recommended for tracking chromosome aberrations in the centromere such as trisomy and polysomy. (eurogentec.com)

We also did selective epitope mapping using BLAST and showed similarities and homology between spike, nucleoprotein, and many other SARS-CoV-2 proteins with the human tissue antigens mitochondria M2, F-actin and TPO. (frontiersin.org)
Cross-reactivity occurs when amino acid sequence homology exists between a pathogen and self-tissue proteins ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)

A collection of microtubules (structural proteins) called a centrosome also replicates. (coursehero.com)

This is called the non-Rabl configuration and involves an active rearrangement of centromeres and telomeres during interphase-the period between mitosis. (genengnews.com)
Once the cell has divided and entered interphase, CRWN proteins stabilize the positions of the scattered centromeres on the inner surface of the nuclear envelop, in the second step. (genengnews.com)
A cell spends most of its time in interphase, during which it mostly performs its normal functions, such as protein synthesis. (coursehero.com)

The first of these is Bod1, a protein conserved throughout metazoans that associates with a large macromolecular complex and localizes with kinetochores and spindle poles during mitosis. (rupress.org)

A protein consists of one or more chains of amino acids (called polypeptides) whose sequence is encoded in a gene. (genome.gov)
Therefore, we designed a protein-free dispersion media containing phospholipids and amino acids in an isotonic balanced electrolyte solution, a solution for nasal and olfactory transport (SNOT). (cdc.gov)

We sought to determine whether immune reactivity occurs between anti-SARS-CoV-2 protein antibodies and human tissue antigens, and whether molecular mimicry between COVID-19 viral proteins and human tissues could be the cause. (frontiersin.org)

Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Human Centromere Protein F (CENPF) in samples from tissue homogenates, cell lysates or other biological fluids. (kits-elisa.com)
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Human Centromere protein F(CENPF) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. (kits-elisa.com)

Since their discovery, scientists have noted that the arrangement of centromeres in the nucleus between cell divisions differs among species, cell-types, cell-cycle stage, and the cell's state of specialization, but neither the underlying mechanism of their seemingly random nuclear distribution nor its biological significance was clear, until now. (genengnews.com)
If the positions of centromeres upon cell division do not change, they cluster on one side of the nucleus. (genengnews.com)
On the other hand, in some species centromeres and telomeres are evenly distributed at the periphery of the nucleus. (genengnews.com)
In the CYTOPLASM, I-kappa B proteins bind to the transcription factor NF-KAPPA B. Cell stimulation causes its dissociation and translocation of active NF-kappa B to the nucleus. (bvsalud.org)

Decreased expression of six RNA species was seen at various time points in all cell strains analyzed, these were: plasminogen activator (PLAT), centromere protein F (CPF), replication factor C (RFC3), thymidylate synthetase (TYMS), a putative mitotic checkpoint kinase (BUB1) and a gene of unknown function (GenBank accession number AI859865). (cdc.gov)

As part of the genome sequencing initiative for the tammar, we have explored the evolution of each of the major classes of mammalian small RNAs in an Australian marsupial for the first time, including the first genome-scale analysis of the newest class of small RNAs, centromere repeat associated short interacting RNAs (crasiRNAs). (biomedcentral.com)
Despite their fundamental significance for chromosome transmission and genome stability, little is known about the levels and patterns of genetic diversity across centromeres and the PAR, or the biological impacts of this variation. (jax.org)

The mature miRNA is then loaded onto an Argonaute protein (Ago2 in humans) where it then interacts with and regulates the mRNA target. (biomedcentral.com)

Together with LINC, CII plays a role in scattering centromeres around the nuclear periphery during late anaphase, when the cell membrane invaginates, and telophase, when daughter cells physically separate during the terminal stages of cell division. (genengnews.com)
Mn, serum Mn, urine Mn, Centromere-positive micronuclei in periphery blood lymphocytes, DNA protein-crosslinks in peripheral white blood cells, oxidative stress as urinary 8OHdG, and long-term oxidative damage measured as erythrocytic superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (measure of systemic oxidative stress) and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) (product of lipid peroxidation and reflect tissue injuries). (who.int)

The HSP70 gene family encodes the major heat shock protein of molecular weight 70,000. (blogspot.com)

If the protein is expressed in many different species then the exon sequences will be conserved and it's easy for a computer program to identify the gene. (blogspot.com)

We applied both human monoclonal anti-SARS-Cov-2 antibodies (spike protein, nucleoprotein) and rabbit polyclonal anti-SARS-Cov-2 antibodies (envelope protein, membrane protein) to 55 different tissue antigens. (frontiersin.org)

Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure. (medlineplus.gov)

The bar plot below shows the proportion of tumor samples that have any kind of altering mutation(s) in the given protein. (phosphosite.org)
Similarly, TP53 mutation does not always lead to the accumulation of p53 protein in cells. (spandidos-publications.com)

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were performed to detect the expression of p53 protein and gene deletion in ESCC tissue samples from different ethnic groups in Xinjiang, in order to analyze their association with clinicopathological characteristics and patient prognosis, as well as the sensitivity and specificity of the two methods. (spandidos-publications.com)

Using the plant Arabidopsis thaliana , also known as thale cress, as their model for non-Rabl configuration, and its mutant form with a Rabl configuration, the scientists found the protein complexes CII (condensin II) and LINC (linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton) work together to determine centromere distribution during cell division. (genengnews.com)
Functional dissection of protein complexes involved in yeast chromosome biology using a genetic interaction map. (thebiogrid.org)
however, even knowledge of the stoichiometry, affinity and lifetime of every protein-protein interaction would not reveal the functional relationships between and within such complexes. (thebiogrid.org)

Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein. (yeastgenome.org)

A centromere , the point on a chromosome that attaches to the spindle fibers with a kinetochore during cell division, attaches the sister chromatids. (coursehero.com)

The sequence of the Biotin-labeled centromere probe AAACTAGACAGAAGCATT is 5' labeled by the Biotin fluorescent Dye. (eurogentec.com)
Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. (yeastgenome.org)
Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. (yeastgenome.org)
The highly repetitive sequence content of these regions poses a major barrier to their molecular analysis, and the PAR and centromeres remain unassembled or incompletely assembled on many of highest quality reference genomes, including mouse. (jax.org)

Take any tissue or groups of cells and isolate all the proteins. (blogspot.com)
We found that SARS-CoV-2 antibodies had reactions with 28 out of 55 tissue antigens, representing a diversity of tissue groups that included barrier proteins, gastrointestinal, thyroid and neural tissues, and more. (frontiersin.org)
In this mechanism, antibodies formed against SARS-CoV-2 would also bind to human tissue proteins leading to autoimmune reactivity. (frontiersin.org)

Composed of tightly packaged, rapidly evolving satellite DNA with conserved functions, centromeres pose conundrums on several levels. (genengnews.com)

RNA interference (RNAi) is critical for the assembly of heterochromatin at Schizosaccharomyces pombe centromeres. (rcsb.org)

An amino acid is the fundamental molecule that serves as the building block for proteins. (genome.gov)
Each time an amino acid is added to a growing polypeptide during protein synthesis, a tRNA anticodon pairs with its complementary codon on the mRNA molecule, ensuring that the appropriate amino acid is inserted into the polypeptide. (genome.gov)
Each chromosome consists of one very long molecule of DNA twisted around proteins. (carnivorousplants.org)
These proteins, aided by chaperone proteins , bind to and condense the DNA molecule to maintain its integrity. (wikipedia.org)

The most obvious way of confirming a potential protein-coding gene is to find and confirm synthesis of a functional protein. (blogspot.com)
Defining the functional relationships between proteins is critical for understanding virtually all aspects of cell biology. (thebiogrid.org)

The detection of mutant p53 protein by immunohistochemistry (IHC) has some limitations. (spandidos-publications.com)

For example, viral infection, stress and the regulation of other proteins can also change the aggregation of p53 protein ( 20 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

For example, one of the predicted fragments of the human serum albumin protein is FKDLGEENFK (ends in lysine=K). This has an exact molecular mass of 1226.59 so if you find a peptide of that size in your mixture then it probably means that human serum albumin was present. (blogspot.com)
Full length human recombinant protein of human KIF2C produced in HEK293T cell. (thermofisher.com)

Some of them encode proteins, some of them specify abundant RNAs like tRNAs and ribosomal RNAs, some of them are responsible for making a variety of small catalytic RNAs, and some unknown fraction may specify regulatory RNAs (e.g. lncRNAs). (blogspot.com)
Using next generation sequencing, we have characterized the major classes of small RNAs, micro (mi) RNAs, piwi interacting (pi) RNAs, and the centromere repeat associated short interacting (crasi) RNAs in the tammar. (biomedcentral.com)

We believe the answer is probable, since some of the systemic disease clinical manifestations of COVID-19 cannot be explained solely by the binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins with cell membranes of tissues that exhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). (frontiersin.org)
Systemic sclerosis causes an overproduction of collagen and other proteins in various tissues. (msdmanuals.com)

In practice you want to identify several unique peptide masses for each protein just to be sure. (blogspot.com)

Centromere-associated protein E is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CENPE gene. (wikipedia.org)
Sandwalk: How many proteins do humans make? (blogspot.com)
How many proteins do humans make? (blogspot.com)

In a cell, antisense DNA serves as the template for producing messenger RNA (mRNA), which directs the synthesis of a protein. (genome.gov)

Advancing technology in the past 15 years has made it possible to identify individual proteins even though they may be present in just a few copies per cell. (blogspot.com)
The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between tumor protein 53 (TP53) gene deletion and protein expression and clinical features in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and to evaluate the predictive value of these two characteristics in the prognosis of ESCC. (spandidos-publications.com)

Anatomy23

Organisms6

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs24

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment5

Phenomena and Processes49

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Chromosomal5

Chromosomes5

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Histone5

Synonyms1

Chromatin4

Genes19

Kinesin3

CENP2

Proto-Oncogene1

Eukaryotic3

Autoantigen1

Recommended for tracking c1

Homology2

Structural proteins1

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Kinase1

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Interacts1

Periphery2

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Human2

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