Proteases mice intestinal mucosa. Medical search. Frequent questions

Evidence has been presented that TFF3 isolated from milk strongly correlates with downregulation of IL-6 and IL-8 in human intestinal epithelial cells. (wikipedia.org)
These findings suggest that TFF can activate intestinal epithelial cells and could actively participate in the immune system of breastfed babies by inducing the production of peptides related to innate defence, such as defensins. (wikipedia.org)
During lactation, TFF3 secreted in human milk may activate intestinal epithelial cells through PAR-2 receptors, which in turn induces hBD2 and hBD4 expression and cytokine regulation. (wikipedia.org)
We found that human intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) triggered IgA(2) class switching in B cells, including IgA(1)-expressing B cells arriving from mucosal follicles, through a CD4(+) T cell-independent pathway involving a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL). (nih.gov)
T cell immunity is at the center of the disease contributing to the inflammatory process through the loss of tolerance to gluten and the differentiation of HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8-restricted anti-gluten inflammatory CD4 + T cells secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines and to the killing of intestinal epithelial cells by cytotoxic intraepithelial CD8 + lymphocytes. (frontiersin.org)

Their functions are diverse, including protection of the mucosa, thickening of the mucus, and increasing epithelial healing rates. (wikipedia.org)
The first evidence of amoebic pathology is local depletion of intestinal mucus and disruption of the epithelial barrier as a result of degradation of the extracellular matrix, which occurs in part from the action of cysteine proteases. (blastocystis.net)
adherent gastric mucus viewed under bright field on a transverse section 1.6 mm thick) of rat gastric mucosa. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
Three distinct phases can be seen clearly: mucosa, mucus gel layer, and bathing solution. (comprehensivephysiology.com)

TFF comprises the gastric peptides (TFF1), spasmolytic peptide (TFF2), and the intestinal trefoil factor (TFF3, this protein). (wikipedia.org)
7. Protect gastric mucosa and prevent liver damage. (ganoherb.com)
Innate immune cells play a decisive role in host fate by enabling high bacterial loads and minimizing the immunological impact of this burden in the gastric mucosa. (nimml.org)
Furthermore, Cripto-1 expression is significantly increased in premalignant lesions, such as colon adenomas, intestinal metaplasia of the gastric mucosa and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast[ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
reepithelialized mucosa: rat gastric mucosa after exposure to 70% (vol/vol) ethanol for 45 s and rapid wash with 0.9% (wt/vol) sodium chloride followed by 0.9% (wt/vol) sodium chloride for 1 h. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
Gastric cancer is the fourth commonest ently reported that H. pylori eradication were subjected to routine history and malignant disorder and the second com- can lead to a regression of acute gastritis clinical examination, fol owed by an monest cause of cancer-related death and intestinal metaplasia, and that such upper gastrointestinal endoscopic ex- worldwide [1]. (who.int)

In the HAI-1-deficient intestine, inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6, were upregulated in normal mucosa. (oncotarget.com)
Furthermore, increased nuclear translocation of NF-κB was observed in both normal mucosa and tumor tissues of HAI-1-deficient Apc Min/+ intestines, and an NF-κB target gene, such as urokinase-type plasminogen activator, was upregulated in the HAI-1-deficient tumor tissues. (oncotarget.com)
Under AFI endoscopy, a strong fluorescence signal was observed in orthotopic GIST xenografts in rats through the normal mucosa covering the tumor. (thno.org)
SMTs are derived from mesenchymal cells and are generally covered with normal mucosa. (thno.org)

Hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type 1 (HAI-1), encoded by the Spint1 gene, is a membrane-bound serine protease inhibitor expressed on the epithelial cell surface. (oncotarget.com)
Proteases are classified on the basis of catalytic mechanism, and five known distinct classes are described: metallo, aspartic, cysteine, serine, and threonine. (blastocystis.net)

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor (SI-NET) is a rare disease, but its incidence has increased over the past 4 decades. (bvsalud.org)
To assess the role of an individual HDAC isoenzyme in physiology and tumor development, HDAC2-mutant mice were generated from a gene trap embryonic stem cell clone. (aacrjournals.org)
Crossing of HDAC2-mutant with tumor-prone APC min mice revealed tumor rates that are lower in HDAC2-deficient mice by 10% to 100% depending on segment of the gut and sex of the mice. (aacrjournals.org)
These mice provide evidence that the key functions of HDAC2, although not essential for survival of the organism, play a rate-limiting role for tumor development in vivo . (aacrjournals.org)
Ganoderma lucidum inhibits the growth of transplanted tumors in mice mainly by enhancing anti-tumor immunity, inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, and inhibiting tumor immune escape. (ganoherb.com)
Tumor-specific accumulation of IR700-12A8 was observed in GIST-T1 xenografts in mice. (thno.org)
Moreover, in vivo , the proliferation of the tumor cells was evaluated in xenotransplant nude mice model with whole-body visualizing instrument. (biomedcentral.com)
In vivo , the average weight ( p = 0.026) and volume ( p = 0.044) of tumor in CNE-2/GFP + /Cripto-1 - xenotransplant mice group were significantly lower than those in the control group. (biomedcentral.com)

ER stress has a unique role in the epithelium and can be both a primary cause as well as a consequence of intestinal inflammation. (biomedcentral.com)
One feature of inflammation-associated gut microbiotas is enrichment of motile bacteria, which can facilitate microbiota encroachment into the mucosa and activate pro-inflammatory gene expression. (nature.com)
The link between elevated microbiota flagellin levels and intestinal inflammation is thought to involve flagellin's ability to activate pro-inflammatory gene expression via TLR5 and the NLRC4 inflammasome. (nature.com)
Ganoderma lucidum can inhibit the inflammation of the digestive tract induced by drugs and fungal infections, improve the immune function of the intestinal mucosa, and regulate the imbalance of intestinal flora. (ganoherb.com)

Distinct pathways of cell migration and antiapoptotic response to epithelial injury: structure-function analysis of human intestinal trefoil factor. (embl.de)
The trefoil peptide intestinal trefoil factor (ITF) plays a critical role in the protection of colonic mucosa and is essential to restitution after epithelial damage. (embl.de)

They are stable secretory proteins expressed in gastrointestinal mucosa. (wikipedia.org)
On the basis of high-throughput transcriptomics data, we identify whipworm proteins that are highly expressed in the anterior region of the parasite, that is, in intimate contact with the cytoplasm of host intestinal cells and the immune system. (nature.com)
Proteases -such as trypsin, pepsin, and fruit proteases bromelain (from pineapple) and papain (from papaya)-break down proteins into amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. (mindbodygreen.com)
3 Pursuing experimental dental or intragastric publicity of rodents to scrapie, infectivity and/or disease-associated protease-resistant prion proteins (PrPSc) accumulate quickly in Peyers areas (PPs), gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), and ganglia from the enteric anxious program 4,5 a long time before they are discovered in the central anxious system (CNS). (kinasechem.com)

We show, in mice, that repeated injection of flagellin elicits increases in fecal anti-flagellin IgA and alterations in microbiota composition, reduces fecal flagellin concentration, prevents microbiota encroachment, protects against IL-10 deficiency-induced colitis, and ameliorates diet-induced obesity. (nature.com)
An array of chronic inflammatory diseases are associated with dysbiosis in the intestinal microbiota and a breakdown in the normally mutually beneficial host-microbiota relationship. (nature.com)

Mucosa was formalin fixed, embedded in paraffin wax, and sections were stained with periodic acid‐Schiff stain for mucin. (comprehensivephysiology.com)

They play a key role in the maintenance of the surface integrity of oral mucosa and enhance healing of the gastrointestinal mucosa by a process called restitution. (wikipedia.org)
Coordinated localisation of mucins and trefoil peptides in the ulcer associated cell lineage and the gastrointestinal mucosa. (embl.de)
Coordinated localisation of trefoil peptides and mucins in UACL and normal gastrointestinal epithelia suggests they may assist each others' functions in protection and repair of gastrointestinal mucosa. (embl.de)
The use of genetically engineered mice with both gain-of-function and loss-of-function mutations has been particularly informative about the normal and pathophysiological actions of a number of regulatory peptides of the gastrointestinal tract. (embl.de)

Gene expression data from mice with low-dose whipworm infection provide a detailed description of a regulated T H 1-like immune response to the infected cecum that is not limited to the immediate site of infection. (nature.com)

The enzyme is involved in wound healing, and studies in mice suggest that it regulates the activity of defensins in intestinal mucosa. (cancerindex.org)

Bacillary cells and stichocytes are distinctive cell types found only in clade I nematodes 5 and are located in the slender anterior part of the adult whipworm that is burrowed within the intestinal epithelium. (nature.com)

An alteration of the intestinal bacteria results in microbial dysbiosis. (encyclopedia.pub)

Extracellular cysteine proteases cleave immune secretory IgA (facilitating adhesion of the organism (pathogen) to mucosal surfaces), degrade the extracellular matrix, activate complement, and degrade IgG to circumvent the host immune response. (blastocystis.net)
Intestinal mucosal immunity has an important degree of protection against international pathogens. (kinasechem.com)

Specifically, we showed that HGFAC R509H was activated by thrombin protease activity but exhibited impaired proteolytic activation of the growth factor macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP). (bvsalud.org)

X. Trefoil peptide and EGF receptor/ligand transgenic mice. (embl.de)

These mice are well-suited to dissect the function of mucosa-associated immune system tissues as a result, including B cells, in the pathogenesis of enterically-initiated prion disease. (kinasechem.com)

Thus, we investigated the effect of dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin (DHMEQ), a synthetic inhibitor of NF-κB, on intestinal HAI-1-deficient Apc Min/+ mice. (oncotarget.com)
Recommendations for PEP have been modified to include a basic 4-week regimen of two drugs (zidovudine and lamivudine) for most HIV exposures and an expanded regimen that includes the addition of a protease inhibitor (indinavir or nelfinavir) for HIV exposures that pose an increased risk for transmission or where resistance to one or more of the antiretroviral agents recommended for PEP is known or suspected. (cdc.gov)

The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate the mature protease. (cancerindex.org)

We generate fluorescent protein-tagged proteases as tools to visualize the transport pathways of the enzymes in eukaryotic cells, study the function of cysteine cathepsins in systemic approaches comprising transgenic mouse models, and use quantitative cell biology for image analyses. (jacobs-university.de)
Entamoeba histolytica expresses at least 5 types of cysteine proteases (ACP1, ACP2, ACP3, EhCP5, and EhCP112) and can invade host tissue (leading to amoebiasis), while Entamoeba dispar expresses at least three types of cysteine proteases (EdCP1, EdCP2, and EdCP3) without the ability to invade host tissue. (blastocystis.net)
More than 80% of patients with amoebiasis develop antibodies against cysteine proteases. (blastocystis.net)
Importantly, cysteine proteases are critical to host invasion in a number of parasites. (blastocystis.net)
Showing posts with label cysteine protease . (blastocystis.net)

We have previously reported that the intestine-specific Spint1 -deleted Apc Min/+ mice showed accelerated formation of intestinal tumors. (oncotarget.com)
Treatment with DHMEQ reduced the formation of intestinal tumors compared with vehicle control in the HAI-1-deficient Apc Min/+ mice. (oncotarget.com)

The bulbous posterior end of the whipworm lies free in the intestinal lumen and harbors the reproductive organs, giving adult Trichuris parasites their characteristic whip-like morphology. (nature.com)

A disruption of the intestinal microflora and its associated consequences can influence the pathology of various diseases, including aging [ 10 ] [ 11 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

Human Cripto-1, also known as teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor-1 (TDGF-1), is a member of the Epidermal growth factor-cripto FRL1 cryptic (EGF-CFC) family (Cripto in humans, FRL1 in Xenopus, and Cryptic in mice), which is indispensable for early embryonic development[ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The body makes a variety of digestive enzymes, from amylase in saliva to proteases in the stomach to lipase in the small intestine. (mindbodygreen.com)
Being enzymes, proteases digest substrates, can be inhibited, and their functions are dependent on pH and temperature. (blastocystis.net)

For instance, C57BL/6J mice are resistant to hepatic, renal and cardiac fibrosis but susceptible to pulmonary and intestinal fibrosis. (biomedcentral.com)
However, BALB/c mice are resistant to pulmonary fibrosis but susceptible to hepatic fibrosis. (biomedcentral.com)

5 Richter et al 6 reported elevated mast cell numbers in association with increased transforming growth factor-β immunoreactivity in radiation induced enteropathy in rats, which is characterised by intestinal wall fibrosis, serosal thickening, and chronic ulceration. (bmj.com)

BACKGROUND/AIMS Intestinal fibrosis and stricture formation is an unresolved problem in Crohn's disease. (bmj.com)
In fibrosing colonopathy, a complication observed in children with cystic fibrosis treated with high strength pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy, an accumulation of mast cells was observed in the intestinal strictures. (bmj.com)
These studies provide evidence that mast cells with their plethora of mediators may be involved in intestinal fibrosis, a notion supported by the observation of mast cell hyperplasia and activation in a variety of clinical and experimental situations in which fibrosis is prominent. (bmj.com)
However, liver cirrhosis and intestinal stricture formation are not common in mast cell disease, indicating that besides mast cells additional factors or specific stimulation of mast cells may be necessary to induce severe fibrosis. (bmj.com)
A total of 44 studies were included covering 21 mouse strains and focusing on fibrosis in the lung, liver, kidney, intestine and heart. (biomedcentral.com)
There is evidence that mouse strain differences influence susceptibility to fibrosis and this appears to be organ specific. (biomedcentral.com)
Such mouse strain studies may prove useful in elucidating the genetic as well as epigenetic factors in humans that could help determine why some people are more susceptible to the development of certain organ specific fibrosis than others. (biomedcentral.com)
To date, the Mouse Genome Database through The Jackson Laboratory, lists 24 QTL in mice associated with fibrosis of which all but 3 are phenotypes in the lung. (biomedcentral.com)

They are the first class 1 HDAC mutant mice that are viable although they are ∼25% smaller than their littermates. (aacrjournals.org)

mice have problems with severely-reduced cellularity of PPs (>90% much less B and T cells) 17 and from impaired intestinal immunity in a number of disease versions. (kinasechem.com)

MUC2 and TFF3 were colocalised throughout the large and small bowel mucosa. (embl.de)

We report here the whole-genome sequences of the human-infective Trichuris trichiura and the mouse laboratory model Trichuris muris . (nature.com)
T. muris is an established laboratory mouse model for human trichuriasis and shares with T. trichiura many aspects of its biology, including the specialized niche within the host. (nature.com)
Here we present high-quality genome sequences for T. trichiura and T. muris , the first duo of a major human STH and its mouse counterpart. (nature.com)
In the present study we examined the protective potential of exogenously administered human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) against Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS) induced acute colitis in immunodeficient NOD.CB 17 - Prkdc scid /J mice with particular attention to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. (biomedcentral.com)
Mice provide a suitable model for the study of human genetics because more than 95% of the genome is identical. (biomedcentral.com)

mice, which Capn1 have normal lymphocyte counts but lack the two cytokines TNF- and LT, 26 to B cell-deficient MT mice, 27 and to RAG-1? (kinasechem.com)

It can ameliorate liver damage in hyperthyroid mice. (ganoherb.com)

The distal intestine contains IgA(2), which is more resistant to bacterial proteases than is IgA(1). (nih.gov)
mice were highly resistant to oral challenge, and their intestines were virtually devoid of prion infectivity at all times after challenge. (kinasechem.com)

Mice with GIST-T1 xenografts or rats with orthotopic xenografts were injected with IR700-12A8 or AF488-conjugated antibody, and observed under IVIS or autofluorescence imaging (AFI) endoscopy. (thno.org)

METHODS Mast cells were visualised by immunohistochemical staining of the mast cell specific proteases chymase and tryptase. (bmj.com)
14 On the other hand, the function of intestinal B cells in prion pathogenesis pursuing oral challenge continues to be unclear. (kinasechem.com)
mice had some FDC-M1-positive cells in their atrophic Peyers patches, but not in spleen nor in lymph nodes. (kinasechem.com)
Here we show that prion replication in the GALT and subsequent neuroinvasion was independent of B cells within the mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue and that the remaining M 6H05 cells are most likely important for this process. (kinasechem.com)

In Hgfac R509H mice, reduced MSP activation in response to wounding of the colon resulted in impaired WAE cell induction and delayed healing. (bvsalud.org)
Los prebióticos son ingredientes no digeribles de la dieta que estimulan el crecimiento o la actividad de uno o más tipos de bacterias benéficas en el colon. (agrosavia.co)

and (B) by synthetic peptides, such as SLIGKV, that bind to the receptor, mimicking the actions of agonist proteases. (wikipedia.org)

The post-infectious IBS (PI-IBS) occurs in IBS patients with a history of intestinal infection preceding the onset of symptoms. (unboundmedicine.com)
An increase in IFN-γ levels and a decrease in IL-10 levels were found in the intestinal mucosa of PI-IBS patients, suggesting that the infection may affect the Th1/Th2 balance. (unboundmedicine.com)
L'étude portait sur 20 patients atteints d'un carcinome gastrique, 20 patients souffrant d'une gastrite à H. pylori et 20 personnes en tant que groupe témoin. (who.int)

These results suggested that insufficient HAI-1 function promotes intestinal carcinogenesis by activating NF-κB signaling. (oncotarget.com)

Our results demonstrated that UCMSCs are able to prevent DSS-induced colitis in immunodeficient mice. (biomedcentral.com)

These mice express a catalytically inactive fusion protein of the NH 2 -terminal part of HDAC2 and β-galactosidase, which fails to integrate into corepressor complexes with mSin3B. (aacrjournals.org)

In parallel, multiple technologies and manual finishing were used to produce an 85-Mb reference genome assembly from the more readily available mouse parasite species T. muris (Online Methods and Supplementary Note ). (nature.com)

While the study is small, investigation of Blastocystis proteases has been going on for a while, and I thought it would be useful to go over some of the literature. (blastocystis.net)
Data were collected from studies that were deemed eligible for analysis based on set inclusion criteria, and findings were assessed in relation to strain of mouse, type of injury and organ of investigation. (biomedcentral.com)

6,7 B lymphocytes play an essential function in peripheral prion pathogenesis: mice without B lymphocytes usually do not develop disease after intraperitoneal publicity. (kinasechem.com)
15 Integrin 47 has an important function in the homing of turned on lymphocytes to PPs also to the intestinal lamina propria. (kinasechem.com)
mice 28 which lack all T and B lymphocytes. (kinasechem.com)

Coeliac disease (CeD) is a multifactorial intestinal immune-mediated disorder with autoimmune features that leads to inflammatory and destructive lesions in the proximal small intestine. (frontiersin.org)

There is mounting evidence suggesting that inbred mouse strains with different genetic backgrounds demonstrate variable susceptibility to a fibrotic injury. (biomedcentral.com)
Mice are also easy to breed with a short generation time and a short life span allowing direct study of disease development and can accurately eludicidate how genetic sequences may vary in different strains and result in susceptibility to fibrotic pathologies. (biomedcentral.com)
Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis is a common genetic approach that has been used in the past two decades to identify loci involved in differences in fibrotic response between inbred strains of mice [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The study links protease activity to amoebic forms of Blastocystis, which the authors found in symptomatic carriers but not in asymptomatic carriers. (blastocystis.net)

Anatomy44

Organisms21

Diseases29

Chemicals and Drugs93

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment22

Phenomena and Processes41

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Health Care2

Epithelial cells5

Mucus4

Gastric6

Normal mucosa4

Serine2

Tumor8

Inflammation4

Trefoil factor2

Proteins4

Microbiota2

Mucin1

Gastrointestinal4

Gene1

Defensins1

Epithelium1

Dysbiosis1

Mucosal2

Thrombin1

Peptide1

Immune system1

Inhibitor2

Proteolytically processed1

Cysteine5

Tumors2

Lumen1

Disruption1

Embryonic1

Enzymes2

Hepatic2

Radiation-induced1

Fibrosis8

Mutant1

Immunity1

TFF31

Human5

Cytokines1

Liver1

Resistant2

Rats1

Cells4

Colon2

Receptor1

Patients3

Promotes1

RESULTS1

Protein1

Methods1

Investigation2

Lymphocytes3

Small1

Genetic3

Activity1