Promoter transforming growth factor beta. Medical search. Frequent questions

Tamizifar B, Lankarani K, Naeimi S, Zadeh MR, Taghavi A, Ghaderi A. Promoter polymorphism of transforming growth factor-β1 gene and ulcerative colitis. (wjgnet.com)
Ets factors and a newly identified polymorphism regulate Fli1 promoter activity in lymphocytes. (musc.edu)

The CD30 antigen is a type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. (medscape.com)
Upon binding, this complex translocates to the cytoplasm, where it interacts with TGF-beta receptor type-1 (TGFBR1), leading to the degradation of both the encoded protein and TGFBR1. (cancerindex.org)
METHODS: We have employed Methylation Specific PCR (MSP) to identify methylation sites within the Smad4 promoter and combined this with quantitative real-time PCR to look for correlates between methylation status and Smad4 expression and to examine androgen receptor (AR) expression. (ox.ac.uk)
EPHA1, EPHA2, EFNA3, and EFNA4 mRNA expression was significantly higher in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2- (HER2-) positive tumors than in HER2-negative tumors. (hindawi.com)
Wolff S, Harper PA, Wong JM, Mostert V, Wang Y, Abel J (2001) Cell-specific regulation of human aryl hydrocarbon receptor expression by transforming growth factor-beta(1). (extera-vm.com)
Unique and selective effects of five Ets family members, Elf3, Ets1, Ets2, PEA3, and PU.1, on the promoter of the type II transforming growth factor-beta receptor gene. (musc.edu)
Activation of the murine type II transforming growth factor-beta receptor gene: up-regulation and function of the transcription factor Elf-3/Ert/Esx/Ese-1. (musc.edu)
These diverse actions of glucocorticoids are mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which belongs to the nuclear receptor superfamily and functions as a hormone-dependent transcription factor. (brainimmune.com)
Growth factors that signal through tyrosine-kinase receptor families include the epidermal growth factor (EGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and transforming-growth factor-α (TGF-α). (janechin.net)
Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β) signals through a serine/threonine-kinase receptor pathway. (janechin.net)

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine belonging to the transforming growth factor superfamily that includes three different mammalian isoforms (TGF-β 1 to 3, HGNC symbols TGFB1, TGFB2, TGFB3) and many other signaling proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Although HMG proteins do not possess intrinsic transcriptional activity, they are called architectural transcription factors because they modulate the transcription of their target genes by altering the chromatin structure at the promoter and/or enhancers 15 . (nature.com)
Genetic instability of tumor cells may lead to altered expression of apoptotic proteins and immune-regulatory molecules, such as transforming growth factor-beta. (medscape.com)
The intestinal epithelial cell layer mediates selective protection against luminal contents by forming junctional complexes and releasing protective components like phospholipids, mucins, trefoil factor proteins, defensins, and secretory dimeric immunglobulins. (uni-regensburg.de)
Mostert V, Dreher I, Köhrle J, Wolff S, Abel J (2001) Modulation of selenoprotein P expression by TGF-beta(1) is mediated by Smad proteins. (extera-vm.com)
Factors mandating cellular consequence include cell surface-receptors, cytoplasmic proteins, and nuclear proteins. (janechin.net)
This protein mediates the signals of the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), which are involved in a range of biological activities including cell growth, apoptosis, morphogenesis, development and immune responses. (thermofisher.com)

Here we will focus on HMG AT-hook 2 protein (HMGA2), a member of the HMGA family that mediates transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1, commonly known as TGFβ1) signaling 16 . (nature.com)
Generally, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), COL1A1, BSP, RUNX2, transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFB1), osteonectin (ON), and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) are known to be early markers of osteoblastic differentiation, whereas OC and osteopontin (OPN) are expressed later in the differentiation process [ 20 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Promoters, enhancers and physical interactions between regions of DNA are important in ways that are only now becoming apparent, directing phases of development, and often perturbed in cancers. (birmingham.ac.uk)

TGF-β is secreted by many cell types, including macrophages, in a latent form in which it is complexed with two other polypeptides, latent TGF-beta binding protein (LTBP) and latency-associated peptide (LAP). (wikipedia.org)
Active DNA demethylation also requires GADD45A (growth arrest and DNA damage protein 45 alpha) and TET1 (ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase 1), which sequentially oxidize 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) 18 , 19 and are cleared through DNA repair mechanisms. (nature.com)
The protein encoded by this gene forms a heteromeric complex with type II TGF-beta receptors when bound to TGF-beta, transducing the TGF-beta signal from the cell surface to the cytoplasm. (nih.gov)
Aberrant DNA methylation of GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) promoters in. (oncotarget.com)
CONCLUSION: This indicates that epigenetic changes affect the expression of the Smad4 protein in prostate cancer and points to methylation of the promoter as a novel marker of and contributor to the disease warranting further study. (ox.ac.uk)
The SHH pathway should be off at most of the time, by the inhibition of specific factors such as Patched 1 (PTC1), Protein Kinase A (PKA), Casein Kinase1 (CK1), and Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta (GSK3b), and only valid at precise time points [ 98 ]. (regenmedres-journal.org)
E1/E3 deleted adenoviral reporter vector, CMV promoter, expresses green fluorescent protein. (umich.edu)

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether an aberrant DNA methylation of transcriptional and inflammatory factors, including TBX21, GATA3, RORγt, FOXP3, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17A and TGF-β , in CD4 + T confers risk to BD. (oncotarget.com)
We found that the promoter methylation level of GATA3, IL-4 and TGF-β was significantly up-regulated in active BD patients and negatively correlated with the corresponding mRNA expression. (oncotarget.com)
Promoter methylation correlates with reduced Smad4 expression in advanced prostate cancer. (ox.ac.uk)
RESULTS: We fail to find evidence of genomic deletions or amplifications affecting the Smad4 locus on chromosome 18 but show a correlation between promoter methylation and the loss of Smad4 expression in the same material. (ox.ac.uk)

Activated TGF-β complexes with other factors to form a serine/threonine kinase complex that binds to TGF-β receptors. (wikipedia.org)
TGF- elicits its mobile effects via relationship with three cell surface area receptors, the sort I, II and III changing development factor-beta ST3932 receptors (TRs). (accessibletech4all.org)

Im intestinalen LS174T Zellkulturmodell führten Stimulationen mit den Zytokinen Tumor Nekrose Faktor alpha (TNFa) und Transformierender Wachstumsfaktor beta (TGFb) zu einer Induktion der Mucin Expression, die durch die beiden NFkB Hemmer Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) und Carbobenzoxy-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucinal (MG132) verhindert werden konnte. (uni-regensburg.de)
A transducer of TGF-beta signaling known as Mothers against decapentaplegic homologue 4 (Smad4) is a known tumor suppressor found on chromosome 18q21.1 and is typically inactivated by deletion or mutation in pancreatic and colorectal cancers. (ox.ac.uk)
Bone grafting is a common procedure in orthopaedic surgery and the implantation of autologous bone grafts supplying osteoinductive growth factors, osteogenic cells, and a structural scaffold, has become the gold standard for the surgical treatment of bone defects caused by trauma, tumor, infection or congenital abnormalities. (biomedcentral.com)
Bclx is an anti-apoptotic oncogene that is activated in tumor growth. (umich.edu)
Through the development and initiation of individual cancers, the TGF-signaling pathway includes a dual function, originally suppressing tumor development but with raised degrees of TGF- marketing the growth, development and metastatic pass on of set up tumors. (accessibletech4all.org)

The mouse and human Fli1 genes are similarly regulated by Ets factors in T cells. (musc.edu)
For the quantification of cellular differentiation at the molecular level, osteogenic differentiation of MSCs is controlled by the interaction of hormones and transcription factors: runt-related transcription factor-2 (RUNX2) effectuates the expression of bone-specific genes, e.g. osterix (OSX), collagen type 1 alpha-1 (COL1A1), osteocalcin (OC), and bone sialoprotein (BSP) by binding to the promoters of these genes. (biomedcentral.com)

Mostert V, Dreher I, Köhrle J, Abel J (1999) Transforming growth factor-beta1 inhibits expression of selenoprotein P in cultured human liver cells. (extera-vm.com)
Transcription factor Sox-2 inhibits co-activator stimulated transcription. (musc.edu)

Mostert V, Wolff S, Dreher I, Köhrle J, Abel J (2001) Identification of an element within the promoter of human selenoprotein P responsive to transforming growth factor-beta. (extera-vm.com)
Although both promoters are energetic, just the proximal promoter was responsive and regulated simply by TGF-1 and constitutively active ALK5 adversely. (accessibletech4all.org)

an increase in expression of TGF-β often correlates with the malignancy of many cancers and a defect in the cellular growth inhibition response to TGF-β. (wikipedia.org)
SMAD3 binding to the let-7d promoter was confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, luciferase assays, and reduced expression of let-7d in response to transforming growth factor-beta. (nih.gov)
Transforming growth factor-beta down-regulated let-7d expression, and SMAD3 binding to the let-7d promoter was demonstrated. (nih.gov)
Differential expression of osteogenic factors associated with osteoinductivity of human osteosarcoma cell lines. (uni-muenster.de)
Lumican expression is positively correlated with the differentiation and negatively with the growth of human osteosarcoma cells. (uni-muenster.de)
DHH/PTC1 signaling triggers differentiation of Leydig cells by up-regulating Steroidogenic Factor 1 and expression of cytochrome P450 Side-Chain Cleavage enzyme located outside testicular cord [ 145 ]. (regenmedres-journal.org)
Our findings systematically elucidate the expression pattern and prognostic value of the EPHA/EFNA family in BrCa, which might provide potential prognostic factors and novel targets in BrCa patients, including those with different subtypes or treated with chemotherapy. (hindawi.com)
Role of the transcription factor Sox-2 in the expression of the FGF-4 gene in embryonal carcinoma cells. (musc.edu)
A GA microsatellite in the Fli1 promoter modulates gene expression and is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus patients without nephritis. (musc.edu)
The Fli-1 transcription factor regulates the expression of CCL5/RANTES. (musc.edu)
Cyanidin-3-glucoside from Black Rice Ameliorates Diabetic Nephropathy via Reducing Blood Glucose, Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation, and Regulating Transforming Growth Factor β1/Smad Expression. (bioss.com.cn)

required for syngernistic transcriptional activity in response to TGF-beta. (lsbio.com)
Furthermore, ISE increased the phosphorylation, nuclear translocation, and transcriptional activity of the p65 subunit of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. (bvsalud.org)

Since glucocorticoids are essential for life, other cellular signaling pathways strongly regulate GR actions in many different ways, such as physical interaction via their effector transcription factors and epigenetic modifications including phosphorylation and acetylation. (brainimmune.com)

TBX21 (Th1) , GATA3 (Th2) , RORγt (Th17) and FOXP3 (Treg) are the primary subset-specific transcription factors of these CD4 + T cell subsets and can regulate T cell differentiation. (oncotarget.com)
TCEA3 promotes differentiation of C2C12 cells via an Annexin A1‐mediated transforming growth factor‐β signaling pathway. (bioss.com.cn)
Equally devastating is the loss of normal cellular functions due to non-differentiation, loss of growth in a favorable environment, or continued growth in a hostile environment. (janechin.net)
Introduction Transforming ST3932 development factor-beta (TGF-) regulates a different range of natural features including differentiation, proliferation, angiogenesis, immunosuppression and motility within a context-dependent way (1). (accessibletech4all.org)
The reason for its use is the higher number of platelets, which is an important source of growth factors, such TGF- β1, that hypothetically possess a stimulating effect on regulation and differentiation in mesenchymal tissue repair 10 . (bvsalud.org)

In a 2005 study, the 30M377 allelic form of the CD30 promoter microsatellite repressive element was associated with the development of lymphomatoid papulosis, and the 30M362 allelic form was associated with progression to other CD30 + lymphomas in lymphomatoid papulosis patients. (medscape.com)

Lyoma virus enhancer, HSV-tk enhancer and promoter, HSV thymidine kinase. (umich.edu)
Indeed, for sever- with histopathological findings and ulin heavy chain promoter/enhancer. (who.int)

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) is a multifunctional polypeptide which regulates normal cell growth, development, and tissue remodeling following injury. (umich.edu)

Zinc deficiency enhanced inflammatory response by increasing immune cell activation and inducing IL6 promoter demethylation. (oregonstate.edu)

This signaling cascade was shown to be recurrently inactivated in DLBCL, mainly by hypermethylation of five promoter regions surrounding the SMAD1 transcription start site, which finally generates a significant growth advantage for lymphoma cells. (haematologica.org)

Common SMAD (co-SMAD) is the coactivator and mediator of signal transduction by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor). (lsbio.com)

Comparative biochemical studies of rapamycin and wortmannin on transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta1)-mediated G(1)-S cell cycle progression in C3H-10T1/2 embryonic fibroblasts. (janechin.net)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) induced tuberculosis has been known as one of the risk factors for lung carcinogenesis. (lidsen.com)

Taken jointly, these research define TGF-1-mediated downregulation of TRIII mRNA appearance through effects in the ALK5/Smad2/3 pathway in the gene proximal promoter being a potential system for reduced TRIII appearance in individual malignancies. (accessibletech4all.org)

They each have an N-terminal signal peptide of 20-30 amino acids that they require for secretion from a cell, a pro-region called latency-associated peptide (LAP - Alias: Pro-TGF beta 1, LAP/TGF beta 1), and a 112-114 amino acid C-terminal region that becomes the mature TGF-β molecule following its release from the pro-region by proteolytic cleavage. (wikipedia.org)

It plays a biological role by terminating the factor of glioma-associated oncogene ( Gli ) [ 144 ]. (regenmedres-journal.org)

We define choice promoters for the gene, a distal and proximal promoter. (accessibletech4all.org)

1 One component of this network is transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), which is produced by HRS cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts. (haematologica.org)

CD30 signaling is known to have an effect on the growth and survival of lymphoid cells, and one hypothesis is that genetic instability and accumulated genetic defects may have a role in the development of lymphomatoid papulosis and the progression to associated neoplasms. (medscape.com)
Role of TGF-Beta Signaling in Beta Cell Proliferation and Function in Diabetes. (nih.gov)

Although the pathogenesis of BD is still not clear, numerous studies have suggested that environmental factors, infection triggers, abnormal autoimmune regulation and genetic susceptibility are closely associated with BD [ 3 ]. (oncotarget.com)
2017. A gene network regulated by the transcription factor VGLL3 as a promoter of sex-biased autoimmune diseases. . (umich.edu)

E1/E3 deleted, CMV promoter, expressing human p53 wild type. (umich.edu)
E1 and partial E3 deleted adenoviral vector, RSV LTR promoter, and expresses human Bclx short (BclxS). (umich.edu)
that is histopathological y very simi- T cel s, B cel s, natural kil er cel s, LMP1 of EBV can transform ro- lar to that caused by hepatitis B vi- macrophages, and dendritic cells, dent fibroblasts and is expressed rus (HBV) in humans, but it does so and this humanized mouse model in most of the human cancers as- through a different mechanism. (who.int)
Many common human diseases such as asthma, cancer, and cardiovascular disease are complex in nature, as they are influenced variably by environmental, physiologic, and genetic factors. (cdc.gov)

BACKGROUND: Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is a potent growth inhibitor in a wide range of cell types. (ox.ac.uk)

The Warburg hypothesis was based on the metabolic differences between cancer cells and normal cells, and proposed that increased glycolysis by transformed cells conferred a bio-energetic advantage for survival over normal counterparts under anoxic conditions (Anghileri, 1983). (janechin.net)
This hypothesis laid the foundation for cancer research strategies to find critical differences between transformed cellular processes and normal cellular processes. (janechin.net)

Adenoviral reporter vector, E1/E3 deleted, CMV promoter, expresses nuclear targeted β-galactosidase (LacZ). (umich.edu)

The interactions of the three HH factors are complicated. (regenmedres-journal.org)

[ 12 ] part of the AP-1 transcription factor complex involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis, in virtually all CD30 + lymphomas. (medscape.com)

Inactivation of the FGF-4 gene in embryonic stem cells alters the growth and/or the survival of their early differentiated progeny. (musc.edu)

Enhanced Inflammasome Activity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Is Mediated via Type I Interferon-Induced Up-Regulation of Interferon Regulatory Factor 1. (umich.edu)
An E1/E3 deleted adenovirus type 5 vector expressing cre recombinase under CMV promoter control. (umich.edu)

Loss of intestinal mucosa integrity is an important factor in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). (uni-regensburg.de)
A number of factors trigger the disease process by causing a juxtaepithelial inflammatory reaction in the oral mucosa. (medscape.com)
Common diseases of a chronic inflammatory nature such as asthma, Alzheimer disease, and cardiovascular disease are complex in nature, as they are variably influenced by genetic inheritance as well as environmental, physical, and lifestyle factors. (cdc.gov)

Soft tissue injuries that occur during foundations of growth characteristics of S. iniae and its in- teractions with piscine host cells have recently been com- the preparation of fresh fi sh from wet markets usually result plemented by molecular studies. (cdc.gov)

These factors couple extracellular signals to intracellular processes to determine cell cycle progression. (janechin.net)

Anatomy26

Organisms11

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs129

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment23

Phenomena and Processes58

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Polymorphism2

Receptor10

Proteins7

TGFB12

Enhancers1

Protein7

Methylation4

Receptors2

Tumor5

Genes2

Inhibits2

Responsive2

Expression11

Transcriptional activity2

Phosphorylation1

Differentiation5

Microsatellite1

Enhancer2

Regulates1

Demethylation1

Regions1

Mediator1

Rapamycin1

Risk Factors1

SMAD21

Peptide1

Oncogene1

Define1

Component1

Signaling2

Autoimmune2

Human4

Inhibitor1

Differences2

Nuclear1

Interactions1

Transcription factor complex1

Survival1

Type2

Inflammatory3

Cells1

Progression1