Progression retinopathy 1999 type i diabetes patients diabetes mellitus type 1. Medical search. Frequent questions

Although diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy are the most common microvascular complications of hyperglycemia, it also affects choroid plexus. (scialert.net)
To investigate the relation between echocardiographic parameters and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in normoalbuminuric pre-hypertensive adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) without clinical evidence of nephropathy or cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. (ispub.com)
This association conveys a significant increase in morbidity and mortality due to atherosclerosis, microvascular complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy and premature cardiovascular disease ( 6 , 7 ). (ispub.com)
For example, the effectiveness of taurine on diabetes mellitus alone include reducing insulin resistance and complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, atherosclerosis and cardiomyopathy, and other antidiabetic effects independent of hypoglycemia, as reported in various animal models. (life-enhancement.com)
Diabetes leads to widespread complications including pancreatic β-cell damage, nephropathy and impaired wound healing. (scirp.org)
Blood glucose, pancreatic β-cell damage, diabetic nephropathy and wound healing progression were assessed. (scirp.org)
Hypertension is an extremely common comorbidity of diabetes aff ecting 20-60% of people with diabetes and it is also a major risk factor for cardiovascular events as well as for diabetic microvascular complications, such as retinopathy, nephropathy and possibly neuropathy [ 1 , 2 ]. (jbclinpharm.org)
Information was kept retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and has reached more than 65% of the strictly confidential and the data were cardiovascular disease and stroke can be country's total gross domestic product. (who.int)

Diabetes is a methabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia, with high morbidity and mortility worldwide. (scialert.net)
Although all diabetic cells are exposed to elevated levels of plasma glucose, hyperglycemic damage is limited to those cell types that are unable to down regulate glucose transport into the cell (e.g., endothelial cells), leading to intra-cellular hyperglycemia ( Brownlee, 2001 ). (scialert.net)
The strong association of hyperglycemia with retinopathy has been firmly established in type 1 diabetes, where improving glycemic control has a major impact on reducing the development and slowing the progression of retinopathy ( 1 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) demonstrated that intensive glycemic control reduces the long-term complications of hyperglycemia in T1DM. (touchendocrinology.com)
1 2 The damaging effects of chronic hyperglycemia on the microvasculature and subsequent focal ischemia are primary pathogenetic factors in disease progression. (arvojournals.org)
Patients with hyperglycemia are at a high risk of cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases. (j-stroke.org)
Patients with hyperglycemia or diabetes mellitus (DM) are at high risk of cerebrovascular ischemic stroke [ 4 , 5 ]. (j-stroke.org)
DM is a group of hyperglycemia disorders, including type 1 diabetes (T1D), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and gestational diabetes ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
Hyperglycemia significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases development, and premature death in the population [ 1 ]. (medsci.org)
Both, obesity which is a major risk factor for the insulin resistance development and type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and the chronic hyperglycemia itself play an important role in its pathogenesis. (medsci.org)
Dysregulated autophagy in pancreatic β cells due to hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation is associated with diabetes and accompanied by dysregulated autophagy in insulin target tissues and the progression of diabetic complications. (frontiersin.org)
It is characterized by hyperglycemia and defective production and/or secretion of insulin and complications in the heart, kidney, and neural system leading to death, which have drawn notable attention to the management of diabetes. (frontiersin.org)
The presence of hyperglycemia and associated vascular dysfunction in diabetes has multiple confounding effects manifested in various diabetic complications. (scirp.org)
thereby achieving the full metabolic normalization not yet possible and making some degree of hyperglycemia persists in virtually all patients with diabetes. (wikidoc.org)

Preventive-care practices, such as annual dilated eye and foot examinations, self-monitoring of blood glucose, and glycemic control, are effective in reducing both the incidence and progression of diabetes-specific complications ( 2--6 ). (cdc.gov)
Long term diabetes and poor glycemic control are the most important risk factors for DN development ( DCCT Research Group, 1993 ). (scialert.net)
The United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS), which involved newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, revealed that the risk of retinopathy was reduced through both improved glycemic control and improved blood pressure control. (medscape.com)
Even without achieving insulin independence, IT has significant benefits including prevention of hypoglycemia, stabilization of glycemic control, reduction in some complications of diabetes, and improvement in quality of life. (touchendocrinology.com)
3 Glycemic control is the cornerstone of diabetes care. (touchendocrinology.com)
This has led to the efforts to preserve or restore endogenous beta cell mass, which could provide better glycemic control and help prevent long-term complications of diabetes. (touchendocrinology.com)
Once the diagnosis of diabetes is established in a pregnant woman, continued testing for glycemic control and diabetic complications is indicated for the remainder of the pregnancy. (medscape.com)
Objective: To compare the acute and chronic effects of low-volume high-intensity interval training (HIIT) to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on glycemic control, body composition and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in older women with type 2 diabetes (T2D). (mdpi.com)
Moreover, the role of vitamin D supplementation in the prevention of both types of diabetes is analysed together with its role in improving glycemic control in diabetic patients. (vitamindwiki.com)
Because the benefits of tight blood pressure (BP) control in patients with diabetes exceed the benefi ts of tight glycemic control, and extend to the prevention of both microvascular and macrovascular complications ( Table 1 ). (jbclinpharm.org)
Unfortunately, normal aging is associated with a progressive increase in A1C, and there can be a significant discordance between glucose-based and A1C-based diagnosis of diabetes in this age group, a difference that is accentuated by race and gender (2) (see Monitoring Glycemic Control chapter, p. (diabetes.ca)
Residents not eligible for Medicaid programs can rarely been shown to be effective in achieving glycemic control afford diabetes medication. (cdc.gov)
Therefore, in order to assess the risk of diabetes, it may be necessary to evaluate not only the mean level of glycemic control, but also the extent of glucose excursions. (biomedcentral.com)

Neuropathy improves after both kidney and pancreas transplantation, suggesting that renal failure and diabetes contribute to the sensory neuropathy commonly observed at the time of transplantation. (medscape.com)
Affecting up to around two out of every three people with diabetes, neuropathy is nervous system damage that can produce unbearable pain in the legs and feet. (lifeextension.com)
Over 15 randomized clinical studies have shown that intravenous administration of 300-600 mg of lipoic acid a day greatly improves nerve function and relieves pain symptoms in diabetic neuropathy patients. (lifeextension.com)
Lipoic acid's benefits in diabetic neuropathy-and in diabetes as a whole-arise from its striking ability to dramatically improve glucose control and restore insulin sensitivity. (lifeextension.com)
Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is one of the most common complications of diabetes, and represents a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. (e-enm.org)
Along with the kidney injury, diabetic patients often suffer from multiple complications, such as retinopathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular diseases. (hindawi.com)
Acute and chronic complications including renal failure, retinopathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular disease are related to and likely caused by the hyperglycemic state. (wikidoc.org)

Diabetes mellitus (DM) could be classified as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and others according to etiology and pathology. (biomedcentral.com)
It is not clear whether microangiopathies are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). (e-enm.org)
The leading cause of death in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is cardiovascular disease (CVD) [ 1 ]. (e-enm.org)
In patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) parameters characterizing the degree of obesity significantly positively correlated with levels of CRP and CCL2. (medsci.org)
The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the plasma levels of FABP3 at different stages of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). (medsci.org)
Our results indicate that circulating FABP3 in patients with T2DM is associated with eGFR, which suggests that increased plasma FABP3 may be involved in the pathogenesis of CKD. (medsci.org)
The prominent role of autophagy signaling pathway was supported by the alteration of autophagy markers in patients and animal models of T1DM, T2DM, and gestational diabetes. (frontiersin.org)
There are two types of DM: type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). (hindawi.com)
Since life expectancy has been markedly prolonged with advances in medicine, it has been suggested that the incidence of T2DM and dementia would increase as the population ages [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by two underlying defects. (wikidoc.org)
The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between glycemic variability determined by a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system and the presence and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). (biomedcentral.com)
In 344 T2DM patients with chest pain, coronary angiography revealed CAD (coronary stenosis ≥ 50% luminal diameter narrowing) in 252 patients and 92 patients without CAD. (biomedcentral.com)
The intraday glycemic variability is associated with the presence and severity of CAD in patients with T2DM. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we examined the parameters of glucose profile using continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) in T2DM patients with CAD, and established a correlation between glycemic variability and the severity of coronary artery disease assessed by coronary angiogram, using the Gensini score. (biomedcentral.com)

Aassociations between carotid atherosclerosis and both urine albumin excretion (UAE) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in diabetic patients have been investigated, but these studies showed only inconsistent results [ 5 , 13 , 14 ]. (e-enm.org)
Currently increasing importance is attributed to the inflammatory process as a crucial factor responsible for the progressive damage to vascular walls and progression of atherosclerosis in obese people. (medsci.org)

The relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and periodontal disease (PD) is well established as a two-way process with one disease affecting the other and vice versa ( 1 ). (turnersdentaltips.com)
The tables below summarize results from observational studies of the relationship between diabetes mellitus and measures of pre-clinical diabetes with AD and total dementia. (alzrisk.org)

The paper sets forth the data available in the literature on the prevalence, pathogenesis, and clinical features of cognitive impairment (CI) in diabetes mellitus (DM). (ima-press.net)
6. Stewart R, Liolitsa D. Type 2 diabetes mellitus, cognitive impairment and dementia. (ima-press.net)
Approximately 15% of patients follow a primary progressive or progressive relapsing course from disease onset, usually characterized by symptoms of progressive myelopathy (gait instability, spasticity, bladder symptoms) and cognitive impairment. (medscape.com)

ABSTRACT Despite their reported benefits in terms of glycaemic control, insulin analogues are expensive for patients in developing countries. (who.int)

[ 34 ] The ADA recommends that all patients with diabetes (type 2 and type 1) strive to maintain glycated hemoglobin levels of less than 7% (reflecting long-term glucose levels) to prevent or at least minimize the long-term complications of diabetes mellitus, including retinopathy. (medscape.com)
However, despite these innovations, the effective care of patients with diabetes remains challenging, with a significant proportion still suffering from hypoglycemia and long-term complications of diabetes. (touchendocrinology.com)
ing the long-term complications of diabetes (4). (cdc.gov)

The Data From an Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome (DESIR) Study evaluated diabetic retinopathy in 235 individuals with diabetes and 227 individuals with impaired fasting plasma glucose levels. (medscape.com)
Clinical and investigational evidence suggests that the increased breast cancer risk associated with greater abdominal visceral obesity may be related to anomalous insulin signaling through the insulin receptor substrate 1 pathway, leading to insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and increased concentrations of endogenous estrogen and androgen. (ijmpo.org)
Alternatively, for high-risk women or in areas in which the prevalence of insulin resistance is 5% or higher (eg, the southwestern and southeastern United States), a 1-step approach can be used by proceeding directly to the 100-g, 3-hour OGTT. (medscape.com)
In patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes, altered serum concentrations of Il-10 seems to be dependent on the degree of insulin resistance and proinflammatory status. (medsci.org)
Another pathway, TGF-β signaling pathway, appears to play a part in the progression of diabetes, insulin resistance, and autoimmunity in both type 1 and 2 diabetes and complications in diabetes. (frontiersin.org)
TGF-β, especially TGF-β1 as an uppermost isoform of TGF-β superfamily, may play a very essential role in the development of insulin resistance and obesity and finally, diabetes. (frontiersin.org)
Vitamin D may have a role in the pathogenic mechanisms predisposing to type 2 diabetes by modulating insulin resistance and/or pancreatic ß-cell function. (vitamindwiki.com)
Role of vitamin D in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes . (vitamindwiki.com)

The prevalence of diabetes will in- Islamic Republic of Iran. (who.int)
Taken together, our study may provide preliminary research evidence for personalized improvement of dietary habits to reduce the prevalence of diabetes. (frontiersin.org)
analyses of fasting and 2-h postload glucose levels in Korea, Nauru, Egypt, and Taiwan showed unimodal glucose distributions ( 6 ), although this may be an artifact of the relative infrequency of diabetes in the population, as studies in populations such as the Pima Indians with very high prevalence of diabetes do show evidence of bimodal glucose distributions ( 7 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030. (ima-press.net)
Multicenter study of the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance in the urban Brazilian population aged 30-69 yr. (crossref.org)

More than 70% of subjects in these studies had diabetes, and the most frequent etiology of the vitreous hemorrhage was proliferative diabetic retinopathy. (medscape.com)
Seventy-seven diabetic subjects, including 13 with mild or no retinopathy, 36 with moderate to severe retinopathy, and 28 with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), previously treated with panretinal photocoagulation (PRP). (arvojournals.org)

Diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease are biologically linked, the one affecting the other and vice versa although the mechanism is not fully understood. (turnersdentaltips.com)
Diabetes and periodontal disease are biologically linked (12,13). (the-probe.co.uk)

While the slow-responding dynamics in the physiology of glucose regulation is not beyond the mathematics of PID controllers, 50 years of patient-perspective "advancement" says it is beyond the corporate, congressional, and lobbying leaders. (wikipedia.org)
Important aspects of workup regarding diabetic retinopathy include fasting glucose and hemoglobin A1c, fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography, and B-scan ultrasonography. (medscape.com)
Fasting glucose and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) are important laboratory tests that are performed to help diagnose diabetes. (medscape.com)
The microvascular complications of diabetes are directly related to glucose concentration. (medscape.com)
16-20 In a recent placebo-controlled clinical trial, researchers found that after only 6 months of lipoic acid supplementation, patients with type II diabetes had reduced fasting blood glucose and lowered levels of oxidized lipids. (lifeextension.com)
Do Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors Affect Renal Hemodynamics by Different Mechanisms in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes? (cdc.gov)
Currently, results are available from two studies with TZD focusing on cardiovascular diseases, including stroke, and from 12 cardiovascular outcome trials focusing on major adverse cardiovascular events associated with new antidiabetic agents (four with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, three with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, and five with glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues). (j-stroke.org)
We also discuss evidence from recent large clinical trials of thiazolidinedione (TZD) and new antidiabetic medications such as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, and glucagonlike peptide-1 (GLP1) analogues, which suggest the potential of these agents in primary and secondary stroke prevention. (j-stroke.org)
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance of variable degree with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. (medscape.com)
We have studied the relationship between clinical and biochemical parameters and C-peptide and anti-inflammatory IL-10, as well as selected markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction such as: CCL2, CRP, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1 and E-selectin in obese women with various degree of glucose metabolism disturbance. (medsci.org)
Obese patients were spited in subgroups based on the degree of glucose metabolism disorder. (medsci.org)
All methods previously used for the diagnosis of diabetes, he noted, have relied on measuring blood glucose, whether in the fasting state or after a stress, as in the oral glucose tolerance test. (diabetesjournals.org)
He asserted that early attempts to establish the diagnosis of diabetes were hampered by absence of standardization, for example, with different times for blood determination or with different oral glucose loads. (diabetesjournals.org)
Fasting blood glucose ≥110 mg/dl (6.1 mmol/l) was considered to represent impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and levels ≥126 mg/dl (7 mmol/l) were considered to represent diabetes. (diabetesjournals.org)
Traditionally diabetes has been diagnosed following a fasting blood glucose or a glucose tolerance test. (the-probe.co.uk)
Diabetes Mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterised by high levels of glucose in the blood. (nursingtermpapers.com)
The involvement of autophagy in the development of diabetes is corroborated by affecting the physiology and role of pancreatic β cells and the homeostasis of glucose. (frontiersin.org)
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-expressing pancreatic β-cells resulting in dependency on exogenous insulin to control blood glucose levels. (scirp.org)
Preliminary studies examining the risk of AD in association with measures of pre-clinical diabetes seem to specifically link impaired glucose tolerance with increased AD risk, but further research is needed to better characterize the relationship between these measures and AD. (alzrisk.org)
While standard glucose control is critical to prevent microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes, and may also be beneficial for cognitive outcomes, the effects of tighter glucose control regimens on AD require further study. (alzrisk.org)
Diabetes mellitus is a disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose resulting from concomitant deficiencies in insulin production, in response to insulin, or both. (alzrisk.org)
The direct effects of blood glucose on the brain may also partially explain the observed link between diabetes and AD/dementia. (alzrisk.org)
For type 1 diabetes, an additional potential mechanism is the neurologic damage caused by the frequent -- and, sometimes severe -- hypoglycemic episodes associated with tight glucose control. (alzrisk.org)
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterised by an increase in plasma glucose level due to insulin deficiency and/or resistance that can lead to damage to multiple organs. (hindawi.com)
Based on the factors mentioned above, your diabetes health-care team will work with you and your caregivers to select target blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (A1C) levels, appropriate glucose-lowering medications, and a program for screening and management of diabetes-related complications. (diabetes.ca)
Recombinant insulin analogs, insulin pumps, and newer devices for home monitoring have drastically improved the ability to control glucose concentrations in patients with DM. (wikidoc.org)
Glucose variability is one of components of the dysglycemia in diabetes and may play an important role in development of diabetic vascular complications. (biomedcentral.com)

Fluorescein angiography is an invaluable adjunct in the diagnosis and management of diabetic retinopathy. (medscape.com)
The recommendation applies to asymptomatic women with no previous diagnosis of type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus. (medscape.com)
Should A1C be used for diabetes diagnosis? (diabetesjournals.org)
American Diabetes Association (ADA), Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus, 2003). (nursingtermpapers.com)
Objective The early diagnosis of (pre)diabetes mellitus is essential for the prevention of diabetes complications. (bmj.com)
In addition, according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidelines for diagnosis, there was a significant over-representation of subjects with suspected diabetes (23% and 14%) and pre-diabetes (47% and 46%) in the severe periodontitis group and mild/moderate periodontitis groups, respectively, compared with the control group (10% and 37%, p=0.010). (bmj.com)
The early diagnosis and treatment of (pre)diabetes help to prevent more severe complications and benefit the treatment of periodontitis. (bmj.com)
Overall, the evidence is consistent with an association between diabetes diagnosis and increased risk of AD, suggesting that measures to prevent diabetes -- such as exercise, weight reduction and diet control -- will likely provide some protective benefit. (alzrisk.org)
Despite some inconsistent results, the evidence overall is consistent with an association between diabetes diagnosis and increased risk of AD. (alzrisk.org)
As noted in the Definition, Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes, Prediabetes and Metabolic Syndrome chapter, p. (diabetes.ca)
During such including of AQP-2 to the Abdominal diabetes diagnosis treatment, a ascorbic inhibition of AQP-2 is stored in the Microcirculation. (augenta.net)
Here we review single gene disorders that have the potential to mimic multiple sclerosis, provide an overview of clinical and investigational characteristics of each disorder, and present guidelines for when clinicians should suspect an underlying heritable disorder that requires diagnostic confirmation in a patient with a definite or probable diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. (medscape.com)
Early, accurate diagnosis is critical to effective patient management and counselling, but assignment of an incorrect diagnosis of multiple sclerosis remains a frequent concern. (medscape.com)
In the absence of pathognomonic clinical findings or a definitive laboratory test, the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis remains challenging in many patients, and diagnostic criteria emphasize the caveat of 'no better explanation' for a patient's clinical presentation and MRI findings. (medscape.com)

Only persons who reported having seen a health professional for their diabetes during the preceding year were asked if they had their feet examined, and only patients who had seen a health professional for their diabetes during the preceding year and heard of the term 'glycosylated hemoglobin' or 'hemoglobin A one C' were asked if they had received a HbA1C measurement. (cdc.gov)
The HbA1c level is also important in the long-term follow-up care of patients with diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. (medscape.com)
Controlling diabetes and maintaining the HbA1c level in the 6-7% range are the goals in the optimal management of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. (medscape.com)
Doctors should consider periodontal disease when their patients have persistently high HbA1c levels, and dentists should consider diabetes or pre-diabetes when they have patients with refractory periodontitis. (turnersdentaltips.com)
Diabetes enhances periodontal bone loss through enhanced resorption and diminished bone formation ( 19 ) because its progression is associated with an increase in HbA1c levels in type 2 diabetes ( 20 ). (turnersdentaltips.com)
Therefore, a dental office could be a good location for screening for (pre)diabetes in patients with periodontitis using a validated glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) dry spot analysis. (bmj.com)
From 126 patients with mild/moderate periodontitis, 78 patients with severe periodontitis and 109 subjects without periodontitis, HbA1c values were obtained by the analysis of dry blood spots. (bmj.com)
Differences in mean HbA1c values and the prevalence of (pre)diabetes between the groups were analyzed. (bmj.com)
On average, patients with periodontitis showed higher glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) plasma levels compared with individuals without periodontitis. (bmj.com)
A dental office that treats patients with periodontitis is a suitable location for screening for diabetes by a simple finger stick and validated HbA1c dry spot analysis. (bmj.com)
In a retrospective cohort study from October 2012 to March 2013, outcomes (HbA1c, weight, hypoglycaemia and lipohypertrophy) were compared at baseline and 6 months after treatment in 628 patients. (who.int)
This difference in HbA1c remained significant after controlling for the effects of age, sex, duration of diabetes, body mass index and hypoglycaemia (-coefficient was -0.18 in favour of BHI30). (who.int)

Adult patients who were diagnosed as T1DM and pre-hypertensive were categorized as dippers and non-dippers on the basis of 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurement and their echocardiographic parameters were compared. (ispub.com)
Of the 23 T1DM pre-hypertensive patients, 11 were categorized as dippers and 12 as nondippers. (ispub.com)
There were no differences between the dipper and the nondipper T1DM pre-hypertensive patients with respect to age, gender, body mass index, clinical and ABPM for average day-time systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels. (ispub.com)
Left atrial diameter and LV mass index were found higher in the nondipper T1DM patients. (ispub.com)
Among prehypertensive T1DM patients evaluated by ambulatory BP monitoring, nondippers had higher LV mass index and left atrial dimensions compared with dippers. (ispub.com)
Elevated blood pressure levels are more frequently observed in patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) than in the general population ( 5 , 6 , 7 ). (ispub.com)
To the best of our knowledge the echocardiographic correlates of ABPM has never been reported in uncomplicated prehypertensive T1DM patients. (ispub.com)
Type 1 diabetes (T1DM), which is caused mainly by autoimmune destruction of beta cells, accounts for approximately 5-10 % of all diabetes. (touchendocrinology.com)
Islet transplantation (IT) has emerged as an acceptable method for the treatment of patients with T1DM who suffer for frequent severe hypoglycemia and/or glycemic lability. (touchendocrinology.com)
2 Type 1 diabetes (T1DM), which is caused mainly by an autoimmunemediated destruction of beta cells within the islet of Langerhans, accounts for 5-10 % of the total cases of diabetes worldwide. (touchendocrinology.com)
Type 1 diabetes (also called juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus, DM1, T1DM, and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) is considered an immuno-mediated disease that results in a gradual destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells, and subsequently leads to their complete loss and total dependence on exogenous insulin. (wikidoc.org)

Two-year results from the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research network (DRCR.net) Randomized Trial Evaluating Ranibizumab Plus Prompt or Deferred Laser or Triamcinolone Plus Prompt Laser for Diabetic Macular Edema, known as the Laser-Ranibizumab-Triamcinolone for DME Study, demonstrated that ranibizumab paired with prompt or deferred focal/grid laser treatment achieved superior visual acuity and optical coherence tomography (OCT) outcomes compared with focal/grid laser treatment alone. (medscape.com)
DEX implant has evidence of efficacy in a variety of clinical situations including macular edema associated with retinal vein occlusion, diabetes, uveitis, and others. (dovepress.com)

Persons with diabetes are at increased risk for serious complications (e.g., blindness, kidney failure, nontraumatic lower-extremity amputations, and cardiovascular disease) ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
Diabetic retinopathy remains a major public health problem and a leading cause of blindness in the United States and throughout the world. (arvojournals.org)
Usually a prognosis for a disease in these patients is unfavorable (gradual and progressive decrease in the visual functions up to blindness). (antiaging-peptides.com)
Eye disease: hypertension increases the risk of eye diseases in patients with diabetes, including glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy with potential blindness. (jbclinpharm.org)

Microvascular lesions of the retina constitute a classical diabetes-related complication (diabetic retinopathy [DR]), and such lesions herald progressive retinal disease that can result in vision loss. (diabetesjournals.org)
This publication is dedicated to the application of a complex of peptide bioregulators being highly effective in treatment of different retinal diseases (diabetic retinopathy, pigment retinitis, age-related macular degeneration etc. (antiaging-peptides.com)
Among the most frequent retinal diseases there are age-related macular degeneration, hereditary retinal degenerations (including retinitis pigmentosa), complicated myopia, diabetic retinopathy. (antiaging-peptides.com)
In the clinical 2 practice this preparation turned out to be highly effective in the treatment of the aftereffects of retinal veins thrombosis, glaucoma, haemorrhagic retinopathies, retinal sun and laser burns and many other diseases. (antiaging-peptides.com)
1 They also stabilize endothelial and retinal pigment epithelial tight junctions and restore the integrity of blood retinal barrier. (dovepress.com)

Gestational diabetes mellitus accounts for 90% of cases of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy, while preexisting type 2 diabetes accounts for 8% of such cases. (medscape.com)
The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends screening for gestational diabetes mellitus after 24 weeks of pregnancy. (medscape.com)
Women with prediabetes identified before pregnancy should be considered at extremely high risk for developing gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy. (medscape.com)
As well as Gestational Diabetes , during pregnancy and other, associated with other diseases, drug use or genetics for Indian and African peoples. (the-probe.co.uk)
The main classifications of diabetes are: Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes, Gestational diabetes mellitus and Diabetes mellitus associated with other conditions or syndromes. (nursingtermpapers.com)

This study examines exciting new hallmarks for the strict involvement of autophagy and TGF-β signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of diabetes and the design of novel therapeutic strategies. (frontiersin.org)

Local health departments use a standardized case history form to collect demographic and clinical information about patients who meet the clinical and laboratory criteria for WNV infection. (cdc.gov)
5 Although basic science may lead to clinical treatments to reduce or prevent retinopathy by blocking the pathologic effects of ischemia-induced growth factors and deranged autoregulation, the precise mechanisms responsible for various stages of disease progression remain unclear. (arvojournals.org)
5 Ongoing clinical trials across the globe show the promise of lipoic acid's benefits on a wide range of diseases-from diabetes to cardiovascular disease to Alzheimer's and countless more. (lifeextension.com)
The purpose of this review is to provide evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (CPG) in the management of patients with keratoconus with RGP CLs. (lww.com)
The CPG provides evidence-based information to support clinical decisions in keratoconic patient management. (lww.com)
Several classes of drugs are used for diabetes management in clinical practice. (j-stroke.org)
[ 1 , 2 ] A study by Stuebe et al found this condition to be associated with persistent metabolic dysfunction in women at 3 years after delivery, separate from other clinical risk factors. (medscape.com)
The clinical manifestations of type 1 diabetes are immense. (nursingtermpapers.com)
Despite recent advancements in clinical drugs, diabetes treatment still needs further progress. (frontiersin.org)
The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive framework underlying the causes of hearing impairment and to detail the clinical management for patients with hereditary hearing loss. (nature.com)
More recent work has investigated incident AD in relation to measures of pre-clinical diabetes, and the results are less clear. (alzrisk.org)
Diabetes is reaching epidemic proportions on the U.S.- betes education and clinical care, and program evaluation. (cdc.gov)
Simple screening instruments can be helpful in identifying patients at risk for common health problems and in improving the clinical assessment of a disease course. (aafp.org)
Several single gene disorders share clinical and radiologic characteristics with multiple sclerosis and have the potential to be overlooked in the differential diagnostic evaluation of both adult and paediatric patients with multiple sclerosis. (medscape.com)
Patients with multiple sclerosis are classified according to their clinical phenotype, with ~85% following a relapsing-remitting course (relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis) characterized by recurrent, acute neurological deficits punctuating periods of latency or remission (Lublin and Reingold, 1996). (medscape.com)
Because lifetime risk, life expectancy, and years of life lost are meaningful metrics for clinical decision making, we aimed to estimate these measures for type 2 diabetes in the high-income setting. (cdc.gov)

The nervous system complications in diabetes mellitus with special reference to cerebrovascular changes. (ima-press.net)
We also address the potential role of vitamin D deficiency in the development of macro- and microvascular complications in diabetes. (vitamindwiki.com)

The target of treatment is to maintain this glycolysated haemoglobin at below 6.5 per cent as this has been shown to lead to fewer diabetic complications (1). (the-probe.co.uk)
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been shown to improve wound healing through induction of stem cell recruitment and the potential to inhibit progression of diabetic complications. (scirp.org)

Prevalence of glaucoma in patients suffering from. (annals.edu.sg)
For many years, scientists have researched how lipoic acid affects insulin sensitivity and the severity of diabetes-related disorders, including heart disease, stroke, glaucoma, neuropathic pain, and kidney disease. (lifeextension.com)

2 3 In UKPDS, patients with type II diabetes and concomitant hypertension were randomised either to very active antihypertensive treatment (with captopril or atenolol) or to a less stringent management strategy. (bmj.com)
Risk factors independently associated with developing neuroinvasive disease rather than West Nile fever included older age, male sex, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. (cdc.gov)
The case history form includes questions about hypertension and diabetes. (cdc.gov)
Retina is as a rule damaged in case of the following diseases: hypertension, diabetes mellitus, renal insufficiency etc. (antiaging-peptides.com)
Aging is the most profound risk factor for many non-communicable diseases and in itself confers a greater risk for cardiovascular disease than the traditional risk factors such as lipid levels, smoking, diabetes, hypertension and sedentary lifestyle. (jscimedcentral.com)
The presence of diabetes and prediabets is associated with increased PWV and synergistically effects vascular stiffness expressed by diabetes and hypertension, too. (jscimedcentral.com)
Any increase of arterial stiffness above 9 m/s, which is not correlated with chronologic age, can suggest and direct us to investigate additional comorbidities such a diabetes, hypertension or chronic renal disease that increase arterial stiffness and hence cardiovascular mortality. (jscimedcentral.com)
Ageing in itself confers a greater risk for cardiovascular disease than the traditional risk factors such as lipid levels, smoking, diabetes, hypertension and sedentary lifestyle [3]. (jscimedcentral.com)
Treatment of hypertension in diabetic patients provides dramatic beneficial out- comes. (jbclinpharm.org)
However, it is reasonable to conclude that ACEIs, thiazide diuretics and angiotension II receptor blockers may be the preferred first-line agents for treatment of hypertension in diabetes. (jbclinpharm.org)
Thus the occurrence of hypertension in association with diabetes mellitus constitutes one of the most rapidly increasing disorders in the world. (jbclinpharm.org)
Renal disease: hypertension contributes to the risk of renal disease in patients with diabetes. (jbclinpharm.org)
Cardiac disease: hypertension in patients with diabetes increases the risk of coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, and cardiomyopathy. (jbclinpharm.org)
Sexual dysfunction: hypertension and antihypertensive therapies may independently contribute to autonomic associated sexual dysfunction in diabetes. (jbclinpharm.org)
Cerebrovascular disease: hypertension increases the incidence of stroke in patient with diabetes. (jbclinpharm.org)

Among adults with diabetes in the 40 states, substantial gaps exist between current levels of preventive-care practices and the 2010 targets ( Figure 1 ). (cdc.gov)
During the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) and DPP Outcome Study (DPPOS), we performed fundus photography over time in adults at high risk for developing T2D, including after they developed diabetes. (diabetesjournals.org)
We report on the programme developed by the Islamic Republic of Iran for control and management of diabetes, which involves screening for type 2 diabetes in adults at risk and a systematic approach for delivery of health care to people with diabetes. (who.int)
Prevalence of diagnosed diabetes in American Indian and Alaska Native adults, 2006-2017. (cdc.gov)
S42 and Pharmacologic Glycemic Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Adults chapter, p. (diabetes.ca)
S10, glycated hemoglobin (A1C) can be used as a diagnostic test for type 2 diabetes in adults. (diabetes.ca)
Individuals with insurance among adults with type 2 diabetes, and this mode of deliv- often do not have pharmaceutical coverage and must ery is likely to increase the cultural relevancy and appro- decide whether to buy food or medicine. (cdc.gov)
Asthma is one of NZ's most common lung conditions affecting 1 in 7 children and 1 in 8 adults in NZ. (auckland.ac.nz)

Williams R, Airey M, Baxter H, Forrester J, Kennedy-Martin T, Girach A. Epidemiology of diabetic retinopathy and macular oedema: a systematic review. (medscape.com)
Cardiovascular outcomes in trials of oral diabetes medications: a systematic review. (ima-press.net)
The goals are to encourage a systematic assessment of various areas of potential geriatric risk and to develop a database appropriate to the unique concerns of elderly patients. (aafp.org)

In the older person with diabetes and multiple comorbidities and/or frailty, strategies should be used to strictly prevent hypoglycemia, which include the choice of antihyperglycemic therapy and a less stringent glycated hemoglobin (A1C) target. (diabetes.ca)

An alternative therapy that may also ameliorate diabetes is islet cell transplantation, but this procedure is experimental and has not yet demonstrated equivalence to whole-graft pancreas transplantation. (medscape.com)

To determine glycemic and nonglycemic risk factors that contribute to the presence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) before and after the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D). (diabetesjournals.org)
The 880 case-patients identified were reported from 40 of 58 counties in California, with illness onset ranging from May through November 2005. (cdc.gov)
The number of new cases of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus has increased significantly in recent years, particularly in younger children (Alderson et al. (nursingtermpapers.com)
The that the risk of onset and progression of (4.7%) and poverty ( 11 ). (who.int)

Given the established link between vascular disease and the pathogenesis and/or progression of dementia and AD [1, 2], the co-occurrence of diabetes with these factors likely contributes to a relationship between diabetes and dementia risk. (alzrisk.org)
The aims of this paper are (1) to provide an updated overview on the association between DM and cognitive dysfunction and (2) to review the scientific evidence underpinning the use of TCM interventions for the treatment and prevention of DM-induced cognitive dysfunction and dementia. (hindawi.com)
Although the exact pathophysiology of DM-mediated dementia has not been fully elucidated, existing evidence has shown that both cerebrovascular changes and neurodegeneration are implicated in the development and progression of DM-mediated cognitive dysfunction [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)

collected by WHO which assess the num- ber of people with diabetes worldwide for 3 specific points in time, viz. (who.int)
Approximately 5% to 10% of people with diabetes have Type 1 diabetes, in which the insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells are destroyed by the auto immune process. (nursingtermpapers.com)

Oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus of the 2nd type and its correction. (ima-press.net)

The mutated genotypes of GT eNOS gene was significantly more frequent in diabetic patients. (scirp.org)
POBF is unaffected early in diabetic retinopathy, but increases significantly in eyes with moderate to severe NPDR. (arvojournals.org)
0.001) were significantly higher in patients with CAD than in patients without CAD. (biomedcentral.com)

Diabetes patients also have poor outcomes after cerebrovascular disease development. (j-stroke.org)

Fundus photographs were graded using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) grading system, with DR defined as typical lesions of DR (microaneurysms, exudates, hemorrhage, or worse) in either eye. (diabetesjournals.org)
Diabetes mellitus and progression of vascular brain lesions and brain atrophy in patients with symptomatic atherosclerotic disease. (ima-press.net)

The two most common forms of diabetes are type 1-an autoimmune condition in which the β cells of the pancreas are destroyed and thus no longer produce insulin-and type 2-in which the peripheral response to insulin is impaired, leading to increases in insulin production (and, eventually in some cases, reduced capacity to produce insulin). (alzrisk.org)

The patients, commonly complicated with cardiovascular diseases and neurologic disorders, are at high risk to progress into end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and death. (hindawi.com)
It affects approximately 20-40% of patients with diabetes mellitus and is recognized as the most common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) [ 1 ]. (medsci.org)

Genetic Variations in the Vitamin D Receptor Predict Type 2 diabetes and Myocardial Infarction in a Community-Based Population: The Tromsø Study. (vitamindwiki.com)

To measure levels of preventive-care practices, CDC analyzed data from the 1997--1999 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). (cdc.gov)
The study was meant to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with breast cancer and to establish its role as an independent risk factor on occurrence of breast cancer. (ijmpo.org)
Metabolic syndrome is more prevalent in breast cancer patients and is an independent risk factor for breast cancer. (ijmpo.org)
Aging is time-dependent physiological functional decline that affects most living organisms, which is underpinned by alterations within molecular pathways, and is the most profound risk factor for many non-communicable diseases [1]. (jscimedcentral.com)
It was established that CIs were mild and moderate, equally marked in both patient groups, which allows consideration of DM as an independent risk factor for cognitive dysfunction. (ima-press.net)
It is a major independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease with up to 10 fold increased risk of cardiovascular events compared to age-matched non-diabetic patients. (scirp.org)
The tables in the Risk Factor Overview summarize the results from a number of studies of the association between diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer disease (AD). (alzrisk.org)

4 In addition, ALLHAT, a large, ongoing trial which includes over 40 000 patients, will evaluate the difference between various therapeutic strategies on composite cardiovascular end points in hypertensive patients. (bmj.com)
Aggressive blood pressure control may be the most important factor in preventing adverse outcomes in hypertensive patients with diabetes. (jbclinpharm.org)

Patient-oriented outcomes include not only mortality but also other outcomes that affect patients' lives and well-being. (jbclinpharm.org)
It is less clear whether the typically infrequent mild hypoglycemic episodes of type 2 diabetes might affect cognitive outcomes in this way [4]. (alzrisk.org)
Our main outcomes were lifetime risk of type 2 diabetes, life expectancy in people with and without type 2 diabetes, and years of life lost to type 2 diabetes. (cdc.gov)

Pharmaceutical companies are focusing massive resources to develop a drug that targets mitochondrial dysfunction , 1 one of the major causes of the chronic diseases of aging. (lifeextension.com)
Lipoic acid increases the abundance of other protective antioxidants while improving mitochondrial function and preventing glycation-induced damage in the kidney and blood vessels of those with diabetes-thus defending against diabetic kidney disease, vision loss, and vascular dysfunction. (lifeextension.com)
[ 5 ] The deletions vary in size and location on the mitochondrial genome in different individuals, although a common deletion of 4.9kB is present in at least a third of patients with Kearns-Sayre syndrome. (medscape.com)
Furthermore, WPS inhalation induced DNA damage and a significant increase in the levels of cleaved caspase-3, cytochrome C and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α along with alterations in the activity of mitochondrial complexes I, II, III and IV. (bvsalud.org)

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease whose global expansion gives it the characteristics of a pandemic. (scirp.org)

Metabolic syndrome prevalence was found in 40.0% of breast cancer patients, and 18.0% of those in control group ( P = 0.02). (ijmpo.org)
Metabolic syndrome raises the risk of diabetes and heart disease. (lifeextension.com)

Data were analyzed to determine the level of use of each preventive-care practice, by state, in the 40 states that had at least 2 years of data during 1997--1999. (cdc.gov)

Safety concerns include cataract formation and progression, intraocular pressure elevation, complications related to intravitreal injection, and opportunistic infections secondary to steroid-induced immune suppression. (dovepress.com)

Diabetes constitutes one of the major independent cardiovascular risk factors, and patients with this disease suffer from premature cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. (scirp.org)
Few prospective studies have examined the relationship between the establishment of normoglycemia in patients with long-term diabetes and a reduction in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. (medscape.com)
In the past two decades, the morbidity and mortality of DN have been rising rapidly in the worldwide population [ 1 - 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a prominent health concern worldwide, leading to the high incidence of disability and mortality and bringing in heavy healthcare and social burden. (frontiersin.org)
Patients with CKD are at a high risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality and are associated with increased treatment costs [ 2 ]. (medsci.org)
In the absence of positive intervention studies on morbidity or mortality in this population, the decision about screening for diabetes should be made on an individual basis. (diabetes.ca)
The rate of diabetes mortality in the bor- community infrastructure that supports self-manage- der region is nearly 50% higher than in the rest of the ment practices. (cdc.gov)
The comprehensive geriatric assessment is often described in the literature as a multidisciplinary, time-intensive evaluation of a patient previously identified as being at significant risk for imminent morbidity or mortality. (aafp.org)
We modelled the incidence and mortality of type 2 diabetes in people with and without type 2 diabetes in sex-stratified, age-adjusted, and calendar year-adjusted Poisson models for each jurisdiction. (cdc.gov)

If the levels are maintained, then the progression of diabetic retinopathy is reduced substantially, according to The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. (medscape.com)

Tight blood pressure control and risk of macro vascular and micro vascular complications in type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 38). (ima-press.net)

Resolution of any impact of these compounds on chronic disease will require evaluation of the many human intervention trials that are still under way ( Table 2-1 ). (nationalacademies.org)
This chronic disease has a huge impact on both the patient and the whole family. (nursingtermpapers.com)

This nutrient protects vital cellular energy and shields against diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegeneration. (lifeextension.com)
In this report, you will discover how the alpha lipoic acid benefits vital cellular energy while shielding against and possibly reversing the damaging effects of disorders that include diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, and cancer. (lifeextension.com)
Disturbed lipid and carbohydrate metabolism are manifested by enhanced inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in patients with simply obesity. (medsci.org)

Anatomy17

Organisms10

Diseases49

Chemicals and Drugs48

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment68

Psychiatry and Psychology7

Phenomena and Processes40

Disciplines and Occupations4

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena6

Humanities1

Information Science8

Named Groups4

Health Care53

Geographicals7

Nephropathy8

Hyperglycemia14

Glycemic control13

Neuropathy7

T2DM14

Atherosclerosis2

Relationship between diabetes mellitus2

Cognitive impairment3

Abstract1

Long-term complications of diabe3

Insulin resistance8

Prevalence of diabetes5

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy2

Periodontal disease are biologically linked2

Glucose27

Diagnosis14

HbA1c12

T1DM11

Macular edema2

Blindness4

Retinal5

Gestational diabetes5

Pathogenesis of diabetes1

Clinical16

Complications in diabetes2

Diabetic complications2

Glaucoma2

Hypertension15

Adults8

Systematic3

Hemoglobin A1c1

Islet cell transplant1

Onset4

Dementia3

People with diabetes2

Oxidative1

Significantly3

Cerebrovascular1

Lesions2

Autoimmune1

Renal disease2

Myocardial infarction1

Risk Factor7

Hypertensive patients2

Outcomes3

Mitochondrial4

Introduction1

Metabolic Syndrome2

19971

Intraocular pressure1

Mortality9

Control and Complications Trial1

UKPDS1

Chronic disease2

Obesity3