Progression tumor suppressor proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

This transcript negatively regulates tumor suppressor genes such as tumor protein p53. (wikipedia.org)
This task can be accomplished by replacing tumor suppressor genes that have been lost or mutated, selectively inserting genes that produce cytotoxic substances, or modifying the immune system to destroy the tumor cells. (medscape.com)
Loss of function of oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes and DNA damage processing genes has been implicated in the development of many types of cancer, but for the vast majority of cases, there is no link to specific germ line mutations. (aacrjournals.org)
Because the effect of haploinsufficiency for one protein is relatively small, we hypothesize that predisposition to cancer could be a result of the additive effect of heterozygosity for two or more genes, critical for pathways that control DNA damage signaling, repair or apoptosis. (aacrjournals.org)
Most of these genes code for tumor suppressor proteins. (aacrjournals.org)
Tumor suppressor genes encode proteins that normally keep cell growth and division in check, preventing excess cell proliferation and the formation of tumors. (pewtrusts.org)
Some forms of cancer are initiated when both copies of tumor suppressor genes are lost in single or a few cells, and the cells begin to divide unchecked. (pewtrusts.org)
Previously, we developed and tested a mouse genetic model system that sporadically shuts down tumor suppressor genes in cells and labels the resulting mutant cells so that they can be visualized within hours of their formation. (pewtrusts.org)
Tumor progression in current mouse models tends to be driven by mutations in specific genes. (pewtrusts.org)
To understand the impact of somatic mutations on key regulatory genes in cancer, we are performing cell growth and DNA-binding assays, loss- or gain-of-function studies, examining protein-protein interactions and transcriptomics. (centenary.org.au)
Second, Dr. Cho's group discovered that two of the type I Melanoma Antigen Genes (MAGE), MAGE-A3 and MAGE-C1, are commonly expressed in multiple myeloma and are correlated with progression of disease and proliferation. (themmrf.org)
Targeted therapy drugs are used to target specific genes and proteins of cancer cells to precisely identify and attack specific types of cancer cells. (medsci.org)
Interestingly, the 1p36 region is frequently deleted not only in NB, but also in other human cancer types, including those of neural, epithelial and hematopoietic origin, indicating that the same tumor suppressor genes might be involved in a broad range of human cancers [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Ample evidence shows that pro-atherosclerotic disturbed flow induces sustained activation of atherogenic genes in endothelial cells to promote their oxidation, inflammation, cell cycle progression and proliferation, whereas pulsatile shear stress tends to maintain endothelial cells in a quiescent and less proliferative state with a low level of oxidation and inflammation [16] , [17] . (plos.org)
Random set analysis was used to identify biological pathways enriched for genes differentially regulated in tumors (compared with 59 samples of normal mucosa). (biomedcentral.com)
Lee, E.Y. and Muller, W.J. (2010) Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor Genes. (scirp.org)
In addition, these alterations affect 3 principal categories of genes, as follows: proto-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and DNA repair genes. (medscape.com)
This article briefly discusses tumor suppressor genes and then focuses on the role of proto-oncogenes in childhood cancer. (medscape.com)
Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, whose products normally provide negative control of cell proliferation, contributes to malignant transformation in various cell types. (medscape.com)
Like Rb protein, many of the proteins encoded by tumor suppressor genes act at specific points in the cell cycle. (medscape.com)
Another important class of tumor suppressor genes involved in cell cycle control and in the generation of human cancers is the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors. (medscape.com)
Although carcinogenic roles for the INK4B, INK4C, INK4D, CIP1, KIP1, and KIP2 genes appear to be limited, INK4A is among the most commonly mutated genes in human tumors. (medscape.com)
From experimentally validated target genes of these 86 miRNAs, pan-sensitive and pan-resistant genes with concordant mRNA and protein expression associated with in-vitro drug response to 19 NCCN-recommended breast cancer drugs were selected. (cdc.gov)
1) elucidating the role of neuroblastoma associated protein HIF-2a in neural crest development and its potential role in tumor onset, 2) how trunk neural crest specific genes can function as tumor suppressor genes in neuroblastoma, and 3) develop inducible tumor models using chick embryos. (lu.se)
OncoKB currently contains 4472 alterations for 595 genes of 38 tumor types. (lu.se)
In this project, you will use chick embryos, patient tissue material and omics data to investigate how hotspot mutations in susceptibility genes affect healthy embryogenesis, organ formation and initiation of the endocrine tumor form paraganglioma! (lu.se)

Some of the new approaches depend on tumor biology and aim specifically to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis by targeting the tumor microenvironment or vasculature (leaving normal cells unaffected) or focusing on specific protein or signal transduction pathways. (medscape.com)
First, they are investigating immunologic therapies with a focus on using cutting edge genomic and immunologic assays to map the interaction between myeloma and the immune system in the tumor microenvironment. (themmrf.org)
Cancer research has been conducted using cultured cells as part of drug discovery testing, but conventional two-dimensional culture methods are unable to reflect the complex tumor microenvironment. (medsci.org)
However, the cellular environment under 2D culture is very different and often a poor reflection of the complex tumor microenvironment (TME) in vivo [ 1 ]. (medsci.org)
The hypoxic microenvironment contributes to embryonic development and tumor progression through stabilization of the potent transcriptional factor HIF? (unr.edu)
Therefore, damaging the MECs layer resulted in the release of various factors (such as SDF1/CXCL12, CXCL14, MMP, and tenascin) [ 11 , 12 ] with a potential to modify the tumour microenvironment and facilitate the paracrine communication between the tumour epithelial cells and the enclosed stroma enhancing the tumour aggressiveness [ 11 , 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This factor may be related to the intratumoral heterogeneity, tumor microenvironment (TME), and the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which is impossible to resolve with the standard approaches currently available in clinical practice. (bvsalud.org)

Genetic studies in mice have shown that mutation of the CK2 phospho-acceptor site in p53 increases UV-induced skin cancer formation,(11) highlighting an unexpected role for p53 phosphorylation in mediating p53-dependent tumor suppression. (dundee.ac.uk)
Cell cycle progression, phosphorylation, and DNA binding of cell cycle checkpoint proteins were analyzed. (nih.gov)
Binds to and inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase activity, preventing phosphorylation of critical cyclin-dependent kinase substrates and blocking cell cycle progression. (nih.gov)
Cav1 and its phosphorylation can impact on the domain recruitment of signalling protein partners and consequently contribute to the trafficking of signalling proteins to and from the plasma membrane. (diff.org)
Ser80 phosphorylation serves to convert Cav1 to a soluble secreted protein. (diff.org)
In mouse hepatocytes, p38γ induces proliferation after partial hepatectomy by promoting the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma tumour suppressor protein at known CDK target residues. (nature.com)
Background: Tropomyosin 1 alpha chain (Tm1) is an actin-binding protein that regulates the endothelial cell response to oxidative stress following its phosphorylation at Serine 283 (S283). (scirp.org)
In the present study, we investigated the role of phosphorylation of Tm1 in regulating its tumor suppressor properties. (scirp.org)
Conclusion: Phosphorylation of Tm1 at Ser283 contributes to its anti-tumor properties, and this effect results mainly from an increase in cell adhesion associated with a decrease in their migratory and invasive potentials. (scirp.org)
Zerradi, M. , Houle, F. and Huot, J. (2015) Regulation of Breast Cancer Progression by Phosphorylation of the Tumor Suppressor Tropomyosin-1 Alpha. (scirp.org)

It has also been demonstrated that GKN1 expression induces apoptosis in gastric cancer cells thus suggesting a possible role of the protein as tumor suppressor. (unina.it)
The encoded protein is likely associated with apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, growth inhibition or cell differentiation. (nih.gov)
Apoptosis-related protein-1 acts as a tumor suppressor in cholangiocarcinoma cells by inducing cell cycle arrest via downregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase subunits. (nih.gov)
Our simulations show that, if HMGB1 is overexpressed, then the oncoproteins CyclinD/E, which regulate cell proliferation, are overexpressed, while tumor suppressor proteins that regulate cell apoptosis (programmed cell death), such as p53, are repressed. (biomedcentral.com)
The HMGB1 signal transduction can influence the cell's fate by two important processes - apoptosis and cell proliferation - which are regulated respectively by the proteins p53 and CyclinE, acting in two different signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
The protein p53 is one of the most important tumor suppressor proteins: its activation can lead to cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, or apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
In this paper, we ask the following questions: How do these proteins and their mutations change the cell's fate - apoptosis or survival - when HMGB1 signal transduction is activated? (biomedcentral.com)
They demonstrated that type I MAGE plays a critical role in conferring resistance to chemotherapy and inhibition of apoptosis in myeloma cells through regulation of Bcl-2 family proteins and the tumor suppressor p53. (themmrf.org)
Epidemiologic, animal, and laboratory studies suggest that 5-amino-salicylic acid (5-ASA) protects from the development of CRC by altering cell cycle progression and by inducing apoptosis. (nih.gov)
The results demonstrated that JIB extract combined with cisplatin enhanced the inhibition of cell growth, proliferation, and survival through the obstruction of cell cycle progression and AKT/mTOR and MAPK signaling as well as the induction of cell apoptosis. (medsci.org)
It regulates cell cycle progression, apoptosis and DNA repair mechanisms and is therefore likely to influence response to targeted radionuclide therapy. (kent.ac.uk)

Surprisingly, these analyses revealed that the lethal clone arose from a small, relatively low-grade cancer focus in the primary tumor, and not from the bulk, higher-grade primary cancer or from a lymph node metastasis resected at prostatectomy. (jci.org)
However, larger-scale genomic changes known as aneuploidy are poorly incorporated in existing models, even though aneuploidy has important roles in tumor development, metastasis, and immune evasion. (pewtrusts.org)
Editorial: Albini A, Pfeffer U. A New Tumor Suppressor Gene: Invasion, Metastasis, and Angiogenesis as Potential Key Targets. (eurekalert.org)
Our data suggest that genetic alterations of p53 in tumors are sufficient to promote motility and invasion, thereby contributing to metastasis. (rupress.org)
A critical event during tumorigenesis is the conversion from a static primary tumor to an invasive, disseminating metastasis. (rupress.org)
The most frequent tumor suppressor miRs were miR-126, miR-199b and miR-22 and the hypoexpression of these miRs was associated with distant metastasis, worse prognosis and a higher risk of disease relapse (worse disease-free survival). (biorxiv.org)
The TNM (tumor-node-metastasis) staging system from the American Joint Committee for Cancer Staging and End Results Reporting is used for all lung carcinomas except small-cell lung cancer. (medscape.com)

Estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha) promotes proliferation of breast cancer cells, whereas tumor suppressor protein p53 impedes proliferation of cells with genomic damage. (nih.gov)
The authors observed that HLJ1 stopped proliferation of lung cancer cells, slowed the cell division cycle's progression, and inhibited the cells' ability to move and invade other tissues. (eurekalert.org)
Recent studies have found that overexpression of the High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) protein, in conjunction with its receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGEs) and toll-like receptors (TLRs), is associated with proliferation of various cancer types, including that of the breast and pancreatic. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, a number of extracellular proteins can bind to their receptors and activate signaling pathways that promote the proliferation of cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
CyclinE is a cell cycle regulatory protein which regulates the G1-S phase transition during cell proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
To the best of the authors' knowledge, no computational model has been proposed to investigate the importance of HMGB1 in tumor proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
Many of those interfere with the regulation of signaling pathways at the central core of CRC development, such as the Wnt/ß-catenin, which plays a crucial role in the cell proliferation and stemness in the tumor. (bvsalud.org)
High tumor proliferation has previously been associated with response to chemotherapy. (lu.se)

The results showed that GKN1 downregulation in gastric cancer tissues is associated with high levels of H3K9triMe and with the recruitment of SUV39H1 on GKN1 promoter, suggesting the presence of an epigenetic transcriptional complex that negatively regulates GKN1 expression in gastric tumor. (unina.it)
Recent work shows that pYCav1 in cooperation with the Mgat5/galectin-3 lattice, regulates FAK dynamics in focal adhesions and favours focal adhesion disassembly ad tumor cell migration. (diff.org)

Most of the CDKN1B gene mutations that cause multiple endocrine neoplasia type 4 change single protein building blocks (amino acids) in the p27 protein. (medlineplus.gov)
Some mutations impair the protein's ability to interact with regulatory proteins, while others lead to the production of an unstable version of p27 that is quickly broken down. (medlineplus.gov)
Mutations in the CDKN1B gene have also been found to cause tumors in single endocrine glands, such as the pituitary gland or the parathyroid glands. (medlineplus.gov)
Somatic CDKN1B gene mutations have been identified in sporadic (nonfamilial) pituitary adenomas and in sporadic parathyroid adenomas, which are noncancerous tumors of the parathyroid glands. (medlineplus.gov)
Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
Mutations, amplification and overexpression of this gene, which alters cell cycle progression, are observed frequently in a variety of tumors and may contribute to tumorigenesis. (genetex.com)
New insights show that epigenetic alterations contribute significantly to the development and progression of GC and if nowadays the role of somatic mutations as drivers of carcinogenesis in the alimentary tract is well established, the importance of gene silencing by epigenetic mechanisms is increasingly recognized. (unina.it)
We are functionally characterising mutations in CTCF and their impact on DNA binding, protein-protein interactions, chromatin organisation and cell growth characteristics. (centenary.org.au)
Our expertise in molecular modelling of somatic mutations on existing protein structures or by developing homology models has enabled us to examine structure-function relationships in cancer. (centenary.org.au)
Germline mutations in the tumor suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli gene (APC) on chromosome 5q22.2 are responsible for the most cases of FAP. (spandidos-publications.com)
Most of the mutations causing FAP are nonsense or frameshift mutations, and can result in premature stop codons thus produce truncated APC proteins ( 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The database of Cancer Passenger Mutations (dbCPM) for curated passenger variations that are unlikely to engage in cancer development, progression, or therapy. (lu.se)

Recent studies demonstrated that the tumor suppressor gene programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) and its upstream regulator miR-21 have been considered as oncogenes for novel cancer prevention or anticancer therapies. (cdc.gov)

MiR-29a-3p was enriched in hBMSC-derived Exo, and the Exo from miR-29a-3p mimics transfected hBMSCs could inhibit laryngocarcinoma cell malignant phenotypes in vitro and prevent tumor progression in vivo . (hindawi.com)
In this study, we hypothesized that 5-ASA restrains cell cycle progression by activating checkpoint pathways in colorectal cell lines, which would prevent tumor development and improve genomic stability. (nih.gov)
Through their efforts, we are gaining a better understanding of cancer formation and developing diagnostic tools for early detection, while also exploring ways to prevent tumor growth and much more. (lu.se)

Lundberg, A. S. & Weinberg, R. A. Functional inactivation of the retinoblastoma protein requires sequential modification by at least two distinct cyclin-cdk complexes. (nature.com)
[ 1 ] His prediction was subsequently supported by the cloning of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene ( RB1 ) and by functional studies of the retinoblastoma protein, Rb. (medscape.com)
The CDK4-cyclinD complex normally phosphorylates the retinoblastoma protein (Rb protein), leading to release of the E2F transcription factor and cell cycle progression. (medscape.com)

Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) is an important tumor suppressor in the development of various human cancers [1] and inhibits translation rather than transcription. (plos.org)

Various techniques have been developed for targeting cancer cells: gene therapy, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), antibody toxin conjugates, small-molecule inhibitors, antisense molecules, and tumor vaccines. (medscape.com)
MECs were found to express numerous proteinase inhibitors, anti-angiogenic factors, and tumour suppressors proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Occupational exposure limits with proteins such as topoisomerase inhibitors, and mitotic and meiotic spindle poisons. (cdc.gov)

A major conclusion from these data is that, contrary to one of the current views on tumorigenesis, inactivation of one allele of a tumor suppressor gene is enough to contribute to tumor progression. (aacrjournals.org)
We used a molecular pathway-based approach to analyze transcriptomic profiles of 59 colorectal tumors representing early and late preinvasive stages and the invasive stage of tumorigenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Of the 880 canonical pathways we investigated, 112 displayed significant tumor-related upregulation or downregulation at one or more stages of tumorigenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
This allowed us to distinguish between pathways whose dysregulation is probably necessary throughout tumorigenesis and those whose involvement specifically drives progression from one stage to the next. (biomedcentral.com)

However, changes in regulation that reduce the amount or function of the p27 protein in the nucleus are found in many types of cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
Targeted molecular therapy against EGFR has shown promise as an adjuvant therapy in preliminary studies in several solid tumors, including head and neck cancer. (medscape.com)
Recent controversies surrounding prostate cancer overtreatment emphasize the critical need to delineate the molecular features associated with progression to lethal metastatic disease. (jci.org)
We tracked the evolution of the lethal cell clone from the primary cancer to metastases through samples collected during disease progression and at the time of death. (jci.org)
GKN1 is down-regulated in gastric tumor tissues and derived cell lines so it has recently emerged as a potential biomarker for gastric cancer. (unina.it)
As a common malignant tumor in the upper respiratory tract, laryngocarcinoma accounts for approximately 25 to 30% of cancer cases worldwide [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
Due to its role in laryngocarcinoma, we speculated that the exosomal miR-29a-3p derived from hBMSCs might also exert a potential impact in cancer progression. (hindawi.com)
Previous studies revealed that inhibition of miR-744-3p could restore PTEN expression, and then suppressed laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma progression [ 20 ], suggesting that upregulation of PTEN could contribute to cancer development. (hindawi.com)
Our lab investigates how a cancerous tumor forms in its earliest stages with the ultimate goal of early detection and cancer prevention. (pewtrusts.org)
Using this system, we have been modeling glioma, medulloblastoma, breast cancer, and ovarian cancer and have revealed highly intricate cell-cell relationships that are critical for tumor progression and should inspire paradigm-shifting strategies for cancer prevention and treatment. (pewtrusts.org)
They will track the evolution of cancer in these animals from initiation to malignancy and will answer questions including how aneuploidy contributes to tumor progression and how it influences immune responses to cancer. (pewtrusts.org)
Our research is revealing new insights into the molecular pathogenesis of cancer initiation and progression. (centenary.org.au)
Jeremy J.W. Chen, Ph.D., of National Chung-Hsing University, Pan-Chyr Yang, M.D., Ph.D., of National Taiwan University in Taiwan, and colleagues increased or blocked the expression of HLJ1 in lung carcinoma cells in the lab and examined the gene's expression in tumor and surrounding tissue cells of 71 patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. (eurekalert.org)
In addition, HLJ1 expression was lower in tumor tissue than normal tissue in 55 of the 71 patients studied, and patients with high HLJ1 expressing tumors had reduced cancer recurrence and lived longer than those with low expressing tumors. (eurekalert.org)
The authors conclude that HLJ1 expression is a novel tumor suppressor in non-small-cell lung cancer. (eurekalert.org)
PTEN gene is considered an established tumor suppressor gene in different types of cancer including breast cancer. (cancerindex.org)
If some important proteins are mutated or there are defects in the signaling mechanisms, normal cell growth regulation will break down, possibly leading to the occurrence of cancer in the future. (biomedcentral.com)
Spheroids made from oral cancer cell lines appeared to have tumor-like characteristics that may reflect their clinical significance. (medsci.org)
In the future, it may become possible to produce tumor spheroids from tissue samples of oral cancer patients, and then apply them to drug screening and to develop individualized diagnostic and treatment methods. (medsci.org)
Meanwhile, the DOC-2/DAB2 interacting protein DAB2IP was previously identified as a member of the Ras-GTPase activating protein family, and functions as a tumor suppressor in cancer progression 7 , 8 . (nature.com)
Nonetheless, MECs were also found to exhibit cancer-promoting effects and provoke tumour invasion and dissemination by displaying distinct cancer chemokines. (biomedcentral.com)
Herein in this review, we aimed to address the roles delivered by MECs in breast cancer progression and decipher the molecular mechanisms regulating proper MECs' physiology, integrity, and terminal differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
Next, we re-evaluate the important role of MECs in breast cancer evolution and progression. (biomedcentral.com)
The pTNM stage is a system of stage classification proposed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer which determines the degree of tumor development according with the T, N and M categories. (biorxiv.org)
Considering this genetic defect and the frequent genomic alterations of the NBPF1 locus in several cancer types, we hypothesized that NBPF1 is a tumor suppressor. (biomedcentral.com)
NB tumors are derived from the sympathetic nervous system and account for approximately 15% of cancer deaths in children [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
During colonoscopy, benign lesions of all sizes are routinely removed to prevent their progression toward cancer, and this provides a valuable source of tissues for molecular studies. (biomedcentral.com)
Characteristic features in affected families are an early age of onset of breast cancer (often before age 50), increased chance of bilateral cancers (cancer that develop in both breasts, or both ovaries, independently), frequent occurrence of breast cancer among men, increased incidence of tumors of other specific organs, such as the prostate. (helixlabs.ai)
Tm1 is also a major tumor suppressor in breast cancer. (scirp.org)
The role of YAP and TAZ in promoting tumor formation, progression, and resistance to therapy in lung cancer is emerging. (mdpi.com)
An important development in cancer research over the past 2 decades has been the recognition that genetic changes drive the pathogenesis of tumors of both adulthood and childhood. (medscape.com)
The fairly high rate of progression to muscle-invasive disease (30%) in patients with high-risk NMIBC require more frequent monitoring by urine cytology and cystoscopy, the gold standard for detection of bladder cancer recurrence. (medscape.com)
For example, in breast cancer loss of WNT5A protein is associated with poor survival. (lu.se)
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a nonmelanocytic skin cancer (ie, an epithelial tumor) that arises from basal cells (ie, small, round cells found in the lower layer of the epidermis). (medscape.com)
Six miRNAs had concordant expression in both tumors and breast cancer patient blood samples compared with the normal control samples. (cdc.gov)
p53, mdm-2, p21, and mib-1 expression were assessed by immunohistochemical methods in primary tumors derived from 134 patients who took part in a randomized multicenter trial comparing docetaxel to sequential methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (MF) in advanced breast cancer. (lu.se)
Shortly, our overall aim is to understand the function of SNS related proteins in cancer and vice versa, i.e. the function of cancer related proteins in SNS development. (lu.se)
164 cancer-related amino acid substitutions in 11 protein. (lu.se)

Regulation can occur through modification of the p27 protein's structure, its interaction with other proteins, or its localization within the cell. (medlineplus.gov)
This CAC is associated with the cell cycle and its regulation is affected by the tumor suppressor proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Caveolin-1 (Cav1) is a 22 KDa multifunctional scaffolding protein with multiple binding partners that is associated with cell surface caveolae and the regulation of lipid raft domains. (diff.org)
The protein product of the murine double minute gene 2 (mdm-2) plays a central role in the regulation of p53. (lu.se)

H-E staining showed tumor tissue-like structures specific to each cell line. (medsci.org)
Therefore, it is difficult to propose that 2D culture accurately reflects the original growth state of tumor tissue. (medsci.org)
Using the PubMed database, Cochrane Library and Web of Science, studies published in English evaluating miRs differentially expressed in tumor tissue and significantly associated with the prognostic aspects of CRC were selected. (biorxiv.org)
Specific tissue miRs are shown to be promising prognostic biomarkers in patients with CRC, given their strong association with the prognostic aspects of these tumors, however, new studies are necessary to establish the sensibility and specificity of the miRs in order to use them in clinical practice. (biorxiv.org)
The treatment of CRC involves surgery to remove the tumor tissue, in addition to radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy sessions. (bvsalud.org)
He scored and analyzed a tissue microarray of tumors from a Swedish cohort of paraganglioma patients. (lu.se)
However, most GEP studies have typically been performed on whole tissue samples, containing varying degrees of tumor cell content, which results in uncertainties in data analysis. (lu.se)

A rise in the levels of the p53 protein induces the expression of p21 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor. (reactome.org)

The studies related to tumor biological and clinical features in adults are limited due to the low incidence of the disease in this age group. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Many neoplasm proteins have been characterized and are used as tumor markers (TUMOR MARKERS, BIOLOGICAL) when they are detectable in cells and body fluids as monitors for the presence or growth of tumors. (reference.md)
Possible biological interactions between the differentially regulated proteins were investigated with the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis tool. (biomedcentral.com)
Although PDCD4 in general suppresses the development and progression of tumors, its specific biological functions differ by cell type [8] . (plos.org)
Although highly preliminary, the findings suggest that different tumor biological factors may predict response to different chemotherapy regimens with distinct mechanisms of action. (lu.se)
The results of our phenotype analysis also indicate that it is more likely that a panel of tumor biological factors instead of only one single factor may be needed for better prediction of chemotherapy response. (lu.se)

Temozolomide (TMZ) is widely used for treating glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), however, the treatment of such brain tumors remains a challenge due to the development of resistance. (nature.com)

Gliomas Gliomas are primary tumors that originate in brain parenchyma. (msdmanuals.com)

A shortage of p27 has been associated with more aggressive tumors and a poorer prognosis. (medlineplus.gov)
Postoperative radiation can also be a useful adjunct when patients have aggressive tumors that were treated surgically or when surgery has failed to clear the margins of the tumor. (medscape.com)

This kinase, as well as CDK4, has been shown to phosphorylate, and thus regulate the activity of, tumor suppressor protein Rb. (cancerindex.org)
Moreover, Cav1 is also localized outside of caveolar regions in the cytoplasm, focal adhesions, the extracellular milieu, and the nucleus emphasizing its function in a variety of cell signalling and mechanotransduction phenomena that may regulate tumor cell behaviour. (diff.org)

For example, when p27 is held (sequestered) in the fluid that surrounds the nucleus (the cytoplasm) instead of being transported into the nucleus, the protein is unavailable to block cell cycle progression. (medlineplus.gov)
He could see that one of our favourite proteins, HIF-2a, is non-canonically expressed in the cytoplasm in these tumors. (lu.se)

The encoded protein binds to and inhibits the activity of cyclin-cyclin-dependent kinase2 or -cyclin-dependent kinase4 complexes, and thus functions as a regulator of cell cycle progression at G1. (nih.gov)
The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein pRb is a key regulator of cell cycle progression and mediator of the DNA damage response. (ox.ac.uk)

This protein is found in cells and tissues throughout the body. (medlineplus.gov)
By blocking cell cycle progression, p27 prevents cells from dividing too quickly or at the wrong time. (medlineplus.gov)
Cells with a shortage of functional p27 can divide too quickly or in an uncontrolled way, forming a tumor. (medlineplus.gov)
studies suggest that certain endocrine cells may be particularly dependent on the p27 protein to control cell division. (medlineplus.gov)
they are not inherited and are present only in tumor cells. (medlineplus.gov)
As a result, cells become more likely to divide abnormally and form a tumor. (medlineplus.gov)
To address this issue, primary mouse cells, haploinsufficient for one or two proteins, ATM and RAD9, related to the cellular response to DNA damage were examined. (aacrjournals.org)
The results show that cells having low levels of both ATM and RAD9 proteins are more sensitive to transformation by radiation, have different DNA double-strand break repair dynamics and are less apoptotic when compared with wild-type controls or those cells haploinsufficient for only one of these proteins. (aacrjournals.org)
Another conclusion from most of the cases is that animals or cells haploinsufficient for the specified proteins have higher transformation rates after DNA damage is induced, but when their DNA is not significantly damaged by exogenous sources, tumor development rates are the same as for their wild-type counterparts. (aacrjournals.org)
Moreover, tumor cells show an increased capacity to migrate. (rupress.org)
We found that 5-ASA at concentrations between 10 and 40 mmol/L affects cell cycle progression by inducing cells to accumulate in the S phase. (nih.gov)
John Cunningham polyomavirus (JC Virus) T-antigen was identified in MB cells, suggesting a role of this viral infection in tumor physiopathology. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Collectively, our results indicate that JIB extract showed anti-tumor effects and synergized with cisplatin against B16/F10 cells, indicating the possibility of JIB extract to be developed as adjuvant therapy for melanoma. (medsci.org)
The p53 tumour suppressor protein plays a pivotal role in the response of mammalian cells to DNA damage. (kent.ac.uk)
Decreased expression of NBPF1 in neuroblastoma cell lines with loss of 1p36 heterozygosity and the marked decrease of anchorage-independent clonal growth of DLD1 colorectal carcinoma cells with induced NBPF1 expression further suggest that NBPF1 functions as tumor suppressor. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, proteome analysis of NBPF1-overexpressing DLD1 cells identified 32 differentially expressed proteins, of which several are implicated in carcinogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
On the other hand, WIN reduced the levels of interleukins six, eight, 18 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) released by infected cells, and attenuated cytotoxic damage measured by the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). (bvsalud.org)
En face co-immunostaining of the mouse aortic arch revealed a low level of PDCD4 in endothelial cells undergoing pulsatile shear stress. (plos.org)
Application of unidirectional pulsatile shear stress to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) decreased PDCD4 protein but not mRNA level. (plos.org)
These changes can be inherited and are, therefore, found in every cell, but more often, they are somatically acquired and restricted to tumor cells. (medscape.com)
In particular, the interchangeable modes of migration tumour cells utilise during invasion and the factors involved. (lu.se)
We focus on the childhood tumor form neuroblastoma, originating from cells of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) in turn derived from the transient neural crest stem cell population. (lu.se)
GEP analyses were performed on highly purified, flow-cytometry sorted tumor-cells from eight subgroups of BCLs. (lu.se)
This enabled identification of TFs that can be uniquely associated to the tumor cells of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), hairy cell leukemia (HCL), and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). (lu.se)

WIN did not modify angiotensin-converting enzyme II protein levels, nor reduced viral infection and replication in hiPSC-CMs. (bvsalud.org)

The crosstalk is regulated by tumor suppressor proteins, including ARF, P21 and FBXW7, which are also frequently mutated in many cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent primary malignant brain tumor and, remains one of the most lethal cancers, with a median survival of only 15 months upon diagnosis 1 . (nature.com)

Hitherto the involvement of the MECs in mammary gland orchestration and morphogenesis [ 4 ] and in affording fortification against tumour progression and invasion [ 5 , 6 ] has re-established the attention in studying and characterizing the MECs. (biomedcentral.com)
The T category informs about tumor growth, depth and stage of adjacent tissues invasion. (biorxiv.org)

In the pediatric group, MB is the most common malignant brain tumor, but accounts for less than 1% of all adult intracranial tumors,[ 11 5 ] with an annual incidence of approximately only 0.5 per million individuals. (surgicalneurologyint.com)

This protein has been shown to interact with tumor suppressor protein Rb and the expression of this gene is regulated positively by Rb. (genetex.com)

Despite being limited to one case, these findings highlight the potential importance of developing and implementing molecular prognostic and predictive markers, such as alterations of tumor suppressor proteins PTEN or p53, to augment current pathological evaluation and delineate clonal heterogeneity. (jci.org)
In conclusion, hBMSC-derived Exo with upregulated miR-29a-3p inhibited laryngocarcinoma progression via regulating PTEN, providing a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target in this disease. (hindawi.com)
While, for PTEN protein expression, we used immunohistochemistry. (cancerindex.org)
Results: We found that LOH and methylation of the PTEN promoter were significantly associated with loss of PTEN protein expression, while, PTEN mutation was a rare event. (cancerindex.org)

Multiple endocrine neoplasia typically involves the development of tumors in two or more of the body's hormone-producing glands, called endocrine glands. (medlineplus.gov)
Apart from multiple endocrine neoplasia, the CDKN1B gene is rarely mutated in cancerous tumors. (medlineplus.gov)

In response to DNA double strand breaks, serine at position 15 of the TP53 (p53) tumor suppressor protein is rapidly phosphorylated by the ATM kinase. (reactome.org)
For example, the TP53 gene, located on chromosome 17, encodes a 53-kd nuclear protein that functions as a cell cycle checkpoint. (medscape.com)
[ 2 ] Targeted disruption of TP53 in the mouse leads to the development of various tumors (see image below). (medscape.com)
The p19ARF protein, which is encoded by the same locus as p16, also leads to cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the ability of MDM2 to inactivate TP53. (medscape.com)

MAGEH1 expression was downregulated in HCC tumor tissues compared with adjacent normal liver tissues and in samples from patients with tumor recurrence. (nih.gov)
Some cases progress, however, and most patients experience recurrence at least once in the follow-up period, creating the need for accurate tumor surveillance. (medscape.com)

This kinase is a catalytic subunit of the protein kinase complex that is important for cell cycle G1 phase progression and G1/S transition. (cancerindex.org)
The activity of the tumor suppressor protein p53 is controlled by a balance between E3-ligase mediated p53 protein degradation and protein kinase-mediated assembly of p53:p300 transcription machinery. (dundee.ac.uk)
The morphological transition requires the RhoA-ROCK (Rho-associated coil-containing protein kinase) pathway and is prevented by RhoE. (rupress.org)
Proteins involved in the ATM-and-Rad3-related kinase (ATR)-dependent S-phase checkpoint response (Chk1 and Rad17) were also phosphorylated but not ataxia telengectasia mutated kinase. (nih.gov)
Similarly, pY14Cav1 was shown to stabilize FAK, focal adhesion kinase and other components within focal adhesions, and lead to enhanced focal adhesions turnover and tumor cell migration. (diff.org)
The cell cycle is a tightly regulated process that is controlled by the conserved cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-cyclin protein complex 1 . (nature.com)
The protein interaction landscape of the human CMGC kinase group. (nature.com)

HMGB1 can activate a series of signaling components, including mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and AKT, which play an important role in tumor growth and inflammation, through binding to different surface receptors, such as RAGE and TLR2/4. (biomedcentral.com)

Small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 is a non-protein coding RNA that in humans is encoded by the SNHG1 gene. (wikipedia.org)

To these aim, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays for the repressive trimethylation of histone 3 at lysine 9 (H3K9triMe) and its specific histone-lysine Nmethyltransferase (SUV39H1) were performed on biopsies of normal and tumor human gastric tissues. (unina.it)
Twelve miRNAs showed concordant expression in tumors vs. normal breast tissues and patient survival (n = 1093), with seven as potential tumor suppressors and five as potential oncomiRs. (cdc.gov)

What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
In the last several years, heterozygosity leading to haploinsufficiency for proteins involved in DNA repair pathways was shown to play a role in genomic instability and carcinogenesis after DNA damage is induced. (aacrjournals.org)
In the last few years, mounting evidence suggests that heterozygosity leading to haploinsufficiency for proteins involved in DNA repair pathways plays a role in genomic instability and carcinogenesis. (aacrjournals.org)
The cell cycle is strictly regulated and controlled by a complex network of signaling pathways [ 1 ], comprised of hundreds of proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
S transition in the cell cycle, upregulated expression of tumor-promoting microenvironmental factors, and profound dysregulation of metabolic pathways (e.g., increased aerobic glycolysis, downregulation of pathways that metabolize drugs and xenobiotics). (biomedcentral.com)

Hence, this study aimed to investigate the anti-tumor and synergistic potential of J. indica Bertol. (medsci.org)

We demonstrated that NBPF1 exerts different tumor suppressive effects, depending on the cell line analyzed, and provide new clues into the molecular mechanism of the enigmatic NBPF proteins. (biomedcentral.com)

This dataset consists of somatic variations leading to amino acid substitutions and that lead to loss of protein activity in tumours. (lu.se)

The HER (erbB) family of transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinases is one of the cytostatic targets in tumor cell growth and survival. (medscape.com)
A New Tumor Suppressor DnaJ-Like Heat Shock Protein, HLJ1, and Survival of Patients With Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma. (eurekalert.org)
The survival of patients with CRC is directly associated with the pathological stage (pTNM) of the disease which is determined after microscope analysis of the sample obtained by biopsy or surgical resection of the tumor 2 , 3 . (biorxiv.org)
p53, mdm-2, p21, and mib-1 expression were not significantly associated with response to chemotherapy, time to progression, or overall survival in the whole patient population or in the docetaxel group. (lu.se)

This case illustrates the diagnostic workup and treatment of a rare tumor in adults showing the importance of molecular and histological studies for the treatment and counseling of the patient. (surgicalneurologyint.com)

Tuberous sclerosis complex is a dominantly inherited genetic disorder in which tumors (usually hamartomas) develop in multiple organs. (msdmanuals.com)

Unraveling the complex mechanisms associated with these events may provide insights into the initiation and progression of WC-Co-induced carcinogenesis. (cdc.gov)
Our research group is intrigued by how we can utilize the setting of normal embryonic development to understand tumor initiation. (lu.se)

Medulloblastoma is an embryonal neoplasm and accounts for 1% of all adult intracranial tumors. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Some neoplasm proteins are tumor antigens (ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM), i.e. they induce an immune reaction to their tumor. (reference.md)
Abnormal expression of ONCOGENE PROTEINS is involved in neoplastic transformation, whereas the loss of expression of TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEINS is involved with the loss of growth control and progression of the neoplasm. (reference.md)

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the CMGC family of serine/threonine protein kinases. (cancerindex.org)

Tumors that developed in mice deficient in INK4A were enhanced by the topical application of carcinogens and ultraviolet light. (medscape.com)

CAV -1 is an integral membrane protein found in caveolae, omega-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane that form a subdomain of cholesterol- and sphingolipid-rich lipid rafts.Cav1 gene is localized to locus D7S522 of human chromosome 7q31.1In vivo, two isoforms of Cav1 are known to exist: α-caveolin that contains residues 1-178 and β-caveolin that contains residues 32-178. (diff.org)

In normoxia, the tumor suppressor protein VHL acts as an E3 ubiquitin ligase to target HIF? (unr.edu)

We recently found low level of tumor suppressor programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) associated with reduced atherosclerotic plaque area (unpublished). (plos.org)
Specifically, the PDCD4 protein combines directly with the mRNA coding region of the target gene ( MYB/c-MYB ) to block translation [2] . (plos.org)

Moreover, PIASy-mediated SUMO1 modification induces VHL oligomerization and abrogates its inhibitory function on tumor cell growth, migration and clonogenicity. (unr.edu)
Proteins whose abnormal expression (gain or loss) are associated with the development, growth, or progression of NEOPLASMS. (reference.md)
These proteins act as growth suppressors. (msdmanuals.com)

Anatomy16

Organisms8

Diseases32

Chemicals and Drugs96

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment30

Phenomena and Processes72

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care1

Genes26

Microenvironment7

Phosphorylation10

Apoptosis11

Metastasis7

Proliferation8

Regulates2

Mutations12

Oncogenes1

Prevent tumor3

Retinoblastoma protein3

Important tumor1

Inhibitors3

Tumorigenesis4

Cancer38

Regulation4

Tissue7

Cyclin-Dependent Kinase1

Biological6

Brain tumors1

Primary tumors1

Aggressive tumors2

Regulate2

Cytoplasm2

Regulator of cell cycle progression2

Cells24

Viral1

Cancers2

Invasion2

Malignant brain tumor1

Expression of this gene1

PTEN4

Endocrine2

TP534

Recurrence2

Kinase7

Role in tumor1

Humans1

Tissues2

Pathways5

Anti-tumor1

Different tumor1

Somatic1

Survival4

Molecular1

Genetic1

Initiation2

Neoplasm3

Kinases1

Mice1

Chromosome1

Ubiquitin ligase1

PDCD42

Growth3