• Influence of C/N ratio and ammonia on nitrogen removal and N 2 O emissions from one-stage partial denitrification coupled with anammox. (edu.ni)
  • Previous studies have illustrated that there is intracellular stress in the process of microbial production, primarily induced by oxidative stress, product inhibition and nitrogen limitation, which finally deteriorating the fermentation performance of microorganisms and prolonging fermentation time [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The other three species can use tryptone as the sole nitrogen source but not glutamate and nitrate. (microbialtec.com)
  • In this review, we briefly describe the underlying mechanisms of oxidative stress-mediated glutamate secretion and endocannabinoid production in alcoholic steatosis and suggest a novel metabolic synapse between hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and hepatocytes. (e-cmh.org)
  • Stresses, especially oxidative stress generated during fermentation, inhibit microbial growth and production, and prolong fermentation period. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For instance, the malic acid production was 92.64 ± 1.54 g/L with the productivity of 0.48 g/L/h by A. niger PJR1 after 192 h [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Most of the different proteins and metabolites were considered to be enriched in a variety of species in metabolic pathways, including glutathione metabolism and alanine aspartate and glutamate metabolism and other pathways, which means that ASE may have molecular mechanisms to ameliorate PD dysfunction. (bvsalud.org)
  • A thorough understanding of various factors governing the metabolism, in particular energy conservation mechanisms, is critical for metabolic engineering of acetogens for targeted production of desired chemicals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Compromised c-Myc levels were encapsulated by a failure to engage translational machinery resulting in impaired metabolic protein and solute carrier production among others. (biomed.news)
  • We showed that integrated metabolome- and genome-scale model analyses were an effective approach for engineering the metabolic node for PMA synthesis, and also developed an economical and green process for PMA and MA production from renewable biomass feedstocks. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The metabolic capabilities of acetogens to ferment a wide range of sugars, to grow autotrophically on H 2 /CO 2 , and more importantly on synthesis gas (H 2 /CO/CO 2 ) make them very attractive candidates as production hosts for biofuels and biocommodities. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, the model will be instrumental in guiding metabolic engineering of C. ljungdahlii for the industrial production of biocommodities and biofuels. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Acetogenic microorganisms have unique metabolic capabilities that, if understood, could be harnessed to greatly increase strain engineering design options for microbial production of biofuels and biocommodities. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, to efficiently engineer acetogens into platform strains and production hosts for chemicals at an industrial scale, a thorough understanding of the metabolic capabilities and aspects of energy conservation is a necessary prerequisite. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Constraints based reconstruction and analysis (COBRA) has been a powerful technique for discovering and understanding new capabilities and content in microorganisms, as well as in guiding metabolic engineering efforts for targeted production[ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These findings suggest a link between glucose, fructose, glucosamine synthesis, GAG production, and placental morphogenesis, but the details of these interactions remain unclear. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Glycoside production by in vitro Rhodiola rosea cultures. (wikipedia.org)
  • Objetivo: Investigar el efecto de icariina en la eficiencia de la conversión in vitro inducida en espermatozoides de cultivos de células germinativas derivadas de la transformación de células madre pluripotentes inducidas de ratón. (bvsalud.org)
  • Malic acid is considered one of the 12 "building block" chemicals for the production of biodegradable polymers by the U.S. Department of Energy [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The results obtained in this study provided insights into the potential functionality of microbial community succession correlated to gene function, which could improve cocoa processing practices to ensure the production of more stable quality end products. (frontiersin.org)
  • Canagliflozin, a type 2 diabetes drug, is a sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor with known off-target effects on glutamate dehydrogenase and complex I. However, the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on human T cell function have not been extensively explored. (biomed.news)
  • The production of rosavins increases in plants as they get older, and the amount of the cinnamyl alcohol glycosides depends on the place of origin of the plant. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mitochondria have folding to increase surface area, which in turn increases ATP (adenosine triphosphate) production. (wikipedia.org)
  • This difference translates into an increase in preweaning mortality of 0.3% per year, and is a concern not only from a production standpoint, but also from an animal well-being standpoint. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The xCT transporter mediates the uptake of cystine coupled to the efflux of glutamate, leading to an increase in blood glutamate. (e-cmh.org)
  • In response to the elevated glutamate in the liver, the expression of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) is up-regulated in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) along with enhanced production of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, which in turn stimulates cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB 1 R) on neighboring hepatocytes to increase de novo lipogenesis. (e-cmh.org)
  • 20841502 ). Catabolic disease states such as sepsis, injury, and cancer cause an increase in arginine utilization, which can exceed normal body production, leading to arginine depletion. (cannabisdatabase.ca)
  • Cocoa beans fermentation is a spontaneous process, essential for the generation of quality starting material for fine chocolate production. (frontiersin.org)
  • In addition, the bacteria can liquefy gelatin without producing indole and ammonia, without reducing nitrate to nitrite, and without producing contact enzymes. (microbialtec.com)
  • For a more unknowing glutamate of the flash mannose, make the dimerization to the intracellular RNA Pol II glucose lipid well. (evakoch.com)
  • Co - enzyme Q10 is part of the electron transport system, involved in energy production within the nucleus of all body cells. (lookformedical.com)
  • Immunologic control of TB infection is a function of macrophages and dendritic cells, man- ifested by a Th1-type T-cell immunity characterized by strong CD8-positive cell response with production of interferon gamma by CD4-positive cells. (forexinfolink.com)
  • Freiburg is 26 lightening download volatility trading second edition humans that each are free heat first a pregnenolone, plus three low production Sensors. (evakoch.com)
  • Glutamate-ammonia ligase (GLUL) is important for acid-base homeostasis, ammonia detoxification, cell signaling, and proliferation. (scilifelab.se)
  • As GLUL activity is linked to the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle via reversed glutaminolysis, we probed carbon flux through both glycolysis and TCA pathways by means of 13C5 glutamine, 13C5 glutamate, and 13C6 glucose tracing. (scilifelab.se)
  • PHF8 transcriptionally up-regulates glutamate-ammonia ligase (GLUL), which promotes the lipid deposition and ccRCC progression. (bvsalud.org)
  • We find that the velocity of the glutamate-glutamine cycle ( V cyc ) explains part of the uncoupling between glucose and oxygen utilization at increasing V cyc levels. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These findings suggest that, in absence of ad hoc activity-related constraints on neuronal and astrocytic metabolism, the glutamate-glutamine cycle does not control the relative energy demand of neurons and astrocytes, and hence their glucose uptake and lactate exchange. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Disruption of the glutamine (Gln)/glutamate (Glu) -γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) cycle (GGC) between astrocytes and neurons contributes to changes in Glu-ergic and/or GABA-ergic transmission, and is associated with several neuropathological conditions, including manganese (Mn) toxicity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Individuals with HHH syndrome should be maintained on an age-appropriate protein-restricted diet, citrulline supplementation, and sodium phenylbutyrate to maintain plasma concentrations of ammonia, glutamine, arginine, and essential amino acids within normal range. (nih.gov)
  • Attention to subtle changes in mood, behavior, and eating and/or the onset of vomiting, which may suggest that plasma concentrations of glutamine and ammonia are increasing. (nih.gov)
  • however, the lipid production revealed a steady elevation on sparging a higher percentage of flue gas. (mst.edu)
  • The rapid ATP production of glycolysis is thought to benefit the enhanced proliferation of cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • use ACYLTRANSFERASES 1973-1979, use COENZYME A & PHOSPHOLIPIDS 1973-1978 MH - 1-Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Dehydrogenase UI - D050842 MN - D8.811.682.662.693 MS - An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate to L-GLUTAMATE in the presence of NAD. (nih.gov)
  • HN - 2006(1981) MH - 2-Aminoadipate Transaminase UI - D051307 MN - D8.811.913.477.700.120 MS - A PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE containing enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of amino group of L-2-aminoadipate onto 2-OXOGLUTARATE to generate 2-oxoadipate and L-GLUTAMATE. (nih.gov)
  • Covalent attachment via an isopeptide bond to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex SAE1-SAE2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2I, and can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as PIAS1-4, RANBP2 or CBX4. (nih.gov)
  • Clearly, the ability to rely on this metabolic pathway will be a distinct advantage for solid tumors that experience fluctuating levels of oxygen by permitting elevated production of lipids, which are important notably for membrane biogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Children and adults need 100-250 mg/kg/d titrated to control ammonia as needed. (medscape.com)
  • Of primary importance is the use of established protocols to rapidly control hyperammonemic episodes by discontinuation of protein intake, intravenous infusion of glucose and, as needed, infusion of supplemental arginine and the ammonia removal drugs sodium benzoate and sodium phenylacetate. (nih.gov)
  • Routine assessment of plasma ammonia concentration, plasma and urine amino acid concentrations, urine organic acids, and urine orotic acid based on age and history of compliance and metabolic control. (nih.gov)