Primary receptor genes beta chemokine receptors chemokine ccl3. Medical search. Frequent questions

CCR5's cognate ligands include CCL3, CCL4 (also known as MIP 1α and 1β, respectively), and CCL3L1. (wikipedia.org)
The CCR5 co-receptor also binds with chemokines produced by CD8+ T cells, including RANTES (CCL5), and MIP (macrophage inflammatory protein) 1α (CCL3) and 1β (CCL4). (biomedcentral.com)
Receptor for a number of inflammatory CC-chemokines including CCL3/MIP-1-alpha, CCL4/MIP-1-beta and RANTES and subsequently transduces a signal by increasing the intracellular calcium ion level. (affbiotech.com)
CCL4, also known as macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta (MIP-1 beta ) is a 7.8 kDa beta chemokine that is secreted at sites of inflammation by activated leukocytes, lymphocytes, vascular endothelial cells, and pulmonary smooth muscle cells (1, 2). (rndsystems.com)
CCL4 is secreted from activated monocytes as a heterodimer with CCL3/MIP-1 alpha (9). (rndsystems.com)
APOBEC3F apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3F: Candida albicans enhanced the production of the CCR5-interacting chemokines CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5, and stimulates the production of interferon-a and the restriction factors APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F, and tetherin (BST2) in macrophages Rodriguez et al, 2013 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)
BST2 bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (Tetherin): Candida albicans enhanced the production of the CCR5-interacting chemokines CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5, and stimulates the production of interferon-a and the restriction factors APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F, and tetherin (BST2) in macrophages Rodriguez et al, 2013 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)
This plasmablast-like phenotype can be reconciled in human melanomas where plasmablast-like cells also express T cell-recruiting chemokines CCL3, CCL4, CCL5. (regenerativemedicine.net)

They are grouped into one family because the receptor complex of each cytokine contains two (IL-6 and IL-11) or one molecule (all others cytokines) of the signaling receptor subunit gp130. (antibodies-online.cn)
In 2001, six immune mediators (IL-10, IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24, and IL-26) were grouped into the so-called IL-10 family of cytokines based on their similarities with respect to the structure and location of their encoding genes, their primary and secondary protein structures, and the receptor complexes used. (antibodies-online.cn)
As such, the role of P. falciparum -derived Hz ( Pf Hz) in mediating suppression of erythropoiesis through its ability to cause dysregulation in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, chemokines, and effector molecules is discussed in detail. (ijbs.com)
We proposed to perform a comparative analysis of growth factors, cytokines, and chemokine receptors on the salivary cells in the saliva obtained from trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and normal subjects. (mdpi.com)
[15] The production of NF-kB1 and ReIA increases rates of gene transcription of cytokines and inflammatory-inducing molecules. (wikidoc.org)
Outcomes Diet-induced weight problems reduced cardiac blood sugar fat PTK787 2HCl burning capacity GLUT and AMP-activated proteins kinase (AMPK) amounts which was connected with increased degrees of macrophages toll-like receptor 4 suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) and cytokines in center. (cancer-ecosystem.com)
Acute lipid infusion triggered inflammation and elevated local degrees of macrophages C-C theme chemokine receptor 2 SOCS3 and cytokines in center. (cancer-ecosystem.com)

We analyzed the gene expression profiles of individual monocyte-derived brain macrophages responding to TBI using single-cell RNA sequencing. (biomedcentral.com)
Also unexpectedly, individual TBI macrophages simultaneously expressed high levels of signature polarization genes across two or three different polarization states and in several distinct and seemingly incompatible combinations. (biomedcentral.com)
Single-cell gene expression profiling demonstrated that monocytic macrophages in TBI are not comprised of distinctly polarized subsets but are uniquely and broadly activated. (biomedcentral.com)
Both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that with specific stimuli, human and mouse macrophages can polarize towards functionally divergent subsets, each possessing a distinct phenotype and gene expression profile [ 10 - 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Microglia are the primary immune cells of the central nervous system, and are highly similar to peripheral macrophages. (sciencehealthandmore.com)
Lipopeptides act as immunomodulators by interacting with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), expressed on antigen-presenting cells (macrophages and dendritic cells) to activate immune functions [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
ALOX5 arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase: macrophages infected with Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus or Aspergillus fumigatus or treated with Curdlan, a selective agonist of pattern recognition receptor for fungi Dectin-1, displays increased expression of ALOX5, ALOX15 and PTGS2 Karnam et al, 2015 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)
Notably, these recruited macrophages may have distinct metabolic, proliferative, and inflammatory gene expression than resident AMs (Mould et al. (biomedcentral.com)
Further, we uncovered several ligand-receptor pairs lining tumor cells and macrophages. (biomedcentral.com)

C-C chemokine receptor type 5, also known as CCR5 or CD195, is a protein on the surface of white blood cells that is involved in the immune system as it acts as a receptor for chemokines. (wikipedia.org)
In humans, the CCR5 gene that encodes the CCR5 protein is located on the short (p) arm at position 21 on chromosome 3. (wikipedia.org)
Certain populations have inherited the Delta 32 mutation, resulting in the genetic deletion of a portion of the CCR5 gene. (wikipedia.org)
The CCR5 protein belongs to the beta chemokine receptors family of integral membrane proteins. (wikipedia.org)
HIV-1 most commonly uses the chemokine receptors CCR5 and/or CXCR4 as co-receptors to enter target immunological cells. (wikipedia.org)
Though it lacks the unique structure of a chemokine, it is still capable of binding to the CCR5 and CXCR4 chemokine receptors. (wikipedia.org)
Because binding to CD4 alone can sometimes result in gp120 shedding, gp120 must next bind to co-receptor CCR5 in order for fusion to proceed. (wikipedia.org)
One mechanism of cell entry involves HIV-1 binding with the CD4 receptor and co-receptor chemokine (CC motif) receptor 5 (CCR5). (biomedcentral.com)
Chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) has gained attention as therapeutic target in various malignancies. (cancerindex.org)
CCR5 a 7-transmembrane G-linked receptor for a number of inflammatory C-C type chemokines including MIP-1-alpha, MIP-1-beta and RANTES. (affbiotech.com)
A CC chemokine with specificity for CCR1 RECEPTORS and CCR5 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
Chemokine CCL8 has specificity for CCR3 RECEPTORS and CCR5 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)

We have compared four licensed vaccines with known safety profiles, as well as three agonists of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) with known inflammatory potential, to elucidate the transcriptomic profile of an acceptable response to vaccination versus that of an inflammatory reaction. (elifesciences.org)

Changes in ST mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation were assessed by immunoblotting and mRNA expression levels of selected cytokine and chemokines in primary ST bound by iRBC were determined using real-time, reverse transcription PCR. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, secreted cytokine and chemokine proteins were assayed by standard ELISA, and chemotaxis of PBMC was assessed using a two-chamber assay system. (biomedcentral.com)
The gene that codes for this cytokine is switched on in an infected cell, and the interferon synthesized and secreted to surrounding cells. (wikidoc.org)

The normal ligands for this receptor, RANTES, MIP-1β, and MIP-1α, are able to suppress HIV-1 infection in vitro. (wikipedia.org)

Cell surface glycoproteins that bind to chemokines and thus mediate the migration of pro-inflammatory molecules. (lookformedical.com)
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified strong associations between severe disease and several chemokine receptors and molecules from the type I interferon pathway. (bvsalud.org)

Sporadic inclusion body myositis (s-IBM) has been traditionally classified as one of the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies along with dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM). However, the pathologic findings of sporadic inclusion body myositis (s-IBM) involve both inflammatory and degenerative characteristics, and the true primary pathogenesis of the disease remains a subject of significant debate. (medscape.com)
Theoretically, the possibilities include (1) a primary T-cell mediated autoimmune response causing muscle damage, (2) a primary degenerative process involving abnormal protein processing leading to a secondary inflammatory response, and (3) separate and independent immune and degenerative processes caused by an external trigger. (medscape.com)
when these proteins bind to pattern recognition receptors in microglia and astroglia, they trigger an innate immune response characterized by the release of inflammatory mediators. (biomedcentral.com)
These inflammatory signatures included phagocyte-restricted expression of chemokines, such as CXCL10 and CCL3, and the broad expression of IFN-induced genes, such as MX1, ISG15, and IFIT1. (bvsalud.org)
The primary objectives of this study are: - To determine the proportion of children with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) related death, rehospitalization or major complications after infection with SARS-CoV-2 and/or Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C), and - To determine immunologic mechanisms and immune signatures associated with disease spectrum and subsequent clinical course during the year of follow-up. (stanford.edu)
The actual fact that severe lipid infusion escalates the inflammatory response and impairs myocardial blood sugar metabolism like the ramifications of high-fat nourishing suggests the function of nutritional tension in the activation of toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 signaling and irritation in center. (cancer-ecosystem.com)

It is a G protein-coupled receptor which functions as a chemokine receptor in the CC chemokine group. (wikipedia.org)
Regions of this protein are also crucial for chemokine ligand binding, the functional response of the receptor, and HIV co-receptor activity. (wikipedia.org)
The envelope glycoprotein structure consists of two protein subunits cleaved from a Gp160 protein precursor encoded for by the HIV-1 env gene: the Gp120 external subunit and the Gp41 transmembrane subunit. (wikipedia.org)
The Gp120 envelope protein is a chemokine mimic. (wikipedia.org)
Interesting associations for SNPs located within or near genes involved in pregnancy and development, innate immunological response, or HIV protein interactions were also observed. (biomedcentral.com)
The protein encoded by this gene is a mitogen-inducible monokine and is one of the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ T-cells. (cancerindex.org)
What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
The receptors are members of the seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor family. (lookformedical.com)
with Pubmed ID, gene symbol/accession number and viral interacting protein. (polygenicpathways.co.uk)
Description of the protein which includes the UniProt Function and the NCBI Gene Summary. (nih.gov)
Lymphotoxin-alpha (LT-α) or tumor necrosis factor-beta (TNF-β) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LTA gene . (wikidoc.org)

These receptors are located on the surface of host immune cells whereby they provide a method of entry for the HIV-1 virus to infect the cell. (wikipedia.org)
The experiments show that the responses of genes in the blood and lymph cells of the mice are connected to those in the muscle cells. (elifesciences.org)
Moreover, these receptors are functional, as treatment of FRT tissue cells with ligands for TLR and NOD induces production of proinflammatory CXCL8 [ 13 ], and those receptors actively participate in immune response to pathogens, as Neisseria gonorrhea and HIV-1 [ 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
Furthermore, interferon leads to upregulation of MHC I and therefore to increased presentation of viral peptides to cytotoxic CD8 T cells, as well as to a change in the proteasome (exchange of some beta subunits by b1i, b2i, b5i - then known as the immunoproteasome) which leads to increased production of MHC I compatible peptides. (wikidoc.org)
γδ T cells express unique T cell receptor (TCR) γ and TCR δ chains, with structural and functional heterogeneity. (explorationpub.com)
Taking advantage of the diverse γδ TCR repertoire or other ligand-receptor interactions, γδ T cells can recognize a broad spectrum of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-independent manner, thereby activating downstream pleiotropic effects. (explorationpub.com)
Activation of LT-β receptors is capable of inducing cell death of cancerous cells and suppressing tumor growth. (wikidoc.org)

Recent studies indicate that some hematopoietic growth factors, namely granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GMCSF) and granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF), are abundantly released in the tumor microenvironment and play a key role in regulating tumor-nerve interactions and tumor-associated pain by activating receptors on dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. (biomedcentral.com)

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL2 and several other CCL2-related chemokines. (lookformedical.com)

During HIV-1 infection, the Gp120 envelope glycoprotein subunit binds to a CD4 glycoprotein and a HIV-1 co-receptor expressed on a target cell, forming a heterotrimeric complex. (wikipedia.org)
TGF-α is related to EGF and binds to the EGF receptor, whereas TGF-β is structurally distinct from TGF-α. (antibodies-online.cn)
As a member of the TNF family , LT-α binds to various receptors and activates the NF-κB pathway , thus promoting immune regulation through the innate immune response. (wikidoc.org)

Among the results was evidence that there was differential chemokine mRNA expression by the papilloma tissues, which suggested that the virus might be able to polarize the patients' innate immune responses. (biomedcentral.com)

PGE 2 can bias the adaptive immune response away from an effective T H 1-like pattern ( 16 ), and can enhance expression of T H 2-like chemokines by innate immunocytes ( 16 , 17 ). (biomedcentral.com)
The dsRNA acts like a trigger for the production of interferon (via Toll Like Receptor 3 ( TLR 3 ) a pattern recognition receptor of the innate immune system which leads to activation of the transcription factor IRF3 and late phase NF kappa Beta). (wikidoc.org)
Since the vast majority of the morbidity and mortality occurs in immune-naïve African children less than five years of age, with SMA as the primary manifestation of severe disease, this review will focus primarily on the innate immune mechanisms that govern malaria pathogenesis in this group of individuals. (ijbs.com)

Individuals that suffered from severe COVID-19 show reduced frequencies of T cell, mucosal-associated invariant T cell (MAIT) and dendritic cell (DC) subsets and altered chemokine receptor expression on several subsets, such as reduced levels of CCR1 and CCR2 on monocyte subsets. (bvsalud.org)

Genes that regulate ligands for chemokine receptor genes have been associated with the risk of HIV infection, a notable example existing for chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3-like 1 ( CCL3L1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
To this end, we produced mice expressing either constitutively active-AhR (CA-AhR), which has the capacity for ligand-independent activation of downstream genes, or AhR, which requires its ligands for activation. (waseda.jp)

G-/GMCSF activates the JAK family of receptor tyrosine kinases, which unfolds its activity by not only regulating enzymes and target proteins within its local milieu, but importantly also by activating the STAT family of transcription factors, which subsequently dimerize and translocate to the cell nucleus to regulate gene expression[ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Unlike V1-V2 however, the V3 loop is highly variable and thus is the most important determinant of co-receptor specificity. (wikipedia.org)
A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR10 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
A CC-type chemokine that is found at high levels in the THYMUS and has specificity for CCR4 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
It has specificity for CCR2 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL27. (lookformedical.com)
CCR receptors with specificity for a broad variety of CC CHEMOKINES. (lookformedical.com)
It has specificity for the CXCR3 RECEPTOR. (lookformedical.com)
CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL19 and CHEMOKINE CCL21. (lookformedical.com)

were able to identify a set of genes (known as "biomarkers") that are associated with inflammation in animals. (elifesciences.org)
Presence of inflammation was characterized on the basis of proinflammatory gene expression, monocyte trafficking, and activation of microglia. (sciencehealthandmore.com)

In this study, we have characterized the T H 2-like chemokine profile (CCL17, CCL18, CCL20, CCL22) in patients with RRP and asked whether it was modulated in patients who had achieved significant clinical improvement. (biomedcentral.com)

Since HIV-1 activates the type I interferon system, which signals via interferon-α receptor (IFNAR) 1 and 2, this study investigated the potential role of IFNAR1 in HIV-induced neurotoxicity. (biomedcentral.com)

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a member of the bHLH-Per-Arnt-Sim subfamily, is a ligand-activated transcription factor reported to regulate nervous system development in both invertebrates and vertebrates, but the functions that AhR signaling pathway may have for mammalian cerebral cortex development remains elusive. (waseda.jp)

It is known that receptor splice variants can have different pathophysiological effects in other receptor-mediated pain pathways. (bvsalud.org)
Formation of LT-α 1 -β 2 complex enables binding to LT-β receptors and subsequent activation of signaling pathways. (wikidoc.org)

In other studies, mice with gene knockout of LT-α showed enhanced tumor growth, implicating possible protective role of LT-α in cancer. (wikidoc.org)

The CGRP- and PACAP-responsive receptors can be differentially spliced. (bvsalud.org)

and CC chemokine ligand-3, indicative of an activated, proinflammatory state. (diabetesjournals.org)

Toward understanding the immune mechanism(s) that prevents patients with RRP from clearing or controlling their HPV infection, we previously performed a paired messenger RNA (mRNA) microarray study that characterized the repertoires of genes expressed in papillomas versus those expressed by autologous clinically normal laryngeal tissues ( 6 ). (biomedcentral.com)

Thus, the change in expression of these three plasma T H 2-like chemokines may, with future studies, prove to serve as a useful biomarker for predicting disease prognosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Search the gene expression profiles from curated DataSets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository. (cancerindex.org)
Despite considerable knowledge on the structural and pharmacological differences of the CGRP- and PACAP-responsive receptor splice variants and their expression in migraine-relevant tissues, their role in migraine is rarely considered. (bvsalud.org)
Similarly, expression of genes involved in neurotransmission reveals sex-dependent effects of IFNAR1KO and HIVgp120. (biomedcentral.com)

AREAS COVERED: The emerging drugs that will be discussed in this review include zavegepant, lasmiditan, delta opioid receptor agonists, neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies targeting pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and its receptor, dual orexin receptor antagonists, metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 antagonists, and inducers of ketosis. (bvsalud.org)

The type I IFNs (IFNα/β) bind to a specific IFN-α/β receptor (IFNAR) that consists of IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 chains [ 24 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

A chemokine that is a chemoattractant for MONOCYTES and may also cause cellular activation of specific functions related to host defense. (lookformedical.com)
The analysis of signature polarization genes by single-cell RNA sequencing revealed the presence of diverse activation states, including M(IL4), M(IL10), and M(LPS, IFNγ). (biomedcentral.com)
Impaired dendritic growth and positioning of cortical pyramidal neurons by activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling in the developing mouse. (waseda.jp)
After LT-β receptor activation, IKK-α, β, and γ are produced, which increases degradation of I-κB , an inhibitor or NF-kB, and produce NF-kB1 (p50) and ReIA (p60). (wikidoc.org)

Differences in mortality due to COVID-19 infection may be explained to some degree by−174 IL-6 gene polymorphism. (frontiersin.org)
Microbial infection) Acts as a coreceptor (CD4 being the primary receptor) of human immunodeficiency virus-1/HIV-1. (affbiotech.com)

A CC-type chemokine secreted by activated MONOCYTES and T-LYMPHOCYTES. (lookformedical.com)
Group of chemokines with adjacent cysteines that are chemoattractants for lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils but not neutrophils. (lookformedical.com)
A CXC chemokine that is chemotactic for T-LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES. (lookformedical.com)

The tyrosine-sulfated amino terminus of this co-receptor is the "essential determinant" of binding to the gp120 glycoprotein. (wikipedia.org)
Pain is one of the most severe and common symptoms of a variety of cancers and is a primary determinant of the poor quality of life in cancer patients. (biomedcentral.com)

Gene symbols, accession ids and various other target identifiers. (nih.gov)

LT-α can also form heterotrimers with lymphotoxin-beta , which anchors lymphotoxin-alpha to the cell surface. (wikidoc.org)

In addition, this interaction increased secretion of MIF and MIP-1α/CCL3 by ST and induced migration of PBMC towards iRBC-stimulated ST. (biomedcentral.com)

The iRBC bind to receptors expressed by the syncytiotrophoblast (ST). How ST responds to this interaction remains poorly understood. (biomedcentral.com)
We present complete information on regulated genes and validated profiling analyses and report novel regulatory networks and interaction maps revealed by detailed bioinformatics analyses. (biomedcentral.com)

A CC-type chemokine that is specific for CCR3 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)

Like the CHEMOKINES themselves, the receptors can be divided into at least three structural branches: CR, CCR, and CXCR, according to variations in a shared cysteine motif. (lookformedical.com)

Anatomy41

Organisms14

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs118

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment23

Phenomena and Processes54

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care1

CCL48

Cytokines7

Macrophages9

CCR512

TLRs1

Cytokine3

RANTES1

Molecules2

Inflammatory6

Protein12

Cells7

Macrophage1

CCL21

Binds3

MRNA expression1

Innate3

CCR11

Ligands2

Proteins1

Specificity8

INFLAMMATION2

CCL171

Interferon1

Signaling pathway1

Pathways2

Tumor1

Differentially1

Proinflammatory1

Repertoires1

Expression4

Agonists1

IFNAR11

Activation4

Infection2

LYMPHOCYTES3

Determinant2

Accession1

Cell1

Migration1

Interaction2

Type1

Structural1