Preventive minority health. Medical search. Frequent questions

While awareness of health disparities related to race and ethnicity, sex, and gender has increased, awareness of health disparities among persons with disabilities (PWD) has lagged. (nih.gov)
Systematic reviews and empirical studies have shown that PWD experience disparities in preventive health care. (nih.gov)
The findings suggest that underuse of preventive medication may be a "significant factor" in the racial and ethnic disparities in children's rates of ER visits and hospitalization for asthma, write the researchers, led by Dr. Deidre Crocker of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta. (health.am)
April is National Minority Health Month, a time to call attention to the serious health disparities experienced by underserved racial, ethnic and geographic communities across the U.S. Cancer affects us all, but it doesn't affect us all the same. (preventcancer.org)
But we still have a long way to go-and it requires efforts on local, state and national levels to wipe out health disparities. (preventcancer.org)
Family physicians play an important role in identifying and addressing healthcare disparities impacting minority populations, with deep knowledge of communities and experience caring for diverse patient populations," it said. (medscape.com)
To outline the prevalence and disparities of physical activity among school-aged urban minority youth, causal pathways through which low levels of physical activity and fitness adversely affects academic achievement, and proven or promising approaches for schools to increase physical activity and physical fitness among youth. (nih.gov)
The article covers a study which "assessed the progress made toward reducing racial and ethnic disparities in access to health care among children" in the United States between the years 1996 and 2000. (bartleby.com)
Analyzing some of the racial disparities in health care among Americans are modifications in both need and access. (bartleby.com)
Barriers in health care can lead to disparities in meeting health needs and receiving appropriate care, including preventive services and the prevention of unnecessary hospitalizations (HealthyPeople.gov, 2012). (bartleby.com)
In their 2008 annual report, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality lists several disparities' in health care. (bartleby.com)
One of their goals is to "achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups. (minoritynurse.com)
Not surprisingly, certain racial and ethnic minority groups in the U.S. are impacted by the disparities in oral health care even further. (docseducation.com)
And the racial disparities don't just exist for the patients lacking oral health care. (docseducation.com)
Implementation science can help address disparities by guiding the equitable development and deployment of preventive interventions, testing, and, eventually, treatment and vaccines. (researchgate.net)
This MRC unit is a local component of a national community-based organization whose purpose involves addressing the public health priorities of the U.S. Surgeon General including improve health literacy among the general public, increase disease prevention, eliminate health disparities, and strengthen public health preparedness to be utilized during natural and/or man induced disasters and emergencies. (confex.com)
Her research is funded by the NIH and has a primary focus on addressing cardiovascular health disparities through innovative, community-based behavioral interventions for cardiovascular disease risk factor modification in underserved communities and special populations. (mayoclinic.org)

Nomadic populations county health systems and tailoring interventions to address identified barriers. (who.int)
Discrimination and racism continue to be a part of the unbalancing inequality in society and have adversely affected minority populations, and the health care system in general. (bartleby.com)
Dr. Wiecha has published studies on patterns of preventive health care among disadvantaged populations, and on tobacco abuse among minority populations in Massachusetts. (bu.edu)
The commission works to find ways to promote health and prevent diseases that are prevalent among minority populations. (stuttgartdailyleader.com)
With the COVID-19 pandemic, we are specifically seeing that minority populations are being disproportionately impacted almost double the amount of the population," Love said. (stuttgartdailyleader.com)
To combat the deleterious effect of this practice on the health of the community around it, the State University of New York at Downstate Hospital in Brooklyn is building and nurturing relationships with local African-American, African, Caribbean and Latino populations through initiatives in churches, beauty parlors and barbershops, and health fairs. (tnj.com)
The study, entitled Managing the Gap: Evaluating the Impact of Medicaid Managed Care on Preventive Care Receipt by Child and Adolescent Minority Populations, examines the impact of Maryland's Medicaid program on 260,000 children as the program was expanded during the past decade. (somd.com)
OBJECTIVES: The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected racial and ethnic minority populations in the United States. (cdc.gov)
Populations of to preventive health care as a result opment of invasive cervical cancer racial and ethnic minorities encoun- of social and gender inequality. (who.int)
Collaborative partnerships are a useful approach to improve health conditions of disadvantaged populations. (cdc.gov)
The rapid increase in these diseases is sometimes seen disproportionately in poor and disadvantaged populations and is contributing to widening health gaps between and within countries. (who.int)
As the combined economic and public health impact of the coronavirus pulls donors and treasuries in multiple directions, chronically underfunded programmes in some settings will not have the resources to address the massive public health emergency threatening to unfold within displaced populations around the world. (lu.se)

For the last 13 years, some of the best things for your health have been free, like screenings to look for early signs of cancer, diabetes, depression, or other problems, and tools to help people stop smoking, reduce their risk of heart disease or prevent serious infections. (umich.edu)
When these social determinants of health are compounded by low socioeconomic status, access to preventive health care like cancer screenings can be difficult. (preventcancer.org)
The nursing profession has always been an advocate for providing community assessment, education, and health screenings to the public to promote healthier communities. (minoritynurse.com)
Screenings and presentations are great ways to deliver basic health information to a large population-and they can inspire a community to make better health choices. (minoritynurse.com)
And in a few areas, such as adolescent mental health screening, care substantially improved - with depression screenings conducted for Hispanic adolescents in 89% of visits in 2021, compared to 81% in 2019. (startribune.com)
Director of the AMHC ShaRhonda Love said sponsorship applicants will receive up to $5,000 to increase awareness and provide screenings for diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol or other diseases that disproportionally impact minorities as well as other Arkansans. (stuttgartdailyleader.com)

It also provides a table that compares the new recommendations with existing recommendations from other guideline groups, including the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care and the United States Preventive Services Task Force. (medscape.com)

Current collaborations include National Commission on Correctional Health Care (NCCHC), One Health and NextGenU. (wikipedia.org)
The Marshall University Minority Health Institute is playing a role in a new effort to help the Cabell County Quick Response Team to provide not only reactive care for overdose victims, but also to provide preventive care. (marshall.edu)
Preventive health care was defined as self-reported receipt of health care provider communication or treatment to reduce risk of falling, improve bladder control, and monitor physical activity among individuals reporting these problems. (cdc.gov)
Review and assess military toxic exposures and ensure health care and benefits are provided to all toxic-exposed veterans. (vfw.org)
Strengthen care and research for mental health and traumatic brain injuries. (vfw.org)
Eliminate copayment requirements for preventive health care, including medications. (vfw.org)
Qualitative research interviewing physicians in general practice reveals that only a minority feel very confident in their abilities to care for PWD. (nih.gov)
Reproductive health care is particularly problematic. (nih.gov)
Providers also report discomfort defining the full set of appropriate preventive screening procedures and preventive care options and assessing patients' ability to participate or use them. (nih.gov)
Effective interventions to address knowledge and practice gaps among PWD, their caregivers and partners, and health care providers using a life course approach. (nih.gov)
Research is sparse on reproductive health care for adolescents with disabilities who are cisgender boys, non-binary, or transgender. (nih.gov)
They noted that the past decade has seen significant advancements in care for youth with disabilities, but reproductive health care and sexual health education remain substandard. (nih.gov)
This can be especially true when it comes to preventive health care. (health.am)
Maintaining or improving your health is important - and a focus on regular preventive care, along with following the advice of your doctor, can help you stay healthy. (health.am)
One potential reason, Crocker and her colleagues write, is the fact that black and Hispanic children are more likely than white children to get their medical care in an emergency room - where prescriptions for preventive asthma medication are less likely, compared with a doctor's office. (health.am)
Population-based surveys provide important information about cancer-related health behaviors across the cancer care continuum. (ruralhealthresearch.org)
A lack of affordable health care, dependable transportation or time off from work can all impact access. (preventcancer.org)
For more of facilities but do not access difficult to reach locations, child health days are used to them due to other issues provide immunization along with other primary health care interventions. (who.int)
A new Canadian guideline provides preventive care recommendations to promote health equity by prioritizing interventions for patients experiencing disadvantages. (medscape.com)
It includes 15 screening and other preventive care recommendations plus one policy recommendation, all of which are graded according to available evidence. (medscape.com)
Proven preventive care interventions can address health inequities if people experiencing disadvantages are prioritized. (medscape.com)
The current period offers "an opportunity to make changes by providing recommendations for preventive care with a focus on addressing inequities, she added. (medscape.com)
Overall, the suggested frequency of screening and other preventive care is every 3-5 years. (medscape.com)
Commenting on the guideline for Medscape Medical New s, the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) said: "While the AAFP has not formally reviewed the specific guidelines suggested in the Canadian Medical Association Journal , we are encouraged by any efforts to advance health equity, especially by focusing on primary care. (medscape.com)
Data indicate that when healthcare systems prioritize access to primary and preventive care, the approach results in improved patient outcomes and lower healthcare costs, including decreases in hospitalizations and emergency department visits. (medscape.com)
Gender-diverse adults have a harder time getting effective primary and preventive health care than their nontransgender counterparts. (yahoo.com)
Preventive health care - such as cancer screening - is a critical tool in the early detection of disease. (yahoo.com)
I am a primary care doctor in Appalachia , as well as a medical educator who studies how to improve the instruction of future health care providers. (yahoo.com)
Primary care doctors devote much of their lives to preventive medicine - the art of stopping disease before it starts. (yahoo.com)
So I'm concerned about the barriers to preventive care for patients who are transgender, including consistent access to adequate cancer screening . (yahoo.com)
Health care spaces and providers often focus on "men's health" or "women's health" specifically. (yahoo.com)
As a result, 1 out of 3 gender-diverse adults do not seek preventive care , according to a report by the National Center for Transgender Equality - or they are not offered these services at all - when they see a health care provider. (yahoo.com)
However, to reach a wider population of patients and improve equity, the health system shifted more to a "low/no-tech" approach with the help of several different areas within the system, including the Center for Health Care Innovation, Information Services, Marketing/Communications, and others. (pennmedicine.org)
Mehta said that he and his colleagues are trying to apply lessons learned from this study not just to COVID vaccine outreach, but also to other areas of health care that predate the pandemic. (pennmedicine.org)
The article argues that when white and minority cancer survivors are compared for their likelihood of engaging in treatment, minorities are less likely to be aware of their medical care benefits and entitlements and are more likely to postpone or abstain from treatment. (bartleby.com)
The study's main limitation is that the researchers used county-based indicators of access to medical care as a result of limited access to individual health insurance status. (bartleby.com)
The healthcare discrepancies between white and black women in the United States are alarming, and they reveal flaws in the American health care system as a whole. (bartleby.com)
With the economy being in shams and minimum wage becoming career, minorities have multiple issues that society is unaware especially in health care. (bartleby.com)
A large percent of minorities are the majority of workers of America, in which requires the most of the health care distribution. (bartleby.com)
But are they receiving the proper access to health care and prescription access based on their ethnicity/race? (bartleby.com)
Minorities are most likely to need health care but are less likely to receive health care services, including proper drug access. (bartleby.com)
Do investments in private hospitals and clinics catering to the wealthy strengthen primary health care systems in poor countries? (kff.org)
That stronger ecosystem can propagate skills, standards, and systems throughout health care delivery. (kff.org)
In other words, trickle-down health care. (kff.org)
We need to keep the focus on preventive and primary care and not allow expensive curative systems from consuming the lion's share of public health budgets for the benefit of a small minority of the population" (11/16). (kff.org)
While there are many educational programs available to African Americans about chronic illnesses and unhealthy behaviors, they are less likely to seek out preventive care. (minoritynurse.com)
Cheatham, Barksdale, and Rodgers have identified numerous barriers that prevent African Americans from seeking health care and wellness promotion: socioeconomic status, masculinity, prejudice, not knowing or understanding the need for a physician, peer influences, and religious beliefs. (minoritynurse.com)
Clinical care proved more effective for minorities and traditionally underserved patients in the second year of the pandemic in Minnesota compared to the first. (startribune.com)
A forced reliance on telemedicine and virtual visits during the pandemic might have helped, providing easier access to care, particularly to low-income minorities with work, child care or transportation barriers to in-person visits, said Dr. Courtney Jordan Baechler, a preventive cardiologist with Allina Health. (startribune.com)
Jeremy Olson is a Pulitzer Prize-winning reporter covering health care for the Star Tribune. (startribune.com)
Only 1 in 3 Black adults who need mental health care receive it. (floridablue.com)
Because of the Affordable Care Act, people of all races and ethnicities are now more likely to have health insurance. (floridablue.com)
Many Americans don't have adequate access to oral health care. (docseducation.com)
Although preventative dental care is considered essential, many Americans are finding it more financially out of reach than other health care. (docseducation.com)
At Boulder Community Health, we're committed to providing high-quality, holistic care to everyone in our community. (bch.org)
BCH strives to be an open and supportive health care organization for the LGBTQIA+ community in our area. (bch.org)
Having access to high-quality health care is an essential part of everyone's life. (bch.org)
That's why we encourage everyone, including the LGBTQIA+ community, to seek medical care to ensure your health and that of your loved ones. (bch.org)
Coming out to your health care provider may not seem like it's an important aspect of your medical care, but it can be an integral part of providing you with optimal care. (bch.org)
Talking to your provider about your sexual orientation or gender identification can help them provide you with personalized care as well as help identify any increased health risks you may face. (bch.org)
The care we offer to lesbian, gay and bisexual women is the same care that we offer to all women who come to us for their health care needs. (bch.org)
One of the principal aims of the current health care legislation is to improve the quality of care. (nybooks.com)
How this difference is resolved will profoundly shape the culture of health care in America. (nybooks.com)
In addition, the R&I Committee received reports from its Property/Casualty, Life and Health workstreams, which are looking at issues such as algorithm bias, unfair bias in underwriting and rating, issues for minority communities throughout the product cycle (i.e., from marketing/access to insurance through underwriting/rating, claims handling and fraud detection), preventive care and mental health coverage. (mayerbrown.com)
The study is in the current issue of the Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved. (somd.com)
Medicaid is a public program that provides health care to low income children, pregnant women, and certain low income adults. (somd.com)
Now in its 27th year, the national observance recognizes the life-giving gifts of minority donors and their families, raises awareness about organ and tissue donation with facts and resources to encourage new donor registrations, and highlights the need for improved access to care. (giftofhope.org)
Multiple health conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure, liver disease, kidney disease and heart disease as well as barriers to care disproportionately affect African American and Hispanic communities. (giftofhope.org)
When people don't receive preventative care and early treatment, they become more likely to someday experience organ failure and require an organ transplant. (giftofhope.org)
Patients should pay more for their health care. (medicareadvocacy.org)
Both Republicans and Democrats, including President Obama, promote policies to increase patients' costs as a solution to curbing the use of 'inappropriate' health care services and controlling health care costs. (medicareadvocacy.org)
This notion, to increase cost-sharing on the part of patients receiving health care services, is sometimes dubbed 'having skin in the game. (medicareadvocacy.org)
But study after study has shown that increasing 'skin in the game' actually keeps people from obtaining needed health care - including primary and preventive care that reduces the need for further, more costly, acute health care services. (medicareadvocacy.org)
More 'skin in the game' is not the solution to escalating health care costs. (medicareadvocacy.org)
As the study posits, 'if patients consider preventive care to be discretionary or if they simply cannot afford out-of-pocket payments, then even modest cost-sharing may lead patients to reduce their use of preventive services, with potentially negative effects on health. (medicareadvocacy.org)
[3] The HIE, conducted over the course of 15 years, remains the only long-term, experimental study of cost-sharing and its effect on service use, quality of care, and health. (medicareadvocacy.org)
It compared the provision of health care that was fully covered, with health care which required cost-sharing. (medicareadvocacy.org)
Of course, manifested symptoms such as these, if treated, would lead to more (and thus more costly) appropriate health care, not less. (medicareadvocacy.org)
The HIE concluded that cost-sharing can - in some instances - reduce the use of health care services. (medicareadvocacy.org)
Once patients entered the health care system, cost-sharing only modestly affected the intensity or cost of an episode of care. (medicareadvocacy.org)
Thus, reducing access to less costly primary care - by requiring more 'skin in the game - does not provide meaningful savings for more costly acute health care . (medicareadvocacy.org)
Preventive care, however, is known to reduce the occurrence of acute illnesses and avoid more expensive health care costs. (medicareadvocacy.org)
Advocates of more 'skin in the game' claim that it will reduce the use of ineffective or inappropriate health care services. (medicareadvocacy.org)
Ironically, Medicare beneficiaries, at whom the increased cost-sharing policies are specifically directed, spend even more on out-of-pocket health care expenses than covered workers. (medicareadvocacy.org)
The oral health examination component provides information on a number of oral health topics including tooth count, coronal caries, root caries, dental sealants, and recommendations for dental care. (cdc.gov)
We examined access to preventive care among adults by chronic condition status, race, and Hispanic origin. (cdc.gov)
We evaluated reduced access to 1 type of preventive care due to the pandemic in the past 2 months for each round by using logistic regression analysis stratified by chronic condition status and race and Hispanic origin, adjusting for sociodemographic and health variables. (cdc.gov)
RESULTS: Overall, 35.8% of US adults reported missing 1 type of preventive care in the previous 2 months in round 1, 26.0% in round 2, and 11.2% in round 3. (cdc.gov)
Reduced access to preventive care was significantly higher among adults with 1 chronic condition (vs no chronic conditions) in rounds 1 and 2 (adjusted odds ratios [aOR)] = 1.5 and 1.4, respectively). (cdc.gov)
Compared with non-Hispanic White adults, non-Hispanic Black adults reported significantly lower reduced access to preventive care in round 1 (aOR = 0.7), and non-Hispanic Other adults reported significantly higher reduced access to preventive care in round 2 (aOR = 1.5). (cdc.gov)
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings may inform policies and programs for people at risk of reduced access to preventive care. (cdc.gov)
Nevertheless, it is important to emphasise that the access to health care among sexual minorities is not properly explored in the literature. (bvsalud.org)
Available data indicate that inequalities, violations and obstacles due to heterosexual hegemony compromise LGBT access to health care 2 . (bvsalud.org)
Brazilian studies in health facilities report discriminatory care, misconduct, constraints, prejudice and even verbal abuse by healthcare providers against LGBT individuals 3,4 . (bvsalud.org)
as well as financial hardship, lead- incidence and mortality rates by ing (once or twice in a lifetime) has ing to their underuse of health-care systematical y implementing popu- a high impact and a minimum num- services. (who.int)
Experience indicates that success of community-based interventions requires community participation, supportive policy decisions, intersectoral action, appropriate legislation, health care reforms, and collaboration with nongovernmental organizations, industry and the private sector. (who.int)
The long-term needs of people with noncommunicable diseases are rarely dealt with successfully by the present organizational and financial arrangements of health care. (who.int)
PEHSUs work with health care professionals, parents, schools and community groups, and others to provide information on protecting children from environmental hazards. (cdc.gov)
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) External is a professional membership organization of 64,000 primary care pediatricians, pediatric medical sub-specialists and pediatric surgical specialists dedicated to the health, safety, and well-being of infants, children, adolescents and young adults. (cdc.gov)
AAP recommendations form the basis of pediatric preventive health care. (cdc.gov)
Primary health care: what is it and what is it not? (who.int)
ABSTRACT Over 30 years after the Alma-Ata declaration on primary health care in 1978 there are still misconceptions about the basic concept of primary health care. (who.int)
This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and opinions about various aspects of primary health care and its appropriate implementation among the teaching faculty at Shifa College of Medicine in Islamabad, Pakistan. (who.int)
Two-thirds of the doctors (67.1%) believed that primary health care involved only basic health care for common illnesses. (who.int)
Few respondents suggested that community-oriented programmes (4.3%), maternal and child health (2.9%), screening (1.0%) or treatment of noncommunicable diseases (2.9%) should be components of primary care. (who.int)
The concepts to primary health care as defined at Alma-Ata in 1978 were not well understood by teaching faculty from the basic and clinical health sciences in this medical college. (who.int)
Primary health care (PHC) was defined This was a cross-sectional survey of sors, 4 associate professors, 2 registrars, at the First International Conference on physicians teaching or practising in 2 consultants, 2 community liaison of- Primary Care at Alma-Ata in 1978 as basic or clinical health sciences at Shifa ficers and 1 medical officer. (who.int)
This was rounded to quality" health care. (who.int)
Before Alma- 70 physicians who were present at the included all aspects of health services, Ata, PHC was regarded as synonymous end of the month seminar in November i.e. health prevention and promotion, with concepts such as basic services, 2009 (i.e. every third physician out of curative care, diagnosis and referral. (who.int)
Dental care for schoolchildren is usually based on interventional and curative actions, which impairs the development of public health proposals for organizing a comprehensive and universal oral health care policy considering the inclusion of children of zero to five years of age (5). (bvsalud.org)

American Journal of Preventive Medicine. (wikipedia.org)
American Journal of Preventive Medicine, Vol 22 No. 3. (wikipedia.org)

She was awarded highly competitive career development awards including the American Heart Association-Harold Amos Medical Faculty Development Program Award, NIH Building Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women's Health (BIRCWH) Scholar Award and the NIH KL2 Mentored Career Development Award to expand her work as a clinical investigator. (mayoclinic.org)

The US Preventive Services Task Force provides recommendations for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening. (ruralhealthresearch.org)
Such programs are strongly recommended by the Task Force on Community Preventive Services as a way to increase physical activity and physical fitness among youth. (nih.gov)

The first project is an ongoing collaboration between VDS and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to address occupational health inequities among Hispanic people. (cdc.gov)

says Dennis P. Andrulis, director of the Social Health Landscape of Urban & Suburban America project at SUNY Downstate, which documents the social and health improvements and challenges in the nation?s 100 largest cities and their suburbs. (tnj.com)

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is disproportionally affecting racial and ethnic minorities. (researchgate.net)
The National Center for Health Statistics adapted the Research and Development Survey (RANDS), a commercial panel survey, to track selected health outcomes during the pandemic using the series RANDS during COVID-19 (RC-19). (cdc.gov)

The American Association of Public Health Physicians (AAPHP), is a professional association of public health physicians. (wikipedia.org)
AAPHP's objectives now include advocacy on behalf of all public health physicians and Health Officers, whether employed in public or private settings, or academia. (wikipedia.org)
Resolution and White Paper, American Association of Public Health Physicians. (wikipedia.org)
Response to "Public Health Physicians: An Endangered Species. (wikipedia.org)
The academic phase leads to a Council on Education for Public Health (CEPH)-accredited Master of Science in Public Health degree from Meharry's School of Graduate Studies. (cdc.gov)
At a national conference in 1984, Dr. James O. Mason, then Director of the Centers for Disease Control, challenged the public health community to develop a strategy to eliminate tuberculosis from the United States. (cdc.gov)
I am pleased to report that the House of Delegates of the American Medical Association and the Governing Council of the American Public Health Association have passed resolutions in support of the plan, and the American Lung Association and the American College of Preventive Medicine have also endorsed the goal. (cdc.gov)
In 1987, the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services established an Advisory Committee for Elimination of Tuberculosis* to provide recommendations for developing new technology, applying prevention and control methods, and managing state and local tuberculosis programs targeted at eliminating tuberculosis as a public health problem. (cdc.gov)
Annie Hardison-Moody received her PhD in religion at Emory University in 2012, where her studies focused on the intersections of religion and public health. (ncsu.edu)
American Journal of Public Health, 113, no. 4: pp. 353-355. (ncsu.edu)
This study demonstrates how geographic information systems software, specifically ArcGIS, can be used to develop bivariate choropleth maps to inform resource allocation and public health interventions. (ruralhealthresearch.org)
Dr. Wiecha's medical education projects have been funded by numerous private foundations, the US Public Health Service, the NIH, and the World Health Organization. (bu.edu)
Public health initiatives for low-income Americans have evolved since Truman's day, however, they still have their limitations. (docseducation.com)
In this video, you'll hear panelists from Boulder Community Health, Boulder County Public Health, Boulder County AIDS Project and Out Boulder County explain and discuss vaccine development, vaccine safety, vaccine efficacy and more. (bch.org)
Int J Environ Res Public Health;19(10)2022 05 19. (bvsalud.org)
I am qualified to be present because I am a public health professional overseeing the operations of the Detroit Medical Reserve Corps. (confex.com)
I agree to comply with the American Public Health Association Conflict of Interest and Commercial Support Guidelines, and to disclose to the participants any off-label or experimental uses of a commercial product or service discussed in my presentation. (confex.com)
Andrulis, who has a doctorate in educational psychology and a master?s in public health, argues that the good or bad standing of the nation?s economy has a strong correlation to the health of minorities of color. (tnj.com)
An important one that public health officials in the social science setting have begun highlighting is chronic poverty . (wikipedia.org)
The programs -Testing for Alabama and Stay Safe Together™ - will be implemented by a coalition led by the Alabama Department of Public Health and UAB. (uab.edu)
The initiative, which is supported by $30 million of federal Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (CARES Act) money, will also target underserved areas in the state and support the Alabama Department of Public Health in its testing of hot spots around Alabama. (uab.edu)
UAB, in partnership with the University of Alabama System, will work with the Alabama Department of Public Health (ADPH) to lead a coalition of entities including the University of South Alabama, HudsonAlpha, and Kailos Genetics to support this robust reentry testing initiative. (uab.edu)
Five years later, the disease had assumed epidemic proportions, crossing frontiers and creating profound difficulties for public health authorities worldwide in attempting to halt the spread of the HIV virus. (who.int)
Its alarming spread and prevalence became widely discussed and debated in scientific, medical and public health forums [1]. (who.int)
With no immediate hope of a vaccine, the need for public health policies and programmes to protect individuals from contracting the illness through ignorance has focused attention on the role of education as a powerful medium for control. (who.int)
She earned her master of public health from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Baltimore, MD. She completed residency training in Internal Medicine at Johns Hopkins University. (mayoclinic.org)
Due to the growing problem, along with the national and international buzz around sugar-sweetened beverages, we thought that it was time to address this issue," said Vishwarupa Vasani, a public health specialist with the health department. (salud-america.org)
During the initial phase of + FREEDOM FROM DATA CONSTRAINTS--The the review, Public Health Service (PHS) workgroups met to availability or form of the data should not be the principal determinant of the nature of the objectives. (cdc.gov)
An innovative United States-Mexico community outreach initiative for Hispanic and Latino people in the United States: a collaborative public health network. (cdc.gov)
However, even modest changes in risk factor levels will have a substantial public health benefit. (who.int)
It is of extreme importance from a protection, human-rights and public health perspectives, that people affected by humanitarian crises are included in all COVID-19 outbreak readiness and response strategies, plan and operations. (lu.se)
There is a strong public health rationale to extend all measures to everyone, regardless of status and ensuring inclusiveness. (lu.se)
Cervical cancer may be eliminated as a public health problem by vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, even in low-income countries where cervical cancer is the major cancer type. (who.int)
Dental caries is considered to be a public health problem due to its high prevalence and severity, requiring specific policies and actions for prevention. (bvsalud.org)

Education and mentoring about health promotion and screening unhealthy behaviors are important measures in preventing CVD, diabetes, and stroke. (minoritynurse.com)
Lack of education, unhealthy behaviors, and barriers to seeking health promotion play a large part in these high mortality rates among African Americans. (minoritynurse.com)

According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), many Americans have substandard healthcare due to social determinants of health , which refers to the conditions of where they are born, live, and work. (docseducation.com)
Long before our contemporary advocates for universal healthcare, President Harry Truman tried to launch his own national health plan post-World War II, believing that "healthy citizens constitute our greatest natural resource. (docseducation.com)
The Arkansas Minority Health Commission (AMHC) is a state agency with a mission to assure all minority Arkansans have equitable access to preventative healthcare. (stuttgartdailyleader.com)
Considering the context of restricted access to healthcare among this minority group, the following questions were raised and guided the present research: How does the LGBT population see health? (bvsalud.org)
This newly structured resource houses the PEHSU National Classroom which allows healthcare professionals access to resources, webinars, and interactive online courses on various topics relating to environmental health. (cdc.gov)
The National Classroom is intended to help healthcare professionals broaden their level of expertise in environmental health and stay informed of the latest information available. (cdc.gov)

The argument made by the article states that due to limited access to colorectal endoscopic screening, minorities and people of lower socioeconomic status have had less of a decrease in colorectal cancer in comparison to whites. (bartleby.com)
For children in preschool age, early onset of dental caries may be an important health issue because it affects groups with socioeconomic and nutritional disadvantages, especially children from low income families, as well as ethnic, racial and cultural minorities (3). (bvsalud.org)

This study investigated the perceptions and practices of cervical and colorectal cancer prevention in Rural Health Clinics. (ruralhealthresearch.org)
People 2000 health promotion and disease prevention where possible with goals already adopted by Federal initiative was coordinated by the Office of Disease agencies and health organizations. (cdc.gov)
Prevention and Health Promotion. (cdc.gov)
More health gains in terms of prevention are achieved by influencing public policies in domains such as trade, food and pharmaceutical production, agriculture, urban development, and taxation policies than by changes in health policy alone. (who.int)
They offer advice on prevention, diagnosis, management, and treatment of environmentally-related health effects in children. (cdc.gov)
Medical Toxicology is a medical subspecialty focusing on the diagnosis, management and prevention of poisoning and other adverse health effects due to medications, drug overdose, acute drug abuse problems, chemical exposures, occupational and environmental toxins, biological agents and envenomations. (cdc.gov)
Education and access to information on preventive methods are important factors for dental caries prevention in the community. (bvsalud.org)

Preventive Medicine Toolkit, example module" (PDF). (wikipedia.org)
Partly because of Meharry's status as one of the major producers of minority physicians, the Meharry Occupational Medicine program has a record of not only attracting minority physicians who go on to practice occupational medicine, but who also give back to the program and the field by serving as mentors for the next generation. (cdc.gov)
This approach did address some equity concerns, but it was incredibly resource-intensive, and patients often didn't answer the phone," said study co-author Colleen Mallozzi, associate clinical informatics officer at Penn Medicine, who helped organize the health system's vaccine outreach efforts. (pennmedicine.org)
He completed residencies in Family Medicine and in Preventive Medicine at the University of Massachusetts. (bu.edu)
As a result the future of biomedicine (i.e. personalized, predictive, and preventative medicine) does not include underrepresented minorities (including Indigenous peoples). (archaeological.org)
Whether for cultural reasons, misinformation, or mistrust of the medical system, minorities too often resort to emergency medicine instead of preventive medicine. (tnj.com)
Dr. LaPrincess Brewer is a cardiologist and Assistant Professor of Medicine within the Mayo Clinic Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine in Rochester, MN. (mayoclinic.org)
Dr. Brewer completed clinical fellowships in Cardiovascular Diseases and Preventive Cardiology within the Mayo Clinic Department of Cardiovascular Medicine. (mayoclinic.org)
Many are uninsured and/or undocumented and have little access to education on nutrition, preventive medicine, and healthy living. (salud-america.org)

As a whole, health systems provide equitable direction and needs through the development of a comprehensive, funded access to health services for the population. (who.int)
These children are less likely to receive, or have access to, preventative sealants. (docseducation.com)
Although segregation may seem to be the only available means of protecting sexual minority migrants from violence, in many detention centres it is indistinguishable from solitary confinement, involving confinement for 23 out of 24 hours a day in a tiny cell with extremely limited access to the outdoors, exercise or other people. (fmreview.org)
Since access to mental health counselling in migrant detention is extremely rare, sexual minorities not only suffer ongoing after-effects of harm experienced in countries of asylum but also are often re-traumatised by experiences in detention. (fmreview.org)
NHANES is critical for monitoring oral health status, risk indicators for disease, and access to preventive and treatment services. (cdc.gov)
The aim of this study was to identify the social representations (SR) of health and major inequities, obstacles and challenges experienced by lesbians, gays, bisexuals, and transgenders regarding access to health services. (bvsalud.org)
A lack of aware- equate access to universal health disease (Tsu and Ginsburg, 2017). (who.int)
2018). The beneficiaries of tive women by cryotherapy, have en- vical cancer, and the hardships faced such programmes undergo a suita- abled many low-income countries to by the entire family because of the ble screening test every 3-5 years implement cervical cancer screening catastrophic health expenditure (e.g. and have access to appropriate and thus reduce inequality. (who.int)

Recognizing these gaps, in 2021 the American Academy of Pediatrics' (AAP) updated their 2006 policy statement on the sexual health of children with disabilities. (nih.gov)

She was co-PI of Health Matters, a CDC-funded initiative that promotes healthy eating and places to be active in four North Carolina counties and also co-PI for Voices into Action: The Families, Food, and Health Project, a USDA- and Russell Sage Foundation-funded longitudinal study of the family food environment (2012 - 2020). (ncsu.edu)
The KFF Daily Global Health Policy Report summarized news and information on global health policy from hundreds of sources, from May 2009 through December 2020. (kff.org)
Healthy People 2020 are leading the charge by providing goals and objectives to improve the health for all Americans. (minoritynurse.com)

Social Stability Risk Assessment of Disaster-Preventive Migration in Ethnic Minority Areas of Southwest China. (bvsalud.org)
it not only enriches the theories of social stability risk assessment , but also has important guiding significance for people relocation and resettlement in Chinese ethnic minority areas. (bvsalud.org)

There is a heavy emphasis on becoming competent in providing culturally appropriate health promotion services. (cdc.gov)
Improve programs and services for women and minority veterans. (vfw.org)
This plan was developed by the Centers for Disease Control/Department of Health and Human Services' Advisory Committee for Elimination of Tuberculosis. (cdc.gov)
Strong health systems are the foundation for All countries should develop appropriate strategies and activities to deliver well-functioning immunization programs and a high quality routine immunization services and systems. (who.int)
Urban poor strategy for areas where fixed sites are inadequate for regular provision of preventive health services. (who.int)
In many cases, the community entry point for health services in urban areas is not a health to maintain this temperature consistency has to be fit-for- center where vaccination activities are performed. (who.int)
Aside from its health initiatives, Downstate also serves as an economic engine for the community, providing badly needed jobs and spurring a slew of business services. (tnj.com)
The understandable and relevant to a broad audience, midcourse review also documented numerous previous including those who plan, manage, deliver, use, and pay revisions to Healthy People 2000 baselines (3) and the for health services. (cdc.gov)
During the plan period, focus shall be on strengthening capacity for occupational safety and health in workplaces and emerging sectors such as oil and gas, extending social protection services to the vulnerable persons, improving the quality of non-formal adult literacy service and promoting culture for development. (who.int)
The search for health services was motivated by pathological symptoms or screening for sexually transmitted diseases. (bvsalud.org)
The study population showed reductionist health representations, sought health services under the curative perspective and faced challenges/obstacles when accessing health services. (bvsalud.org)
In which situations does this population seek health services? (bvsalud.org)
The objective of this study was to analyse the social representations (SR) of LGBT individuals about health, as well as inequities, obstacles and challenges to accessing health services. (bvsalud.org)
The third project is a collaboration between MHUs and the University of Arizona to provide basic health services to Hispanic communities in Pima and Maricopa counties, Arizona. (cdc.gov)
In Brazil and according to the Brazilian Society of Dermatology ( Sociedade Brasileira de Dermatologia , SBD), cutaneous diseases are among the main three reasons for seeking health services. (bvsalud.org)
SIS supplies information and services relating to environmental health and toxicology, chemistry, HIV/AIDS, and minority health. (cdc.gov)

Recognizing that health is the key to progress and equity in all other things," said Tuskegee Institute founder Booker T. Washington, who proposed the observance of "National Negro Health Week" in 1915. (cdc.gov)
A global shift to prioritizing health equity allows for a meaningful chance at finally eliminating these inequities. (medscape.com)
At its August 14, 2023 meeting, the R&I Committee received updates from America's Health Insurance Plans on health equity and from the Member Diversity Leaders Forum. (mayerbrown.com)

Pulmonologists at Marshall Health and Mountain Health Network are the first in West Virginia to treat patients with pulmonary hypertension using a subcutaneous treprostinil pump. (marshall.edu)
The absence of cost-sharing led to improvements in hypertension, dental health, vision and serious symptoms, such as chest pain when exercising, bleeding (other than nosebleed or menstrual period) not caused by accident or injury, loss of consciousness, shortness of breath with light exercise or work, and weight loss of more than ten pounds (except when dieting). (medicareadvocacy.org)

Health screening and insurance policies for diseases like cancer tend to remain geared to a flawed binary male-female model. (yahoo.com)
The major issues for urban health are infant mortality, sexually transmitted diseases and HIV, combined with the long-standing effects of poverty. (tnj.com)
[4] Chronic diseases constitute a major cause of mortality , and the World Health Organization (WHO) attributes 38 million deaths a year to non-communicable diseases. (wikipedia.org)
Chronic conditions have often been used to describe the various health related states of the human body such as syndromes, physical impairments, disabilities as well as diseases. (wikipedia.org)
Most believed health to be the absence of disease and indicated the group's vulnerability to sexually transmitted diseases. (bvsalud.org)
The rapid rise of noncommunicable diseases represents one of the major health challenges to global development in the coming century. (who.int)

Minority children were also more likely to be overusing quick-acting drugs designed to treat an asthma attack in progress: 26 percent of black children used such "rescue" inhalers on a daily basis, as did 19 percent of Hispanic children. (health.am)
We describe 3 community outreach projects and their impact on improving the health of Hispanic people in the United States. (cdc.gov)
The second project was a collaboration between VDS and CDC to provide Hispanic people with information about Zika virus infection and health education. (cdc.gov)

At health fairs, lectures, and awareness programs, the Detroit MRC has educated the residents of Detroit the importance of developing a healthy lifestyle in order to increase the quality and/or longevity of their lives. (confex.com)
Every August, Gift of Hope Organ & Tissue Donor Network joins the national donation community and advocates across the country to call attention to National Minority Donor Awareness Month. (giftofhope.org)
During National Minority Donor Awareness Month, we join communities to celebrate and honor minority donors and encourage everyone to get the facts about donation, register as a donor and talk with their family about their decision. (giftofhope.org)
Spread the word during National Minority Donor Awareness Month: Share information in your community, or on your website and social media. (giftofhope.org)

As a result of these deficits, an estimated 40% of adults (aged 20-64) without private health insurance, or in the low-income bracket, have untreated cavities. (docseducation.com)
The plan provides a planning framework for the sector to address risk and vulnerability among the poor, marginalized and socially excluded groups such as older persons, PWDs, Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children (OVC), women, non-literate adults and ethnic minorities for the next five years (2011/2012 to 2015/2016). (who.int)

Expenditures on tuberculosis treatment may increase over the next few years because of high morbidity rates among people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the homeless, the foreign-born, the elderly, and various minority groups. (cdc.gov)
People with mental health problems can also experience discrimination (negative treatment) in all aspects of their lives. (mentalhealth.org.uk)
Nearly nine out of ten people with mental health problems say that stigma and discrimination have a negative effect on their lives. (mentalhealth.org.uk)
We want to hear from people with a range of mental health experiences, whether yours is good, bad or something in between. (mentalhealth.org.uk)
One of the most marginalized groups of people, African American women, continually score alarmingly low on basic measures of overall health. (bartleby.com)
This bias and systematic lack of engagement of underrepresented minorities/ Indigenous people in both clinical trials and genome studies is partially the result of a history of distrust. (archaeological.org)
Through the Indigenous Futures Lab (IFL) Field School we will train the next-generation of global health professionals to imagine, promote, and sustain a future where Indigenous people are partners in and not subjects of genetic research. (archaeological.org)
In Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness , Sunstein and Richard Thaler, a professor of behavioral science and economics at the University of Chicago, propose that people called "choice architects" should redesign our social structures to protect against the incompetencies of the human mind. (nybooks.com)
ITASCA, Ill. (August 8, 2023) - About 60% of more than 100,000 people waiting for life-saving organ transplants in the U.S. are from minority communities, yet minorities make up only about 30% of registered organ & tissue donors. (giftofhope.org)
As part of the continuing evaluation of the health of + CREDIBILITY--Objectives should be realistic and Americans, a midcourse review of the Healthy People 2000 should address the issues of greatest priority. (cdc.gov)
This growing challenge threatens economic and social development as well as the lives and health of millions of people. (who.int)
In any population, most people have a moderate level of risk factors, and a minority have a high level. (who.int)
[5] Not only does the lack of resources impact on the ability to manage disease risk in situations of displacement, it also manifests in a limited ability to provide medical treatment to people who become infected with the coronavirus, increasing the risk of suffering, long-term health impacts and death. (lu.se)

The World Health Organization (WHO) has advocated the role of education in spreading knowledge about AIDS transmission. (who.int)

The guideline also recommends prioritizing outreach efforts for lung cancer screening with low-dose CT, prioritized cardiovascular risk assessment and shared decision-making about management options, prioritized diabetes screening for those at increased risk, HIV screening and self-screening, hepatitis C virus screening, screening for substance use, and screening for dental caries, along with oral health education and referrals to dentists for children under age 5 years. (medscape.com)

Since 2017, the American Society of Clinical Oncology has recommended including data about patients' sexual and gender minority status in cancer registries and clinical trials. (yahoo.com)

She also has a special interest in increasing minority participation in cardiovascular clinical trials. (mayoclinic.org)

Please refer to the NHANES Oral Health Examiners Manual for additional information regarding data collection protocols for the 2017-2018 oral health component. (cdc.gov)

The Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Units (PEHSUs) are a source of medical information and advice on environmental conditions that influence reproductive and children's health. (cdc.gov)

Moreover, it is a prescription for poorer health, especially for ethnic and racial minorities. (medicareadvocacy.org)

Health fairs allow you to work within a specific community to identify unique needs for health promotion as well as provide basic education and preventive information. (minoritynurse.com)
A person needs the education and support to make smarter decisions, and health fairs can provide important information that can ultimately save lives. (minoritynurse.com)
A well prepared health fair can support more effective health promotion activities, education, and assessments. (minoritynurse.com)
According to data from the National LGBT Health Education Center, lesbian, gay and bisexual women also have a 27 percent higher prevalence of bacterial vaginosis than heterosexual women, with the percentage increasing (73-95 percent) for monogamous female couples. (bch.org)
Funding for events that include coronavirus testing, mask distributions and education programming can help minority groups impacted by COVID-19. (stuttgartdailyleader.com)

Right now, AMHC is accepting sponsorship applications to support health initiatives on the community level. (stuttgartdailyleader.com)

An online survey was administered to all Rural Health Clinics in South Carolina. (ruralhealthresearch.org)
In her job as a community health worker for St. Mary's Health Clinics in Minnesota, Galvez was able to pinpoint a big culprit-sugary drinks. (salud-america.org)
Galvez and Gavin are big players in how St Mary's Health Clinics serves its large minority and low-income patient population. (salud-america.org)
The team featured five community-based organizations, including Gavin and St. Mary's Health Clinics to reach the Latino community in a culturally relevant manner. (salud-america.org)
presentation to staff of partner organizations, including the Mexican Consulate, the Ecuadorian Consulate, St. Mary's Health Clinics' Park Ave Clinic, Risen Christ School, Centro Tyrone Guzman and Centro Guadalupano of Holy Rosary Church. (salud-america.org)

This qualitative research was conducted with a group of sexual minorities recruited using the snowball technique. (bvsalud.org)

Our recommendations are generally consistent and complementary with recommendations for the general population," she said, "but our goal is ultimately to make health outcomes fairer. (medscape.com)

As states increasingly use detention as a means of controlling migration flows, sexual minority migrants find themselves in detention facilities where they may face multiple violations of their human rights. (fmreview.org)
Sexual minorities in detention often face social isolation, physical and sexual violence directed at them because of their gender identity, and harassment by both facility staff and other detainees. (fmreview.org)
In most prison settings, sexual minorities face a heightened risk of targeted physical and sexual violence. (fmreview.org)
LGBTI detainees are often placed in 'administrative segregation' in response to complaints of sexual or physical violence or as a preventive measure. (fmreview.org)
The medical needs of sexual minorities in detention, whether or not they require a regular regimen of HIV medication or hormone therapy, are rarely met. (fmreview.org)
Sexual minority migrants, who experience high levels of physical and sexual violence in countries of origin, often suffer serious mental health after-effects. (fmreview.org)
Sexual minorities, including individuals who identify themselves as lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) and those who are attracted to individuals of the same sex or same behaviours, are poorly studied in population-based samples with regard to health and inequalities in health 1 . (bvsalud.org)

The IFL Field School is a medical anthropology/global health -based field school that utilizes community-based participatory research methods (CBPR) to train student participants to engage Indigenous communities using culturally sustainable methods, and co-develop novel hypothesis related to Indigenous health. (archaeological.org)
The Detroit Medical Reserve Corps is committed to addressing how social determinants influence all aspects of the community's mental and physical state of health. (confex.com)

This study was part of the "Obesity and overweight in the Roma minority in the Region of South Bohemia" research project (grant project 280-COST-LD14114). (nel.edu)
Based on the results of a semi-structured interview and on the results of anthropometric measurements, we can say that the Roma population is at a greater health risk, relative to overweight and obesity, than the majority population. (nel.edu)
Evaluation of selected indicators of overweight and obesity of Roma minority in the region of South Bohemia. (nel.edu)
Galvez and Gavin thought, if they could reduce sugary drink consumption, perhaps they could boost local health and reduce obesity rates. (salud-america.org)

Are Health Fairs the Answer? (minoritynurse.com)
They also presented at local fitness clubs, school parents nights, health fairs, and more. (salud-america.org)

Health inequities are not unique to Canada," said Lofters. (medscape.com)

Mental health problems are common, affecting thousands of us in the UK. (mentalhealth.org.uk)
Despite this, there is still a strong stigma (negative attitude) around mental health. (mentalhealth.org.uk)
Stigma and discrimination can also make someone's mental health problems worse and delay or stop them from getting help. (mentalhealth.org.uk)
If you want to do more campaigning around mental health issues, you could join OPEN , our experience network. (mentalhealth.org.uk)
To be protected, you need to show your mental health problem is a disability. (mentalhealth.org.uk)
You need to show you have a long-term mental health problem that makes your everyday life substantially difficult. (mentalhealth.org.uk)
This practice can lead to severe mental health after-effects and may exacerbate Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) or other conditions developed in response to violence in the country of origin or during migration. (fmreview.org)
Voyeuristic or offensive questioning of LGBTI migrants by migration authorities also detrimentally affects their mental health. (fmreview.org)

Self-rated health (SRH) and cardiorespiratory fitness (fitness) are independent risk factors for all-cause mortality. (bmj.com)
Disaster-preventive migration (DPM) is an important method for disaster risk management , but migration itself entails a potential social stability risk . (bvsalud.org)
This study took County D in Yunnan Province, one of the counties most severely threatened by geological disasters in China , as an example to construct an indicator system of social stability risk factors for disaster-preventive migration based on a literature survey and in-depth interviews. (bvsalud.org)
It includes an online, COVID-19 health check tool that allows individuals to assess their health and symptoms, as well as an exposure notification app backed by Google and Apple technology that can anonymously alert someone if they are at risk from having been in proximity to someone who has tested positive for COVID-19. (uab.edu)
Because new data showed increased health risk or midcourse changes (1). (cdc.gov)
Continuing surveillance of levels and patterns of risk factors is of fundamental importance to planning and evaluating these preventive activities. (who.int)
Decisions made outside the health sector often have a major bearing on elements that influence the risk factors. (who.int)

Medicaid has proven crucial to the health and well-being of our children, said Eberly. (somd.com)

A chronic condition (also known as chronic disease or chronic illness ) is a health condition or disease that is persistent or otherwise long-lasting in its effects or a disease that comes with time. (wikipedia.org)

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment4

Psychiatry and Psychology6

Disciplines and Occupations5

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena8

Named Groups2

Health Care46

Geographicals1

Disparities17

Populations12

Screenings6

United States Preventive Services Task Force1

Care110

American Journal of Preventive Medicine2

Women's Health1

Task Force2

Centers for Diseas1

America1

Pandemic2

Public health34

Behaviors2

Healthcare6

Socioeconomic2

Prevention7

Medicine9

Access8

20211

20203

Ethnic minority2

Services16

Equity3

Hypertension2

Diseases6

Hispanic3

Awareness4

Adults2

People13

World Health Organ1

Dental caries1

Cancer1

Clinical trials1

20171

Pediatric1

Poorer1

Education5

Initiatives1

Clinics5

Qualitative1

Outcomes1

Sexual7

Medical2

Obesity4

Fairs2

Inequities1

Mental health8

Risk7

Proven1

Chronic disease1