MicrosurgeryProctoscopyPreoperative CareLaser TherapyAdenoma, VillousPreoperative PeriodSpisulaLasers, GasNatural Orifice Endoscopic SurgeryRectal NeoplasmsAnal CanalNeurosurgeryAndrologyClassificationNeurosurgical ProceduresVasovasostomyTreatment OutcomeSurgery, Computer-AssistedOrgan Sparing TreatmentsRetrospective StudiesPostoperative ComplicationsRadiosurgeryLaryngeal NeoplasmsAmputation, TraumaticPituitary IrradiationLasersSurgical InstrumentsLaryngoscopyReconstructive Surgical ProceduresNeuroma, AcousticMeningiomaReplantationNeurilemmomaSurgical FlapsParticle AcceleratorsFallopian Tube DiseasesAdenomaFollow-Up StudiesEquipment DesignMeningeal NeoplasmsSpinal Cord NeoplasmsMagnetic Resonance Imaging