Predominantly protein serine threonine kinases. Medical search. Frequent questions

Modifications Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries in the phosphorylation state of the DAT by kinases causes alterations in the function and location of the DAT. (inhibitorkit.com)
Tau phosphorylation regulates both normal and pathological functions of this protein. (biovendor.com)
Inhibition of Cdk5 by olomoucine enhanced phosphorylation of kinesin, suggesting that the effect was mediated by negative regulation of other kinases. (frontiersin.org)
Antibody Microarray Analyses of Signal Transduction Protein Expression and Phosphorylation during Porcine Oocyte Maturation. (appliedbioinfo.com)
Increases in apparent protein levels of protein kinases accounted for most of the detected changes during the GV to MI transition, whereas reduced protein kinase levels and increased protein phosphorylation characterized the MI to MII transition. (appliedbioinfo.com)
Western blotting analyses confirmed altered expression levels of Bub1A, IRAK4, MST2, PP4C, and Rsk2, and the phosphorylation site changes in the kinases Erk5 (T218 + Y220), FAK (S722), GSK3-beta (Y216), MEK1 (S217 + S221) and PKR1 (T451), and nucleophosmin/B23 (S4) during pig oocyte maturation. (appliedbioinfo.com)
Although viewed as a constitutive housekeeping enzyme in the past, PP2A is a highly regulated phosphatase and is emerging as an important regulator of multiple cellular processes involving protein phosphorylation. (ac.be)
1 Reversible protein phosphorylation is an important regulatory mechanism that controls the activities of a myriad of proteins and is thus involved in virtually every major physiological process. (ac.be)
But advances in the understanding of protein phosphatases make now clear that these enzymes are precisely regulated and are as important as kinases in the regulation of cellular processes involving protein phosphorylation. (ac.be)
4 While proteins can be phosphorylated on nine amino acids, serine, threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation are by far the most predominant in eukaryotic cells. (ac.be)
The E1 helicase is regulated at least in part by protein phosphorylation, however no systematic approach to phosphate site mapping has been attempted. (biomedcentral.com)
We have utilized mass spectrometry of purified bovine papillomavirus E1 protein to identify and characterize new sites of phosphorylation. (biomedcentral.com)
A number of individual phosphorylation sites on BPV E1 have been identified by several groups, but no systematic effort to identify all of the phosphorylated amino acid positions of this protein has been undertaken. (biomedcentral.com)

BACKGROUND: Inhibitors of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway are currently in clinical trials. (ox.ac.uk)
The cellular mechanisms by which contractile activity stimulates skeletal muscle hypertrophy are beginning to be elucidated and appear to include activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling substrate mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). (elsevierpure.com)

mice where all three isoforms of Pim kinase family members are genetically deleted. (gasyblog.com)
Members of the protein kinase C (PKC) family of serine/threonine kinases play a key role in regulating the differentiation and growth of diverse cell types and, to date, the cloning of seven mammalian PKC genes encoding eight distinct isoforms has been reported. (bgu.ac.il)
Several isoforms of the protein with molecular sizes of 47 kDa and 52 kDa exist due to multiple ALTERNATIVE SPLICING. (lookformedical.com)

KIT is a receptor tyrosine kinase type III, which binds to stem cell factor. (inhibitorkit.com)
Tyro3 (or Sky) is a member of the Axl subfamily, which is composed of receptor tyr kinases (RTKs) containing an extracellular ligand-binding region with two immunoglobulin-like domains followed by two fibronectin type III repeats, a transmembrane segment, and an intracellular catalytic domain. (umbc.edu)
They are regulatory proteins that play a role in G-protein-coupled receptor densensitization. (lookformedical.com)
A ubiquitously expressed G-protein-coupled receptor kinase subtype that has specificity for the agonist-occupied form of BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and a variety of other G-PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
Although it is highly homologous to G-PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR KINASE 2, it is not considered to play an essential role in regulating myocardial contractile response. (lookformedical.com)
A G-protein-coupled receptor kinase subtype that is primarily expressed in the MYOCARDIUM and may play a role in the regulation of cardiac functions. (lookformedical.com)
Research into the oncogenic mechanisms of GISTs has found that these tumors frequently contain activating gene mutations in either platelet-derived growth factor receptor A ( PDGFRA ) or a receptor tyrosine protein associated with a mast cell growth factor receptor encoded by the KIT gene. (biomedcentral.com)
GISTs are characterized by mutations in a receptor tyrosine protein (encoded by the KIT gene) associated with a mast cell growth factor receptor or in the gene encoding platelet-derived growth factor receptor A ( PDGFRA ). (biomedcentral.com)
Mutations in KIT or the receptor tyrosine kinase PDGFRA are the hallmarks of molecular diagnosis of GIST. (biomedcentral.com)
The data characterize TrkAIII as a novel internal membrane-associated centrosome kinase, unveiling an important alternative mechanism to "classical" cell surface oncogenic receptor tk signaling through which stress-regulated alternative TrkAIII splicing influences the oncogenic process. (cnr.it)
Intrinsic brain RAS is an enzyme-neuropeptide system having functional components (angiotensinogen, peptidases, angiotensin, and specific receptor proteins) with important biological and neurobiological activities in the brain. (hindawi.com)
Upon binding, this complex translocates to the cytoplasm, where it interacts with TGF-beta receptor type-1 (TGFBR1), leading to the degradation of both the encoded protein and TGFBR1. (cancerindex.org)

Although intracellular signal transduction is often portrayed as a protein kinase 'domino effect', the counterbalancing function of phosphatases, and thus the control of phosphatase activity, is equally relevant to proper regulation of cellular function. (ac.be)

Tau interacts with actin in the cytoskeleton and neuronal outgrowth, anchors enzymes such as protein kinases and phosphatases, and regulates intracellular vesicle transport. (biovendor.com)
Tyrosine specific protein phosphatases (PTPases) contain two conserved cysteines, the second one has been shown to be absolutely required for activity. (embl.de)
The deduced amino acid sequence of PPS1p shows similarity with protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases) and is most closely related to a subfamily of PTPases that are capable of dephosphorylating phosphoseryl and phosphothreonyl residues as well as phosphotyrosyl residues. (embl.de)
Kinex antibody microarray analyses was used to investigate the regulation of 188 protein kinases, 24 protein phosphatases, and 170 other regulatory proteins during meiotic maturation of immature germinal vesicle (GV+) pig oocytes to maturing oocytes that had completed meiosis I (MI), and fully mature oocytes arrested at metaphase of meiosis II (MII). (appliedbioinfo.com)
This facilitates TrkAIII tk-mediated binding of gamma-tubulin, which is regulated by endogenous protein tyrosine phosphatases and geldanamycin-sensitive interaction with Hsp90, paving the way for TrkAIII recruitment to the centrosome. (cnr.it)
Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a widely expressed family of protein phosphatases made of a core dimer, composed of a catalytic (C) subunit and a structural (A) subunit, in association with a third variable regulatory (B) subunit. (ac.be)
In the past, most of the attention was focused primarily on protein kinases and on their regulation, mainly because phosphatases were then viewed as simple housekeeping enzymes. (ac.be)

Amphetamine, a psychostim ulant, also causes reversal and altered cellular location of the DAT which is known to be regulated by kinases, phos phatases, and Ca2 localization and association. (inhibitorkit.com)
In turn, GTP-bound active GTPases can interact with a plethora of different effectors which mediate the different cellular functions of this family of proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Conclusion Pim kinases prevent premature BMN673 cardiac aging and maintain a healthy pool of functional mitochondria leading to efficient cellular energetics. (gasyblog.com)
Transcripts found in unfertilized oocytes also encoded a large number of proteins implicated in cell adherence, tight junction and focal adhesion, suggesting high complexity in terms of structure and cellular interactions in embryos prior to midblastula transition (MBT). (biomedcentral.com)
and cellular phenotype that is caused by ATM loss clearly places this protein at a top position in the DSB -response cascade. (diff.org)
The process of moving proteins from one cellular compartment (including extracellular) to another by various sorting and transport mechanisms such as gated transport, protein translocation, and vesicular transport. (lookformedical.com)
2 Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a very abundant - it accounts for as much as 1% of total cellular proteins - ubiquitous and remarkably conserved enzyme. (ac.be)

This gene encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase activated by proapoptotic molecules indicating the encoded protein functions as a growth suppressor. (appliedbioinfo.com)

We studied the involvement of protein kinases A and C, phospho inositol 3 kinase, extracellu lar regulated kinases , vesicular release of dopamine, and changes in intracellular Ca2 concentra tions in the actions of estrogens. (inhibitorkit.com)
The main structural coat protein of COATED VESICLES which play a key role in the intracellular transport between membranous organelles. (lookformedical.com)
This function depends upon intracellular TrkAIII accumulation and spontaneous interphase-restricted activation, in cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase (tk) domain orientation, predominantly within structures that closely associate with the fully assembled endoplasmic reticulum intermediate compartment and Golgi network. (cnr.it)

Tau is a microtubule-associated protein found predominantly in neuronal axons of the vertebrate brain. (biovendor.com)
A c-jun amino-terminal kinase that is found predominantly within NEURONS of the BRAIN, suggesting a role in stress-induced neuronal APOPTOSIS. (lookformedical.com)

The PTKc family is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). (umbc.edu)
RESULTS: Inhibition of PI3K and mTOR reduced oxygen consumption by cancer cell lines is predominantly due to reduction of mitochondrial respiration coupled to ATP production. (ox.ac.uk)

Note that by convention gene names are italicized and the proteins they make are not. (cancerquest.org)
As an example TP 53 refers to the gene and p53 refers to the protein. (cancerquest.org)
Cells that are missing one copy of the ATM gene produce half the normal amount of ATM protein. (diff.org)
The PPS1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae codes for a dual specificity protein phosphatase with a role in the DNA synthesis phase of the cell cycle. (embl.de)
The protein encoded by this gene is a nuclear protein that binds the E3 ubiquitin ligase SMURF2. (cancerindex.org)
What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)

Rho proteins belong to the Ras superfamily. (biomedcentral.com)

The deduced primary structure contains consensus sequences characteristic of protein kinase catalytic domains and, based on its amino acid sequence and domain structure, is a member of the PKC family. (bgu.ac.il)

PTKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. (umbc.edu)
Typically Rho proteins are 190-250 residues long and consist only of the GTPase domain and short terminal C-terminal extensions. (biomedcentral.com)
They remove the phosphate group from both phospho-tyrosine and phospho-serine/threonine residues. (embl.de)
The PPS1 protein was expressed in Escherichia coli, and the protein was shown to catalyze the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl phosphate, dephosphorylate phosphotyrosyl, and phosphothreonyl residues in synthetic diphosphorylated peptides and to inactivate the human ERK1 protein. (embl.de)

mTOR is normally a serine/threonine kinase having the ability to integrate environmental stimuli to modify cell metabolism success development and proliferation. (bioskinrevive.com)
Interestingly, mTOR activation occurred predominantly in fibers expressing type IIa but not type I myosin heavy chain isoform. (elsevierpure.com)

This domain occurred 312 times on human genes ( 727 proteins). (umbc.edu)
Degenerate oligonucleotide primers corresponding to conserved sequence motifs, which distinguish the PKC family from other protein kinases, were employed in polymerase chain reactions (PCR) to amplify partial core sequences of putative PKC genes from a human peripheral blood lymphocyte-derived cDNA library. (bgu.ac.il)
At T1, the significantly more abundant enzyme-coding genes were related to threonine metabolism and those genes related to the glycolytic pathway, explained by the abundance of sugars in the medium. (frontiersin.org)
Genes whose protein products stimulate or enhance the division and viability of cells. (cancerquest.org)
Genes whose protein products can directly or indirectly prevent cell division or lead to cell death. (cancerquest.org)
protein allows mutations to accumulate in other genes, which may cause cells to grow and divide in an uncontrolled way. (diff.org)
this protein prevents efficient repair of DNA damage, leading to the accumulation of mutations in other genes. (diff.org)

Rho GTPase effectors are a large group of proteins and include actin nucleation promoting molecules, adaptors, as well as kinases. (biomedcentral.com)
Eye proteins are the biological molecules that make up the various structures of the eye and are essential for its proper function. (lookformedical.com)
The molecules acting through RAS predominantly ARBs and ACEI are found to be effective in various ongoing and completed clinical trials related to cognition, memory, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and pain. (hindawi.com)

GSK3β and Cdk5 are the two kinases in the center of research on Alzheimer's disease (AD), involved in the pathological symptoms of AD, Aβ plaque formation, tau hyperphosphorylation and neurodegeneration. (frontiersin.org)
So far, both kinases have mostly been examined in isolation, leading to a schism of the research field into defenders of the GSK3β-versus the Cdk5 hypotheses of AD. (frontiersin.org)
Cdk5 is named after its structural similarity to members of the serine/threonine cyclin-dependent kinase family. (frontiersin.org)

while genotype C induced tumor progression predominantly via PPARG/CTNNB1 signalling cascade. (edu.hk)
Several of these kinases have known roles in regulating cell cycle progression. (biomedcentral.com)

Interestingly, YAP1 was predominantly cytoplasmic, while WWTR1 was nuclear in oocytes and somatic cells. (appliedbioinfo.com)

Analysis of the predicted amino acid sequence suggests that the protein consists of an active phosphatase domain, an inactive phosphatase-like domain, and an NH2-terminal extension. (embl.de)
Mutation of the catalytic cysteinyl residue in the active phosphatase domain reduced the in vitro activity of the mutant protein to less than 0.5% of wild type activity, while mutation of the corresponding cysteinyl residue of the inactive phosphatase-like domain had no effect on in vitro activity. (embl.de)

Rho GTPases represent a family of small GTP-binding proteins involved in cell cytoskeleton organization, migration, transcription, and proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
Within their GTPase domains, they share approximately 30% amino acid identity with the Ras proteins and 40-95% identity within the family. (biomedcentral.com)
A family of serine-threonine kinases that are specific for G-PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
A family of G-protein-coupled receptors that was originally identified by its ability to bind N-formyl peptides such as N-FORMYLMETHIONINE LEUCYL-PHENYLALANINE. (lookformedical.com)
Noncanonical WNT signals are transduced through Frizzled family receptors and ROR2/RYK coreceptors to the Dishevelled-dependent (Rho family GTPases and c-jun NH 2 -terminal kinase) or the Ca 2+ -dependent (NLK and nuclear factor of activated T cells) signaling cascades. (aacrjournals.org)

Last but not least, we discovered that different genotypes induced tumor development via different signalling pathways predominantly. (edu.hk)

Included within this ~2.7-kilobase pair cDNA is an open reading frame of 2,118 nucleotides encoding a putative 82-kDa protein. (bgu.ac.il)

The LATS1 kinase is a core member of the hippo signaling pathway that phosphorylates and inactivates the transcriptional co-activators YAP1 and WWTR1. (appliedbioinfo.com)
The Smad7 protein is negative regulator of the TGF-β signaling pathway, which is upregulated in patients with breast cancer. (cancerindex.org)

The oocyte is loaded with maternal mRNAs and proteins that control the cell maintenance and fate and the formation of the body plan prior to the onset of zygotic genome expression [ 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
miRNAs regulate proteins expressions by arresting or degrading the mRNAs. (cancerindex.org)

This creates an environment for increased rapid bioavail ability of E2 which can elicit nongenomic effects such as Ca2 mobilization, kinase activation, and alterations in dopamine subcellular location via membrane estrogen receptors. (inhibitorkit.com)
Then we addressed the subcellular localization of ER, ER, the alternative mem brane ER, and DAT to see if estrogen induced trafficking of these proteins in and out of the plasma membrane could explain some of the regulatory effects on dopamine efflux. (inhibitorkit.com)
Regulatory proteins that down-regulate phosphorylated G-protein membrane receptors, including rod and cone photoreceptors and adrenergic receptors. (lookformedical.com)
Virions consist, of a central DNA/protein core surrounded in turn by an internal limiting membrane, a viral capsid, and, in the case of those particles that bud from the plasma membrane, an outer viral envelope (Figure 1. (ictv.global)

abstract = "Microtubule-associated serine/threonine kinase 1 (MAST1) is a central driver of cisplatin resistance in human cancers. (uthscsa.edu)

A structural feature that distinguishes the Rho proteins from other small GTPases is the so-called Rho insert domain located between a β strand and an α helix within the small GTPase domain [ 1 - 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Heart failure and hypertrophy prompt reprogramming of fuel utilization to rely predominantly on glucose metabolism similar to the fetal heart 6. (gasyblog.com)

Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)

Although some virion-associated proteins such as the major capsid protein, comprise structural elements of the particle, others serve catalytic or regulatory roles, e.g., the virion-associated transactivator of immediate-early transcription. (ictv.global)
Both types of structure predominantly comprise hexavalent capsomers, a total of 1,460 per virion, that are composed of the major capsid protein (MCP). (ictv.global)

A hallmark of events observed during segmentation was the induction of multiple transcription factors, including a large group of homeobox proteins in pace with decay of a large fraction of maternal transcripts. (biomedcentral.com)

Clathrin also interacts with cytoskeletal proteins. (lookformedical.com)

The mutant proteins often retain some of their capabilities but are no longer sensitive to the controls that regulate the normal form of the protein. (cancerquest.org)

In a complementary technique, peptide mass fingerprinting involves digestion of the native and modified protein with a protease such as trypsin. (chksignal.com)
Some new promising strategies for biomarker discovery include microarray-based profiling at the DNA and mRNA levels, and mass-spectrometry-based profiling at the protein and peptide levels [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

All members contain the sequence motifs characteristic of all GTP-binding proteins, bind to GDP and GTP with high affinity. (biomedcentral.com)

A 48-Kd protein of the outer segment of the retinal rods and a component of the phototransduction cascade. (lookformedical.com)

MRI of a papillary craniopharyngioma characteristically depicts an enhancing, predominantly solid, circumscribed mass without the calcification or complex cystic architecture of the adamantinomatous variant. (medscape.com)

While cells with a similar phenotype to the moDCs described here have been found after immunization with alum-precipitated proteins 39, 40, these cells were found to be located in the medulla of the lymph node and not in the T zone 40. (chksignal.com)
The CD44+NK1 Remarkably.1+ terminally matured iNKT cells which take into account paederosidic acid about 80% to 90% of total iNKT cells predominantly produce IFN-γ (known as iNKT-1) however not IL-17. (bioskinrevive.com)
Targeting hsp90B sensitized cancer cells to cisplatin predominantly through MAST1 destabilization. (uthscsa.edu)
Pralatrexate (PDX, 10-propargyl 10-deazaaminopterin) is a folate analogue that was rationally designed to have high affinity for Reduced Folate Carrier (RFC)-1, an oncofetal protein expressed in many cancers that actively transports folates into cells. (skincaremanual.org)
WNT, fibroblast growth factor (FGF), Notch, Hedgehog, and transforming growth factor β/bone morphogenetic protein signaling network are implicated in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis by regulating self-renewal of normal stem cells as well as proliferation or differentiation of progenitor (transit-amplifying) cells. (aacrjournals.org)
Very little E1 protein is produced during the course of an infection or in BPV transformed cells. (biomedcentral.com)

The regulation of these proteins were also examined in parallel during the meiotic maturation of bovine, frog, and sea star oocytes with the Kinex antibody microarray. (appliedbioinfo.com)
Resistant HMCL also exhibited a dose-dependent up-regulation of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) protein, a primary molecular target for anti-folates, in response to PDX exposure, whereas sensitive HMCL did not. (skincaremanual.org)

The N-terminal portion is transported to the nucleus where it homodimerizes to form the active kinase which promotes the condensation of chromatin during apoptosis. (appliedbioinfo.com)

A number of kinases were identified by sequence analysis that could potentially phosphorylate E1 at the identified positions. (biomedcentral.com)

Mass spectrometry and in silico sequence analysis were used to identify phosphate sites on the BPV E1 protein and kinases that may recognize these sites. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy20

Organisms8

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs151

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment18

Phenomena and Processes53

Information Science3

Phosphorylation13

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kina2

Isoforms3

Receptor12

Signal Transduction1

Phosphatases7

Cellular7

Encodes1

Intracellular3

Found predominantly2

PI3K2

Gene7

Superfamily1

Catalytic domains1

Residues4

MTOR2

Genes7

Molecules3

CDK53

Progression2

Cytoplasmic1

Phosphatase2

Family5

Tumor1

Putative1

Pathway2

MRNAs2

Membrane4

Abstract1

GTPase1

Hypertrophy1

Mutations1

Capsid protein2

Transcription factors1

Cytoskeletal1

Regulate1

Peptide2

Characteristic1

Cascade1

Complex1

Cells6

Regulation2

APOPTOSIS1

Phosphorylate1

Phosphate1