• Nutrient-deprived conditions in the tumor microenvironment (TME) restrain cancer cell viability due to increased free radicals and reduced energy production. (nature.com)
  • CAT-179 was resistant to TGFβ-mediated immunosuppression in vitro , indicating that the cells will be protected from TGFβ-mediated immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment. (pipelinereview.com)
  • The central hypothesis of this proposal is that radiation damage in the tissue microenvironment promotes a pre-metastatic niche through immunosuppressive cell infiltration. (hhs.gov)
  • Multicellular tumor spheroid models give deeper insights into the tumor microenvironment, allowing researchers to visualize cell-to-cell interactions, how tumor cells absorb nutrients, and how they proliferate. (moleculardevices.com)
  • In addition, ovarian cancer PDOs mimic the variable tumor microenvironment and genetic background typically observed in ovarian cancer. (bvsalud.org)
  • Past research has mainly used 2D-cultured cell line models to investigate the role of EVs in tumors, which poorly simulate the tumor microenvironment. (bvsalud.org)
  • While GB tumors are frequently infiltrated by natural killer (NK) cells, these are actively suppressed by the GB cells and the GB tumor microenvironment. (frontiersin.org)
  • Here, we discuss effects of the GB tumor microenvironment on NK-cell functionality, summarize early treatment attempts with ex vivo activated NK cells, and describe relevant CAR target antigens validated with CAR-T cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Nevertheless, the composition of the immunologic tumor microenvironment undergoes changes upon radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or even after anti-angiogenic therapy ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) play an important role in maintaining the immunosuppressive state of the tumor microenvironment (TME). (figshare.com)
  • Nevertheless, targeting solid tumors is more challenging than targeting hematological malignancies because of tumor histopathological characteristics, shortage of specific antigens and local strong immunosuppressive microenvironment [ 4 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • This complex milieu constitutes the tumor microenvironment (TME) and can modulate response to therapy in vivo or drug response ex vivo. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The tumor microenvironment of malignant gliomas is usually immunosuppressive,22 and this has been shown after CAR T?cell infusion.10 Immune checkpoint receptors (e.g. (campaignfornonviolentschools.org)
  • An immune cell in the tumor microenvironment that may be important for inhibiting the immune response against bladder cancer is the myeloid derived suppressor cell (MDSC). (iospress.com)
  • Furthermore, the Food & Drug Administration (FDA)-approved mIDH1 inhibitor ivosidenib (AG-120) dramatically inhibited tumor growth in preclinical models of pancreatic cancer, highlighting this approach as a potential therapeutic strategy against wild-type IDH1 cancers. (nature.com)
  • In a preclinical study, the combination of AZD5991 and Capivasertib (AZD5363) synergistically inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in a triple-negative breast cancer cell line and hormone-receptor positive breast cancer cell line each harboring a PTEN inactivating mutation in culture and inhibited tumor growth in cell line xenograft models ( PMID: 36241868 ). (jax.org)
  • Preclinical assessment of molecules that may cause antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) involves co-culturing cancer cells, NK cells and antibody in vitro for several hours and measuring subsequent levels of tumour cell lysis. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • Here we develop a mathematical model of such an in vitro ADCC assay, formulated as a system of time-dependent ordinary differential equations and in which NK cells kill cancer cells at a rate which depends on the amount of antibody bound to each cancer cell. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • CAT-179 demonstrated HER2-CAR-driven interferon gamma (IFNγ) production and tumor cell killing in vitro when co-cultured with HER2 + tumor cells. (pipelinereview.com)
  • Engineering of IL15 in CAT-179 significantly enhanced NK cell persistence and in vitro and in vivo and eliminated the need for exogenous cytokine support. (pipelinereview.com)
  • In recent years, there has been significant progress in development of in vitro aggregates of tumor cells for use as models for in vivo tissue environments. (moleculardevices.com)
  • ICT01-mediated killing activity of g9d2 T-cells was assessed using in vitro co-cultures with tumor and non-tumor cells. (bmj.com)
  • When assayed in human and cynomolgus PBMCs in vitro, ICT01 promoted a robust and specific activation of g9d2 T-cells as shown by concentration dependent increase in cell surface CD69 and CD25 and cytokines secretion (IFNγ, TNFα). (bmj.com)
  • Conclusions The combined in vitro and in vivo pharmacology data provide evidence that ICT01 is an attractive and novel therapeutic approach for enhancing the innate anti-tumor potential of g9d2 T-cells by activating BTN3A. (bmj.com)
  • CRCs have marked benefits over traditional immortalized cell lines as they are generated using special in vitro conditions that permit cells to pharmacologically bypass replicative senescence without any detectable cell crisis. (sbir.gov)
  • As linear correlations exist between expression levels of angiogenic factors under normoxic and hypoxic conditions in vitro , we propose that explanted primary cells may be used to probe the in vivo hypoxic environment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In vitro studies have shown that stromal cells cultured in hypoxic growth conditions secrete higher levels of critical angiogenesis-inducing factors than cells cultured in normoxic conditions [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We have stated the complex heterogeneity of ovarian cancer models, resembling primary tumors, agreeing with the argument that the cell line model for in vitro experiments must be carefully chosen. (oncotarget.com)
  • Culture media containing human serum enhanced osteogenesis and osteoclasts differentiation, and provided a more realistic in vitro mimic of human cancer cell proliferation. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • In vitro, JTX-8064 drives the polarization of human macrophages and dendritic cells toward an immunostimulatory phenotype. (figshare.com)
  • We are developing scalable 3-dimensional (3D) culture models of tumor spheroid and lung organoid as an alternative and better approach to model KRAS mutant cancer in vitro . (cancer.gov)
  • As a consequence, preclinical evaluation of Interferon alfa-2a, recombinant has involved in vitro experiments with human cells and some in vivo experiments. (drugs.com)
  • For example, technicians that work with animal cells should be able to maintain mammalian and/or primary cell lines to be used in preclinical (In Vivo and In Vitro) experiments. (biotech-careers.org)
  • OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of a novel synthetic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) agonist, CLX-090717, in several in vitro cell culture systems and murine CIA, an experimental model of RA. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Reporter cells were serially interrogated in vitro before and after irradiation as monolayer and multicellular spheroid cultures and as subcutaneous xenografts in nu/nu mice. (lincoln.ac.uk)
  • Results:In vitro, single-dose irradiation of C6 and HN5 reporter cells modestly impacted HIF-1 signaling in normoxic monolayers and inhibited HIF-1 signaling in maturing spheroids. (lincoln.ac.uk)
  • Here we review recent developments in patient-derived neuroblastoma xenograft models and in vitro cultures. (lu.se)
  • It was found that rapamycin inhibited cellular proliferation and cell cycle progression. (wikipedia.org)
  • Macrophages with a wound healing phenotype (M2) are known to promote tumor growth and progression, but whether M2 macrophages influence tumor cell recruitment and proliferation in irradiated tissues is unknown. (hhs.gov)
  • In a preclinical study, LY3023414 inhibited proliferation of renal cancer cells harboring PTEN inactivating mutation in culture, resulted in tumor growth inhibition in cell line xenograft models ( PMID: 27439478 ). (jax.org)
  • In a preclinical study, a glioblastoma cell line harboring a PTEN inactivating mutation was sensitive to XL765 (SAR245409), demonstrating inhibition of cell proliferation in culture, and inhibition of tumor growth in cell line xenograft models ( PMID: 24634413 ). (jax.org)
  • Previous studies have demonstrated that glycolysis inhibitors reduce the proliferation of non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells by interfering with the aerobic glycolytic pathway. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In a preclinical study, obatoclax decreased proliferation in human tumor cell lines with BRAF mutation in culture ( PMID: 22460902 ). (jax.org)
  • In a preclinical study, Tubastatin A inhibited proliferation of BRAF mutant melanoma cell lines in culture ( PMID: 25957812 ). (jax.org)
  • In a preclinical study, E6201 inhibited proliferation of several melanoma cell lines in culture and hypersensitivity was associated with BRAF mutations ( PMID: 23039341 ). (jax.org)
  • In a preclinical study, E6201 and LY294002 synergistically inhibited proliferation of melanoma cell lines harboring BRAF mutations in culture, regardless of PTEN mutation status ( PMID: 23039341 ). (jax.org)
  • These results suggest that regular exercise could help suppress tumor cell proliferation in patients with advanced prostate cancer, and each additional bout of exercise could potentially further enhance this tumor-suppressive effect. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Consistent with this, studies have shown that serum collected immediately after a bout of exercise from patients with breast or colon cancer can inhibit the proliferation of cultured cancer cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Knockdown of KDM1B inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells. (cancerindex.org)
  • G-MDSC are also referred to as polymorphonuclear (PMN)-MDSC, which differ from conventional neutrophils via expression of lectin-type oxidized LDL receptor 1 (LOX-1), which inhibits T cell proliferation [ 7, 8 ]. (iospress.com)
  • In a preclinical study, AZD5363 inhibited growth of various solid tumor cell culture models with inactivating Pten mutations ( PMID: 22294718 ). (jax.org)
  • High levels of CD163+ TAMs specifically are associated with poor prognosis in many solid tumor types. (figshare.com)
  • These results demonstrate that NK cells engineered via the TAILWIND™ platform have a favorable pharmacologic profile and the potential for treatment of solid tumors. (pipelinereview.com)
  • In this review, we discuss the current status and major obstacles for the treatment of solid tumors with CAR-T cells, thus provide some potential measures to refine this novel therapeutic modality. (ijbs.com)
  • Immunotherapies exploit the immune system to target and kill cancer cells, while sparing healthy tissue. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • Pre-clinical studies have shown that tumor cells migrate into irradiated mammary tissue and that macrophages play a critical role in the tumor cell recruitment process. (hhs.gov)
  • In Aim 1, I will rigorously examine the immune cell infiltrate into irradiated mammary tissue using flow cytometry. (hhs.gov)
  • We are able to see cells in the center of the spheroid at this depth due to our specialized deep-tissue penetrating, confocal disk module. (moleculardevices.com)
  • Solicited models include patient-derived cell lines, patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models, and 3D human tissue model culture systems established from racially/ethnically diverse patient populations. (sbir.gov)
  • 3D human tissue model culture systems: While immortalized cell lines have been standard practice in cancer research for decades, adequate modeling of the heterogeneity of human cancer is an unmet need. (sbir.gov)
  • Organoids are similar in composition and behavior to physiological cells and have the potential to recapitulate the architecture and function of the original tissue. (bvsalud.org)
  • In this case, the slices are made from appendiceal cancer tissue removed from patients at surgery, then cultured ex vivo, or outside, of the patient. (ucsd.edu)
  • The authors said the organotypic model accurately recapitulates appendiceal tumors in terms of cell mix and behavior, which makes it a promising new research tool in addition to other approaches, such as organoids and patient-derived xenografts (transplanted tissue grown in another species, such as a mouse or rat). (ucsd.edu)
  • We've learned that utilizing tissue slices made from patient tumor resections is great way to study the pathobiology of this disease, and we are hopeful they will help predict therapy responses in patients," said Lowy. (ucsd.edu)
  • Gastric organoids are 3D cell cultures derived from normal stomach tissue or stomach tumors and better recapitulate in vivo conditions than standard lab models (cell lines). (nostomachforcancer.org)
  • As a tumor grows, the existing blood supply becomes inefficient at supporting the tissue, and areas of the tumor become hypoxic. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To validate the flexibility of this platform for complex tissue modeling, the bioengineered muscle is treated with tumor necrosis factor α to mimic the conditions of aging, which is supported by morphological and functional changes. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • For monitoring tumor growth within tissue-engineered bone in a non-destructive fashion, we generated cancer cell lines expressing and secreting luciferase. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Given the vast differences in metabolism between healthy and tumor cells, there is hope that selective targeting of tumor metabolism may be achieved while limiting toxicity to healthy tissue. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • P53 immunomarker was applied on tumor containing tissue blocks. (cancerindex.org)
  • Here, we introduce ex vivo tumor tissue slice culture as a platform for medium-high-throughput drug screening. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Organotypic tissue slice culture constitutes precisely-cut, thin tumor sections that are maintained with the support of a porous membrane in a liquid-air interface. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In this protocol, we describe the preparation and maintenance of tissue slices prepared from mouse tumors and tumors from patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. (elsevierpure.com)
  • To assess changes in tissue viability in response to drug treatment, we leveraged a biocompatible luminescence-based viability assay that enables real-time, rapid, and sensitive measurement of viable cells in the tissue. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Further, we demonstrate the application of tissue slices for ex vivo pharmacology by screening 17 clinical and preclinical drugs on tissue slices prepared from a single PDX tumor. (elsevierpure.com)
  • METHODS: Peripheral blood monocytes purified by elutriation, and rheumatoid synovial cells isolated from clinical tissue were cultured with CLX-090717 and TNF-alpha release was measured. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Use of human fetal tissue raises several ethical issues, but are there alternative cell sources that can substitute effectively? (lu.se)
  • Through understanding functional recovery in terms of neuronal subtype and connectivity, the work presented in this thesis aims to bring the prospect of CRT closer to the clinic, I also describe the generation of a very promising alternative cell source that could rival fetal tissue. (lu.se)
  • However, the progenitor cells consist of T cells isolated from resected tumor tissue. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Transplantations of fetal tissue in the 1980s and 1990s provided proof-of-concept for the potential of cell replacement therapy for PD and some patients benefitted greatly from their transplants. (lu.se)
  • However, post-mortem analysis of transplanted tissue revealed accumulation of pathological Lewy bodies in a small subset of transplanted cells over time, revealing a host-to-graft disease propagation. (lu.se)
  • These same adaptive survival pathways protect pancreatic cancer cells against chemotherapy 7 . (nature.com)
  • Herein, we also demonstrate that compounds developed to target mutant IDH1 can be repurposed as wild-type IDH1 inhibitors, because these drugs surprisingly become potent inhibitors of wtIDH1 in cancer cells under conditions present in tumors: specifically, we found that wtIDH1 is critical for PDAC cell survival under low-glucose conditions, and allosteric IDH inhibitors effectively block wtIDH1 activity under low magnesium. (nature.com)
  • Several downstream pathways that regulate cell-cycle progression, translation, initiation, transcriptional stress responses, protein stability, and survival of cells are signaling through mTOR. (wikipedia.org)
  • mTORC2 is activated by growth factors, phosphorylates PKCα, AKT and paxillin, and regulates the activity of the small GTPase, Rac, and Rho related to cell survival, migration and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. (wikipedia.org)
  • A single dose of engineered NK cells expressing CD70 CAR and secreted IL15 reduced tumor burden and increased survival in an RCC xenograft model, without the need for exogenous IL15. (pipelinereview.com)
  • CAT-179 showed potent anti-tumor activity in vivo against a xenografted HER2+ N87 gastric cancer cell line and led to a significant survival benefit in tumor-bearing mice. (pipelinereview.com)
  • In mouse AML and ovarian cancer models, repeated injections of ICT01 delayed tumor growth and significantly prolonged animal survival. (bmj.com)
  • Prognoses is mixed, with a 5-year survival rate of 67 to 97 percent for low-grade tumors detected early, but much lower for advanced cases that may have spread to other parts of the body. (ucsd.edu)
  • High tumor mutational burden (TMB) identifies a microsatellite stable pancreatic cancer subset with prolonged survival and strong anti-tumor immunity. (unibe.ch)
  • In contrast to other cancers such as adenocarcinomas of the lung or melanoma, primary brain tumors like GB and low grade gliomas (LGG) are known as rather immunologically "cold" tumors, typically with low numbers of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) ( 4 ), and the mere amount of TILs is not associated with patient survival ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • In a preclinical study, PLX8394 blocked survival and growth of vemurafenib/PLX4720-resistant melanoma cells harboring BRAF V600E splice variants in culture ( PMID: 24422853 ). (jax.org)
  • Research from his laboratory has identified multiple stress-response pathways that are critical for the survival of cancer cells. (cancer.gov)
  • Our work has demonstrated that KRAS mutant cells exhibit non-oncogene addiction to multiple stress-response pathways that maintain chromosome stability, mRNA splicing, protein SUMOylation and autophagy for survival. (cancer.gov)
  • Purpose: Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) promotes cancer cell survival and tumor progression. (lincoln.ac.uk)
  • Specifically, they can reveal the tumor infiltration capacity (or incapacity) of drugs, as well as their inhibitory effects on metastasis. (moleculardevices.com)
  • The role of EVs in tumors has been extensively studied, and they have been shown to play a crucial role in tumor growth, progression, and metastasis. (bvsalud.org)
  • In particular, he aims to understand non-oncogene addiction mechanism that cooperates with the Ras oncogene to support tumor initiation, progression and metastasis. (cancer.gov)
  • These models can be used to decipher mechanisms of metastasis and treatment resistance, for drug screening, and preclinical drug testing. (lu.se)
  • Noninvasive prediction of axillary lymph node breast cancer metastasis using morphometric analysis of nodal tumor microvessels in a contrast-free ultrasound approach. (medscape.com)
  • In the PDOX model, fisetin significantly delayed tumor growth, showing a decrease in Ki-67 expression and the induction of apoptosis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Western blot analysis was performed to study Boswellia sacra essential oil-regulated proteins involved in apoptosis, signaling pathways, and cell cycle regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Boswellia sacra essential oil hydrodistilled at 100 o C was more potent than the essential oil prepared at 78 o C in inducing cancer cell death, preventing the cellular network formation (MDA-MB-231) cells on Matrigel, causing the breakdown of multicellular tumor spheroids (T47D cells), and regulating molecules involved in apoptosis, signal transduction, and cell cycle progression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Last year, Dr. Becker's laboratory demonstrated that aspirin inhibits the growth of endometrial cancer by promoting programmed cell death, or apoptosis. (scienceblog.com)
  • Antibody therapies, an important class of immunotherapies, involve the binding to specific antigens on the surface of the tumour cells of antibodies that activate natural killer (NK) cells to kill the tu- mour cells. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • NK cells contribute to cancer immune surveillance not only by their direct natural cytotoxicity which is triggered rapidly upon stimulation through germline-encoded cell surface receptors, but also by modulating T-cell mediated antitumor immune responses through maintaining the quality of dendritic cells and enhancing the presentation of tumor antigens. (frontiersin.org)
  • However, targeting solid tumors is more challenging than targeting B-cell malignancies with CAR-T cells because of the histopathological structure features, specific antigens shortage and strong immunosuppressive environment of solid tumors. (ijbs.com)
  • Tumor Antigens Many tumor cells produce antigens, which may be released in the bloodstream or remain on the cell surface. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Concomitant use of interferon enhances the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens and TAAs on tumor cells, thereby augmenting the killing of tumor cells by the infused effector cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Antibodies targeting two tumor antigens and CD3 are being tested. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Evidence from one cell culture study suggests purified extracts from whole-plant marijuana may slow growth of cancer cells from serious brain tumors. (hiredpower.com)
  • Background gdT-cells are innate-like lymphocytes described as potent killer of cancer cells whose infiltration into tumors is associated with a positive prognosis. (bmj.com)
  • Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) may have greater tumoricidal activity than LAK cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • BTN3A, which belongs to the B7-subfamily of Ig proteins, is required for the recognition of malignant or infected cells by human g9d2 T-cells by sensing intracellular accumulation of phosphoantigens. (bmj.com)
  • Glioblastoma (GB) is the most frequent malignant primary brain tumor in adults, without any curative treatment options available at present. (frontiersin.org)
  • Checkpoint inhibitors also can be directly delivered by the adoptively transferred CAR T?cells via gene modification, which aims to reduce the adverse effects that can be caused by systemic delivery of checkpoint inhibitors.32, 34 Chitinase-IN-1 This is an additional strategy we will utilize to further liberate the function of IL-13R2 CAR T?cells in immunotherapy of malignant gliomas. (campaignfornonviolentschools.org)
  • Death usually occurs when patients are aged 30-50 years because of atherosclerosis or malignant tumors. (medscape.com)
  • Breast metastatic tumors in lung can be substituted by lung-derived malignant cells transformed by alternative splicing H19 lncRNA. (medscape.com)
  • Tagrisso (osimertinib) is a kinase inhibitor indicated for the treatment of patients with metastatic epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) T790M mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as detected by an FDA-approved test, who have progressed on or after EGFR TKI therapy. (rxlist.com)
  • TAGRISSO is indicated for the first-line treatment of adult patients with metastatic NSCLC whose tumors have EGFR exon 19 deletions or exon 21 L858R mutations, as detected by an FDA-approved test [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION ]. (rxlist.com)
  • We found disparities in cell behavior and drug responses between the metastatic and primary cancer cells cultured in the bone niche, with the effectiveness of bisphosphonates observed only in metastatic models. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Meriolins display better antiproliferative and proapoptotic properties in human tumor cell cultures than their parent molecules, meridianins and variolins. (rcsb.org)
  • As such, CEACAM5 is an attractive target for antibody-based therapies designed to selectively deliver cytotoxic drugs to certain epithelial tumors. (nih.gov)
  • Notably, fisetin significantly inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) via upregulation of AKAP12. (bvsalud.org)
  • Identification of biomarkers to stratify cell lines, characterization of important processes as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the use of three-dimensional (3D) cultures as alternative models could be useful for cell line classification. (oncotarget.com)
  • Epithelial cells tend to show higher proliferative rates, and mesenchymal cells show an increase in EMT related markers, especially when cultured in 3D conditions. (oncotarget.com)
  • The nanotube bundles are similar to the potential of nanotubes to induce genetic damage size of microtubules that form the mitotic spindle in normal lung cells, cultured primary and immor- and may be incorporated into the mitotic spindle talized human airway epithelial cells were apparatus. (cdc.gov)
  • Numerical simulations generated using experimentally-based parameter estimates reveal that the system evolves on two timescales: a fast timescale on which antibodies bind to receptors on the surface of the tumour cells, and NK cells form complexes with the cancer cells, and a longer time-scale on which the NK cells kill the cancer cells. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • 23 PPARs are intracellular receptors that modulate cell metabolism and responses to inflammation. (lifeextension.com)
  • Furthermore, similar to T cells, specific recognition and elimination of cancer cells by NK cells can be markedly enhanced through expression of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), which provides an opportunity to generate NK-cell therapeutics of defined specificity for cancer immunotherapy. (frontiersin.org)
  • Modification with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) endows T cells with tumor specific cytotoxicity and thus induce anti-tumor immunity against malignancies. (ijbs.com)
  • Chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) recognize specific proteins on the surface of tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • I will analyze secreted pro-tumor factors by co-culturing organoids with macrophages, tumor cells, and CD8+ T cells and characterizing secreted cytokines in conditioned media. (hhs.gov)
  • Here, we aimed to present a comprehensive overview of studies using organoids to study EVs in tumors. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cytotoxicity was performed in CRC patient-derived organoids (30 T and 33 T). Fisetin-induced tumor growth was evaluated in a CRC patient-derived organoid xenograft (PDOX) model. (bvsalud.org)
  • This study will establish the conditions that lead to recurrence following radiotherapy, including composition of macrophage infiltrate and mechanisms of tumor regrowth, which will have significant implications for TNBC patients vulnerable to recurrence. (hhs.gov)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • These molecules that can suppress cancer cell growth include myokines, which are cytokines and other proteins secreted by the skeletal muscle fibers during physical activity. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • By using skin cells as the starting cell-type, he managed to identify the three molecules needed to "program" dendritic cells in just nine days. (lu.se)
  • In the next step, he used the same molecules to reprogram cancer cells into dendritic cells. (lu.se)
  • In other words, using the molecules as a trojan horse to "force" cancer cells to develop into immune cells. (lu.se)
  • Our findings are paving the way for the development of a gene therapy for cancer where the three molecules are delivered directly into tumors in patients eliciting a response independently of the tumor type. (lu.se)
  • Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) is a glycoprotein that has limited expression in normal adult tissues, but is overexpressed in carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract, the genitourinary and respiratory systems, and breast cancer. (nih.gov)
  • This project is guided by two specific aims: 1) To characterize macrophage phenotypes associated with RT- induced recurrence and 2) to identify targetable secreted factors that contribute to tumor cell recruitment in irradiated tissues. (hhs.gov)
  • Finally, I will determine the impact of M2 macrophage depletion on tumor cell recruitment to irradiated tissues. (hhs.gov)
  • Spheroids are three-dimensional (3D) cell aggregates that can mimic tissues and microtumors. (moleculardevices.com)
  • Patient-derived organoid (PDO) models of ovarian cancer may be optimal for drug screening because they more accurately recapitulate tissues of interest than two-dimensional cell culture models and are inexpensive compared to patient-derived xenografts. (bvsalud.org)
  • In tumor tissues, four genes were identified as differentially expressed between the control and fisetin-treated groups. (bvsalud.org)
  • Meanwhile, the on-target/off-tumor toxicity caused by relative expression of target on normal tissues is another issue that should be reckoned. (ijbs.com)
  • Sometimes cell culture technicians start cultures directly from tissues such as umbilical cords or tumor biopsies. (biotech-careers.org)
  • We demonstrate that low magnesium levels facilitate allosteric inhibition of wtIDH1, which is lethal to cancer cells when nutrients are limited. (nature.com)
  • However, in recent years, there has been increasing evidence that metformin exerts its anticancer effects through the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) of tumor cell mitochondria, and metabolic pathways based on metformin targeting have only recently become the focus of intensive research. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • However, it is believed that direct antiproliferative action against tumor cells, inhibition of virus replication and modulation of the host immune response play important roles in antitumor and antiviral activity. (drugs.com)
  • The higher the dosage of aspirin added to the culture of ovarian cancer cells, the more growth inhibition was observed. (scienceblog.com)
  • The most established mTOR inhibitors are so-called rapalogs (rapamycin and its analogs), which have shown tumor responses in clinical trials against various tumor types. (wikipedia.org)
  • The emerging therapeutic approach of CAR-T cell therapy has sparked great interests, extensive studies in preclinical and clinical trials have revealed encouraging therapeutic efficacy in treating a variety of cancers, particularly in treating B-cell hematologic malignancies with CD19 CAR-T cells [ 3 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • Our researchers are characterizing the molecular features of cultured tumor cells exposed to different conditions, in order to improve the validity of preclinical studies that are critical for clinical trials to move forward. (ejhraceforhope.com)
  • Clinical trials of LAK cells in humans are ongoing but this approach has not gained widespread use and is generally considered less effective than other cell therapies. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Today, clinical trials using stem cell-derived dopaminergic progenitors have commenced. (lu.se)
  • The cytotoxic activity of SAR408701 was assessed in CEACAM5-expressing tumor cell lines and using patient-derived xenograft mouse models of CEACAM5-positive tumors. (nih.gov)
  • Patient-derived neuroblastoma models may also provide useful information about clonal evolution, phenotypic plasticity, and cell states in relation to neuroblastoma progression. (lu.se)
  • However, patient-derived cells may be more prone to develop disease-associated pathology after grafting. (lu.se)
  • Sporadic nonfunctional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: Risk of lymph node metastases and aggressiveness according to tumor size: A multicenter international study. (unibe.ch)
  • It may be achieved, at least partially, by more extensive basic studies investigating the spatiotemporal dynamics of T cell activation by CARs and unraveling the connection between T cell migration in solid tumors and the effectiveness in eradication of solid tumors and metastases [ 5 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • Suppression of tumour necrosis factor production from mononuclear cells by a novel synthetic compound, CLX-090717. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We will develop three chemical classes of prodrugs using preclinical models of HNSCC, including 3D cell cultures and tumour xenografts derived from individual cancer patients. (hrc.govt.nz)
  • We have now shown preclinical efficacy in multiple xenograft models with two differentiated CAR-NK cell therapies engineered with the functional attributes necessary for durable efficacy in solid tumors and manufactured using an efficient non-viral cell engineering system. (pipelinereview.com)
  • Meriolin 3 potently inhibits tumor growth in two mouse xenograft cancer models, namely, Ewing's sarcoma and LS174T colorectal carcinoma. (rcsb.org)
  • Compared to other 3D cell culture methods, spheroids offer several advantages, including relevance to tumor biology, lower cost, less labor than animal models, reproducibility, ease of integration into high-throughput screening, and advanced imaging techniques. (moleculardevices.com)
  • The development and validation of appropriate cell and animal-based models to study underrepresented population groups would greatly advance this field of research. (sbir.gov)
  • These models may be used to enhance research capabilities of basic scientists and/or provide novel tools to pharmaceutical companies for preclinical oncology studies. (sbir.gov)
  • Notably, offerors proposing to generate conditionally reprogrammed cells (CRCs) or cell lines matched to PDX animal models will be preferred. (sbir.gov)
  • PDX Mouse Models: PDX models are commonly used in many clinically relevant research applications including characterization of tumor heterogeneity, in vivo therapeutic target validation studies, therapeutic mechanism of action studies, and therapeutic sensitivity and resistance studies. (sbir.gov)
  • A new database of preclinical models - Participate and benefit from sharing information and resources, support the 3R principle. (dkfz.de)
  • To faithfully recapitulate extremely heterogeneous cancer diseases, researchers use preclinical models ranging from tumor cells in culture over in vivo equivalents to various model organisms. (dkfz.de)
  • Anti-invasive and anti-multicellular tumor properties were evaluated by cellular network and spheroid formation models, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Additionally, researchers are concerned about the correct subtype stratification of the available cell line models, and the exploration of alternatives to monolayer culture. (oncotarget.com)
  • The FBS-based culture media do not represent the human physiological conditions, and can compromise biomimicry of preclinical models. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Co-culture of tumor cells with fibroblasts in these 3D models enable the characterization of tumor-stroma interaction. (cancer.gov)
  • We are using CRISPR gene editing and chemical biology approaches in these 3D models to discover non-oncogene addiction mechanism that are critically required for the anchorage-independent growth of cancer cells. (cancer.gov)
  • We are exploring therapeutic potential of inhibitors targeting non-oncogene addiction pathways, oncogenic KRAS signaling in preclinical models to identify better therapeutic strategies for KRAS mutant cancer. (cancer.gov)
  • Therefore, to improve the performance of this promising strategy in the clinical treatment of GBMs, it is necessary to generate a fully humanized, highly specific, scFv-based IL-13R2 CAR T?cell and demonstrate its function both and in clinically relevant pre-clinical models of GBM. (campaignfornonviolentschools.org)
  • The contribution of naturally occurring diseases in larger animals to tumor models has. (campaignfornonviolentschools.org)
  • SCR-6852, an oral and highly brain-penetrating estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), effectively shrinks tumors both in intracranial and subcutaneous ER + breast cancer models. (medscape.com)
  • Immunocompromised mice bearing human tumors and adoptively transferred with human g9d2 T cells were used to assess ICT01 anti-tumor activity in vivo. (bmj.com)
  • Many also use fluorescence microscopy and stain cells with antibodies that bind to specific structures or substances that bind to DNA. (biotech-careers.org)
  • For those who are ineligible for cisplatin-based regimens or experience progression of disease, in 2016-2017 the United States Food and Drug Administration approved five monoclonal antibodies that achieve immune checkpoint blockade by targeting the programmed cell death protein-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) pathway. (iospress.com)
  • T-cell engagers are bispecific antibodies that recruit cytotoxic T cells to kill tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The most frequently used engagers are antibodies targeting one tumor antigen and one molecule on T cells (mostly CD3). (msdmanuals.com)
  • In a preclinical study, Mekinist (trametinib) inhibited growth of human multiple myeloma cells harboring mutant BRAF in culture ( PMID: 26343583 ). (jax.org)
  • Amgen (Nasdaq: AMGN) today announced the publication of results from a pivotal Phase 3 study of 1,776 advanced cancer patients with different types of solid tumors (not including breast and prostate cancer) or multiple myeloma, which compared XGEVA (TM) (denosumab) to Zometa(R) (zoledronic acid) in preventing skeletal-related events (SREs). (amgen.com)
  • CAMBRIDGE, MA, USA I November 10, 2022 I Catamaran Bio , Inc., a biotechnology company developing off-the-shelf NK cell therapies to treat cancer, today announced new data demonstrating preclinical efficacy of two CAR-NK cell therapies in solid and hematological cancers. (pipelinereview.com)
  • In a Phase I clinical trial, Tafinlar (dabrafenib) demonstrated safety and efficacy in patients with BRAF V600E positive solid tumors ( PMID: 22608338 ). (jax.org)
  • And much work remains to be done to improve the efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy for solid tumors. (ijbs.com)
  • Collectively, these preclinical data sets demonstrate the power of Catamaran's fully-integrated TAILWIND™ platform to deliver allogeneic NK cell therapies for solid tumors," said Vipin Suri, PhD, MBA, Chief Scientific Officer of Catamaran Bio. (pipelinereview.com)
  • Catamaran Bio is developing novel, off-the-shelf chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-NK cell therapies designed to treat a broad range of cancers, including solid tumors. (pipelinereview.com)
  • Recently, researchers cultured mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in spheroids and proved their regenerative and anti-inflammatory effects, which depicts potential for regenerative medicine and cell-based therapies. (moleculardevices.com)
  • For VEGF, the target of current therapies, this correlation between hypoxia and higher cytokine levels was greater in primary breast and lung carcinoma cells than in ovarian carcinoma cells or tumor cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These preliminary results have formed the foundation for a much larger project with the goal of targeting specific cell types within a brain tumor to increase the success of therapies. (ejhraceforhope.com)
  • CAR T-cell therapies combine cellular therapy, gene therapy and immune therapy to use a patient's own T-cells to fight cancers. (syngeneintl.com)
  • The data presented in this thesis may serve as valuable resources to help optimize future cell replacement therapies for patients suffering from PD. (lu.se)
  • Spheroids are also ideal for preclinical drug screening and validation when monitoring cellular responses to therapeutic interventions. (moleculardevices.com)
  • Importantly, ICT01 did not affect healthy BTN3A-expressing cells, and NHP studies confirmed ICT01 safety with a wide therapeutic index. (bmj.com)
  • For cancer researchers attempting to study appendiceal cancer and find remedies, a primary challenge has been the lack of an effective preclinical model to probe its pathology and test new drugs or therapeutic approaches. (ucsd.edu)
  • Consistently, the essential oil represses signaling pathways and cell cycle regulators that have been proposed as therapeutic targets for breast cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therapeutic approaches that target the metabolism of tumor cells have been a popular research topic in recent years. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • These discoveries could help the development of new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of Ras mutant tumors. (cancer.gov)
  • Recent years, we have witnessed significant progresses in both basic and clinical studies regarding novel therapeutic strategies with genetically engineered T cells. (ijbs.com)
  • In this review, we focus on the major obstacles limiting the application of CAR-T cell therapy toward solid tumors and summarize the measures to refine this new cancer therapeutic modality. (ijbs.com)
  • Advances in our understanding on the interaction between the immune system and tumor cells have contributed to the rapid development of novel therapeutic strategies based on chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) or T cell receptor (TCR) modified T cells. (ijbs.com)
  • The goal of brain tumor research at Dayton Children's is to better understand how tumor cells evade the effects of various treatments, so we can devise more effective therapeutic strategies. (ejhraceforhope.com)
  • Direct neuronal reprogramming of a somatic cell into therapeutic neurons, without a transient pluripotent state, provides new promise for the large number of individuals afflicted by neurodegenerative diseases or brain injury. (lu.se)
  • These results demonstrate the potential for targeting CD70 with CAR-NK cell therapy for the treatment of AML, RCC, and other CD70-positive malignancies while overcoming fratricide issues by engineering with a non-viral transposon delivery system in combination with CRISPR/Cas9 editing. (pipelinereview.com)
  • Data from a second CAR-NK cell therapy construct engineered using the TAILWIND™ platform are presented in a poster titled "Allogeneic Natural Killer Cells Engineered to Express HER2-directed CAR, Interleukin-15 and TGFβ Dominant Negative Receptor Effectively Control HER2+ Tumors. (pipelinereview.com)
  • We are using our TAILWIND™ platform , an integrated suite of technologies, to specifically address the end-to-end methods of engineering, processing and manufacturing NK cells and rapidly advance our pipeline of CAR-NK cell therapy programs. (pipelinereview.com)
  • PROJECT SUMMARY Approximately half of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients receive breast conserving therapy, which includes irradiating the primary tumor site. (hhs.gov)
  • TAGRISSO is indicated as adjuvant therapy after tumor resection in adult patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors have epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 19 deletions or exon 21 L858R mutations, as detected by an FDA-approved test [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION ]. (rxlist.com)
  • Essential oil prepared by distillation of the gum resin traditionally used for aromatic therapy has also been shown to have tumor cell-specific anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, mutations in prostate cancer cells can lead to the development of resistance to androgen deprivation therapy. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • CAR-T cell therapy has achieved outstanding progresses in clinical observations, which makes it even more attractive in the development of cancer adoptive immunotherapy. (ijbs.com)
  • Shane Grealish: Cell Replacement Therapy for Parkinson's Disease: The Importance of Neuronal Subtype, Cell Source and Connectivity for Functional Recovery. (lu.se)
  • One such idea is cell replacement therapy (CRT). (lu.se)
  • Therefore CAR T cells and TCR T cells may represent complementary approaches to cancer therapy. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Because of this local degeneration of a relatively small population of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain, PD has been considered an especially interesting candidate for cell-replacement therapy. (lu.se)
  • The overall aim of this thesis has been to assess the potential of autologous grafting in cell replacement therapy for PD. (lu.se)
  • Next, in order to study the potential of autologous cell replacement therapy we transplanted progenitors derived from a PD patient into a pre-clinical rat model. (lu.se)
  • In a paper published in the November 1, 2022 print issue of Clinical Cancer Research , researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center at UC San Diego Health describe the first preclinical model of appendiceal cancer that contains all elements of the tumor, allowing previously stymied investigations to proceed. (ucsd.edu)
  • In contrast, non-tumoral BTN3A-expressing B cells, HUVEC and fibroblasts were unaffected. (bmj.com)
  • [ 4 ] In vivo aging is linked with accelerated aging of fibroblasts in culture, possibly due to the genomic instability, a hallmark of WS. (medscape.com)
  • In pancreatic cancer cells a cytosolic metabolic enzyme, wild-type isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (wtIDH1), enables adaptation to these conditions. (nature.com)
  • Created by COPASI 4.26 (Build 213) This model is described in the article: A mathematical model of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) F. Hoffman, D. Gavaghan, J. Osborne, I.P. Barrett, T. You, H. Ghadially, R. Sainson, R.W. Wilkinson, H.M. Byrne Journal of Theoretical Biology 436 (2018) 39-50 Abstract: Immunotherapies exploit the immune system to target and kill cancer cells, while sparing healthy tis- sue. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • Our results show how the processes involved in ADCC change as the initial concentration of antibody and NK-cancer cell ratio are varied. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • The Programme focuses on head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC), the 6th most common human malignancy and the tumour type with the most compelling evidence that hypoxia limits standard-of-care chemoradiotherapy. (hrc.govt.nz)
  • Our proprietary capabilities enable us to harness the natural cancer-fighting properties of NK cells and enhance and tailor their effectiveness with the power of synthetic biology and innovative non-viral cell engineering. (pipelinereview.com)
  • Recent animal studies have shown marijuana extracts may help kill certain cancer cells and reduce the size of others. (hiredpower.com)
  • One of the most significant objectives in cancer research is to understand tumor cell formation. (moleculardevices.com)
  • Culture spheroids - Cancer cells can be cultured directly in an ultra-low attachment (ULA), round bottom plate, or other labware to develop the typical morphology of a spheroid. (moleculardevices.com)
  • Analyze cancer cells - Use cellular imaging analysis software to run quantitative analysis of the cell images to monitor the expression of different markers and to quantify biological readouts. (moleculardevices.com)
  • 1 2 This supports gd T-cells use in cancer immunotherapy. (bmj.com)
  • Cancer cell lines: The use of immortalized cell lines in cancer research has been standard practice for decades. (sbir.gov)
  • Notably, the scientific integrity of cancer cell lines is critical for maintaining high standards in research. (sbir.gov)
  • In a preclinical study, the combination of Faslodex (fulvestrant) and PIctilisib (GDC-0941) resulted in decreased cell viability and increased apoptotic activity in PTEN deficient estrogen-receptor (ER) positive breast cancer cells in culture ( PMID: 26733612 ). (jax.org)
  • We've learned that appendiceal cancer has a distinctive genomic landscape and is surprisingly full of immune cells," said senior author Andrew Lowy, MD , chief of the Division of Surgical Oncology at Moores Cancer Center and a professor of surgery at UC San Diego School of Medicine. (ucsd.edu)
  • Lowy and colleagues developed an organotypic slice culture of living appendiceal cancer cells. (ucsd.edu)
  • We have proposed that the loss of E-cadherin due to pathogenic CDH1 mutations creates vulnerabilities in early-stage T1a gastric cancer cells that can be targeted with drugs. (nostomachforcancer.org)
  • In this project, we have investigated these cells' vulnerability to histone deacetylases (HDACs) inhibitors, a class of enzymes with multiple roles in cancer development. (nostomachforcancer.org)
  • Novel cancer treatment strategies take advantage of tumor-induced vascularisation by combining standard chemotherapeutic agents with angiogenesis-inhibiting agents. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Spatially restricted tumour-associated and host-associated immune drivers correlate with the recurrence sites of pancreatic cancer. (unibe.ch)
  • The objective of this study was to optimize conditions for preparing Boswellea sacra essential oil with the highest biological activity in inducing tumor cell-specific cytotoxicity and suppressing aggressive tumor phenotypes in human breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Boswellia sacra essential oil-mediated cell viability and death were studied in established human breast cancer cell lines (T47D, MCF7, MDA-MB-231) and an immortalized normal human breast cell line (MCF10-2A). (biomedcentral.com)
  • All three human breast cancer cell lines were sensitive to essential oil treatment with reduced cell viability and elevated cell death, whereas the immortalized normal human breast cell line was more resistant to essential oil treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Similar to our previous observations in human bladder cancer cells, Boswellia sacra essential oil induces breast cancer cell-specific cytotoxicity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Suppression of cellular network formation and disruption of spheroid development of breast cancer cells by Boswellia sacra essential oil suggest that the essential oil may be effective for advanced breast cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this work, we present a descriptive analysis of 16 commonly used ovarian cancer cell lines. (oncotarget.com)
  • However, the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway in tumor cells has also been implicated in lung cancer metabolism. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • There are primarily two types of lung cancer: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and SCLC, and the former accounts for ~85% of all lung cancer cases ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Certain metabolic alterations, also referred to as metabolic reprogramming, are commonly observed in tumor cells and are proposed to be hallmarks of cancer ( 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The most striking and characteristic metabolic alteration in cancer cells is anomalous glucose metabolism and cancer cells tend to utilize glycolysis to obtain energy even under aerobic conditions via a process called 'aerobic glycolysis' ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In the 1920s, Otto Heinrich Warburg discovered that cancer cells, unlike normal cells, use the glycolytic pathway to obtain energy for growth even in the presence of oxygen, which is a phenomenon known as 'aerobic glycolysis' or the Warburg effect ( 9 ), and aerobic glycolysis is a common metabolic phenotype in NSCLC ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • It has been reported that lung cancer cells exhibit upregulated expression of all key glycolytic enzymes [hexokinase 2 (HK2), phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase (PK)] ( 13 ), suggesting that the essential enzymes of the aerobic glycolytic pathway have a critical role in the development of lung carcinoma. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In a preclinical study, a majority of human colorectal cancer cell lines (4/7) harboring mutant BRAF were insensitive to Mekinist (trametinib) in culture ( PMID: 26343583 ). (jax.org)
  • Collectively, our work provides strong translational and preclinical rationale to target LILRB2 in cancer. (figshare.com)
  • A new study explains how a single bout of high-intensity exercise can boost tumor-suppressing mechanisms even in advanced prostate cancer. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Previous research has shown that blood taken from patients with advanced prostate cancer who followed a high-intensity exercise program for a few months could suppress the growth of cultured tumor cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Previous research has shown that serum from advanced prostate cancer patients who followed a supervised high-intensity exercise program (HIIT) for 6 months showed elevated myokine levels and a greater ability to suppress the growth of tumor cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • In a follow-up study published in Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases , the same researchers have now shown that serum samples collected immediately after a single bout of physical exercise from exercise-trained advanced prostate cancer patients also showed elevated myokine levels and enhanced tumor suppressive effects than before exercise. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Physical exercise can modulate the circulating levels of growth factors, hormones, and cytokines, a class of proteins that can modulate inflammation levels, that are involved in sustaining the growth of cancer cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • We use genetic, molecular, pharmacological tools to study how the KRAS oncogene maintain the tumorigenic state in lung, colorectal and pancreatic cancer cells. (cancer.gov)
  • We were among the first to carry out synthetic lethal screens to identify non-oncogene addiction in KRAS mutant cancer cells. (cancer.gov)
  • Although 2-dimensional cell culture has traditionally been a useful method to study cancer cell behavior, this model does not capture the anchorage-independent nature of cancer cell growth. (cancer.gov)
  • Conventional cancer drug discovery screens are carried out on cells cultured in a monolayer, a system critically lacking the influence of TME. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In this report, the biologic functions of MDSC are defined and evidence linking MDSC with the response to cancer immunotherapies in solid tumors are reviewed. (iospress.com)
  • This combination decreased ovarian cancer cell growth by 84 percent. (scienceblog.com)
  • miR-203 drives breast cancer cell differentiation. (medscape.com)
  • Correction: Changes in the tumor oxygenation but not in the tumor volume and tumor vascularization reflect early response of breast cancer to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. (medscape.com)
  • Animal studies have shown that LAK cells are more effective against cancer cells than are the original endogenous T cells, presumably because of their greater number. (msdmanuals.com)
  • CAR T cell immunotherapy for human cancer. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In cancer patients dendritic cells may become dysfunctional or excluded from tumors. (lu.se)
  • The reprogrammed cancer cells thereby lose their ability to become tumors, and instead activate the immune system to respond to mutated proteins in the tumor. (lu.se)
  • In contrast, irradiation of C6 or HN5 reporter xenografts with 8 Gy in vivo elicited marked upregulation of HIF-1 signaling and downstream proangiogenic signaling at 48 hours which preceded recovery of tumor growth. (lincoln.ac.uk)
  • Our physiologically-relevant, highly-sensitive, and robust ex vivo screening platform will greatly strengthen preclinical oncology drug discovery and treatment decision making. (elsevierpure.com)
  • USF continues its preclinical studies to determine how aspirin inhibits tumor cell growth. (scienceblog.com)
  • They help display the physiological changes that differentiate tumor cells from healthy cells. (moleculardevices.com)
  • Thus, experimental systems that integrate sensitive and high-throughput assays with physiological TME will strengthen the preclinical drug discovery process. (elsevierpure.com)
  • From a physiological standpoint, MDSC can be thought of as effectors of a homeostatic mechanism that regulate T cell-mediated inflammatory responses to pathogens [ 5 ]. (iospress.com)
  • We postulated that the expression levels of angiogenesis-related proteins from various primary tumor cultures would be greater under hypoxic conditions than under normoxia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In contrast to TCR T cells, CAR T cells recognize only relatively large proteins on the surface of tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • A localized hypoxic environment occurs during tumor growth necessitating an angiogenic response or tumor necrosis results. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For decades, fetal bovine serum (FBS) has been used routinely for culturing many cell types, based on its empirically demonstrated effects on cell growth, and the lack of suitable non-xenogeneic alternatives. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • The implications of this finding overshadowed the importance of mitochondria for tumor growth for a long time. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In a preclinical study, Mekinist (trametinib) inhibited growth of lung adenocarcinoma cells harboring mutant BRAF in culture ( PMID: 26343583 ). (jax.org)
  • In a preclinical study, Mekinist (trametinib) inhibited growth of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells harboring mutant BRAF in culture ( PMID: 26343583 ). (jax.org)
  • Preclinical studies suggest that these myokines can suppress the growth of tumor cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • In vivo, Interferon alfa-2a, recombinant has been shown to inhibit the growth of several human tumors growing in immunocompromised (nude) mice. (drugs.com)
  • The Hu08BBz exhibited a 75% reduction in orthotopic tumor growth using low-dose CAR T?cell infusion. (campaignfornonviolentschools.org)
  • The study, published in the October issue of the journal Obstetrics and Gynecology, demonstrated that aspirin inhibited ovarian tumor cell growth by as much as 68 percent. (scienceblog.com)
  • The researchers also found that combining aspirin with a monoclonal antibody specific for the HER-2/neu protein created even greater suppression of growth than treating the tumor cells with aspirin alone. (scienceblog.com)
  • HER-2/neu is a receptor protein on the tumor cell surface that binds to a substance that stimulates growth. (scienceblog.com)
  • In mice, MDSC can be identified by species-specific cell surface markers (CD11b + Gr-1 + ) and may be further classified as monocytic (M-MDSC, Ly-6C hi ) or granulocytic (G-MDSC, Ly-6G + ) based on additional cell surface markers [ 6 ]. (iospress.com)
  • I also describe the development of a novel behavioural task that is predictive of mesDA neuron cell loss in mice. (lu.se)
  • Our primary objective is to develop new prodrugs that selectively target anticancer drugs (cytotoxins, DNA repair inhibitors) to these refractory cells. (hrc.govt.nz)
  • Members of the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B (LILRB) family, including LILRB2 (ILT4), are known to transmit inhibitory signals in macrophages and other myeloid cells. (figshare.com)
  • As a result, human macrophages treated with a LILRB2 blocker are reprogrammed to increase the activation of autologous T cells in co-culture systems. (figshare.com)
  • Thioglycollate-elicited murine peritoneal macrophages were cultured with CLX-090717 and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced TNF-alpha release was assayed. (ox.ac.uk)
  • 18,21 Early in 2010, a team of Taiwanese researchers discovered that GLA regulates the inflammatory "master molecule" nuclear factor-kappaB or NF-kB, preventing it from switching on genes for inflammatory cytokines in cell nuclei. (lifeextension.com)
  • Interpersonal skills are also critical since many times there are multiple researchers who will need to work with the cells. (biotech-careers.org)
  • We applied a multimodality preclinical imaging platform to mechanistically characterize tumor response to radiation, with a focus on HIF-1 - dependent resistance pathways. (lincoln.ac.uk)
  • Pereira's research also involves reprogramming skin cells into dendritic cells, which are the sentinels of the immune system. (lu.se)
  • Therefore, new ways are needed to reprogram other cells into immune cells with the same capacity as the "natural" dendritic cells. (lu.se)
  • We use these results to explain what information about the tumour cell kill rate can be extracted from the cytotoxicity assays. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • Spheroids are believed to mimic tumor behavior more effectively than regular two dimensional (2D) cell cultures because, much like tumors, they contain both surface-exposed and deeply buried cells, proliferating and non-proliferating cells, and a hypoxic center with a well-oxygenated outer layer of cells. (moleculardevices.com)
  • Compared to 2D cell cultures, spheroids mimic solid tumors much more accurately. (moleculardevices.com)
  • Methods A complete IND-enabling program was conducted to characterize the preclinical activity and safety of ICT01. (bmj.com)
  • GLA plays an important role in modulating inflammation throughout the body, especially when incorporated into the membranes of immune system cells. (lifeextension.com)
  • Because of its species-restricted activity, it has not been possible to demonstrate antitumor activity in immunologically intact syngeneic tumor model systems, where effects on the host immune system would be observable. (drugs.com)
  • However, as tumors evade immune system detection many patients or tumor types do not respond. (lu.se)
  • Nevertheless, ex vivo activation with cytokines can restore cytolytic activity of NK cells against GB, indicating that NK cells have potential for adoptive immunotherapy of GB if potent cytotoxicity can be maintained in vivo . (frontiersin.org)
  • While blockade of macrophage infiltration was shown to eliminate tumor cell migration to irradiated sites, the impact of macrophage phenotype has not been investigated. (hhs.gov)
  • The exact mechanisms driving the onset and progression of these tumors are still poorly understood. (oncotarget.com)
  • In the present review, NSCLC metabolism was discussed with a focus on the potential of metformin-based targeting of NSCLC metabolism and the associated mechanisms, and the available preclinical and clinical evidence was assessed. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Conclusions: Our results illustrate that tumor radioresistance is mediated by a capacity to compensate for stromal vascular disruption through HIF-1 - dependent proangiogenic signaling and that clinically relevant vascular imaging techniques can spatially define mechanisms associated with tumor irradiation. (lincoln.ac.uk)
  • A specialized form of cell culture work involves maintaining cultures of embryonic stem cells. (biotech-careers.org)
  • A potentially pre-clinical aspect of this thesis is detailed in paper №4 where I describe a robust protocol for the generation of functional mesDA neurons from human embryonic stem cells that are functional in a rat model of PD. (lu.se)
  • These progenitors which are derived from either embryonic stem cells (ESCs) or healthy induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) express wild-type levels of a-syn, thus making them equally susceptible to developing Lewy bodies over time. (lu.se)
  • The majority of neoplasms have mucinous histology, a characteristic that makes them difficult to assess under a microscope and to culture. (ucsd.edu)
  • Stem cell research is another significant application of spheroids, especially during the cultivation of embryonic (ESC) and neural stem cells (NSC). (moleculardevices.com)
  • From experiments supported by a generous donation of $18,000 raised in the First Annual Ezra Hartke Race for Hope, we are learning how a commonly used steroid medication administered to brain tumor patients has the potential to alter the types of stem cells within a tumor, which could dramatically change the effectiveness of many types of treatments. (ejhraceforhope.com)
  • He has succeeded in converting human skin cells into blood stem cells, which is a first step towards creating fully functional blood stem cells in test tubes. (lu.se)
  • Blood stem cells lose important characteristics when they are cultured, while skin cells are both easily accessible and can be easily expanded in test tubes. (lu.se)
  • Reprogramming skin cells to blood stem cells could potentially provide an unlimited source of cells for transplantation to patients with blood disorders. (lu.se)
  • First, we utilized single cell sequencing to dissect the differentiation of stem cells to midbrain dopaminergic neurons. (lu.se)