• Clinical situations associated with myocardial stunning include: acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with early reperfusion unstable angina after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) after cardiac surgery 'neurogenic' stunned myocardium following an acute cerebrovascular event such as a subarachnoid hemorrhage in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis, chronic myocardial stunning may lead to heart failure Myocardial stunning has been implicated in the development of Takotsubo (Stress) cardiomyopathy. (wikipedia.org)
  • Stunned myocardium is myocardium that suffers transient reversible myocardial contractile dysfunction that is caused by acute ischemia during which the blood supply is almost completely restored by reperfusion, with no metabolic deterioration. (medscape.com)
  • Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a syndrome affecting the myocardium upon blood flow restoration following a sufficiently long interruption, such as encountered in a coronary thrombosis or heart surgery [1,2]. (justia.com)
  • Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) contribute to postischemic reperfusion damage in many organs and tissues, a prerequisite being adhesion of PMNs to vascular endothelial cells. (silverchair.com)
  • This coupled comorbidity of pathological ischemia and therapeutic reinjury of infarcted myocardium, namely, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI), is particularly refractory to treatment [ 4 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Direct measurement of free radical generation following reperfusion of ischemic myocardium. (google.ca)
  • We have recently shown that postischemic administration of intralipid protects the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury. (silverchair.com)
  • Ischemic preconditioning, short periods of ischemia with intermittent reperfusion, has been shown to protect the myocardium from a subsequent longer ischemic insult (21-23). (lomr.org)
  • In the ischemic myocardium, an increase in glucose uptake and subsequent ATP generated through glycolysis helps to sustain myocardial electric and mechanical performance, maintains cellular ultrastructure, promotes myocardial recovery. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Myocardial stunning or transient post-ischemic myocardial dysfunction is a state of mechanical cardiac dysfunction that can occur in a portion of myocardium without necrosis after a brief interruption in perfusion, despite the timely restoration of normal coronary blood flow. (wikipedia.org)
  • The diagnosis of myocardial stunning must also be differentiated from other conditions such as hibernating myocardium and persistent (silent) subendocardial ischemia, which can also co-exist with superimposed stunning. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cardiogenic shock (pump failure): principal alterations, including scarring of necrotic myocardium and its features, post-ischemic ventricular aneurysm, cerebral complications of myocardial infarction. (unibo.it)
  • The term hibernating myocardium is also used to indicate chronic myocardial contractile dysfunction due to ischemia, in which there is reduced coronary blood flow at rest and increased myocardial demand results in impaired contractility. (medscape.com)
  • Rahimtoola suggested that hibernating myocardium is characterized by a state of persistently impaired myocardial and LV function at rest due to reduced coronary blood flow that can be partially or completely restored to normal by improving blood flow or by reducing oxygen demand (see the image below). (medscape.com)
  • Clinically, discerning the etiology of depressed myocardial contractile function is difficult, whether due to stunned myocardium, silent ischemia, or hibernating myocardium. (medscape.com)
  • The injured myocardium develops an evolving dependence on glucose as its preferred metabolic substrate while development of myocardial insulin resistance is associated with the progression of heart failure and increased incidence as well as severity of the damaged hearts. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Inhibitors of free fatty acid metabolism have been shown experimentally to decrease the size of myocardial infarction and lessen postischemic cardiac dysfunction in animal models of regional and global ischemia. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In hibernating myocardium, contractile function can be partially or totally restored by improving coronary blood flow or by reducing oxygen demand of the myocardium. (medscape.com)
  • We investigated the effects of halothane, isoflurane, and sevoflurane on postischemic adhesion of human PMNs in the intact coronary system of isolated perfused guinea pig hearts. (silverchair.com)
  • The most effective early treatment for reducing AMI injury and limiting the infarcted myocardium is timely coronary revascularization using thrombolytic therapy or primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) [ 2 - 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Long chain free fatty acids (FFA) are the preferred metabolic substrates of myocardium under aerobic conditions. (elsevierpure.com)
  • 16. Malinovskaya S.L., Drugova O.V., Monich V.A., Mukhina I.V. Effect of low-intensity luminescent radiation on recovery of heart function in postischemic period. (medline.ru)
  • During injury stimulation, the major effects on the cardiac function may be those involving mitochondria-dominated events along with potential nucleus-governed genetic/epigenetic alternations within the cardiomyocytes as well as the macrophage-led inflammation and T-cell-led immune responses underlying the myocardium-vessel interactive cascade. (hindawi.com)
  • Similar with the result from another in vivo study on rat hearts [20], we observed a protective effect of exogenous NGF on myocardium from I/R injury, as well as an improvement of post-ischemic cardiac function in isolated perfused rat hearts. (beccajcampbell.com)
  • The mechanism by which FFA inhibitors improve cardiac function in the postischemic heart is controversial. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) is attributed with multiple beneficial actions in ischemic-reperfused myocardium, including modulation of oncotic and apoptotic cell death and enhancement of contractile function. (edu.au)
  • In conclusion, CK-deficient hearts show an increased susceptibility of LV performance and Ca2+ homeostasis to ischemic injury, associated with a blunted postischemic recovery. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Based on the experimental and first clinical data on helium conditioning we hypothesized that helium induces pre- and/or postconditioning in human myocardium of patients undergoing CABG surgery, involving regulation of PKC, p38 MAPK, ERK 1/2 and HSP-27, and reducing postoperative troponin T release. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, it is important to determine the mechanism of coronary artery disease progression and establish methods to protect the myocardium from MI/RI damage. (biomedcentral.com)
  • After total ischemia occurs, the myocardium switches immediately from aerobic glycolysis to anaerobic glycolysis resulting in the reduced ability to produce high energy phosphates such as ATP and Creatinine Phosphate. (wikipedia.org)
  • The diagnosis of myocardial stunning must also be differentiated from other conditions such as hibernating myocardium and persistent (silent) subendocardial ischemia, which can also co-exist with superimposed stunning. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a syndrome affecting the myocardium upon blood flow restoration following a sufficiently long interruption, such as encountered in a coronary thrombosis or heart surgery [1,2]. (justia.com)
  • After cardiac ischemia, EET-induced coronary vasodilation increases delivery of oxygen/nutrients to the myocardium, and EET-induced signaling protects cardiomyocytes against postischemic mitochondrial damage. (nih.gov)
  • On reperfusion after ischemia, recovery of postischemic LVDP and size of infarct were examined. (nih.gov)
  • The present study investigated whether this metabolic inefficiency represents a basal functional abnormality present in the quiescent myocardium (e.g. abnormal mitochondrial coupling) or is specifically related to muscle contraction. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Myocardial stunning or transient post-ischemic myocardial dysfunction is a state of mechanical cardiac dysfunction that can occur in a portion of myocardium without necrosis after a brief interruption in perfusion, despite the timely restoration of normal coronary blood flow. (wikipedia.org)
  • Inhalation of acute multipollutant mixtures decreases LVDP and cardiac contractility in isolated non-ischemic murine hearts, prolongs ischemic contracture, increases postischemic recovery of LVDP, and reduces infarct size. (nih.gov)
  • Using esmolol in direct version intracardiac beating heart surgery protects the myocardium and facilitates the operation. (go.jp)
  • In the myocardium, PKARIα (type-1 protein kinase A) can be reversibly oxidized, forming interprotein disulfide bonds in the holoenzyme complex. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Energy deprivation in the myocardium is associated with impaired heart function and increased morbidity. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In the postischemic heart, this regulatory mechanism is critical for protection from extensive injury and offers a novel target for the design of cardioprotective therapeutics. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In addition, RT-PCR and western blotting shown geniposide promoting AMPK phosphorylation to activate myocardium energy metabolism and reducing the levels of genes and proteins expression of NLRP3, ASC, N-GSDMD and cleaved caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mice in the multipollutant-mixture group had better recovery of postischemic LVDP and smaller infarct size. (nih.gov)