• The number and diversity of uncultured ruminal bacterial and archaeal species revealed by 16S rRNA gene ( rrs ) sequences greatly exceeds that of cultured bacteria and archaea. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene is present in most bacterial species. (technologynetworks.com)
  • Genomic traits include the number of regulatory genes and 16S rRNA gene copies, the GC content - the proportion of DNA that is either guanine or cytosine - and genome size. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • Isolates were purified, and partial sequences for the 16S rRNA gene were obtained from 5608 isolates. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Metagenomic DNA from both soil samples was extracted and used to amplify the 16S rRNA gene by using primers deduced from the division bacteria. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • Furthermore, DGGE (Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis) technique was used to separate the products of a nested amplification (the variable region of 16S rRNA gene) using bacterial primers, and primers specific for the genera Burkholderia. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • In parallel, we used 16S rRNA gene sequencing for an integrated analysis of gut ecosystem structure and functions. (bmj.com)
  • A comprehensive fungi-specific 18S rRNA gene sequence primer toolkit suited for diverse research issues and sequencing platforms. (cdc.gov)
  • DNA was extracted using the QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit then the V1-V3 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced using the Roche/454 GS FLX + pyrosequencing instrument. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We confirmed host phylogeny using the sequencing method and analyzed the influence of host phylogeny and bioclimatic zone parameters on the rodent gut microbiome using high-throughput amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragments. (microbial-ecology.net)
  • The Berkeley Lab PhyloChip probes samples for the 16S rRNA gene, which is involved in making proteins and is found in all bacteria and archaea. (ideaconnection.com)
  • The HMP in particular includes, for each sample, both 16S rRNA gene surveys and shotgun metagenomic sequences, from a subset of the subjects recruited at two geographically distant locations in the United States. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Broad-range bacterial PCR is based on the use of primers tions Program's UNEX study and met all project inclusion cri- that recognize conserved sequences of bacterial chromosomal teria, including absence of important preexisting medical genes encoding ribosomal RNA (rDNA). (cdc.gov)
  • The microbial composition of dental plaque from 42 severe-ECC children was compared with that of caries-free children. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Here, we investigated the effects of extreme drought and exotic plants, two of the most significant threats to Mediterranean-type ecosystems, on soil microbial community composition and carbon metabolic genes within a four-year field rainfall manipulation experiment. (nature.com)
  • The correlation between dysbiosis and IBD is not completely understood, and human studies involve confounding variables on bacterial composition, such as antibiotic use [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • PhyloChip has also already been used to study biological degradation of toxic chemicals, bioremediation of uranium, microbial composition of the atmosphere due to climate change, and the pathogenic colonization of lungs in intubated patients. (ideaconnection.com)
  • We describe the bacterial community composition of ten digestive tract sites from more than 200 normal adults enrolled in the Human Microbiome Project, and metagenomically determined metabolic potentials of four representative sites. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2020. Arid ecosystem vegetation canopy-gap dichotomy: Influence on soil microbial composition and nutrient cycling functional potential. (nih.gov)
  • We statistically evaluated if intake of added sugar (as well as with the support of the urinary sucrose and fructose biomarker as mentioned in a previous blog post ), sugar-sweetened beverages and artificially sweetened beverages associated with any of the 64 bacterial genera or with various measures of microbiota composition and diversity, such as alpa diversity, beta diversity and the Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio. (lu.se)
  • Hence, bacteria in these environments often have smaller genomes, lower GC content and fewer regulatory genes. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • This process - termed genomic streamlining - connects the available nutrients with the structure of bacterial genomes through natural selection. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • Horizontal gene transfer happens when foreign genetic material jumps into genomes, creating new combinations (recombination) of genes, or new genomes. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • Genetic modification is essentially horizontal gene transfer and recombination, speeded up enormously, and totally unlimited in the source of genetic material recombined to make the GMDNA that's inserted into the genomes plants, animals and livestock to create genetically modified organisms (GMOs). (i-sis.org.uk)
  • A statistical method to identify recombination in bacterial genomes based on SNP incompatibility. (cdc.gov)
  • To probe whether that is true in the real world, the team examined the genomes of 439 species of bacteria, counting both the number of T6SS toxins - a measure of how aggressively they kill bacteria unlike themselves - and the number of secreted gene products, a measure of their level of cooperation. (newscientist.com)
  • Recovering individual genomes from metagenomic datasets allows access to uncultivated microbial populations that may have important roles in natural and engineered ecosystems. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Accurate binning of assembled metagenomic sequences is an essential step in recovering the genomes and understanding microbial functions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Binning of simulated metagenomic datasets demonstrated that MaxBin had high levels of accuracy in binning microbial genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The development of high-throughput genomic sequencing technologies has enabled the recovery of genomes directly from microbial communities in natural and engineered environments [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These bins represent composite genomes of individual populations that comprise the microbial community. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We used a global-level hierarchical sampling scheme to comprehensively characterize the evolutionary relationships and distributional limitations of the nitrogen-fixing bacterial symbionts of the crop chickpea, generating 1,027 draft whole-genome sequences at the level of bacterial populations, including 14 high-quality PacBio genomes from a phylogenetically representative subset. (cgiar.org)
  • In contrast, diversity in the broader gene content of Mesorhizobium genomes follows a tight linear relationship with core genome phylogenetic distance, with little detectable effect of geography. (cgiar.org)
  • These results illustrate how geography and demography can operate differentially on the evolution of bacterial genomes and offer useful insights for the development of improved technologies for sustainable agriculture. (cgiar.org)
  • A catalogue of 178 reference bacterial birth, and the delivery type is the first core of species has been identified genomes distributed among different factor that has an impact. (who.int)
  • To examine how gut microbiomes differ among human populations, here we characterize bacterial species in fecal samples from 531 individuals, plus the gene content of 110 of them. (nih.gov)
  • He used a tool known as parallel sequential fluorescence in situ hybridization (par-seqFISH) on populations of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a species often found in the lungs of people with cystic fibrosis. (the-scientist.com)
  • Yet, the phenotypic landscape in any given species remains largely unexplored due to the technical challenges of systematically profiling individual bacterial cells. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • This reflects genomic streamlining relationships that have been observed for individual bacterial species in the ocean. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • The bacterial species Streptococcus mutans is widely recognized as the primary pathogen in early childhood caries. (sciencedaily.com)
  • That's because each species comes onto the evolutionary stage in its own space and time, and only those species that overlap in space and time could ever exchange genes at all in nature. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • 21 species and 277 gene markers were identified whose abundance was significantly increased or decreased from normal to AA and CRC. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Previous studies looking at bacteria in the Alzheimer's brain have primarily investigated specific bacterial species," explains Shelley Allen, another researcher involved in the study. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • The isolation of dozens of species in cellulolytic microbial consortia, including a novel species of myxobacteria that has the smallest genome among all sequenced aerobic myxobacteria, was easily achieved using the binning software. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In some bacterial species, these antimicrobial resistance mechanisms are stable and affect most strains: we speak of natural antimicrobial resistance. (encyclopedie-environnement.org)
  • On the contrary, acquired antibiotic resistance occurs when certain strains of a bacterial species usually susceptible to an antibiotic acquire a genetic mechanism of resistance to it. (encyclopedie-environnement.org)
  • Evidence of Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme disease), Mycoplasma species, Chlamydia pneumoniae, human herpesvirus-1, -6 and -7 and other bacterial (Ehrlichia/Anaplasma, Babesia, Coxiella, Bartonella) and viral (Herpes Simplex, TBA-virus) infections revealed high infection rates in the patients affected by the above listed illnesses that were less likely or not found at all in controls. (blogspot.com)
  • A 0.4-kbp BamHI-KpnI fragment of the mcd gene was used as a DNA probe to monitor soil microbial populations capable of degrading carbofuran in soils from twelve contrasting agricultur al sites, representing seven soil series from five U.S. states. (cdc.gov)
  • Soil microbial community responses to drought and exotic plants could potentially impact ecosystem C storage by producing a smaller, more vulnerable C pool of microbial biomass that is prone to increased pulses of heterotrophic respiration. (nature.com)
  • Aiming to exploit the genetic potential of soils microorganisms from extreme environments to retrieve salinity tolerance genes, the diversity of saline soil was examined and soil metagenomic DNA was used. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • Taken these results altogether, we conclude that, microbial community in that environment were found to be represented by highly diverse microorganisms, interestingly most of them seems to be uncultured. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • Although microorganisms are known to dominate Earth's biospheres and drive biogeochemical cycling, little is known about the geographic distributions of microbial populations or the environmental factors that pattern those distributions. (cgiar.org)
  • Transcriptional regulation of the genes in metabolic pathways is a highly successful strategy, which is virtually universal in microorganisms. (lu.se)
  • A number of studies have explored how regulation of generally, and at least to a first approximation, it is obvious that metabolic pathways affects the growth rate of microorganisms, gene regulation only is useful if the environmental conditions vary both in the steady state and in response to changes in the local with time. (lu.se)
  • Understanding how population-level dynamics contribute to ecosystem-level processes is a primary focus of ecological research and has led to important breakthroughs in the ecology of macroscopic organisms. (osti.gov)
  • Basic aspects of microbial ecology such as gene exchange, habitat modification, and interactions of microbes with the hosts on which they live are often best examined in this system. (bio.net)
  • Ecology, Microbial population biology, Bacteria, Microbiology and Genetics are his primary areas of study. (research.com)
  • His studies deal with areas such as Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis, Hyporheic zone, Soil water, Microbial ecology and Environmental chemistry as well as Microbial population biology. (research.com)
  • William E. Holben spends much of his time researching Microbial population biology, Ecology, Fractionation, Greenland ice sheet and Microbial biodegradation. (research.com)
  • His Ecology research includes elements of Microbial ecology and Stable-isotope probing. (research.com)
  • Microbial population biology, Ecology, Isolation, Bacterial dna and Microbiology are his primary areas of study. (research.com)
  • His work deals with themes such as Microbial ecology and Stable-isotope probing, which intersect with Ecology. (research.com)
  • Understanding the roles of these uncultivated populations has broad application in ecology, evolution, biotechnology and medicine. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The proportions in which symbionts occurred in populations of I. ricinus were highly variable, but geographically close study sites expressed similar proportions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, it is currently not well understood as to where amphibians acquire their skin symbionts, and whether the sources of microbial symbionts change throughout development. (datadryad.org)
  • Using 16S rRNA marker gene profiling coupled with SourceTracker, we show that while primary environmental sources remained constant throughout the life cycle, secondary sources of boreal toad symbionts significantly changed with development. (datadryad.org)
  • Additionally, host-associated microbial communities were both small and AT-rich, consistent with findings from isolates. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • Anti- and mortality among children in developing microbial resistance among clinical isolates countries [1]. (who.int)
  • Therefore, in our study, E. coli complex, multi-factorial mechanism involv- isolates from diarrhoeal cases were ana- ing a large number of virulence factors that lysed using specific DNA probes for genes vary with pathotype. (who.int)
  • 13.0%) isolates carried genes encoding 3 tion. (who.int)
  • Isolates were screened for presence different toxins and 2 (2.2%) isolates were of genes encoding LT and ST enterotoxins, positive with all 4 DNA probes. (who.int)
  • This study was aimed at determining the urinary bacterial isolates and their susceptibility to selected antibiotics among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics of selected Hospitals in Ilorin, Nigeria. (who.int)
  • Cefoxitin (30g) was used as surrogate to determine phenotypic methicillin resistance in staphylococcus isolates, and the methicillin resistance ( mec A) gene was detected by conventional PCR assay. (who.int)
  • Four of the 9 (44.4%) CoNS isolates were cefoxitin resistant and all the 4 (100%) carried mec A gene. (who.int)
  • A number of studies have shown that random fluctuations in microbial genes trigger some microbes to hunker down into a dormant, drug-resistant state . (quantamagazine.org)
  • Kovács's team has found that in populations of the soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis , most microbes assume responsibility for matrix production during early development when they are little more than a throng of unconnected cells. (the-scientist.com)
  • The genetic information of a microbial community - known as the metagenome - provides a glimpse into the genetic potential of microbes in their natural environment. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • The study " Variation in genomic traits of microbial communities among ecosystems " published in FEMS Microbes analyzes these traits from available metagenomes from different microbial communities. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • Based on this, the study " Variation in genomic traits of microbial communities among ecosystems" published in FEMS Microbes determines how genomic traits are distributed among bacterial-dominated microbial communities. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • Gas reporting of gene expression will make possible dynamic studies of natural and engineered microbes within many hard-to-image environmental matrices (soils, sediments, sludge, and biomass) at sample scales exceeding those used for traditional visual reporting. (msu.edu)
  • Computational models that accurately and robustly describe bacterial population behavior and response to environmental stimuli are crucial to both understanding the dynamics of microbial communities and efficiently utilizing engineered microbes in practice. (vt.edu)
  • Formerly, researchers relied on bacterial cultures to identify the microbes present in an environmental or medical sample. (ideaconnection.com)
  • In conclusion, known bacterial pathogens cause some critical illnesses and deaths that fail to be explained with traditional diag- nostic methods. (cdc.gov)
  • The isolation of bacterial pathogens resistant to the commonly prescribed antibiotics from pregnant women symptomatic and asymptomatic for UTI calls for early screening of all pregnant women for UTI during antenatal care service delivery. (who.int)
  • ABSTRACT We aimed to identify bacterial pathogens/contaminants in dairy product samples collected by environmental health inspectors of the Palestinian Ministry of Health from 2001-04. (who.int)
  • Accurate quantification of low microbial biomass samples permitted comparisons to high biomass samples, despite the presence of contaminating DNA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • While microbial responses to experimental droughts were weak, scant rainfall periods resulted in decreased microbial biomass and activity, and relative abundances of bacterial groups such as Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, and Acidobacteria decreased concomitantly with increases in Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Firmicutes abundance. (nature.com)
  • Being able to control the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_growth bacterial growth cycle] and inducing a premature stationary phase will create the possibility to spend more time producing, using less nutrients for biomass and more for desired production. (igem.org)
  • ABSTRACT Optical density is a proxy of total biomass concentration and is commonly used for measuring the growth of bacterial cultures. (microbial-ecology.net)
  • Hallmarks of steady-state population growth are stable frequency distributions of cellular properties over time, something total biomass growth alone cannot quantify. (microbial-ecology.net)
  • Application of MaxBin to metagenomes obtained from microbial consortia adapted to grow on cellulose allowed genomic analysis of new, uncultivated, cellulolytic bacterial populations, including an abundant myxobacterial population distantly related to Sorangium cellulosum that possessed a much smaller genome (5 MB versus 13 to 14 MB) but has a more extensive set of genes for biomass deconstruction. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Genome Insider: Methane Makers in Yosemite's Lakes Meet researchers who sampled the microbial communities living in the mountaintop lakes of the Sierra Nevada mountains to see how climate change affects freshwater ecosystems, and how those ecosystems work. (doe.gov)
  • Similarly, we can contextualize taxa and gene abundance data of microbial communities with the structural elements of their genome. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • Studies on the GM process have shown that the foreign gene inserts invariably damages the genome, scrambling and rearranging DNA sequences, resulting in inappropriate gene expression that can trigger cancer [3, 4]. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • It is well known that the occurrence of CRC is a multi-gene, multi-step process caused by the interaction of environmental factors with its genome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It corresponds to the presence in the genome of these bacteria of genes encoding this resistance. (encyclopedie-environnement.org)
  • 2. Incorporation of the viral genome into the bacterial genome and viral replication. (encyclopedie-environnement.org)
  • 3. Encapsidation of the virus that incorporates fragments of the bacterial genome. (encyclopedie-environnement.org)
  • 5. the virus transmits the fragment of the bacterial genome from the donor bacterium to the recipient bacterium. (encyclopedie-environnement.org)
  • Historically, multicellular bacterial communities, known as biofilms, have been thought to be held together solely by a self-produced extracellular matrix. (nature.com)
  • Our lab applies single-cell and spatial transcriptomics approaches to globally study cell-cell variation across lifestyles, from free-living populations and biofilms assemblies to bacterial colonization of host tissues. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms are shown in gray with par-seqFISH gene expression data in color. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • The exopolysaccharide genes such as pilB, pslA, lecA, ureB and alginate genes are responsible for the formation of pseudomonas biofilms. (ukessays.com)
  • While homogeneous planktonic populations were studied in sterile labs, the heterogeneous (mixed bacteria, virus, fungus) biofilms represent reality in our body. (blogspot.com)
  • Today we know that biofilms are involved in most (probably all) microbial, and even some viral or mixed multispecies (bacterial, viral, fungal) infections in the body. (blogspot.com)
  • The rise of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, however, represents a serious threat to public health and the economy. (cdc.gov)
  • CDC) estimates that annually, at least two million illnesses and 23,000 deaths are caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the United States alone.1 If the effectiveness of antibiotics (drugs that kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria) is lost, we will no longer be able to reliably and rapidly treat bacterial infections, including bacterial pneumonias, foodborne illnesses, and healthcare- associated infections. (cdc.gov)
  • At the core of his interest are multi-drug efflux pumps and gene expression programmes that mediate bacterial survival and adaptation to antibiotic exposure. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • My research is oriented around measuring and manipulating interactions between genes and their cellular, genomic, environmental, and community contexts giving rise to microbial population behaviours such as antibiotic resistance. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • GMDNA often contains antibiotic resistance marker genes needed in the process of making GM organisms, but serves no useful function in the GM organism. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • Antibiotic target and bacterial resistance mechanisms. (encyclopedie-environnement.org)
  • and the inactivation of the antibiotic by bacterial enzymes. (encyclopedie-environnement.org)
  • 6. The recipient bacterium integrates the donor bacterial fragment which then gives it new properties (virulence, antibiotic resistance, etc. (encyclopedie-environnement.org)
  • The acquisition of new antibiotic resistance may be linked to mutations (see Genetic Polymorphism and Variation ) affecting the properties or level of expression of resistance genes. (encyclopedie-environnement.org)
  • Evidence for wastewaters as environments where mobile antibiotic resistance genes emerge. (janusinfo.se)
  • Gut microbial communities represent one source of human genetic and metabolic diversity. (nih.gov)
  • Relationships found between microbial taxonomic groups and carbon metabolic genes support the interpretation that exotic plants change microbial carbon cycling by altering the soil microclimate and supplying easily decomposed high-quality litter. (nature.com)
  • The progressive gene markers were distributed in metabolic pathways including amino acid and sulfur metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This unique dataset permits novel studies of the human digestive tract within a large number of subjects, allows for comparisons of microbial communities between habitats, and enables the definition of distinct metabolic niches within and among individuals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Yet, it is genomic characteristics that may indicate growth rates and population dynamics of organisms in that community. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • In addition, populations of living organisms evolve over time. (sciforums.com)
  • Gary Andersen, Todd DeSantis, and their colleagues at Berkeley Lab have invented a fast DNA microarray (PhyloChip) that is unique in its ability to identify multiple bacterial and archaeal organisms from complex microbial samples. (ideaconnection.com)
  • We need quantitative studies on the bacterial presence in the brain," says Allen. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • A wide range of bacterial loads was found. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To bridge this gap, we have created and experimentally validated a scalable, computationally-efficient, agent-based model of bacterial chemotaxis and quorum sensing (QS) which robustly simulates the stochastic behavior of each cell across a wide range of bacterial populations, ranging from a few to several hundred cells. (vt.edu)
  • Here, we explored the bacterial communities of I. ricinus across its developmental stages and six geographic locations by the 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, combined with quantification of the bacterial load. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The bacterial communities of ticks were associated with geographical location rather than life stage, and differences in Rickettsia abundance determined this association. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our results show that the microbiome of I. ricinus is highly variable, but changes gradually and ticks originating from geographically close forest sites express similar bacterial communities. (biomedcentral.com)
  • FEMSmicroBlog: What shapes genomic traits in microbial communities? (fems-microbiology.org)
  • Much of this information has been derived from isolated bacteria and less is known about how these traits are distributed among microbial communities. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • On the other hand, a metagenomic approach allows to access to knowledge of a broader range, and to be more representative of the microbial communities. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • Design We first developed and validated a workflow-including extraction of microbial communities, two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), and LC-MS/MS-to discover protein signals from CD-associated gut microbial communities. (bmj.com)
  • Significant gaps in our understanding of how global change drivers interact to affect the resistance and functioning of microbial communities hinders our ability to model ecosystem responses and feedbacks to co-occurring global stressors. (nature.com)
  • The Microbiome Modeling Toolbox: from microbial interactions to personalized microbial communities. (cdc.gov)
  • Using the predicted average rRNA operon copy number of the communities at each life stage, we showed how the skin bacterial communities undergo a successional pattern whereby 'fast-growing' (copiotroph) generalist bacteria dominate first before 'slow-growing' (oligotroph) specialized bacteria take over. (datadryad.org)
  • Our study highlights how host-associated bacterial community assembly is tightly coupled to host development and that host-associated communities demonstrate successional patterns akin to those observed in free-living bacteria as well as macrofaunal communities. (datadryad.org)
  • Our data indicate that normal and inflamed skin harbor distinct phageomes and suggest a causative relationship between changing viral and bacterial communities as a driver of skin pathology. (microbial-ecology.net)
  • Effects of sulfate reduction on trichloroethene dechlorination by Dehalococcoides-containing microbial communities. (nih.gov)
  • This study aimed to identify and evaluate potential progressive fecal microbiota gene markers for diagnosing advanced adenoma (AA) and CRC. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study reports the successful diagnosis model establishment and cross-region validation for colorectal advanced adenoma and carcinoma based on the progressive gut microbiota gene markers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The colonic microbiome view is controversial, some people Metagenomics of the Human Intes- is the most diverse and also the best consider the gut microbiota to be tinal Tract (MetaHIT) consortium re- characterized microbial community. (who.int)
  • The recent success gut microbial genes, obtained after has fantastic potential, it has only of faecal microbiota transplantation, sequencing whole faecal microbiota been about 10 years since the sci- especially in the context of Clostridi- metagenomes from 124 European indi- entific community first realized its im- um difficile infection, argues for such viduals [4]. (who.int)
  • Under healthy conditions, the in- nomes obtained from individuals crobiota resembles the mother's skin testinal microbiota is considered to on three continents, including 760 microbial community, composed of be a stable community, influenced samples from Europe. (who.int)
  • Because it can be applied to environmental samples, the approach we present is broadly applicable to measuring population growth, mortality, and associated biogeochemical process rates of microbial taxa for a wide range of ecosystems and can help reveal how individual microbial populations drive biogeochemical fluxes. (osti.gov)
  • Pete Chuckran explains for the #FEMSmicroBlog how understanding bacterial genomic features helps us comprehend the interplays in ecosystems. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • Additionally, microbial heterotrophic respiration is one of the largest avenues of C loss from ecosystems [ 21 ]. (nature.com)
  • It also facilitates cooperative interactions between different sub-populations via specialization in costly activities such as virulence factor production and through metabolite exchanges, forming an extended basis for sociality. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • We incorporate diverse approaches in experimental evolution, mathematics, systems microbiology, engineering and instrumentation to understand how interactions between cells shape bacterial community behaviours, the value of environmental sensing and phenotypic variation in fluctuating environments, and how phenotypes broadly respond to mutation. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • The bacterial pathogen most is an important public health issue. (who.int)
  • Barrier agains t pathogen s gut bacterial genes in the MetaHIT ation when attempting to extrapolate [10], although Proteobacteria, Ver- catalogue were also well represent- results obtained in mouse models to rucomicrobia, and Fusobacteria are ed in the other metagenomes that the situation in humans. (who.int)
  • Shared features of the functional maturation of the gut microbiome were identified during the first three years of life in all three populations, including age-associated changes in the genes involved in vitamin biosynthesis and metabolism. (nih.gov)
  • To understand the relationship between our bacterial microbiome and health, it is essential to define the microbiome in the absence of disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The bacterial microbiome of the human digestive tract contributes to both health and disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, the inability to measure population-specific rates, such as growth, for microbial taxa within natural assemblages has limited ecologists' understanding of how microbial populations interact to regulate ecosystem processes. (osti.gov)
  • Linking bacterial identities and ecosystem processes: can 'omic' analyses be more than the sum of their parts? (research.com)
  • Whereas their clonal populations are genetically identical, they contain phenotypically distinct individuals. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • In particular, he is interested in deciphering bacterial responses towards antibiotics that are enabled by phenotypic heterogeneity in otherwise clonal populations. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • Pronounced differences in bacterial assemblages and functional gene repertoires were noted between US residents and those in the other two countries. (nih.gov)
  • The Giardia lamblia vsp gene repertoire: characteristics, genomic organization, and evolution. (mbl.edu)
  • Spatial transcriptomics of planktonic and sessile bacterial populations at single-cell resolution. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • The genes responsible for the biofilm formation are quantified by comparing the planktonic and biofilm samples. (ukessays.com)
  • The planktonic cells grow very rapidly whereas the bacterial adhering takes some time to form biofilm in other case. (ukessays.com)
  • The results from the planktonic and biofilm gene expression results are compared. (ukessays.com)
  • Here we explore the feasibility of extracting bacterial protein signals relevant to CD, by interrogating myriads of intestinal bacterial proteomes from a small number of patients and healthy controls. (bmj.com)
  • Results Our 2D-DIGE-based discovery approach revealed an imbalance of intestinal bacterial functions in CD. (bmj.com)
  • Manifold studies link IBD with antigen-sensing and intestinal innate immunity genes such as NOD2 and ATG16L1 [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 90% population coverage with greater diversity in the blood isolate library. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Since the estimated size of the cultivable bacterial population ranges between 0.1 and 1%, limited information about the population diversity is available. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • Microbial alpha diversity of heterospecific hosts was highest in the Mediterranean forest bioclimatic zone, followed by the Irano-Turanian shrubland, and was lowest in the Sudanian savanna tropical zone. (microbial-ecology.net)
  • However, diversity decreased in conspecific host populations found at lower altitudes in Sudanian bioclimatic zone. (microbial-ecology.net)
  • However, sampled locations cluster based on the phylogenetic diversity of Mesorhizobium populations, and diversity clusters correspond to edaphic and environmental factors, primarily soil type and latitude. (cgiar.org)
  • In 2014, the MetaHIT consortium by bacteria of the genera Lacto- alytical method used: 66 from 16S published an integrated catalogue bacillus , Prevotella , and Sneathia , rDNA sequencing [11] or 57 from of 10 million bacterial genes de- whereas for infants delivered by whole-metagenome sequencing [5]. (who.int)
  • After a lot of data processing, we ended up with 64 different bacterial genera to study. (lu.se)
  • Due to the isolation and small population size of host-associated bacteria, deletion events are more likely to become fixed than in free-living populations. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • His Microbial population biology research incorporates elements of Isolation, Microbiology, Environmental chemistry, Carbon dioxide and Bacterial dna. (research.com)
  • 12 Bicarbonate is a product of CO 2 hydration (CO 2 +H 2 O↔HCO 3 − +H + ), where the source of CO 2 can be a byproduct of bacterial metabolism or of the immediate environment. (nature.com)
  • However, they appear to have an important role in controlling microbial overgrowth, reducing the number of bacteria in the dental biofilm, decreasing colonization and modifying bacterial metabolism. (bvsalud.org)
  • With a minimalist model of metabolism, cell growth and transcriptional regulation in a microorganism, we explore how the interaction between environmental conditions and gene regulation set the growth rate of cells in the phase of exponential growth. (lu.se)
  • A very natural place to study gene detecting and metabolizing lactose, it is known that the overall regulation is in the metabolism of the cell, and then specifically in effect of expressing the lac genes in vain is a drop in the growth rate the regulation of genes that code for enzymes and transporter of as much as 5% [1,6]. (lu.se)
  • Tobias Bergmiller's research focuses on elucidating the behaviour of individual bacterial cells towards environmental perturbations and stress. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • By applying this model to phylogenetic marker sequencing data collected from stable-isotope probing studies, we estimate rates of growth, mortality, and turnover for individual microbial populations within soil assemblages. (osti.gov)
  • To address the causes of UNEX cases, we examined 59 specimens from 46 cases by using broad-range bacterial 16S rDNA PCR and phylogenetic analysis of amplified sequences. (cdc.gov)
  • Based on the results of phylogenetic similarity of 16SrDNA gene sequences, strain DB17 was identified to be Pseudomonas putida. (omicsonline.org)
  • Phylogenetic affiliations of mesopelagic acantharia and acantharian-like environmental 18S rRNA genes off the southern California coast. (mbl.edu)
  • Moreover, although the abundance of most protein groups reflected that of related bacterial populations, we found a specific independent regulation of bacteria-derived cell envelope proteins. (bmj.com)
  • His Carbon dioxide research integrates issues from Abundance, Functional genes and Soil microbiology. (research.com)
  • The matrix consists of exopolysaccharides, produced by enzymes encoded by the 15-gene epsA-O operon (henceforth eps ), and amyloid-like fibres, specified by the tapA-sipW-tasA operon (henceforth tapA ). (nature.com)
  • Horizontal gene transfer and recombination go hand in hand. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • By enhancing both the rate and scope of horizontal gene transfer and recombination, GM has also increased the chance of generating new disease-causing viruses and bacteria [1, 2]. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • These exchanges take place through horizontal gene transfer mechanisms [2] (conjugation, transformation, transduction, transposition ) (Figures 2 and 3). (encyclopedie-environnement.org)
  • When summed across the entire bacterial community, our taxon-specific estimates are within the range of other whole-assemblage measurements of bacterial turnover. (osti.gov)
  • We wanted to use an unbiased method to obtain the fullest overview possible of the entire bacterial population in the Alzheimer's brain, and compare these results with those from a healthy aged brain. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Detection of a methylcarbamate degradation gene in agricultur al soils using PCR amplification of bacterial community DNA. (cdc.gov)
  • The carbamate insecticide carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benofurayl-N-methylcarbamate) is biodegraded by a methylcarbamate hydrolase enzyme encoded by a methylcarbamate degradation (mcd) gene cloned from Achromobacter sp. (cdc.gov)
  • At the start of the method for direct bacterial detection from clinical specimens project, the surveillance population base was 7.7 million. (cdc.gov)
  • 24. Yet another alarming signal was China's detection last year, in animal and human samples, of a mechanism of drug resistance, involving the mcr-1 gene, that is easily transferred from one bacterial strain to others, including some with epidemic potential. (who.int)
  • The calcite-dependent patterns provide resistance to environmental insults and increase the overall fitness of the microbial community. (nature.com)
  • My research spans elements of microbial systems biology, evolutionary biology cybergenetics, antimicrobial resistance, and engineering. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • This diagram presents the main bacterial targets of antibiotics and the primary mechanisms of bacterial resistance to antibiotics. (encyclopedie-environnement.org)
  • Figure 1 schematically presents the targets of antibiotics and the mechanisms of bacterial resistance to these molecules. (encyclopedie-environnement.org)
  • It may also be the consequence of the acquisition of new resistance genes. (encyclopedie-environnement.org)
  • Antimicrobial resistance occurs through different mechanisms, which include spontaneous (natural) genetic mutations and horizontal transfer of resistant genes through deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (who.int)
  • This report presents the status of AMR in Africa by analysing the main types of resistance and the underlying genes where possible. (who.int)
  • We combined measurements of bulk microbial and soil properties with high-throughput microbial community analyses to elucidate microbial responses and microbial-mediated alterations to carbon cycling. (nature.com)
  • Bacteria sense these microenvironments and adapt by up or down regulating the expression of certain genes to influence different cell processes. (the-scientist.com)
  • As a proof-of-concept application, we couple the expression of this gas reporter to the conjugative transfer of a bacterial plasmid in a soil matrix and show that gas released from the matrix displays a strong correlation with the number of transconjugant bacteria that formed. (msu.edu)
  • It is estimated that 80% of all (and likely 100% of chronic) infections are biofilm related as biofilm formation is the preferred bacterial life style. (blogspot.com)
  • Phyla initially identified from environmental samples were detected throughout this population, primarily TM7, SR1, and Synergistetes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There are permanent exchanges between bacterial flora in environmental, animal or human reservoirs. (encyclopedie-environnement.org)
  • Preferences for medicines with different environmental impact - a Swedish population-based study. (janusinfo.se)
  • Subinhibitory concentrations of tetracycline affect virulence gene expression in a multi-resistant Salmonella enterica subsp. (mcmaster.ca)
  • Traditional visual reporters of gene expression have only very limited use in soils because their outputs are challenging to detect through the soil matrix. (msu.edu)
  • Although Anthony van Leeuwenhoek, who discovered microbial attachment to his own tooth surface, is credited with the discovery of biofilm nearly 40 years ago, one of the major breakthroughs happened when Dr. G.D. Ehrlich confirmed the hypothesis in 2006, that indeed chronic middle-ear disorders are 'chronic' biofilm related and don't recur due to new infections. (blogspot.com)
  • In 1952, Colonel Ogden Bruton noted the absence of immunoglobulins (Ig) in a boy with a history of pneumonia and other bacterial sinopulmonary infections. (medscape.com)
  • As Bruton originally described, XLA manifests as pneumonia and other bacterial sinopulmonary infections in 80% of cases. (medscape.com)
  • This undermines the effectiveness of the available treatment options and thus contributes to the persistence of microbial infections. (who.int)
  • This conference will bring together researchers from the plant and the microbial side and will include the areas of plant pathology, mycology, bacteriology, aerobiology, micro-meteorology, biological control, plant physiology, biochemistry, anatomy, and microbial and plant molecular biology. (bio.net)
  • However, broad-range bacterial rDNA PCR has not pre- study design was a prospective case series obtained by viously been applied in a systematic manner for the diagnosis enhanced passive surveillance. (cdc.gov)
  • Conclusions This study provides the first evidence that quantifiable bacterial protein signals are associated with CD, which can have a profound impact on future molecular diagnosis. (bmj.com)
  • Summary: A new study published in Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience provides new evidence that bacterial infection and inflammation could contribute to Alzheimer's disease. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • This severely restricts our ability to study time-dependent microbial gene expression in one of the Earth's largest, most complex habitats. (msu.edu)
  • His study focuses on the intersection of Microbial population biology and fields such as Clostridium with connections in the field of Community structure. (research.com)
  • A novel bacterial marker m3 for the non-invasive diagnosis of colorectal adenoma has been identified and evaluated [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • using single-copy marker genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Analytical method was developed and validated for the determination of profenofos and λ-cyhalothrin in bacterial medium to monitor the intended biodegradation of both compounds. (omicsonline.org)
  • His Microbiology research is multidisciplinary, relying on both 16S ribosomal RNA and Microbial population biology. (research.com)
  • Weinberger and his collaborators found that noisy gene expression is a major factor controlling the virus's switch from active to latent, which allows it to hedge its bets. (quantamagazine.org)
  • Higher peaks and more seasonally variable microbial activity were found under exotic plants and, like drought periods, the microbial community shifted towards osmotic stress life-strategies. (nature.com)
  • Will Ratcliff , an evolutionary biologist at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, and his colleagues have now found that a bacterial weapon called the type VI secretory system (T6SS) might help stabilise cooperation. (newscientist.com)
  • A web site with conference details and registration information is available on line at http://nature.berkeley.edu/P2000 or contact Steven Lindow, University of California, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, 111 Koshland Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102. (bio.net)
  • The recruitment criteria included a set of objective, composite measurements performed by healthcare professionals [ 10 ], defining this reference population and enabling this investigation to focus on defining the integrated oral, oropharyngeal, and gut microbiomes in the absence of host disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It allows bacteria to exclude more distantly related forms that might freeload on their secretions, but cheats that arise within a strain by losing a gene for a secreted product would still have the normal T6SS armaments. (newscientist.com)