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Enterovirus D, HumanPoliovirusEnterovirusEnterovirus InfectionsEnterovirus A, HumanEnterovirus B, HumanPoliovirus Vaccine, OralPoliovirus Vaccine, InactivatedPoliomyelitisPoliovirus VaccinesEnteroviruses, PorcineHand, Foot and Mouth DiseaseEnterovirus, BovineEchovirus InfectionsRNA, ViralSewageMeningitis, AsepticHerpanginaMeningitis, ViralHeLa CellsCoxsackievirus InfectionsCapsid ProteinsRhinovirusVirus CultivationPicornaviridaeWater MicrobiologyMolecular Sequence DataParalysisCapsidReceptors, VirusViral ProteinsVirus ReplicationGenome, ViralEchovirus 9Virology5' Untranslated RegionsAntibodies, ViralCysteine EndopeptidasesFecesBase SequencePhylogenyPicornaviridae Infections
PicornaviridaeVirusesSerotypesRhinovirusesPolioInfectionsRhinovirusInactivated poliovirus vaccinePoliomyelitisPathogensEchovirusCenters for DiseasImportance of enterovirus surveillanceNational Enterovirus Surveillance SystemEV71Genome2022SurveillanceInfectionInfectCoxsackievirus A16VaccinesVaccinationVaccineStrainsType 2 poliovirusesTransmission of poliovirusContainment of poliovirusesSyndromesOutbreaksPost-eradicationCell culture isolatesLaboratory2019HepatitisEradicationAseptic meningitisNPEVDetectionSerotypeDiseaseSpeciesDiseasesSpecimensIncubationStoolInfectiousFree of indigenousImportationAcute flaccid myelitisGastrointestinalAntibodiesFamilyReplicate
Picornaviridae8
Viruses34
  • Enteroviruses are common human viruses associated with various clinical syndromes, from minor febrile illness to severe, potentially fatal conditions (e.g., aseptic meningitis, paralysis, myocarditis, and neonatal enteroviral sepsis). (cdc.gov)
  • The human enteroviruses are ubiquitous viruses that are transmitted from person to person via direct contact with virus shed from the gastrointestinal or upper respiratory tract. (medscape.com)
  • The nonpolio viruses (group A and B coxsackieviruses, echoviruses, enteroviruses) are responsible for a wide spectrum of diseases in persons of all ages, although infection and illness occur most commonly in infants. (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] In Karachi, enteric viruses were commonly found, with human enteroviruses documented in 43% of tap water samples. (medscape.com)
  • Human Viruses: Diseases, Treatments and Vaccines: The New Insights. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other enteroviruses are the Coxsackie A and B viruses (CVA and CVB) and the echoviruses (ECHO: enteric cytopathic human orphan). (dermnetnz.org)
  • A combined nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swab and cerebrospinal fluid sample were negative by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing for enteroviruses and human parechovirus, as well as for a panel of common respiratory pathogens and encephalitic viruses by molecular methods ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The human enteroviruses include poliovirus, Coxsackie A and Coxsackie B viruses, enterocytopathic human orphan (ECHO) viruses and other enteroviruses. (norgenbiotek.com)
  • Human Coronaviruses and Other Respiratory Viruses: Underestimated Opportunistic Pathogens of the Central Nervous System? (mdpi.com)
  • Respiratory viruses infect the human upper respiratory tract, mostly causing mild diseases. (mdpi.com)
  • Researchers have found a human immune system 'tripwire' that detects various viruses, including SARS-Cov-2, which cause Covid-19. (daijiworld.com)
  • In a version of CARD8, we found that some humans have lost the ability to sense coronavirus infections based on a single genetic difference but have gained the ability to sense viruses in a different family, the enteroviruses -- which includes rhinovirus (common cold) and poliovirus," said Matt Daugherty, Associate Professor in the Department of Molecular Biology at the University of Washington. (daijiworld.com)
  • So that means it's an evolutionary tradeoff and CARD8 diversity in humans impacts which viruses can be sensed and which ones cannot. (daijiworld.com)
  • The coxsackieviruses belong to the genus enterovirus in the family of viruses known as Picornaviradae. (rdhmag.com)
  • It provides reference diagnostics, molecular typing and surveillance of clinically relevant human polio virus, non-polio enterovirus, hepatitis A viruses, rotavirus, norovirus and other human gastroenteritis virus infections in Canada. (canada.ca)
  • Enteroviruses (including non-polio enteroviruses such as coxsackie and echo viruses) commonly cause diseases such as cardiomyopathy, hand-foot-and-mouth disease, and aseptic meningitis. (canada.ca)
  • and human parechoviruses, are a genus of picornaviruses ( pico , or small, RNA viruses). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Neonatal infection Enteroviruses, along with rhinoviruses (see Common Cold) and human parechoviruses, are a genus of picornaviruses ( pico , or small, RNA viruses). (msdmanuals.com)
  • In older children and adults, other enteroviruses as well as other viruses may cause aseptic meningitis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Although this method can identify polioviruses, laboratories must switch to culture-independent methods to reduce the risk associated with growing live viruses in a soon-to-be polio-free world. (cdc.gov)
  • Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Infections Herpes simplex viruses (human herpesviruses types 1 and 2) commonly cause recurrent infection affecting the skin, mouth, lips, eyes, and genitals. (merckmanuals.com)
  • These orphan viruses were initially termed ECHO, an acronym for enteric cytopathic human orphan virus, which was later simplified to echovirus. (medscape.com)
  • The nasopharyngeal swab tested negative for influenza, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza viruses 1-3 and rhinovirus. (who.int)
  • Like all other positive-strand RNA viruses, genome replication of enteroviruses occurs on rearranged membranous structures called replication organelles (ROs). (uu.nl)
  • ACBD3 knockout impaired replication of representative viruses from four enterovirus species and two rhinovirus species. (uu.nl)
  • Altogether, our data provide new insight into the central role of ACBD3 in recruiting PI4KB by enterovirus 3A and reveal the minimal domains of ACBD3 involved in recruiting PI4KB and supporting enterovirus replication.IMPORTANCE Similar to all other positive-strand RNA viruses, enteroviruses reorganize host cellular membranes for efficient genome replication. (uu.nl)
  • Poliovirus is one of the smallest viruses. (microbeonline.com)
  • Viruses in the picornavirus-like supercluster include important classical and growing human being and animal pathogens. (monossabios.com)
  • The importance of these RNA viruses as human being and animal pathogens and the lack of antiviral medicines make it imperative to develop therapeutics against these viruses. (monossabios.com)
  • Enteroviruses are a group of viruses that include the polioviruses (viruses that cause polio) along with other types of viruses called coxsackieviruses and echoviruses. (medicationjunction.com)
  • Rhinoviruses (viruses that cause the common cold) are the most common viruses infecting humans. (medicationjunction.com)
  • Other viruses are Polioviruses, echoviruses and coxsackieviruses, small viruses known as Enteroviruses that live in the intestines of infected humans or animals after ingested. (davidwater.com)
  • The other important viruses of this group are JC virus (associated with neurological degeneration), BX virus (which suppresses immune system of humans), K virus of mice, etc. (biologydiscussion.com)
  • Polio viruses are enteroviruses that live exclusively in the gastrointestinal tract of humans. (bund.de)
Serotypes7
Rhinoviruses3
  • The enterovirus genus of the picornavirus family includes a large number of important human pathogens such as poliovirus, coxsackievirus, enterovirus A71, and rhinoviruses. (uu.nl)
  • Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) are a highly prevalent cause of acute respiratory infection in children. (plos.org)
  • Increase in Acute Respiratory Illnesses Among Children and Adolescents Associated with Rhinoviruses and Enteroviruses, Including Enterovirus D68 - United States, July-September 2022. (childrensmercy.org)
Polio19
  • The last U.S. case of polio caused by wild poliovirus occurred in 1979, and the World Health Organization Region of the Americas was declared polio-free in 1994. (cdc.gov)
  • The occurrence of this case, combined with the identification of poliovirus in wastewater in neighboring Orange County, underscores the importance of maintaining high vaccination coverage to prevent paralytic polio in persons of all ages. (cdc.gov)
  • The invited scientists reviewed the pathfinding role of PV in virology, evaluated the progress made in eradicating this devastating human pathogen and discussed strategies to achieve the goal of a polio-free world. (springer.com)
  • The late president Franklin D. Roosevelt had been memorialized as a polio victim who was infected with the deadly poliovirus near the beautiful and remote island of Campobello. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • The Polio and Enterovirus Section is accredited as a PAHO/WHO Polio Regional Reference Laboratory and member of the WHO global polio laboratory network. (canada.ca)
  • The section types isolates of non-polio enterovirus in order to ensure Canada's polio free status and to carry out surveillance on emerging enterovirus infections of concern such as EV-71. (canada.ca)
  • As a key component of Canada's polio and acute flaccid paralysis surveillance program, to support of the global polio eradication program, the section is responsible for poliovirus typing and molecular intratypic identification to distinguish wild polio strains from vaccine or vaccine-derived strains. (canada.ca)
  • IMPORTANCE Successfully identifying poliovirus from acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases is a vital role of the Global Polio Laboratory Network to achieve the goals of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative. (cdc.gov)
  • By implementing this streamlined method, in combination with real-time RT-PCR, laboratories can quickly screen for and type polioviruses of programmatic importance to support the final stages of global polio eradication. (cdc.gov)
  • Non-Polio Enterovirus Disease What is Non-Polio Enterovirus Disease? (medicationjunction.com)
  • Polio is a type C human enterovirus (HEVC). (healthfreedomohio.org)
  • Exposure to an enterovirus is not uncommon and in most cases, like with polio, it's a benign presence. (healthfreedomohio.org)
  • The OPV is a live virus vaccine and according to the WHO over 90% of paralytic polio cases have been due to circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses. (healthfreedomohio.org)
  • what they really mean is the cases of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) are stool testing negative for "polio" enterovirus. (healthfreedomohio.org)
  • It does not mean that people are no longer experiencing acute onset paralysis or that the polio enterovirus is actually gone from the environment. (healthfreedomohio.org)
  • One of the problems with eradicating a virus like polio is that it has a high probability to recombine with other co-circulating enterovirus strains. (healthfreedomohio.org)
  • In 2015, with the Global Action Plan III (GAP III) the WHO defined a strategy to minimize poliovirus facility-associated risk after type-specific eradication of wild polioviruses (WPV) and sequential cessation of routine OPV (oral polio vaccine) use. (biosafety.be)
  • One case of polio was recorded back in July, and the virus has been detected in wastewater across several counties in New York, but the Enterovirus which causes EV-D68 and the virus associated with polio are unrelated. (fortheloveofnews.com)
  • Having a polio vaccine may help reduce the risk of AFM related to the poliovirus. (medlineplus.gov)
Infections11
  • CI = 0--0.4) than infections with other enteroviruses. (cdc.gov)
  • NESS data allowed identification and description of a core group of consistently circulating enteroviruses that probably determine the disease burden associated with enterovirus infections. (cdc.gov)
  • Enteroviral infections cover a wide range of illnesses that are caused by enteroviruses (EVs). (dermnetnz.org)
  • Members of the human herpesvirus (HHV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) families cause the most common primary viral infections of the oral cavity. (medscape.com)
  • Nonetheless, many other viral infections can affect the oral cavity in humans, either as localized or systemic infections. (medscape.com)
  • It is tempting to speculate that diminished CARD8 inflammasome activation may be a contributing factor to variation in Covid-19 disease outcomes, and more generally for other human pathogenic coronavirus and picornavirus infections," the researchers said. (daijiworld.com)
  • Enterovirus infections can result in a wide variety of disease syndromes. (rdhmag.com)
  • Most often, enterovirus infections are subclinical or present as mild, upper respiratory-tract symptoms. (rdhmag.com)
  • Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infection Cytomegalovirus (CMV, human herpesvirus type 5) can cause infections that have a wide range of severity. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Human infections with enteroviruses such as coxsackievirus A (CVA) are generally mild, but severe complications were more often reported for infections caused by enterovirus 71 (EV71) ( 1 , 2 ). (blogspot.com)
  • Meningitis is the leading infectious syndrome that affects the central nervous system, and most cases are caused by viral infections, mainly enterovirus. (bvsalud.org)
Rhinovirus1
  • Prototype strains are also reported for the different HEV and human rhinovirus (HRV) species. (cdc.gov)
Inactivated poliovirus vaccine2
  • These revised recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) replace recommendations on poliomyelitis issued in 1982 and 1987, and present a new ACIP poliovirus vaccination policy that increases reliance on inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV). (cdc.gov)
  • Since 1988, an enhanced-potency inactivated poliovirus vaccine has been available in the United States. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Poliomyelitis15
  • Just over hundred years ago, Karl Landsteiner and Erwin Popper identified a virus, later termed poliovirus, as the causative agent of poliomyelitis. (springer.com)
  • In 1909, Landsteiner and Popper reported the identification of a virus, subsequently called poliovirus (PV), as the causative agent of poliomyelitis [ 20 ]. (springer.com)
  • Poliomyelitis Poliomyelitis is an acute infection caused by a poliovirus (an enterovirus). (merckmanuals.com)
  • Enterovirus C105 (EV-C105) is a member of the human enterovirus group C species and was first identified in the Democratic Republic of Congo in late 2010 in a faecal sample collected from a fatal acute flaccid paralysis patient during a poliomyelitis outbreak. (who.int)
  • Poliovirus is the etiologic agent of the paralytic disease known as poliomyelitis. (microbeonline.com)
  • Collecting at least two stool specimens 24 hours apart from suspected poliomyelitis patients is recommended to increase the probability of isolating poliovirus. (microbeonline.com)
  • In particular, the relative benefits of OPV to the U.S. population have diminished because of the elimination of wild-virus-associated poliomyelitis in the Western Hemisphere and the reduced threat of poliovirus importation into the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • Since the introduction of poliovirus vaccines in the 1950s and 1960s, poliomyelitis control has been achieved in the United States, the Americas, and elsewhere (1,2). (cdc.gov)
  • In the United States, the last indigenously acquired cases of poliomyelitis caused by wild poliovirus were detected in 1979 (3). (cdc.gov)
  • In 1985, the countries of the Americas established a goal of regional elimination of wild poliovirus by the year 1990 (4), and in 1988, the World Health Assembly adopted the goal of global poliomyelitis eradication by the year 2000 (5). (cdc.gov)
  • In the Americas, the last case of poliomyelitis associated with isolation of wild poliovirus was detected in Peru in 1991 (6). (cdc.gov)
  • The United States can remain free of poliomyelitis only by reducing or eliminating the risk for poliovirus importation. (cdc.gov)
  • After certification of eradication of all types of WPV and oral poliomyelitis vaccination (OPV) cessation, facilities that will continue to handle poliovirus materials represent the most significant threat to maintaining global eradication. (biosafety.be)
  • (See also Chap. 148 ) After a peak of 57,879 cases of poliomyelitis in the United States in 1952, the introduction of IPV in 1955 and of OPV in 1961 ultimately eradicated disease due to wild-type poliovirus in the Western Hemisphere. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • The occurrence of outbreaks of poliomyelitis due to circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus of all three types has been increasing, especially in areas with low vaccination rates. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Pathogens3
  • A Monitoring for human pathogens in sewage Monitoring of human pathogens in sewage is possible because they may be excreted in a range of bodily fluids, skin, and hair during active infection (Feachem et al. (scienceopen.com)
  • Enterovirus type 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A 16 (CA16) are the major pathogens of human hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). (omicsdi.org)
  • The adenoviruses are common pathogens of humans and animals. (biologydiscussion.com)
Echovirus1
  • Human parechoviruses types 1 and 2 are picornaviruses that were previously named echovirus 22 and 23. (msdmanuals.com)
Centers for Diseas2
  • The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. (cdc.gov)
  • Disclaimer: The use of the drug names is for informational purposes only, and does not imply endorsement or criticism of the product or manufacturer by the U.S. Government, the Department of Health and Human Services, or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
Importance of enterovirus surveillance1
  • This highlights the importance of enterovirus surveillance for detection of the importation of new genotypes such as EV-C105, thus allowing a better understanding of the roles they play in disease. (who.int)
National Enterovirus Surveillance System2
  • The National Enterovirus Surveillance System (NESS) is a voluntary, passive surveillance system that has monitored trends in circulating enteroviruses since 1961. (cdc.gov)
  • Here we report on the identification of EV-C105 for the first time in New Zealand from a patient with mild lower respiratory tract symptoms during an admission to a hospital in Auckland through the national enterovirus surveillance system. (who.int)
EV7110
  • Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the key pathogen for Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) and can result in severe neurological complications and death among young children. (omicsdi.org)
  • However, the potential immunization-related compatibility for different enterovirus vaccines remains unclear, making it hard to include the EV71 vaccine in Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI). (omicsdi.org)
  • Here, we measured the neutralizing antibodies (NTAbs) against EV71, Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) and Poliovirus from infants enrolled in those EV71 vaccine clinical trials. (omicsdi.org)
  • The decrease of 3 types of Poliovirus NTAb GMTs and an increase of CA16 GMTs post-EV71-vaccination were found in vaccine and placebo groups. (omicsdi.org)
  • Further animal study on CA16 and poliovirus vaccine co-immunization or pre-immunization with EV71 vaccine in mice indicated that there was no NTAb cross-activity between EV71 and CA16/Poliovirus. (omicsdi.org)
  • Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a major causative agent of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), associated with severe manifestations of the disease. (omicsdi.org)
  • We analyzed a time series of HFMD cases attributable to EV71, coxsackievirus A16 (CA16), and other enteroviruses in Chengdu, a major transmission center in China, to assess early impacts of immunization. (omicsdi.org)
  • Taken jointly these results first of all characterized the anti-EV71 antibody replies which are mostly against VP1 epitopes predicated on common enterovirus cross-reactive series. (healthyguide.info)
  • Along with individual coxsackievirus (A2-8 A10 A12 A14 and A16) EV71 is certainly classified in to the types individual enterovirus A which is certainly made up of most causative agencies responsible for hands foot and mouth area disease (HFMD) predicated on its genome series1 2 EV71 and CA16 are main etiological agencies for HFMD an exanthematous and self-limited febrile disease. (healthyguide.info)
  • Within this research we portrayed the EV71 capsid protein and some BMN-673 8R,9S truncated VP1 protein to systematically analyze the web host antibody response to these protein and confirmed that individual anti-EV71 antibody replies are mostly turned on in response to VP1 especially to epitopes predicated on the normal enterovirus cross-reactive series. (healthyguide.info)
Genome4
  • Genome Sequences of 16 Enterovirus Isolates from Environmental Sewage in Guatemala, 2019 to 2021. (cdc.gov)
  • We report 16 near-complete genome sequences of enteroviruses that were isolated through environmental surveillance of wastewater in Guatemala. (cdc.gov)
  • Enterovirus genotyping was performed by partial sequencing of the VP1 region of the enterovirus genome. (who.int)
  • Almost half of the human genome is derived from exogenous genetic invaders, most of them related to retroviruses. (chk-signal.com)
20223
  • In June 2022, poliovirus was confirmed in an unvaccinated immunocompetent adult resident of New York hospitalized with flaccid lower limb weakness. (cdc.gov)
  • On July 18, 2022, the New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) notified CDC of detection of poliovirus type 2 in stool specimens from an unvaccinated immunocompetent young adult from Rockland County, New York, who was experiencing acute flaccid weakness. (cdc.gov)
  • The updated guidance " WHO Global Action Plan for Poliovirus Containment, 4th edition, 2022 (GAP IV) ", which is the chief guidance for poliovirus containment to eliminate any incident in facilities that store and/or work with polioviruses post-eradication, was endorsed by the WHO in 2022. (biosafety.be)
Surveillance7
  • Efforts to increase laboratory participation in NESS should continue to allow for more complete and accurate surveillance for enteroviruses. (cdc.gov)
  • Laboratory surveillance for poliovirus (PV) relies on virus isolation by cell culture to identify PV in stool specimens from acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases. (cdc.gov)
  • The New Zealand National Poliovirus and Enterovirus Identification Reference Laboratory at the Institute of Environmental Science and Research (ESR) Limited, National Centre for Biosecurity and Infectious Disease routinely receives untyped enterovirus clinical specimens or cell culture isolates from four major hospitals (based in Auckland, Waikato, Wellington and Christchurch) as part of the New Zealand enterovirus surveillance network. (who.int)
  • and finally (4) to supplement the national poliovirus surveillance programme. (who.int)
  • Enterovirus surveillance operates year-round and is based on reports from routine diagnostic services for patients. (who.int)
  • Early Evidence of Inactivated Enterovirus 71 Vaccine Impact Against Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in a Major Center of Ongoing Transmission in China, 2011-2018: A Longitudinal Surveillance Study. (omicsdi.org)
  • Enterovirus D68-Associated Acute Respiratory Illness - New Vaccine Surveillance Network, United States, July-October, 2017 and 2018. (childrensmercy.org)
Infection6
  • Enteroviruses infect millions of people worldwide each year, and the infection can result in a wide variety of symptoms depending on the serotype of the enterovirus. (norgenbiotek.com)
  • Central nervous system diseases, including aseptic meningitis and encephalitis, are the most commonly recognized serious manifestations of enterovirus infection. (rdhmag.com)
  • People acquire poliovirus infection from other humans through contact with virus-containing feces or contaminated water. (microbeonline.com)
  • Virus isolation from stool specimens is the most sensitive method to diagnose poliovirus infection. (microbeonline.com)
  • Enterovirus infection has also been associated with the onset of type I diabetes mellitus. (loinc.org)
  • By any rational standard, the mRNA vaccines are true vaccines in every sense of the word since they end up educating the human immune system to recognize a specific type of viral protein antigen which then causes this now educated immune system to specifically target the COVID-19 virus prior to an actual infection by the live virus. (educatetruth.com)
Infect2
  • Enteroviruses can infect all tissues of the human body. (medscape.com)
  • More than 100 serologically distinct types of adenovirus have been identified including 49 types that infect humans. (biologydiscussion.com)
Coxsackievirus A162
  • Hand, foot and mouth disease (enteroviral stomatitis ) is caused by Coxsackievirus A16 and enterovirus 71. (dermnetnz.org)
  • The compatibility of inactivated-Enterovirus 71 vaccination with Coxsackievirus A16 and Poliovirus immunizations in humans and animals. (omicsdi.org)
Vaccines3
  • Discussion also centred on the role of inactivated poliovirus vaccines in the eradication program and the maintenance of a poliovirus-free world, whenever this goal should be achieved. (springer.com)
  • There are no available vaccines or therapies for any enterovirus as of yet, but that doesn't mean that the CDC won't force one upon us soon enough. (fortheloveofnews.com)
  • These mRNA vaccines produced by Pfizer and Moderna do not alter human DNA or genetics at all - not even close. (educatetruth.com)
Vaccination4
  • all persons in the United States should stay up to date on recommended poliovirus vaccination. (cdc.gov)
  • The revised recommendations include three options for poliovirus vaccination, all of which meet acceptable standards of care: sequential vaccination with IPV followed by OPV, OPV alone, or IPV alone. (cdc.gov)
  • Up to 79% of poliovirus strains secreted after vaccination were found to be recombinants. (healthfreedomohio.org)
  • Also in 2013, wild-type poliovirus was detected in sewage in Israel, prompting a massive vaccination campaign with OPV. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Vaccine8
  • Vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 was isolated from the patient and identified from wastewater samples in two neighboring New York counties. (cdc.gov)
  • Vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (VDPV2) was detected in stool specimens obtained on days 11 and 12 after initial symptom onset. (cdc.gov)
  • This change in policy is the most substantive since the introduction of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) in 1961. (cdc.gov)
  • The Western Hemisphere was certified to be free of indigenous wild poliovirus in 1994, an accomplishment achieved by the exclusive use of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) (7). (cdc.gov)
  • Recombination is known to occur readily between the three strains of live poliovirus vaccine upon oral administration (4, 29, 31) and between vaccine and/or wild poliovirus strains (10, 13-15, 17, 27, 29). (healthfreedomohio.org)
  • Despite these achievements, the continuing circulation of WPV1 and outbreaks of vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV) present significant obstacles to overcome, before total eradication can be reached. (biosafety.be)
  • A trigger for setting a definite date for global OPV2 withdrawal will be the absence of all persistent circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses type 2 (cVDPV2) for at least six months. (biosafety.be)
  • How does the fact that there's an extra step involved in producing the vaccine's protein-based antigen(s) within the human body somehow mean that the final result isn't a true vaccine? (educatetruth.com)
Strains2
  • Phylogenetic analysis of the viral protein (VP) 4/VP2 region of the 5 enterovirus 104 (EV-104) strains belonging to the human enterovirus C (HEV-C) species (delimited by circular dotted line), along with the reference strain from Switzerland (GenBank accession no. (cdc.gov)
  • Because sequence analysis of the 5′-UTR amplicon showed that this enterovirus strain was closely related to other human enterovirus A strains, another set of consensus primers (5′-TGCCCACAYCARTGGATHAA-3′ and 5′-CCTGACCACTGNGTRTARTA-3′) specific for the viral protein 2-viral protein 3 region of human enterovirus A was used for typing. (blogspot.com)
Type 2 polioviruses1
  • To date, related Sabin-like type 2 polioviruses have been detected in wastewater* in the patient's county of residence and in neighboring Orange County up to 25 days before (from samples originally collected for SARS-CoV-2 wastewater monitoring) and 41 days after the patient's symptom onset. (cdc.gov)
Transmission of poliovirus1
  • Prospects for the eradication program were evaluated, with particular emphasis being placed on why certain countries still have not succeeding in interrupting wild-type transmission of poliovirus. (springer.com)
Containment of polioviruses1
  • WHO will release bi-weekly on its Containment of Polioviruses webpages an updated sets of keypoints regarding the containment of the Poliovirus type 2 materials and a map illustrating the reported global progress on the completion of the phase I of GAPIII. (biosafety.be)
Syndromes1
  • Enteroviruses are associated with diverse clinical syndromes ranging from minor febrile illness to severe, potentially fatal conditions (e.g., aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, paralysis, myocarditis, and neonatal enteroviral sepsis) and could be linked with the development of some chronic diseases (e.g., type 1 diabetes and dilated cardiomyopathy) ( 1,2 ). (cdc.gov)
Outbreaks1
  • This groundbreaking discovery simultaneously provided the basis for the measures that today prevent the outbreaks of the terrible epidemics caused by poliovirus. (springer.com)
Post-eradication1
  • Inactivation of poliovirus in IM and PIM is needed to prevent inadvertent re-introduction of polioviruses post-eradication. (cdc.gov)
Cell culture isolates2
  • In this study, we investigated the use of guanidine thiocyanate-based nucleic acid extraction buffers from commercially available nucleic acid extraction kits to inactivate poliovirus in cell culture isolates and stool suspensions, two common types of poliovirus IM and PIM, respectively. (cdc.gov)
  • Incubation with selected nucleic acid extraction buffers or extraction buffers supplemented with ethanol reduced the infectivity of high-titer wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1), wild poliovirus type 3 (WPV3), Sabin 1 (SL1), and Sabin 3 (SL3) cell culture isolates below the limit of detection in CCID(50) assays. (cdc.gov)
Laboratory3
  • RT-PCR and sequencing of a stool specimen by the NYSDOH laboratory identified poliovirus type 2. (cdc.gov)
  • Analyze the laboratory parameters of CSF in patients with enterovirus meningitis, and then, theirrelationship by age group. (bvsalud.org)
  • GAP III describes a biorisk management system based on 16 elements derived from CWA 15793 (Laboratory Biorisk Management, 2011), addressing areas associated with the design, operation and management for essential facilities (Annexes 2 and 3 of GAP III) and non-essential poliovirus facilities (Annex 6 of GAP III). (biosafety.be)
20191
  • Wild poliovirus type 2 (WPV2) and type 3 (WPV3) have been eradicated globally, in 2015 and 2019 respectively. (biosafety.be)
Hepatitis1
  • and human being coronavirus 229E, transmissible gastroenteritis disease (TGEV), murine hepatitis disease (MHV), bovine coronavirus (BCV), feline infectious peritonitis disease (FIPV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), in the family. (monossabios.com)
Eradication5
  • 100 years poliovirus: from discovery to eradication. (springer.com)
  • At the end of the symposium, Neal Nathanson also chaired an open discussion entitled "The Endgame of Poliovirus Eradication" with Chumakov, Kew and Tangermann on the panel. (springer.com)
  • The efforts of the Global Poliovirus Eradication Initiative (GPEI) have brought about the near elimination of poliovirus worldwide. (cdc.gov)
  • The World Health Organization has issued guidelines for the safe handling and containment of infectious materials (IM) and potentially infectious materials (PIM) following poliovirus eradication. (cdc.gov)
  • The long-term goal of GAP III was to ensure that no accidental release of poliovirus type 2 occurs after type-specific eradication. (biosafety.be)
Aseptic meningitis1
  • Meningitis is the term used to describe the Enteroviruses are responsible for approxima- inflammation of the brain meninges, and it is the tely 90% of cases of aseptic meningitis. (bvsalud.org)
NPEV1
  • Non-poliovirus enteroviruses (NPEV) are infectious agents which can determine various illness in human such as hand-foot-mouth syndrome, angina, respiratory diseases, acute or chronic heart disease, diarrhea, pancreatitis, acute hemorrhagic, and conjunctivitis. (academicjournals.org)
Detection2
Serotype2
  • Enterovirus detections by serotype with specimen type, collection date, and demographic information are reported monthly by participating laboratories to CDC, which summarizes the data and disseminates the results. (cdc.gov)
  • 3 In 2012, the virus was assigned as EV-C105 because subsequent sequencing showed that it had only 74.7% nucleotide and 82.5% amino acid identity to EV-109, thus satisfying the criteria for assignment of a new enterovirus serotype. (who.int)
Disease4
  • To celebrate 100 years of this seminal discovery, one of the first to show that a virus could cause a human disease, an international symposium was held on the 20 November 2009, in Vienna, Austria ( http://www.meduniwien.ac.at/100yearspolio ). (springer.com)
  • The two enterovirus diseases that have oral implications include hand, foot, and mouth disease and herpangina. (rdhmag.com)
  • Enteroviruses can cause human infectious disease. (cdc.gov)
  • We also statement the high-resolution X-ray cocrystal constructions of NV 3CLpro-, poliovirus 3Cpro-, and transmissible gastroenteritis disease 3CLpro- GC376 inhibitor complexes, which display the compound covalently bound to a nucleophilic Cys residue in the catalytic site of the related protease. (monossabios.com)
Species3
  • The study showed that CARD8 functions differently among various species and even varies between individuals in the human population. (daijiworld.com)
  • The findings resulted from a series of experiments across human cell lines and an analysis of CARD8 genetic variation in mammalian species. (daijiworld.com)
  • The findings provide evidence that CARD8 has evolved substantially across different species of mammals and individual humans. (daijiworld.com)
Diseases3
  • Many enteroviruses cause diseases with associated cutaneous or mucous membrane reactions. (dermnetnz.org)
  • It has been alleged that DDT causes or contributes to a wide variety of diseases of humans and animals not previously recognized as associated with any chemical. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • The diseases associated with the enteroviruses tend to occur in epidemics. (rdhmag.com)
Specimens4
  • Specimens were tested at CDC using RT-PCR ( 3 ) and sequencing, confirming the presence of poliovirus type 2 in both stool specimens. (cdc.gov)
  • Although enteroviruses are isolated in the highest titers and for the longest period of time in stool specimens, respiratory secretions may also be involved. (rdhmag.com)
  • Tissue samples of heart, lung, spleen, and rectum, and nasopharyngeal and rectal swab specimens were positive for enterovirus by virus culture in a rhabdomyosarcoma cell line. (blogspot.com)
  • Poliovirus can be detected in specimens from the throat, feces (stool), and occasionally blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). (microbeonline.com)
Incubation2
  • The incubation period for enteroviruses is usually 2-5 days. (dermnetnz.org)
  • The incubation period for enteroviruses is short, usually less than 10 days. (rdhmag.com)
Stool1
  • Enteroviruses are shed in respiratory secretions and stool and sometimes are present in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of infected patients. (msdmanuals.com)
Infectious1
  • The infectious nucleic acid of poliovirus can bypass the host range specificity provided by the viral protein-cell receptor interaction. (microbeonline.com)
Free of indigenous1
  • The Americas were certified free of indigenous wild-type poliovirus transmission in 1994, the Western Pacific Region in 2000, and the European Region in 2002. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Importation1
Acute flaccid myelitis1
Gastrointestinal2
  • most cause mild gastrointestinal and respiratory illness similar to the enteroviruses, but some types are a common cause of viral sepsis and/or meningitis in infants. (msdmanuals.com)
  • After multiplying in the gastrointestinal tract, poliovirus spreads to the regional lymph nodes and enters the bloodstream (minor / 2 0 viremia). (microbeonline.com)
Antibodies1
  • The worry has been that if antibodies are generated to this viral "spike protein" after it has had a chance to bind to human cells (post-fusion conformation), that this would give a better chance for non-neutralizing antibodies to arise (and thus provide a better chance for unwanted inflammation of ADE to develop). (educatetruth.com)
Family1
Replicate3
  • Once someone is infected, the enteroviruses implant and replicate in the alimentary tract. (dermnetnz.org)
  • The enteroviruses gain entrance to their human host via the oropharynx and then replicate in the epithelial and lymphoid cells of the intestinal tract. (rdhmag.com)
  • For example, intact poliovirus can grow only in human or primate cells, but purified poliovirus RNA can also enter and replicate in nonprimate cells. (microbeonline.com)