ProteinsPregnancy specific beta-1-glycoproteinProteinAntigenAntibodiesMultidrug resistanceGolgiTransportersBasolateral membraneStructuresEnvelopeSubunitApicalVesiclesSecretoryReceptorIntegralDouble-membraneEndogenousMDR1MitochondrionSerumEndoplasmic reticulumCellularENDOCYTOSISLeafletLysosomesCharacterizationLocalizationMoleculesGeneMolecularNucleusTypeHumanPlateletSubstancesFamilyEndosomeFusionDistinctAssemblyCell wallCriticalPrimarySurfaceDonorsComplex
Proteins15
- Both have plasma membranes and ribosomes (structures that synthesize proteins[clarification needed] and float free in cytoplasm). (wikipedia.org)
- Lipids and proteins are synthesized[clarification needed] in the ER, and carbohydrates are added to make glycoproteins. (wikipedia.org)
- Proteins with receptor sites are located on the plasma membrane, binding to specific solutes. (wikipedia.org)
- Receptor proteins are recycled back to the plasma membrane by the same vesicle. (wikipedia.org)
- The Rh blood group antigens (MIM 111700) are associated with human erythrocyte membrane proteins of approximately 30 kD, the so-called Rh30 polypeptides. (novusbio.com)
- Heterogeneously glycosylated membrane proteins of 50 and 45 kD, the Rh50 glycoproteins, are coprecipitated with the Rh30 polypeptides on immunoprecipitation with anti-Rh-specific mono- and polyclonal antibodies. (novusbio.com)
- Most plasma membrane proteins are sorted by the trans -Golgi network (TGN) in the conventional secretory pathway. (jneurosci.org)
- Members of the IgG class of immunoglobulins can be subdivided according to their biochemical features, which include their affinity for complement system proteins and their concentration in the plasma [4]. (visualscience.ru)
- The successful expression of a functional basolateral receptor in MDCK cells opens the way for the characterization of the mechanisms that control targeting and recycling of proteins to the basolateral membrane of epithelial cells. (rupress.org)
- To study the mechanism underlying this phenomenon, a series of HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins from closely related primary virus isolates of different syncytium inducing phenotypes, together with chimeras of these proteins, were tested in an envelope transcomplementation assay for their sensitivity to either antibody mediated inhibition or enhancement of HIV-1 entry. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- In the past years, several proteins were suggested to transport lipids between the leaflets of a membrane, and to potentially influence transverse lipid asymmetry and related cell properties. (hu-berlin.de)
- Moreover, lateral motility of membrane proteins was analyzed by calculating diffusion coefficients and kymograph analysis, which represented an alternative method for examining protein motility. (biomedcentral.com)
- Antiphospholipid (APL) antibodies are group of antibodies directed against epitopes on plasma proteins that are uncovered by binding of these proteins to anionic phospholipids on plasma membranes. (medscape.com)
- The separated HIV-1 proteins are elecrotransferred from gel to a nitrocellulose membrane, which is then washed, blocked (to minimize nonspecific immunoglobulin binding), and packaged. (cdc.gov)
- If antibodies to any of the major HIV-1 antigens are present in the specimen in sufficient concentration, bands corresponding to the position of one or more of the following HIV-1 proteins (p) or glycoproteins (gp) will be seen on the nitrocellulose strip: p17, p24, p31, gp41, p51, p66, gp120, gp160 (number refers to apparent molecular mass in kilodaltons). (cdc.gov)
Pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein1
- Cloning and expression of a new pregnancy-specific beta 1-glycoprotein member. (nih.gov)
Protein8
- The herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) glycoprotein N (gN/UL49.5) is a type I transmembrane protein conserved throughout the herpesvirus family. (mdpi.com)
- Thus, Axl2p is a novel membrane protein critical for selecting proper growth sites in yeast. (embl.de)
- the human version of the protein encoded by the MDR1 gene), a drug-transporter glycoprotein associated with the cell or plasma membrane (which encloses the cell's cytoplasm) with a wide variety of drug substrates. (thefutureofthings.com)
- The presence of plasma membrane multidrug resistance protein P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is favorable for tumor cells to elicit chemotherapeutic resistance. (jcancer.org)
- Mammalian cells are one of the two types of eukaryotic cells, in which contains many internal membrane bounded structures called organelles, they are separated into different groups in order to increase their efficiency at bringing out particular function, and this is called compartmentalization, however there is processes that requires different organelles working together in order to take place, such as respiration (involves the cytoplasm and mitochondria) and Protein Synthesis (Nucleus, Ribosomes). (markedbyteachers.com)
- Na+/K+ -ATPase is an integral membrane protein responsible for establishing and maintaining the electrochemical gradients of Na and K ions across the plasma membrane. (thermofisher.com)
- This protein is one of the plasma membrane components of adherens junctions. (nih.gov)
- The present study presented experimental evidence on illustrating the use of VAEM in tracking and dissecting protein dynamics, dissecting endosomal dynamics, cell structure assembly along with membrane microdomain and protein motility in intact plant cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Antigen4
- A number of laboratories have observed that membrane glycoprotein plasma cell antigen 1 (PC-1) [ ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase 1] is either overexpressed or overactive in muscle, adipose tissue, fibroblasts, and other tissues of insulin-resistant individuals, both nondiabetic and diabetic. (cnr.it)
- IgGs, the most common human immunoglobulins, represent 75% of all plasma immunoglobulins and have several functions including triggering the complement system (the proteolytic plasma enzyme cascade involved in antigen degradation in the blood). (visualscience.ru)
- CD45 is a 180-240 kD single chain type I membrane glycoprotein also known as leukocyte common antigen (LCA) and T200. (biolegend.com)
- It has been suggested that cytokine acc leukoreduction prevents transmission of cyc cumulation in plasma of platelet concenc tomegalovirus and decreases alloimmunizac trates (PC) during storage may contribute tion to human leukocyte antigen (HLA), it to development of nonchaemolytic febrile does not prevent allergic reactions. (who.int)
Antibodies8
- Rational Laboratory Diagnostics of Antiphospholipid Antibodies: Anti-Cardiolipin, Anti-β2-Glycoprotein I, Anti-Prothrombin and Anti-Annexin V Antibodies. (ncbcs.org)
- A attainable co-appearance of anticardiolipin (aCL), anti-β2-glycoprotein I (anti-β2-GPI), anti-prothrombin (aPT) and anti-annexin V (aANXV) antibodies of IgG, IgM and IgA class have been studied in 58 sufferers with SLE alone and 32 sufferers APS within the view of rational laboratory diagnostics. (ncbcs.org)
- Immunoglobulins (antibodies) are the glycoproteins involved in the immune response. (visualscience.ru)
- Modulation of primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein-mediated entry by human antibodies. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- The susceptibility of the envelope glycoprotein chimeric viruses to neutralization or enhancement of infectivity proved to be primarily determined by the configuration of the V3 loop, and the affinity of the antibodies to monomeric HIV-1 gp160 molecules, proved to be of quantitative importance only. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- The most commonly used tests to detect APL include lupus anticoagulant (LAC), anticardiolipin (ACL) antibodies, and anti-β 2 -glycoprotein I antibodies. (medscape.com)
- Per antiphospholipid syndrome diagnostic criteria, these anti-β 2 -glycoprotein I antibodies of IgG and/or IgM isotype should be present in the in plasma, in a titer greater than the 99th percentile to be considered a positive test result. (medscape.com)
- The Cambridge Biotech HIV-1 Western Blot Kit, when used as directed, will detect antibodies to HIV-1 when present in human serum or plasma. (cdc.gov)
Multidrug resistance2
- Im Mittelpunkt der vorliegenden Promotion steht der Auswärtstransport fluoreszierender (C6-NBD-) Lipid-Analoga und endogener Lipide durch das Multidrug Resistance 1 P-Glycoprotein (MDR1 Pgp), das der ATP Binding Cassette (ABC) Transporter Superfamilie angehört. (hu-berlin.de)
- This thesis focuses on outward transport of fluorescent (C6-NBD-) lipid analogs and endogenous lipids by the Multidrug Resistance 1 P-Glycoprotein (MDR1 Pgp), a member of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily. (hu-berlin.de)
Golgi3
- Glycoproteins undergo further synthesis[clarification needed] in the Golgi apparatus, becoming glycolipids. (wikipedia.org)
- As glycoproteins pass through the Golgi apparatus, most receive a mature, complex oligosaccharide. (jneurosci.org)
- These data suggest that a core N-cadherin-catenin complex assembles in the endoplasmic reticulum or Golgi compartment and is transported to the plasma membrane where linkage to the actin cytoskeleton can be established. (nebraska.edu)
Transporters5
- Ions travel across cell membranes through channels, pumps or transporters. (wikipedia.org)
- Sodium-hydrogen exchangers (Na + /H + exchangers, NHE) are ATP-independent membrane glycoprotein transporters that are involved in the regulation of intracellular pH, cell volume and the cellular response to hormones and mitogens. (tocris.com)
- The transporters mediate the simultaneous efflux of a hydrogen ion and the influx of a sodium ion across the plasma membrane, the driving force being the inwardly directed electrochemical Na + gradient. (tocris.com)
- The 2 major transporters are adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette (ABC, also referred to as P-glycoprotein) and the solute carrier (SLC) transporters. (msdmanuals.com)
- Development of human membrane transporters: Drug disposition and pharmacogenetics. (msdmanuals.com)
Basolateral membrane1
- Cysteine exits at the basolateral membrane. (medscape.com)
Structures1
- It is unclear how unconventional secretion interplays with conventional secretion for the normal maintenance and renewal of membrane structures. (jneurosci.org)
Envelope4
- The surface form of the cells at advanced enters cells by direct fusion of the virus envelope with the infection displayed prolific pseudopodia that, in addition to plasma membrane (11). (cdc.gov)
- the nuclear envelope is formed by a double membrane with nuclear pores. (markedbyteachers.com)
- Both the V2 and V3 regions of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 surface glycoprotein functionally interact with other envelope regions in syncytium formation. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- Combinations of face envelope with T-shaped spikes measuring 7-10 key words such as Lassa fever and West Africa were nm and built with glycoprotein. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
Subunit2
- also known as IL-6 signal transducer, IL-6 receptor beta, oncostatin-M alpha subunit) is a ubiquitously expressed, 130 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein and member of the type II subfamily, type I cytokine receptor family. (rndsystems.com)
- This enzyme is composed of two subunits, a large catalytic subunit (alpha) and a smaller glycoprotein subunit (beta). (thermofisher.com)
Apical3
- The high-affinity system mediates uptake of 10% of L-cystine and the dibasic amino acids at the apical membrane of the straight third segment (S3) of the proximal tubule. (medscape.com)
- Unlike the other NHE isoforms, NHE3 is recycled between apical membranes and the endosomal compartment of epithelial cells where it has a significant involvement in renal and intestinal Na + absorption. (tocris.com)
- Gram-negative bacteria not only have different factors of virulence and generate products and sub-products that are toxic to apical and periapical tissues, but also contain endotoxin in the outer membrane of their cell wall. (bvsalud.org)
Vesicles4
- Both glycoproteins and glycolipids are transported into vesicles to the plasma membrane. (wikipedia.org)
- Endocytosis is a form of active transport where a cell takes in molecules, using the plasma membrane, and packages them into vesicles. (wikipedia.org)
- 139-140 In pinocytosis, a cell takes in ("gulps") extracellular fluid into vesicles, which are formed when plasma membrane surrounds the fluid. (wikipedia.org)
- Other reports have described double-membrane vesicles as the bending force to extrude the virus particles. (cdc.gov)
Secretory1
- If unconventional secretion were to mediate the cilia trafficking of P/rds, then cooperation with the conventional secretory pathway that mediates the trafficking of rhodopsin would be required to ensure proper morphogenesis of the photoreceptive disk membranes. (jneurosci.org)
Receptor6
- They bind tightly to the ASIALOGLYCOPROTEIN RECEPTOR which is located on hepatocyte plasma membranes. (harvard.edu)
- Therefore receptor-mediated clearance of asialoglycoproteins is an important aspect of the turnover of plasma glycoproteins. (harvard.edu)
- Polarized endocytosis by Madin-Darby canine kidney cells transfected with functional chicken liver glycoprotein receptor. (rupress.org)
- We have studied the expression of the chicken hepatic glycoprotein receptor (chicken hepatic lectin [CHL]) in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, by transfection of its cDNA under the control of a retroviral promotor. (rupress.org)
- A molecular understanding of membrane traffic has broad implications for our understanding of growth control in cancer, receptor trafficking errors in heart disease, regulation of insulin secretion in diabetes and synaptic vesicle biogenesis and transport in neurological disorders. (stanford.edu)
- También es posible que intervenga en otros procesos homeostáticos celulares del colesterol y es un receptor de entrada endosómico para filovirus tales como los VIRUS TIPO ÉBOLA. (bvsalud.org)
Integral1
Double-membrane1
Endogenous2
- Endogenous glycoproteins from which SIALIC ACID has been removed by the action of sialidases. (harvard.edu)
- In a flow cytometry setup, the exposure of endogenous PS on the outer plasma membrane leaflet was significantly elevated in MDR1 overexpressing cells compared to controls. (hu-berlin.de)
MDR13
- The researchers concluded that treatment of the drug-resistant tumor cells with low frequency, low intensity AC stimulation in vitro drastically enhances chemotherapeutic efficacy of doxorubicin, a substrate for the MDR1 glycoprotein drug transporter. (thefutureofthings.com)
- Further investigation demonstrated that electrical stimulation not only decreases levels of the MDR1 glycoprotein transporter, but also changes the localization of the MDR1 glycoprotein from close to the plasma membrane to the cytosol (the fluid portion of the cytoplasm). (thefutureofthings.com)
- This altered expression of the MDR1 glycoprotein is believed to have caused the loss of the cell's drug extrusion ability, which it mediates. (thefutureofthings.com)
Mitochondrion1
- the double membranes divide the mitochondrion into two distinct parts: the intermembrane space and the mitochondrial matrix. (markedbyteachers.com)
Serum3
- Serum is preferred over plasma for testing. (medscape.com)
- Individual nitrocellulose strips are incubated with serum or plasma specimens, or controls. (cdc.gov)
- STANDARD Q Ebola Zaire Ag is a chromatographic immunoassay for the presumptive qualitative detection of Ebola Zaire virus disease in whole blood, plasma or serum from individuals with signs and symptoms of Ebola virus infection in affected areas in conjunction with relevant epidemiological risk factors. (who.int)
Endoplasmic reticulum1
- In cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) synthesizes[clarification needed] membranes and performs other metabolic activities. (wikipedia.org)
Cellular1
- Immunoglobulins recognize and bind antigens and can be found in the plasma linked to lymphocyte cellular membranes. (visualscience.ru)
ENDOCYTOSIS2
- The results indicate that endocytosis-derived transfer of plasma membrane constituents to secondary lysosomes is a limited and selective process, and that only approximately 1% of internalized membrane is recycled via a membrane pool of secondary lysosomes. (rupress.org)
- 98% of the surface CHL is expressed at the basolateral surface where it performs polarized endocytosis and degradation of glycoproteins carrying terminal N-acetylglucosamine at a rate of 50,000 ligand molecules/h. (rupress.org)
Leaflet1
- In addition, when platelets are activated, negatively charged phospholipids move from the inner to the outer leaflet of the membrane bilayer. (medscape.com)
Lysosomes5
- Limited and selective transfer of plasma membrane glycoproteins to membrane of secondary lysosomes. (rupress.org)
- Radioactive galactose, covalently bound to cell surface glycoconjugates on mouse macrophage cells, P388D1, was used as a membrane marker to study the composition, and the kinetics of exchange, of plasma membrane-derived constituents in the membrane of secondary lysosomes. (rupress.org)
- Secondary lysosomes were separated from endosomes and plasma membrane on self-forming Percoll density gradients. (rupress.org)
- Concurrently, the fraction of plasma membrane-derived label in secondary lysosomes increased by first order kinetics (k = [56 min]-1) from less than 0.1% (background level) to a steady-state level of approximately 2.5% of the total label. (rupress.org)
- Membrane rupture of lysosomes results in leakage of their contents, which is harmful to cells. (bvsalud.org)
Characterization1
- Characterization of cDNA encoding novel pregnancy-specific glycoprotein variants. (nih.gov)
Localization1
- Immunoprecipitations using anti-proN-cadherin showed that cadherin-catenin complexes are assembled prior to localization at the plasma membrane. (nebraska.edu)
Molecules3
- As analyzed by NaDodSO4 PAGE, labeled molecules of Mr 160-190 kD were depleted and of Mr 100-120 kD were enriched in lysosome membrane compared with the relative composition of label on the cell surface. (rupress.org)
- The human pregnancy-specific glycoproteins (PSGs) are a group of molecules that are mainly produced by the placental syncytiotrophoblasts during pregnancy. (nih.gov)
- Cadherins are calcium-dependent glycoproteins that function as cell-cell adhesion molecules and are linked to the actin cytoskeleton via catenins. (nebraska.edu)
Gene2
Molecular1
Nucleus1
- Eukaryotic cells (from the Greek meaning truly nuclear) can be easily distinguished through a membrane-bound nucleus. (markedbyteachers.com)
Type1
- Mature human LAMP1 is a 389 amino acid (aa) type I transmembrane glycoprotein. (rndsystems.com)
Human1
- The human pregnancy-specific glycoprotein genes are tightly linked on the long arm of chromosome 19 and are coordinately expressed. (nih.gov)
Platelet1
- 10,000/μL) plasma preparation via ultracentrifugation must be done with special care, as it may cause platelet fragmentation and the release of phospholipids, which may significantly affect the results. (medscape.com)
Substances1
- There are different ways through which cells can transport substances across the cell membrane. (wikipedia.org)
Family1
- also CD107a) is a 100‑130 kDa member of the LAMP family of glycoproteins. (rndsystems.com)
Endosome1
- A transmembrane intracellular lipid transporter that helps trafficking lipids, particularly cholesterol, from late endosome/lysosome to the ER and plasma membrane. (bvsalud.org)
Fusion1
Distinct1
- Moreover, we identify a distinct, N-terminal, higher affinity interaction interface between LRRK2 phosphorylated Rab8 and Rab10 termed 'Site #2', that can retain LRRK2 on membranes in cells to catalyze multiple, subsequent phosphorylation events. (stanford.edu)
Assembly1
- Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Cell wall1
- Mammalian cells are different to Plant cells (which are also eukaryotic), they do not have a cellulose cell wall, and they are bounded by only plasma membrane, so they are sensitive to Osmotic lysis (the bursting or rupturing of the plasma membrane due to osmotic movement of water into the cell when the cell is in a hypotonic environment. (markedbyteachers.com)
Critical3
- The Rh antigens appear to exist as a multisubunit complex of CD47 (MIM 601028), LW (MIM 111250), glycophorin B (MIM 111740), and play a critical role in the Rh50 glycoprotein. (novusbio.com)
- The photoreceptor sensory cilium is recognized for fast membrane renewal, for which rhodopsin and peripherin/rds (P/rds) play critical roles. (jneurosci.org)
- Critical component of the membrane-bound oxidase of phagocytes that generates superoxide. (lu.se)
Primary2
- The sensory primary cilium of vertebrate photoreceptor cells houses thousands of photosensitive disk membranes that are renewed continuously throughout our lifespan. (jneurosci.org)
- Platelets play a primary role in this process, interacting with subendothelium-bound von Willebrand factor (vWf) via the membrane glycoprotein (GP) Ib complex. (medscape.com)
Surface2
- Researchers led by Honami Naora, Ph.D. , identified that the glycoprotein CD147 is expressed on EVs that lack tetraspanins, the most commonly used surface markers of EVs. (mdanderson.org)
- it is called 'Rough' because the attached ribosomes showed in electron microscopes a 'rough' surface on the membranes. (markedbyteachers.com)
Donors1
- For tests in steps 1 and 2, the cutoff value is the 99th percentile of the distribution of the tests performed on plasmas from at least 40 healthy donors younger than 50 years. (medscape.com)
Complex1
- P/rds, an N -linked glycoprotein, does not acquire a complex oligosaccharide and, accordingly, the oligosaccharide group of P/rds is endoglycosidase H (Endo H)-sensitive ( Connell and Molday, 1990 ). (jneurosci.org)