Plant herbivory. Medical search. Frequent questions

It is one of the general plant defense strategies against herbivores, the other being resistance, which is the ability of plants to prevent damage (Strauss and Agrawal 1999). (wikipedia.org)
Plant defense strategies play important roles in the survival of plants as they are fed upon by many different types of herbivores, especially insects, which may impose negative fitness effects (Strauss and Zangerl 2002). (wikipedia.org)
One surprising discovery made about plant tolerance was that plants can overcompensate for the damaged caused by herbivory, causing controversy whether herbivores and plants can actually form a mutualistic relationship (Belsky 1986). (wikipedia.org)
Many aspects of plant tolerance such as its geographic variation, its macroevolutionary implications and its coevolutionary effects on herbivores are still relatively unknown (Fornoni 2011). (wikipedia.org)
We hypothesized that large herbivores compound the effects of intensive forest management on early seral plant communities and plantation establishment (i.e., tree survival and growth), and the degree of such effects is dependent on the intensity of management practices. (usgs.gov)
There are also tantalising reports that herbivores may select plants as food dependent on their GS. (datadryad.org)
To test the hypothesis that GS plays a role in shaping plant communities under herbivore pressure, we exploit a grassland experiment that has experimentally excluded herbivores and applied nutrient over 8 years. (datadryad.org)
Latitudinal clines in defense and palatability to herbivores are expected to exist in native plant species but the evolution of these clines may lag behind for invasive plant species resulting in non-parallel latitudinal clines that may impact invasion success. (lincoln.ac.nz)
For example, leaf toughness, which is an effective defence against many herbivores, was negatively related to herbivory at multiple time periods. (mpg.de)
Cultivated plants are often much more susceptible to insect herbivores than wild-type plants. (wur.nl)
This study assessed how the palatability of leaves of different age classes (young, intermediate and older) of Eucalyptus nitens seedlings varied with plant nutrient status, based on captive feeding trials with two mammalian herbivores, red-bellied pademelons (Thylogale billardierii), and common brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula). (edu.au)
This study indicates that mammalian herbivores show different levels of relative use and damage to leaf age classes at varying levels of plant nutrient status and, therefore, their impact on plant fitness may vary with environment. (edu.au)
Interactions between plants and herbivores are considered key processes shaping life history traits and ecosystem function. (uni-kl.de)
By consuming plant tissues, herbivores are able to alter plant performance, reduce plant fitness, and influence ecosystem functions. (uni-kl.de)
On the other hand evolved plant traits, phenotypic variation, and inducible responses strongly influence the performance, behavioural patterns, and community composition of herbivores. (uni-kl.de)
Since herbivores and environmental conditions modulate costs and benefits of plant defence traits, stress responses are context-dependent. (netlify.app)
Whole-plant responses to stress in variable environments are complex, and their comprehensive understanding requires accounting for belowground herbivores and root responses. (netlify.app)
We tested the hypothesis that competition between plants may also negatively affect the performance of herbivores as well as their top-down effect on the host plant. (ufz.de)
Plants emit odors when they are attacked by herbivores. (usda.gov)
Insect and gastropod herbivores are major plant consumers in terrestrial ecosystems and their importance as selective forces in the evolution of plant defensive traits is well accepted. (usda.gov)
These findings are an important step toward a more inclusive view of plant responses to different types of herbivores and have implications in the debate on the ecological functions and evolution of plant volatiles. (usda.gov)
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are belowground plant root mutualists that aid in mineral, nutrient, and water uptake while herbivores are a ubiquitous antagonist. (eventscribe.net)
Plants perceive insect herbivores via a sophisticated surveillance system that detects a range of alarm signals, including herbivore-associated molecular patterns (HAMPs). (springer.com)
Ecological fits, mis-fits and lotteries involving insect herbivores on the invasive plant, Bunias orientalis. (mpg.de)
The leaves are coated with a resin that gives them a bitter taste, but the shrub is generally palatable to large herbivores and is an important browse plant. (nps.gov)
Large mammalian herbivores are vital components of terrestrial ecosystems, influencing the plants they feed on, but also serving as ecosystem engineers that impact the occurrence and survival of many other organisms. (researchgate.net)
Global environmental changes mediated by anthropogenic processes can affect the nutrient status of plants, with important consequences for the performance and dynamics of insect herbivores that feed on them. (researchgate.net)

In response to herbivory, plants have evolved a wide variety of defense mechanisms and although relatively less studied than resistance strategies, tolerance traits play a major role in plant defense (Strauss and Zergerl 2002, Rosenthal and Kotanen 1995). (wikipedia.org)
It was soon recognized that many factors involved in plants tolerance, such as photosynthetic rates and nutrient allocation, were also traits intrinsic to plant growth and so resource availability may play an important role (Hilbert et al. (wikipedia.org)
Studies of plant tolerance have only received increased attention recently, unlike resistance traits which were much more heavily studied (Fornoni 2011). (wikipedia.org)
Moreover, our study showed that the occurrence and direction of latitudinal clines in plant traits were commonly dependent on where the study was conducted (north or south), indicating strong phenotypic plasticity in these genetic-based clines. (lincoln.ac.nz)
To fully understand how susceptibility or resistance to insect herbivory is affected by plant traits and habitat heterogeneity, these have to be studied together in both natural and agricultural settings. (wur.nl)
Positive plant diversity-ecosystem function relations are ultimately driven by variation in functional traits among individuals that form a community. (uzh.ch)
Both influence key plant functional traits such as total leaf area, stomatal conductance, flower number and size, and fruit production. (eventscribe.net)
To investigate how these above and belowground species interactions shape key plant functional traits, we conducted a manipulative field-based experiment with three strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) cultivars, representing unique genotypes. (eventscribe.net)
In this study, we asked: what are the main and interactive effects of mycorrhizal inoculation, herbivory, and genotype on 1) plant physiological, growth, and reproductive traits, 2) floral volatile composition and emission rates, and 3) pollinator attraction? (eventscribe.net)
For plant reproductive traits, however, biotic interactions were more important explanatory factors. (eventscribe.net)
Ongoing and future research aims to link floral traits and pollinator visitation in order to evaluate genotype by environment effects on plant-pollinator interactions and plant productivity. (eventscribe.net)
2010. Beyond biomass: measuring the effects of community-level nitrogen enrichment on floral traits, pollinator visitation and plant reproduction. (montana.edu)

Numerous studies have shown that insect herbivory can lead to the production of specific VOCs attractive to natural enemies and/or involved in plant-plant communication, but the effects of gastropod herbivory on plant volatiles have been largely unexplored. (usda.gov)
Results revealed that although slugs fed generally more than insects on the different species tested, plants produced higher amounts of volatiles and responded more specifically following insect damage compared to slug damage. (usda.gov)
Interestingly, 4 plant species produced a distinct blend of volatiles in response to insect damage but not to slug damage. (usda.gov)
Alborn HT, Turlings TCJ, Jones TH, Stenhagen G, Loughrin JH, Tumlinson JH (1997) An elicitor of plant volatiles from beet armyworm oral secretion. (springer.com)
Drought and leaf herbivory influence floral volatiles and pollinator attraction. (montana.edu)

However, larger scale ecological processes, such as the spatial distribution and diversity of species in a plant community, also determine how insects locate and exploit their food plants, and these differ profoundly between natural and agricultural ecosystems. (wur.nl)
He has conducted research on plant-insect interactions and community ecology, focusing on ways to predict new interactions between introduced species such as plants and herbivorous insects. (usgs.gov)
Interspecific competition between plants and herbivory by specialized insects can have synergistic effects on the growth and performance of the attacked host plant. (ufz.de)
Results showed that plants release higher amounts of volatile molecules and produce more specific blends of odors when they are attacked by insects compared to when they are attacked by slugs. (usda.gov)

The resources gained from these mechanisms can be used to increase resistance instead of tolerance, such as for the production secondary compounds in the plant (Tiffin 2000). (wikipedia.org)
Genetically diverse populations can increase plant resistance to natural enemies. (biorxiv.org)
Yet, beneficial genotype pairs remain elusive due to the occurrence of both positive and negative effects of mixed planting on plant resistance, called associational resistance and susceptibility. (biorxiv.org)
We used genome-wide polymorphisms of the plant species Arabidopsis thaliana to identify genotype pairs that enhance associational resistance to herbivory. (biorxiv.org)
By quantifying neighbor interactions among 199 genotypes grown in a randomized block design, we predicted that 823 of the 19,701 candidate pairs could reduce herbivory through associational resistance. (biorxiv.org)
We planted such pairs with predicted associational resistance in mixtures and monocultures and found a significant reduction in herbivore damage in the mixtures. (biorxiv.org)
We examined whole-plant tolerance and resistance responses to individual and combined effects of above and belowground herbivory under variable water conditions. (netlify.app)
Plants challenged with AGBG herbivory had greater whole-plant biomass (i.e. tolerance) and lower total concentrations of defensive compounds (i.e. resistance) than plants exposed to no-herbivore controls, regardless of water conditions. (netlify.app)
Bernards, M. A. & Båstrup-Spohr, L. Induced Plant Resistance to Herbivory (Springer, 2008). (nature.com)
Supplementary Table 1 ) and 19 indicators of ecosystem functioning associated with productivity of oil palms and planted trees, resistance to invasion, pollination, soil quality, predation and herbivory, carbon and nutrient cycling and water and climate regulation (Supplementary Table 2 ). (nature.com)
Plant resistance to HERBIVORY by causing injury, death, reduced longevity, or reduced reproduction of the herbivore. (bvsalud.org)
Plant's resistance to HERBIVORY by effecting the way an herbivore perceives the desirability of the plant as a food source. (bvsalud.org)

The inclusion of GS in ecological models has the potential to expand our understanding of plant productivity and community ecology under nutrient and herbivore stress. (datadryad.org)
Can chemical ecology and diverse planting designs be applied to decrease herbivory in tropical reforestation? (mpg.de)
Journal of Plant Ecology, 10(1):242-251. (uzh.ch)
Propelled by rapid advances in genomic technologies, recent studies with duckweed again highlight the potential of these small plants to enable discoveries in diverse fields from ecology to chronobiology. (osti.gov)
Plant Ecology 203:83-98. (montana.edu)
The course may not be included in a higher degree together with BIOR74 The Ecology and Evolution of Plants 15 credits, BIOR54 The Evolution and Diversity of Plants 15 credits, or BIOR26 Plant Biology 15 credits. (lu.se)

Overall, we demonstrate that GS plays a role in influencing plant-herbivore interactions, and suggest potential reasons for this response, which include the impact of GS on a plant's response to different herbivore guilds, and on a plant's nutrient quality. (datadryad.org)
Conclusions Plantinsect interactions influence reforestation through growth-limiting herbivore pressure on seedlings, and this herbivory is likely facilitated by reforestation methods that favour monocultures of fast-growing species that lack strong antiherbivore defences. (mpg.de)
Our results suggest that biodiversity can affect plant performance directly via tree species-species interactions, or context dependent, via potential effects on inter-trophic interactions. (uzh.ch)
However, response indices suggested that antagonistic interactions between competition and herbivory were contingent on the identity of the competitor. (ufz.de)
Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions. (usda.gov)
2016. The beta-diversity of species interactions: Untangling the drivers of geographic variation in plant-pollinator diversity and function across scales. (montana.edu)
2013. Plant genotype, nutrients, and G x E interactions structure floral visitor communities. (montana.edu)
2013. Plant-pollinator interactions over 120 years: Loss of species, co-occurrence, and function. (montana.edu)
The circadian timing system in Nicotiana attenuata: A functional connection between the circadian clock and hormone signaling in plant-insect interactions. (mpg.de)

Separation of early and late responses to herbivory in Arabidopsis by changing plasmodesmal function. (jic.ac.uk)
We have made the surprising observation that an Arabidopsis line (pdko3) mutated in genes encoding plasmodesmal proteins is defective in some, but not all, of the typical plant responses to herbivory. (jic.ac.uk)
This study reports the analysis of the putative ML gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana and suggests a role for the ML3 gene in herbivory-associated responses in plants. (cas.cz)
ML3 lossof-function Arabidopsis plants were compromised in the upregulation of herbivory-induced genes and displayed a semi-dwarf phenotype. (cas.cz)
The data suggest that ML3 is involved in herbivory-mediated responses in Arabidopsis and that it has a potential role in herbivory-associated molecular pattern recognition. (cas.cz)
The Ca2+ Channel CNGC19 Regulates Arabidopsis defense against Spodoptera Herbivory. (ncbs.res.in)

Using phylogenetically-informed statistical models and path analyses, we show that under rabbit-grazing, plant species with small GS generated the most biomass. (datadryad.org)
In contrast, on mollusc and insect-grazed plots, it was the plant species with larger GS that increased in biomass. (datadryad.org)
GS was also shown to influence plant community properties (e.g. competitive strategy, total biomass) although the impact varied between different herbivore guilds (i.e. rabbits versus invertebrates) and nutrient inputs. (datadryad.org)
We then parameterized generalized linear mixed-effects models with data on plant survival, leaf and root biomass accumulation, root complexity and terpenoid concentration. (netlify.app)
In plants exposed to AGBG herbivory, greater nematode infection was related to decreases in whole-plant biomass and marginal increases in total terpenoid concentration. (netlify.app)
In treatments with competitors, reduced aphid densities alleviated the negative effect of herbivory on above- and belowground Poa biomass. (ufz.de)
The potential output of the model include current values of the ecosystem state variables (e.g. biomass for different plant functional types, PFTs) as well as biogeochemical fluxes of CO2 and H2O from ecosystems to the atmosphere or hydrosphere. (lu.se)

Patterns of herbivory varied through time, resulting in changes in the importance of plant defences. (mpg.de)
How do soil nutrients affect within-plant patterns of herbivory in seedlings of Eucalyptus nitens? (edu.au)

Methods This study directly evaluates the effects of herbivory on seedling growth and the role of two putative plant defences, saponins and leaf toughness, in limiting herbivory in reforestation. (mpg.de)
Tree growth (stem diameter, plant height and crown expansion) and herbivory (percentage leaf loss due to leaf chewers) were monitored annually from 2011 to 2013. (uzh.ch)
Indeed S. littoralis typically fed on the youngest leaves of the plants and made many small holes in the leaves whereas Arion slugs typically fed on the older leaves and ate large chunks of leaf tissue. (usda.gov)
For the herbivory treatment, we used a combined caterpillar, leaf clipping, and jasmonic acid treatment resulting in a 25% reduction in foliar area. (eventscribe.net)
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased total leaf area, but only in plants that did not experience herbivory. (eventscribe.net)
The evolution of host plant use and adaptation to Brassicaceae in the leaf beetle genus Psylliodes. (mpg.de)
At the top of a flowering plant, this number again diminishes to a single leaflet per leaf. (wikipedia.org)
The lower leaf pairs usually occur in an opposite leaf arrangement and the upper leaf pairs in an alternate arrangement on the main stem of a mature plant. (wikipedia.org)

Herbivory treatments included isolated above (AG) and belowground (BG) attacks, simultaneous (AGBG) attacks and no-herbivory controls. (netlify.app)
A `whole-plant' approach revealed that belowground herbivory is the primary driver of tolerance in plants surviving moderate water stress. (netlify.app)

Vegetation structure, composition and crop‐tree responses to herbivory varied across the gradient of herbicide application during the first two years of stand establishment, with herbivory effects most evident at intermediate herbicide treatments. (usgs.gov)
The mutations in genes for plasmodesmal proteins have provided valuable genetic tools for the dissection of the complex spectrum of responses to herbivory and shown us that the responses to herbivory can be separated into a calcium-activated oxidative response and a K(+) -dependent Vm-activated jasmonate response associated with the release of VOCs. (jic.ac.uk)
Virus-induced gene silencing of ML3 expression in plants compromised in jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) signalling revealed a complex role of ML3 in JA/defence signalling affecting both JA- and SA-dependent responses. (cas.cz)
However, their respective effects on plant responses have rarely been directly compared. (usda.gov)
Fatty acid-amino acid conjugates (FACs) are HAMPs present in oral secretions (OS) of lepidopteran larvae that induce defense responses in many plant species. (springer.com)

We were able to list 197 plant taxa negatively affected by the three cervid species, as opposed to 24 that benefited from their herbivory. (ucalgary.ca)
The plant taxa negatively affected by caribou/reindeer (19), moose (37), and white-tailed deer (141) comprised 5%, 9%, and 11% of vascular plants present in their respective ranges. (ucalgary.ca)

The experimental results indicate that enhanced herbivory on exposed islands following Hurricane Lili was caused, at least in part, by increased susceptibility of the sprouted foliage to herbivorous arthropods. (cornell.edu)
This may explain why reduced levels of secondary metabolites in crop plants may only partially explain increased susceptibility to herbivory. (wur.nl)

initial shifts in early seral communities are likely to influence understory plant communities and tree growth in later stages of forest development. (usgs.gov)

Here, we studied the relative importance of species diversity and seed family (SF) diversity within species for growth and herbivory in experimental subtropical tree assemblages. (uzh.ch)
In contrast, SF diversity reduced growth and increased herbivory but only so in species mixtures. (uzh.ch)
We examined the hypothesis that genetic variability (heterozygosity) within an individual plant would affect its dependent community, which adds a new dimension to the importance of genetic diversity. (mdpi.com)
The experimental design allowed us to test the effects of tree island area (25, 100, 400 and 1,600 m 2 ) and of planted native tree diversity (zero, one, two, three and six species, with zero representing natural regeneration only) on restoration outcomes and to compare them with conventionally managed oil palm monocultures 19 (Fig. 1 ). (nature.com)
Minimum sampling intensity required to capture extant genetic diversity in ex situ seed collections: examples from the endangered plant Sibara filifolia (Brassicaceae). (usd.edu)
Genetic diversity following demographic recovery in the insular endemic plant Galium catalinense subspecies acrispum. (usd.edu)
2015. Wildfire disturbance and productivity as drivers of plant species diversity across spatial scales. (montana.edu)
2014. Soil mutualists modify priority effects on plant productivity, diversity, and composition. (montana.edu)
2011. The future of plant-pollinator diversity: understanding interaction networks across time, space, and global change. (montana.edu)
Diversity, evolutionary history and functional characterization of plant cell wall degrading enzymes in beetles of the family Cerambycidae. (mpg.de)

In particular, herbivory increased total terpenoid emissions, especially for ocimene isomers. (eventscribe.net)

Many factors intrinsic to the plants, such as growth rate, storage capacity, photosynthetic rates and nutrient allocation and uptake, can affect the extent to which plants can tolerate damage (Rosenthal and Kotanen 1994). (wikipedia.org)

Here we studied the production of odors in 16 cultivated plant species attacked by the insect herbivore Spodoptera littoralis and the slug Arion vulgaris. (usda.gov)
We compared the effects of herbivory by the generalist insect herbivore Spodoptera littoralis and by generalist slugs from the genus Arion on VOCs production in 16 cultivated plant species. (usda.gov)

Tolerance is the ability of plants to mitigate the negative fitness effects caused by herbivory. (wikipedia.org)
We reviewed the literature reporting negative or positive effects on vegetation of herbivory by caribou/reindeer, moose, and white-tailed deer in light of the hypothesis of exploitation ecosystems (EEH), which predicts that most of the negative impacts will occur in areas where wolves were extirpated. (ucalgary.ca)
We argue that studies investigating the effects of secondary metabolites on insect herbivory are compromised by the methodological approach that is often used. (wur.nl)
In such a case, the combined effects of competition and herbivory may be less than expected from a simple multiplicative response. (ufz.de)
2010. Regeneration dynamics in remnant Tsuga canadensis stands in the northern Lake States: potential direct and indirect effects of herbivory. (mtu.edu)
We used a fully-crossed factorial design where plants were exposed to AMF, herbivory, and the combined factors to determine effects on host plants. (eventscribe.net)
A month after herbivory, these effects were not apparent, although genotype interacted with both herbivory and mycorrhizal inoculation to affect total volatile emissions. (eventscribe.net)
2014. The effects of timing of grazing on plant and arthropod communities in high-elevation grasslands. (montana.edu)
2012. Effects of an invasive plant transcend ecosystem boundaries through a dragonfly-mediated trophic pathway. (montana.edu)
2007. Predicting the effects of nectar robbing on plant reproduction: implications of pollen limitation and plant mating system. (montana.edu)
Effects of the main secondary metabolites of Physalis plants on a specialist and a generalist species of Lepidoptera. (mpg.de)
Pollinator declines in particular may have especially far-reaching effects due to the services they provide to plant communities. (lu.se)

Plants face multiple biotic and abiotic stressors simultaneously. (netlify.app)

Hence, we were able to demonstrate an antagonistic interaction between plant-plant interspecific competition and herbivory. (ufz.de)

The wild plant species adapted to the Mongolian grassland environment may allow us to explore useful genes, as a source of unique genetic codes for crop improvement. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we identified the Chloris virgata Dornogovi accession as the fastest germinating plant in major Mongolian grassland plants. (frontiersin.org)
As summer in the Mongolian grassland is very short and dry, almost all plants have prepared to germinate and grow quickly, making use of the small amount of rain and the short warm period, which starts in July. (frontiersin.org)

Temporal and density dependent impacts of an invasive plant on pollinators and pollination services to a native plant. (montana.edu)

In this paper we discuss these two approaches to better understand differences in levels of insect herbivory between agricultural and natural ecosystems. (wur.nl)
This project analyzes on-the-ground plant monitoring data across sagebrush and rangeland ecosystems to examine how fire, climate, topography, and plant communities influence the success of invasive annual grasses after fires. (usgs.gov)

Has herbivory negatively impacted genetic variability in the flora of the California Channel Islands? (usd.edu)

In contrast, unlike WT plants, the mutant line showed an almost complete loss of voltage gated K(+) channel activity and Vm depolarization, a loss of shoot-induced root-Vm depolarization, a loss of activation and regulation of gene expression of the JA defense pathway, and a much diminished release and altered profile of VOCs. (jic.ac.uk)
and for revealing potentially novel strategies in plant defense and genome maintenance. (osti.gov)
Bergey DR, Howe G, Ryan CA (1996) Polypeptide signaling for plant defensive genes exhibits analogies to defense signaling in animals. (springer.com)

Land management practices often directly alter vegetation structure and composition, but the degree to which ecological processes such as herbivory interact with management to influence biodiversity is less well understood. (usgs.gov)
Building on established community resources, duckweed is reemerging as a platform to study plant processes at the systems level and to translate knowledge gained for field deployment to address some of society's pressing needs. (osti.gov)

Genome-wide expression of low temperature response genes in Rosa hybrida L.. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. (usda.gov)
Differential regulation of host plant adaptive genes in Pieris butterflies exposed to a range of glucosinolate profiles in their host plants. (mpg.de)

Results Dipteryx panamensis was the fastest-growing species, and individuals planted in polycultures grew faster in terms of height than individuals in monoculture. (mpg.de)
Yet, in nature, plants do not grow successfully in a monoculture, or in depleted soil, nor do animals stay healthy within cramped, enclosed spaces, while standing in their own feces. (mongabay.com)

In other words, competition and herbivory may interact antagonistically. (ufz.de)

As part of the invasive species branch, Ian is applying that work to anticipate the impacts of destructive plant and insect invasions. (usgs.gov)
Understanding invasive plant impacts can provide insight into community assembly and inform the development of successful management strategies. (usgs.gov)

Foliar herbivory increased terpenoid concentrations in roots relative to no-herbivory plants under control water but decreased concentrations in both roots and leaves under drought. (netlify.app)

2009. The importance of interannual variation and bottom-up nitrogen enrichment for plant-pollinator networks. (montana.edu)

Herbivory further suppressed the growth of competing vegetation in the Light herbicide treatment, improving crop‐tree survival, and providing early evidence of an ecosystem service. (usgs.gov)
Animal herbivory also poses a challenge to sparse, desert vegetation. (nps.gov)

In addition we have accumulated evidence, that they substantially impact the functioning and the successional trajectory of disturbed neotropical forests via trophic activities (herbivory and seed dispersion, Silva et al. (uni-kl.de)

The butterfly plant arms-race escalated by gene and genome duplications. (mpg.de)

Insect feeding assays testing the effect of reduced concentrations of secondary metabolites in domesticated plants rely on testing a limited subset of insect species, usually those that can easily be reared in the laboratory and often are agricultural pest species. (wur.nl)
Through their innate knowledge, animals seek out beneficial plant secondary metabolites, through smelling the aroma of pure essential oils or recognizing certain colors. (mongabay.com)
Only recently scientists have learned that plant secondary metabolites provide benefits to animals as well as humans. (mongabay.com)

The juxtaposition of plant-species invasions with latitudinal gradients in herbivore pressure is an important yet mostly unexplored issue in invasion biology. (lincoln.ac.nz)
Their tiny size, rapid growth by clonal propagation, and facile uptake of labeled compounds from the media were attractive features that made them a well-known model for plant biology from 1950 to 1990. (osti.gov)
Vol. 16 Plant Biology, 2014. (usd.edu)

Plants utilize many mechanisms to recover fitness from damage. (wikipedia.org)
Molecular mechanisms of insect adaptation to plant secondary compounds. (mpg.de)
My research project investigates the mechanisms of fungal decomposition concerning the plant cell wall by saprotrophic fungi. (lu.se)

Interest in duckweed has steadily regained momentum over the past decade, driven in part by the growing need to identify alternative plants from traditional agricultural crops that can help tackle urgent societal challenges, such as climate change and rapid population expansion. (osti.gov)

Further, herbivory influenced volatile composition immediately after the treatment, and this effect depended on genotype. (eventscribe.net)

Tree species richness promoted growth but had no effect on herbivory. (uzh.ch)

Reduction in productivity of soybean plants infested with Neohyadatothrips variabilis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) with and without soybean vein necrosis virus. (usda.gov)

These plants should be prepared for fast germination and growth activity in response to the limited summer rainfall. (frontiersin.org)
and plant community response to disturbance in high-elevation spruce-fir forests. (mtu.edu)

Recent research has shown that GS influences plant abundance, and plant competition. (datadryad.org)
Industrial hemp products are made from cannabis plants selected to produce an abundance of fibre. (wikipedia.org)

2012. Shifts in pollinator composition and behavior cause slow interaction accumulation with area in plant-pollinator networks. (montana.edu)

Herbivory results in an array of physiological changes in the host that are separable from the associated physical damage. (jic.ac.uk)

This review details the anatomy, development, physiology, and molecular characteristics of the Lemnaceae to introduce them to the broader plant research community. (osti.gov)

Questions Can the growth of saplings be improved by limiting herbivory during reforestation? (mpg.de)
Growth and herbivory were measured every 6 mo during the first 2 yr of plot development and again after 5 yr of growth. (mpg.de)
Herbivory was negatively related to sapling growth, and damage during the first 6 mo of plot establishment decreased growth even after 5 yr. (mpg.de)
This study demonstrates the potential for reducing herbivory and improving sapling growth by reforesting with polycultures of fast-growing and well-defended species. (mpg.de)
We conclude that both competitor identity and the herbivore's ability to respond with changes in its density or activity to plant competition affect the magnitude and direction (synergistic vs. antagonistic) of the interaction between competition and herbivory on plant growth. (ufz.de)
Phylogenetic relatedness and host plant growth form influence gene expression of the polyphagous comma butterfly (Polygonia c-album). (mpg.de)

Damage can occur in almost any part of the plants, including the roots, stems, leaves, flowers and seeds (Strauss and Zergerl 2002). (wikipedia.org)
2000). However, detecting an increase in environment does not mean plants are tolerant to damage. (wikipedia.org)
This may be due to compounds present in insect and slug saliva that react differently with plants, or to the specificities of insect and slug damage: insect fed more on small young leaves, making multitudes of small holes in the leaves while slugs preferred to feed on old leaves, making larger holes in the leaves. (usda.gov)

Anatomy23

Organisms88

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs31

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment8

Psychiatry and Psychology5

Phenomena and Processes54

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture15

Information Science3

Health Care15

Geographicals2

Herbivores27

Traits12

Volatiles5

Insects4

Resistance12

Ecology6

Interactions9

Arabidopsis6

Biomass7

Patterns2

Leaf8

Belowground2

Responses5

Negatively affected2

Susceptibility2

Understory plant1

Diversity10

Total terpenoid1

Nutrient1

Herbivore Spodoptera littoralis2

Effects12

Biotic1

Interspecific1

Grassland3

Pollination1

Ecosystems2

Genetic variability1

Defense3

Processes2

Genes2

Monoculture2

Interact1

Impacts2

Drought1

Nitrogen1

Vegetation2

Trophic1

Genome1

Secondary metabolites3

Biology3

Mechanisms3

Agricultural1

Genotype1

Species richness1

Productivity1

Response2

Abundance2

Composition1

Physiological1

PHYSIOLOGY1

Growth6

Damage3