Pigments cobalt. Medical search. Frequent questions

A single pigment (or pure) color gives the best clear color purity. (liquitex.com)
For example, when you mix single pigment colors Cadmium Red Light and Cerulean Blue, you're only mixing two colors. (liquitex.com)

Scientists have since found prehistoric trails to hematite deposits, suggesting that somewhere along the line, man discovered color from iron oxide deposits did not fade as the environment changed unlike natural pigments. (crfashionbook.com)
As a result, Native Americans began using paper taken from ledgers and other sources and employing ink, pencils, and watercolors rather than bone or wooden implements dipped in mineral and other natural pigments. (cdc.gov)

Free of pigments based on the metals lead, cadmium and cobalt. (artistsupplies.com)

Traditional Bunzlauer pottery made by Germans from Bunzlau also made an extensive use of cobalt blue glaze. (wikipedia.org)
u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e A. Cobalt silicate is very soluble in the glaze, so it is better to use cobalt aluminate, or a combination of both. (kruegerpottery.com)
Glaze: clear glaze exterior with a sandy foot, cobalt blue decoration under clear glaze. (si.edu)

Cobalt blue is a blue pigment made by sintering cobalt(II) oxide with aluminum(III) oxide (alumina) at 1200 °C. Chemically, cobalt blue pigment is cobalt(II) oxide-aluminium oxide, or cobalt(II) aluminate, CoAl2O4. (wikipedia.org)
The famed 'cobalt blue' is actually the result of the compound cobalt aluminate. (mentalfloss.com)
Cobalt Aluminate Blue Spinel, an inorganic pigment, is a reaction product of high temperature calcination in which Cobalt (II) Oxide, and Aluminum (III) Oxide in varying amounts are homogeneously and ionically interdiffused to form a crystalline matrix of spinel. (masoncolor.com)

While it enables the artist to form a general idea of opacity, transparency and lightfastness, for a pigment in a certain color space, it does not provide definitive information. (mgraham.com)
The permanence of a color is a measure of the lightfastness of the pigment when dispersed in a vehicle and subjected to conditions which emulate the exposure normally given a fine arts object. (mgraham.com)
Rembrandt soft pastels are based on the purest types of kaolin and high concentrations of premium-quality pigments that offer the highest degrees of lightfastness. (royaltalens.com)

Rublev Colours Cobalt Green Dark is a green cobalt zinc oxide, semi-transparent of limited hiding power discovered by Rinmann in 1780. (naturalpigments.eu)
Mica Cobalt Blue Oxide , earlier referred as ultramarine blue, is a pigment powder pure in form and is used popularly as a colourant in the cold process soap making activity. (vedaoils.co.uk)
Matte cobalt blue oxide water soluble pigment powder is enriched with mica, an essential component in the preparation of modern day cosmetic items and beauty products. (vedaoils.co.uk)
Our matte cobalt blue oxide pigment powder can be used in combination with other colourant powders to prepare your own custom made colour. (vedaoils.co.uk)
However, the matte blue oxide pigment powder must be used with utmost caution in melt and pour soap-making activities, since overheating of the pigment powder might cause it to speckle. (vedaoils.co.uk)
In 1994, scientific investigation using EDX analysis showed the presence of 19th-century pigments, including cobalt blue, zinc chromate and opaque chromium oxide green. (nationalgallery.org.uk)
Blacks are made of combinations of cobalt, iron, nickel, chromium, manganese, etc., and if low percentages are used the resulting color is often that of the predominant oxide in any particular black pigment. (kruegerpottery.com)
These early humans found that they could mine ochre pigment from the iron oxide and create a paste with it by mixing the dry substance with liquid. (crfashionbook.com)
Cobalt(II) oxide and weapons-grade tungsten alloy were classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B) on the basis of sufficient evidence in experimental animals. (who.int)
Cobalt(II,III) oxide, cobalt(II) sulfide, other cobalt(II) compounds, and pentavalent antimony were each evaluated as not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3) . (who.int)

Made in Italy, Puro oil offers a top quality balance between binder and pigment. (jerrysartarama.com)
Using the best, non-yellowing safflower and poppy seed oils, along with stable pigments which require no additives to produce a perfect impasto, Made in Italy, Puro oil offers a top quality balance between binder and pigment. (jerrysartarama.com)
This concept is similar to the current method for synthesizing pigment-where, very simply put, pigment powder is mixed with a binder liquid. (crfashionbook.com)

Inorganic pigment derived from cobalt metal. (polymetaal.nl)
An inorganic pigment. (polymetaal.nl)

Cobalt glass is used decoratively, and also as an optical filter to remove or hide certain visible colors. (wikipedia.org)
The pigment was used along with white in classic patterns of blue and white dots before the synthetic production of more variously-colored pigments (yielding such colors as green, red, orange). (wikipedia.org)
Cobalt in other chemical combinations can also make a variety of other colors. (mentalfloss.com)
We spend hours milling our colors to coax the highest pigment loads into our paints. (mgraham.com)
The clickable pigment chip Real Color Wheel map below shows true opposition pigment colors for mixing neutral darks and shadow colors. (realcolorwheel.com)
Especially for colored tattoos, many of the dyes and pigments used to get bright colors that last are from heavy metals that we warn against in many other forms. (ceh.org)
For example, yellow pigments often use cadmium, blue often uses cobalt, and many other colors use iron. (ceh.org)
The bottom line is that tattoo pigments haven't changed too much over the years if we are still using cobalt, wood, and bone to make different colors. (ceh.org)
Series 1 colors, such as Yellow Ochre, contain the most inexpensive pigments and will be the cheapest for you to buy, while Series 4 and 5 color contain the most expensive pigments. (liquitex.com)
Some colors contain one pigment, other a mix of two, three or four. (liquitex.com)
Mixing two single pigments gives the cleanest mixed colors, as it is just these two pigments combining rather than multiples. (liquitex.com)
However, if you use multi-pigment colors, you are often mixing as many as six colors, since each color is made up of three pigments each. (liquitex.com)
Examples of single pigments usually include cadmiums, cobalts, quinacridone and phthalocyanine colors - you'll see the exact pigments listed on all our packaging. (liquitex.com)
Mixed pigment colors are brighter than you can mix in the studio and guarantee consistent results each time. (liquitex.com)
Our muted collection colors are perfect examples of new pre-mixed multi-pigment colors that are hard to achieve yourself. (liquitex.com)
With the growing market for colorants came a need for the standardization of pigment chemistry and the production of specific colors. (crfashionbook.com)
Manufacturers across various industries such as paint, plastics, and textiles, accepted the Color Index International-first published in 1925-as an authority on identifying pigments used for producing particular colors. (crfashionbook.com)
The creation of the database was a pivotal moment for pigment as it allows manufacturers to properly match colors across various products and also to identify specific colors that have previously been used under generic names. (crfashionbook.com)

Ores containing cobalt have been used since antiquity as pigments to give a blue color to porcelain and glass. (wikipedia.org)
Though the vapors actually arose from the arsenic also contained in the ores, when chemists later extracted cobalt from these minerals, the name stuck. (mentalfloss.com)
It was not until the 1730s that Swedish chemist George Brandt purified and identified cobalt from arsenic-containing ores, then another 50 years until Torbern Bergman, another Swede, verified Brandt's new element. (mentalfloss.com)
Cobalt is found in cobaltite, erythrite, glaucodot and skutterudite ores. (americanelements.com)

The leading world manufacturer of cobalt blue in the nineteenth century was Benjamin Wegner's Norwegian company Blaafarveværket ("blue colour works" in Dano-Norwegian). (wikipedia.org)
When used in soap making, as major pigmenting powder, gives your soaps a bright, natural and a brilliant blue colour. (vedaoils.co.uk)
Also, when Cobalt Blue Soap Powder is suspended in tap water at room temperature, it disperses into a lighter cobalt blue colour, indicating the high levels of purity of our product. (vedaoils.co.uk)

Other uses of cobalt include catalysts, batteries, dyes and pigments and related applications. (who.int)

Because of its poor hiding power, cobalt yellow is most often used in watercolor and tempera paints, for oil-based glazes and as a colorant in glass. (mfa.org)
Such ratings are generally considered vehicle or media dependent and can vary between media - thus pigment which is suitably lightfast for oil color, might not be lightfast in watercolor. (mgraham.com)

17 ″Elite″ labeled colours signify the use of heavy metal pigments including cadmiums and cobalts. (opusartsupplies.com)

An example of cobalt blue hue (not pure cobalt blue) Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Boating on the Seine (La Yole), c. 1879 Cobalt blue is toxic when ingested or inhaled. (wikipedia.org)
People have been using cobalt-containing pigments to get that rich blue hue as far back as the 3rd millennium BCE, when Persians used them to color their necklace beads. (mentalfloss.com)
Cobalt Blue Hue is an opaque, clean blue pigment closely resembling Cobalt Blue. (schoolspecialty.com)

Cobalt yellow (commonly called aureolin) is a potassium cobalt nitrite. (naturalpigments.ca)
A brilliant, transparent yellow pigment commonly known by the name aureolin. (mfa.org)
Aureolin is a permanent pigment, but may discolor to brown when mixed with indigo in the presence of hydrogen sulfide. (mfa.org)

Cobalt blue is lighter and less intense than the (iron-cyanide based) pigment Prussian blue. (wikipedia.org)
The robe of the Madonna, for example, is painted using Prussian blue, a pigment that only came into use in the early 18th century. (nationalgallery.org.uk)

Cobalt phosphate is used to make a violet pigment, and cobalt green is achieved by combining cobalt oxides with zinc oxides. (mentalfloss.com)
C.I. Pigment Violet 16 History and application: 18th century. (polymetaal.nl)
These included cheap synthetic pigments such as French ultramarine, zinc white, and cobalt violet. (crfashionbook.com)

In thanks, the clan leader painted for Thompson, in 1935, a lively work on bark-the earliest in the show-peopled with lizards, tortoises, and other abstracted designs, silhouetted against a wash of black pigment. (neh.gov)

The components of many tattoo pigments have been identified, although new formulations continue to appear (see Tattoo Pigments, below). (medscape.com)

Pigments are very fine powders that are the basis of various paints. (pigment.tokyo)
This pigment can give bleed through in oil paints and so cannot be built up in layers. (polymetaal.nl)
The pigments are procured from every continent except Antarctica, and the paints are manufactured in Seattle, Washington. (aworkofheart.com)
The compounds that pigment consists of not only makes up the color in paints, plastics, cosmetics, and clothes, but are also in the food and drinks that we consume. (crfashionbook.com)
In addition to their highly pigmented and archival qualities, Holbein DUO paints have a unique additive which works as a surfactant that allows the paint to dry faster than the traditional oil colours when blended with water. (opusartsupplies.com)
Cobalt is used in the manufacture of cutting and grinding tools, in pigments and paints, coloured glass, medical implants, electroplating, and increasingly in lithium-ion battery production. (who.int)

Automobiles Several car manufacturers including Jeep and Bugatti have cobalt blue as paint options. (wikipedia.org)
Some separation of pigment and medium may occur in Rublev Colours Watercolors and is a natural process when no stabilizers are added to paint to prevent this from occurring. (naturalpigments.ca)
Not strictly classical, jazz or ambient electronica but rather a body of 'movements,' Pigments is an expressive soundscape that is an immersive passage through the city as seen through the eyes of a young Black girl with dreams to paint her future with the pigments given to her. (electricfetus.com)
Cobalt hides out in everyday objects and happenings around us, from batteries and blue paint to medical procedures. (mentalfloss.com)
Cobalt produces brilliant blue pigments which have been used since ancient times to color paint and glass. (americanelements.com)
Likewise, examination under the microscope revealed that the Madonna's lips are outlined with black paint, although Botticelli's practice was to paint them with a madder lake pigment. (nationalgallery.org.uk)
For example, a cadmium hue will be a paint that looks like cadmium but doesn't actually contain cadmium, just a blend of other pigments. (liquitex.com)
Some organic solvents, resin monomers and related compounds, pigments and occupational exposures in paint manufacture and painting / this publication represents the views and expert opinions of an IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans which met in Lyon, 18-25 October 1988. (who.int)
Evaluates the carcinogenic risk to humans posed by exposure to selected organic solvents, resin monomers, and pigments used in paint. (who.int)

however, the foliage in 'Madonna of the Veil' was shown to have been intentionally painted using an umber pigment to imitate this effect, giving it a false sense of age. (nationalgallery.org.uk)

It is stable and lightfast and also compatible with all other pigments. (wikipedia.org)

The largest breakthrough prior to Subramanian's development was Yves Klein's contribution in the 1960s, when the artist sought purity of pigment and created Klein International Blue, using a synthetic binding to alter the depth of color rather than a new pigment. (crfashionbook.com)

Flash forward to the industrialization boom of the 18th century, when technological advances accompanied by an increased demand for dyes in order to produce textiles led to the discovery of many new pigments. (crfashionbook.com)

From Egypt to China, artisans created blue glass from cobalt compounds for thousands of years. (mentalfloss.com)
Do your pigments contain lead compounds? (kruegerpottery.com)
u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e A. No. Lead compounds are not used in Mason pigments. (kruegerpottery.com)
It's no wonder then that pigment-a group of intensely colored compounds that are used to color other materials-is highly valuable. (crfashionbook.com)
The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) is pleased to announce that Volume 131 of the IARC Monographs , Cobalt, antimony compounds, and weapons-grade tungsten alloy, is now available online. (who.int)

Cobalt is a metallic mineral pigment which typically means they are quite colorfast. (brooklynmuseum.org)
Though you can find cobalt just about everywhere-in the soil, in mineral deposits, and even in crusts on the seafloor-it's always combined with other elements like nickel, copper, iron, or arsenic, such as in the bright crimson arsenate mineral erythrite . (mentalfloss.com)
History and application: Ancient mineral pigments from France, Italy, Germany and Cyprus. (polymetaal.nl)
An artificial mineral pigment. (polymetaal.nl)
Mineral pigments from France and Italy. (polymetaal.nl)

Kobalt-chromitová modro-zelená spinel CI Pigment Bl. (jufapigment.com)

Tumor-induced glaucoma may be produced by obstruction of outflow pathways by pigment cells (pigment dispersion syndrome), melanin-laden macrophages (melanomalytic glaucoma), or tumor cells. (medscape.com)

Cobalt sulfate and other soluble cobalt (II) salts are possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). (who.int)
Cobalt metal and soluble cobalt(II) salts were classified as probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A) on the basis of sufficient evidence in experimental animals and strong mechanistic evidence in human primary cells. (who.int)

id":621635305535,"title":"6160 - Dk, Chocolate Brown","handle":"mason-6160","description":"Mason Stains ® (by Mason Color Works) are manufactured pigments that can be added to glazes, slips, engobes or even clay bodies. (kruegerpottery.com)

As an essential ingredient in our binding medium, honey contributes to moistness for smooth, easily controlled applications, increased pigment concentrations, and freedom from over reliance on preservatives. (mgraham.com)
1992). For example, in two factories in the USA producing hard metals, peak cobalt concentrations in air during weighing, mixing and milling exceeded 500 µg/m3 in more than half of all samples (Sprince et al. (who.int)
1984), and in powder rooms with poorly-regulated control of cobalt dusts, concentrations of cobalt in air ranged from between 10 µg/m3 and 160 µg/m3 (Auchincloss et al. (who.int)
Cobalt concentrations in air were determined for all stages in the manufacturing process in Japan (Kusaka et al. (who.int)
1996). The concentrations of cobalt were shown to be lognormally distributed and the geometric means for the different workshops ranged from 2 µg/m3 in blasting and electron discharging to 211 µg/m3 in rotation in powder prevention to 233 µg/m3 in rubber press. (who.int)
Several studies exist that have examined cobalt concentrations in urine. (who.int)
Treat with high concentrations of humidified oxygen en route to the hospital. (medscape.com)

Designed specifically for use in epoxy resin, it can be added to a clear base to create an incredible color or these pigments can be further enhanced if added over a white or black base. (phoenixpigments.com)
Color mixer is an experimental feature using Mixbox: Pigment-Based Color Mixing . (artistpigments.org)
In 1742, Swedish chemist Georg Brandt showed that the blue color was due to a previously unidentified metal, cobalt. (wikipedia.org)
The first recorded use of cobalt blue as a color name in English was in 1777. (wikipedia.org)
Cobalt blue is a commonly used color for interior decorating. (wikipedia.org)
Sports Two Major League Soccer teams have cobalt blue as a secondary color: Real Salt Lake from its inception, and Sporting Kansas City on its home uniforms since 2008. (wikipedia.org)
Video games Sega's official logo color is cobalt blue. (wikipedia.org)
Color Sample of Cobalt Blue: Page 131 Plate 34 Color Sample L7 Gehlen, A.F. (1803). (wikipedia.org)
The color was long attributed to the element bismuth, depriving cobalt of pigment fame. (mentalfloss.com)
The color index name is a generic category and does not refer to a specific pigment. (mgraham.com)
in conjunction with the color index name, the chemical name can be used to broaden the artists understanding of the source and nature of the pigment used. (mgraham.com)
Our ratings utilize a combination of historical data, accelerated testing and data from pigment manufacturers to establish one of the toughest standards among artists color makers today. (mgraham.com)
RCW36#1.0, yellow, has five different pigment color values located in it. (realcolorwheel.com)
Outer rings, a lighter pigment or a tinted hue of this color. (realcolorwheel.com)
36RCW#1.4 is the Mass-Color one transparent pigment. (realcolorwheel.com)
36RCW#1.6 is the Mass-Color of most transparent pigments. (realcolorwheel.com)
Winton represents one of the best values in oil color and is made from high quality pigments. (schoolspecialty.com)
The cobalt color is extremely pigmented and bright, almost electric even. (purewow.com)
What appears at a distance as a dense field of color is up close a latticework of delicately handled pigment, each stroke intentional. (neh.gov)
Can I mix pigments to make my own color palette? (kruegerpottery.com)
The biggest factor in the cost of artists' color is the pigment. (liquitex.com)
The more pigments that are being mixed together, the faster your color will turn brown and muddy. (liquitex.com)
From the green used to color the Egyptian tombs, to the pink in MAC's Viva Glam Lipstick, pigments color the world around us. (crfashionbook.com)
After being widely used from everything from children's toys to lampshades, the color-also dubbed Paris green and later Poison green-was abandoned after numerous fatalities were linked to the pigment used for its specific formula. (crfashionbook.com)

22.00 : Guerrapaint & Pigment Corp. (guerrapaint.com)

C.I. Pigment Yellow 3/ Pigment White 18/21 History and application: Early 20th century. (polymetaal.nl)
C.I. Pigment Red 122/ Pigment White 18 History and application: 20th century A guinacridone compound. (polymetaal.nl)
Regulations regarding the pigment chemistry also arose in the 20th century, when, in the mid-1900s, the International Organization for Standardization was founded to establish technical standards for the manufacturing of pigments and dyes. (crfashionbook.com)

The chemical name is a brief, commonly used generic type designation of the pigment types composition. (mgraham.com)

Sulphur and nitrogen dual-doped mesoporous carbon hybrid coupling with graphite coated cobalt and cobalt sulfide nanoparticles: Rational synthesis and advanced multifunctional electrochemical properties. (americanelements.com)
Herein, graphite coated cobalt and cobalt sulfide nanoparticles decorating on sulphur and nitrogen dual-doped mesoporous carbon (Co@Co9S8/S-N-C) was fabricated by a combined hydrothermal reaction with pyrolysis method. (americanelements.com)

Cobalt blue in impure forms had long been used in Chinese porcelain. (wikipedia.org)
Art Cobalt blue was the primary blue pigment used for centuries in Chinese blue and white porcelain, beginning in the late eighth or early ninth century. (wikipedia.org)

The poor tinting strength and high cost of cobalt green kept it in limited use. (naturalpigments.eu)
For instance, Blue Pigment Powder mixed with green pigment powder in varied ratios can produce turquoise, teal and aqua colours. (vedaoils.co.uk)
Cobalt Teal 097 is a vivid, high key, cool blue green. (mgraham.com)
C.I. Pigment Green 7/ Pigment Yellow 1. (polymetaal.nl)
Red in pigments is not the opposite of green, it is opposite cyan. (realcolorwheel.com)
Emerald green pigment, created by two German men named Russ and Sattler in 1814 using arsenic and verdigris, turned out to be toxic. (crfashionbook.com)

Cobalt was first discovered by George Brandt in 1732. (americanelements.com)

Cobalt with tungsten carbide by Bruce A. Fowler PhD and Damien M. McElvenny MSc. (who.int)
Cobalt metal with tungsten carbide is probably carcinogenic in humans (Group 2A). (who.int)
Cobalt metal without tungsten carbide is possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). (who.int)

With its 27 protons, cobalt is sandwiched between iron and nickel in the middle portion of the periodic table with the other 'transition' metals, which bridge the main group elements located on either side. (mentalfloss.com)
There is a 'big upswing in people looking at iron, nickel, and cobalt because of their price,' Holland tells Mental Floss. (mentalfloss.com)
and weapons-grade tungsten (with nickel and cobalt) alloy. (who.int)
Two of these agents - pentavalent antimony and weapons-grade tungsten (with nickel and cobalt) alloy - were evaluated by the Working Group for the first time. (who.int)

The cornea is then examined for other opacities such as edema, pigment, and vascularization. (vin.com)

It is a true guaranteed fact that even a tiny amount of the Vedaoils Cobalt Blue Soap Powder goes a very long way in the preparation of blue tinged products, which may range from soaps and candles to cosmetic items. (vedaoils.co.uk)
Cobalt Blue Pigment Powder is enriched with mica, highly popular ingredient in beauty industry due to non-bleeding and non-morphing properties. (vedaoils.co.uk)

Cobalt is widely distributed in the environment, occurring in the earth's crust mainly in the form of sulfides, oxides and arsenides. (who.int)

Dawn Richard and Spencer Zahn will release their debut collaborative album Pigments via Merge Records in October. (thevinylfactory.com)

It was independently discovered as a pure alumina-based pigment by Louis Jacques Thénard in 1802. (wikipedia.org)
Genuine Cobalt was discovered in 1802 by French chemist Thenard as an alternative pigment to the expensive Lapis Lazuli blue. (schoolspecialty.com)

The billion a year market is constantly looking for ways to expand, but in truth good pigment is no easy feat. In fact, it was only a mere 10 years ago that the chemist Mas Subramanian accidentally discovered the first blue pigment in two centuries, known as YInMn blue. (crfashionbook.com)

The textile industry saw the addition of cobalt blue (1807), viridian (1838), cadmium yellow (1820), and more. (crfashionbook.com)

Occupational exposure to cobalt occurs predominantly during the refining of cobalt, in the production of alloys, and in the hard-metal industry where workers may be exposed during the manufacture and maintenance of hard-metal tools and during the use of diamond-cobalt tools. (who.int)

Cobalt is one of the few elements that are ferromagnetic , which means it can become magnetized when exposed to an external magnetic field. (mentalfloss.com)
Cobalt is a ferromagnetic metal and is used primarily in the production of magnetic and high-strength superalloys . (americanelements.com)

When mixed with the right metals, cobalt can also help create materials called 'superalloys' that keep their strength under huge stress and high temperatures-advantageous, for instance, in a jet engine. (mentalfloss.com)
Scientists such as chemist Patrick Holland at Yale University are looking at ways to use cobalt in place of the more rare and expensive metals often used in industrial catalysts. (mentalfloss.com)
Exposure to hard-metal dust takes place at all stages of the production of hard metals, but the highest levels of exposure to cobalt have been reported to occur during the weighing, grinding and finishing phases (Reber and Burckhardt 1970, McDermot 1971, NIOSH 1981, Sprince et al. (who.int)

Anatomy12

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs35

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment8

Phenomena and Processes5

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science1

Single Pigment2

Natural Pigments2

Cadmium and cobalt1

Glaze3

Aluminate3

Lightfastness3

Oxide10

Binder3

Inorganic PIgment2

Colors18

Ores4

Colour3

Dyes and pigments1

Watercolor2

Cadmiums1

Blue hue3

Aureolin3

Prussian blue2

Violet3

Black pigment1

Tattoo pigments1

Paints6

Paint9

Umber1

Lightfast1

Purity1

18th century1

Compounds5

Mineral5

Spinel1

Dispersion1

Soluble2

Mason Color Works1

Concentrations7

Color24

22.001

20th century3

Chemical Name1

Sulfide2

Porcelain2

Green6

George Brandt1

Tungsten carbide3

Nickel4

Vascularization1

Powder2

Oxides1

Spencer Zahn1

18022

Centuries1

18071

Occupational1

Ferromagnetic2

Metals3