• Homeodomain proteins regulate gene expression and cell differentiation during early embryonic development, thus mutations in homeobox genes can cause developmental disorders. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bone morphogenetic proteins regulate multiple processes in embryonic development, including early dorso-ventral patterning and neural crest development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Homeobox genes encode homeodomain protein products that are transcription factors sharing a characteristic protein fold structure that binds DNA to regulate expression of target genes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nuclear Smads associate with additional transcriptional regulators and cofactors, and regulate transcription of their target genes [reviewed in 43 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The homeobox domain was first identified in a number of Drosophila homeotic and segmentation proteins, but is now known to be well-conserved in many other animals, including vertebrates. (wikipedia.org)
  • One of the principal differences between HTH motifs in these different proteins arises from the stereochemical requirement for glycine in the turn which is needed to avoid steric interference of the beta-carbon with the main chain: for cro and repressor proteins the glycine appears to be mandatory, whereas for many of the homeotic and other DNA-binding proteins the requirement is relaxed. (wikipedia.org)
  • The characteristic homeodomain protein fold consists of a 60-amino acid long domain composed of three alpha helixes. (wikipedia.org)