Photosynthetic proteins algae cell wall. Medical search. Frequent questions

Distribution of an amino acid-containing phospholipid in brown algae. (bio.net)
[10] But despite their name, red algae can vary greatly in color from bright green, soft pink, resembling brown algae, to shades of red and purple, and may be almost black at greater depths. (wikipedia.org)
[17] In addition to multicellular brown algae, it is estimated that more than half of all known species of microbial eukaryotes harbor red-alga-derived plastids. (wikipedia.org)
Brown algae d. (rbsesolutions.com)
in Brown algae (Phaeophvceae) cell wall is madeup of Alginic acid and Fucinic acid along with cellulose. (rbsesolutions.com)
They are now classifed as protists based on modern insights on phylogentic relationship with photosynthetic organisms such as brown algae and diatoms. (ensembl.org)
a. euglenoids c. brown algae b. green algae d. red algae Rhodophyceae (Red Algae) There are about 5000 known species of Red Algae most of them are lived in marine except a few freshwater forms (Batrachospermum). (agcommercialloan.com)
Not as large as brown algae, the red seaweed body (thallus) is built of complex, branched filaments. (sea-veg.info)
Brown algae are another essential group of algae, mostly found in marine environments. (maritimepage.com)
Fucus and Sargassum are other common types of brown algae typically found in coastal areas. (maritimepage.com)
b) Brown algae have chlorophyll a and c and fucoxanthin. (recruitmenttopper.com)

Cell walls serve similar purposes in those organisms that possess them. (wikipedia.org)
Prokaryotic organisms have varying cell shapes. (aramram.tv)
The term algae encompasses photosynthetic organisms from both the bacteria and eukaryotes. (thewildlife.blog)
It's really all those photosynthetic organisms that are not plants. (thewildlife.blog)
We emphasized that in the cells of many organisms (which contain more than single organelles) the mitochondria lack permanent iden-tity. (asmblog.org)
However, in some unicellular organisms one can reasonably say that the number is indeed one of a given type of organelle per cell. (asmblog.org)
Red algae are protists or microscopic organisms in the phylum Rhodophyta, and range from simple one-celled organisms to complex, multi-celled organisms. (agcommercialloan.com)
Photosynthetic organisms in nature often experience light fluctuations. (uni-konstanz.de)
To preempt high light induced photodamage, photosynthetic organisms evolved numerous photoprotective mechanisms. (uni-konstanz.de)
Unicellular organisms are made up of only one cell that carries out all of the functions needed by the organism while multicellular organisms use many different cells to function. (microblife.in)
Unicellular organisms are organisms consisting of one cell only that performs all vital functions including metabolism excretion and reproduction. (microblife.in)
Multicellular organisms are made up of multiple cells. (microblife.in)
Unicellular organisms are composed of a single cell unlike multicellular organisms that are made of many cells. (microblife.in)
Amoebas Algae Plankton and bacteria are single-celled organisms. (microblife.in)
Unicellular organisms are those whose body consists of a single cell which performs all functions of the body . (microblife.in)
Some organisms are multicellular whose body consists of many cells. (microblife.in)
Algae, a diverse group of aquatic organisms, play a crucial role in our ecosystems and have a significant impact on various industries such as energy, food, pharmaceuticals, and the environment. (maritimepage.com)
Algae are diverse aquatic organisms, that play a vital role in ecosystems and various industries. (maritimepage.com)
Green algae are a diverse group of photosynthetic organisms that can be found in various aquatic environments, such as freshwater, marine, and even some terrestrial habitats. (maritimepage.com)
Red algae , also known as Rhodophyta, are predominantly marine organisms found in both shallow and deep waters. (maritimepage.com)
Algae are fascinating and diverse organisms, displaying a wide range of microscopic structures. (maritimepage.com)
Photosynthetic eukaryotes are a tremendously diverse collection of organisms, from bacterium-sized unicells and giant kelp in the oceans to the plants and trees that inhabit dry land. (biomedcentral.com)
5. In which group of organisms the cell walls form two thin overlapping shells which fit together? (recruitmenttopper.com)

In this article, we will discuss about What Is Blue Green Algae: Types, Characteristics, and Structures. (healthbeautyidea.com)
What Is Blue Green Algae? (healthbeautyidea.com)
Cyanobacteria or blue-green algae is a phylum (or "division") of bacteria that gets energy through photosynthesis. (healthbeautyidea.com)
Examples of single-cell blue green algae are Chroococcus and Gloeocapsa. (healthbeautyidea.com)
Examples of blue green algae in the form of yarn are Oscillatoria, Nostoc commune , Anabaena and Rivularia. (healthbeautyidea.com)
A filament blue green algae can also form a thick-walled spores that are resistant to heat and drying and are able to fixation / bind N (nitrogen) that is heterocysts. (healthbeautyidea.com)
Blue-green algae are unicellular, some form colonies, some are yarn-shaped. (healthbeautyidea.com)
On the prokaryotic side, there are diverse forms of bacteria and a group generally termed blue-green algae. (yourarticlelibrary.com)
Large aqueous vacuoles, like those which occur in many green algae are absent from the cells of cyanobacteria or blue green algae. (yourarticlelibrary.com)
There are about 150 genera and 1,500 species of fresh water, marine and terrestrial blue green algae (cyanobacteria) in this class. (yourarticlelibrary.com)
Blue green algae c. (rbsesolutions.com)
This latter category he broke into two sub-categories - Algae (including "Blue-green" algae, which we now know are actually bacteria) and Fungi. (bigroom.org)
The classification of Cyanobacteria (colloquially "blue green algae") has been fought between being algae or bacteria (for example, Haeckel classified Nostoc in the phylum Archephyta of Algae). (dcs-network.com)
Blue-green algae, also known as Cyanobacteria, are a unique group of photosynthetic bacteria found in a wide range of environments, including fresh and saltwater bodies, soil, and even in extreme conditions like hot springs. (maritimepage.com)
Blue-green algae can produce their own food through photosynthesis and are responsible for some of the earliest evidence of oxygen-producing photosynthesis on Earth. (maritimepage.com)
Some common types of blue-green algae include Spirulina and Anabaena. (maritimepage.com)
a) Blue-green algae (b) Saprophytic fungi (c) Archaebacteria (d) Eubacteria. (recruitmenttopper.com)
25. The cyanobacteria are also referred to as (Prelims 2012) (a) protists (b) golden algae (c) slime moulds (d) blue green algae. (recruitmenttopper.com)

One of the oldest forms of plant life on earth, chlorella is a unicellular, microscopic, fresh-water green algae, power-packed with nutrition. (vitamart.ca)
Fungi produce useful food products, and involved in food … Protozoaare non-phototrophic, unicellular, eukaryotic microorganisms with no cell walls. (projectbr.com)
Some examples of species and genera of red algae are: Red algal morphology is diverse ranging from unicellular forms to complex parenchymatous and non- parenchymatous thallus. (agcommercialloan.com)
In biology the adjective unicellular describes an organism that has only one single cell like most kinds of bacteria. (microblife.in)
A unicellular organism is an organism that consists of a single cell . (microblife.in)
Braun, A. Algarum unicellularium genera nova et minus cognita, praemissis observationibus de algis unicellularibus in genere (New and less known genera of unicellular algae, preceded by observations respecting unicellular algae in general). (dcs-network.com)
It was Leeuwenhoek, 1674 who first observed unicellular algae under the microscope. (dcs-network.com)
They can be unicellular or multicellular, and their cells contain various organelles similar to those found in higher plants. (maritimepage.com)
Paulinella chromatophora is a unicellular eukaryote that bears photosynthetic entities called chromatophores that are derived from cyanobacteria and has thus received much attention as a possible example of an organism in the early stages of organellogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)

Cell walls are absent in many eukaryotes, including animals, but are present in some other ones like fungi, algae and plants, and in most prokaryotes (except mollicute bacteria). (wikipedia.org)
In bacteria, the cell wall is composed of peptidoglycan. (wikipedia.org)
The cell walls of cyanobacteria show some chemical similarity to those of bacteria. (yourarticlelibrary.com)
The introductory chapters of the book include a discussion of taxonomy and the place of "Schizomycetes" (meaning bacteria that aren't photosynthetic) in the overall scheme of things. (bigroom.org)
There's a discussion that, given what information was available at the time, is perfectly reasonable and explains why bacteria are "plants", just like other fungi (Fungi, you see, are just plants that aren't photosynthetic - or so they explain). (bigroom.org)
The author claims that some bacteria - "Acetobacter xylinum" have cell-walls that consist of cellulose, just like plants. (bigroom.org)
Phage lysins work by degrading the bacterial cell wall, which is composed of the bacteria-specific molecule peptidoglycan. (ubigene.us)
Chloroplasts (photosynthesis) in green plants and algae originated as free living bacteria related to the cyanobacteria [the chloroplastic DNA is more similar to free-living Cyanobacteria DNA than to sequences from the plants the chloroplasts reside in]. (tripod.com)
Mitochondria are believed to have originated not from cyanobacteria but from an ancestor of the present-day purple photosynthetic bacteria that had lost its capacity for photosynthesis (chloroplasts from an ancestral Cyanobacterium). (tripod.com)

Structurally, eukaryotes possess a cell wall, which supports and protects the plasma membrane. (aramram.tv)
[16] This event (termed primary endosymbiosis ) is at the origin of the red and green algae (including the land plants or Embryophytes which emerged within them)) and the glaucophytes , which together make up the oldest evolutionary lineages of photosynthetic eukaryotes, the Archaeplastida . (wikipedia.org)
At approximately 16 Mbp, its nuclear genome is among the smallest known for non-symbiotic eukaryotes and cur-rently ranks as the smallest of all photosynthetic eukaryotes. (asmblog.org)
They are packets of genetic material and proteins without any of the structures that distinguish prokaryotes and eukaryotes. (microblife.in)

In addition to explaining the cells' prowess at photosynthesis, the new work helps to confirm the theory that those phytoplankton arose through a symbiotic alliance between a protozoan and a resilient red alga. (quantamagazine.org)
Those cells are extremely proficient at absorbing carbon dioxide from their environment and directing it to their chloroplasts for photosynthesis, but the details of why they are so good at it haven't been very clear. (quantamagazine.org)
Instead, the alga survived and became a symbiotic partner to the protozoan, feeding it the fruits of its photosynthesis. (quantamagazine.org)
Several proteins, both upregulated and downregulated, were identified as photosynthesis-related proteins, confirming an important effect of gamma irradiation on the photosynthetic process. (korea.ac.kr)
Algae use photosynthesis and solar energy to produce glucose from carbon dioxide. (algaeinnovationsmedia.com)
All algae get their energy from the sun from photosynthesis, but one thing that distinguishes red algae from other algae is that their cells lack flagella, the long, whiplike outgrowths from cells that are used for locomotion and sometimes serve a sensory function. (agcommercialloan.com)
While low light conditions limit the energy uptake by algae, light absorption exceeding the maximal rate of photosynthesis may go along with enhanced formation of potentially toxic reactive oxygen species. (uni-konstanz.de)
Algae capture light energy through photosynthesis and convert inorganic substances into simple sugars using the captured energy. (dcs-network.com)
Their ability to produce oxygen through photosynthesis makes algae a critical component of the Earth's life support system. (maritimepage.com)
Algal cells typically contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis, which allows them to produce energy from sunlight. (maritimepage.com)
Carbon flux through photosynthesis and central carbon metabolism show distinct patterns between algae, C-3 and C-4 plants. (mpg.de)

In cyanobacteria their nuclear material deoxyribo-nucleic acid (DNA), is not delimited from the remainder of the protoplasm by a nuclear membrane, but rather it is dispersed to some degree throughout the cell. (yourarticlelibrary.com)
Further investigations are required to explore the diverse chemical natures of distinct PBPs from different cyanobacteria and red algae because their amino acid sequences vary among different algal species. (m0b1le.net)
The abundance of PBPs is very high (approximately 40-60% of the total protein content and 20% of the dry weight of cyanobacteria)4. (m0b1le.net)
The plastids, or chloroplasts, of algae and plants evolved from cyanobacteria by endosymbiosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Early ultrastructural observations [ 8 ] showed that the chromatophore of Paulinella shares a suite of characteristics with extant cyanobacteria, particularly members of the genus Synechococcus , including the presence of a thick peptidoglycan wall and a similar manner of binary fission. (biomedcentral.com)

The plantlike single-celled aquatic microbes generate more than 50% of the oxygen in the atmosphere, and they absorb nearly half of the carbon dioxide, converting it into the glucose, fats, proteins and other organic molecules that nourish the food web of the oceans. (quantamagazine.org)
Scientists hypothesized that about 200 million years ago, a predatory protozoan tried to feast on a single-celled photosynthetic alga. (quantamagazine.org)
Green algae range from the single-celled to moderately complex structures. (sea-veg.info)

Chlorophyll and other pigments are a network, umbrella, around the electron transport chains that funnel the photons to that first protein complex (the major protein is D1). (thewildlife.blog)
The red algae form a distinct group characterized by having eukaryotic cells without flagella and centrioles , chloroplasts that lack external endoplasmic reticulum and contain unstacked (stroma) thylakoids , and use phycobiliproteins as accessory pigments , which give them their red color. (wikipedia.org)
The rapid changes in this ratio seemed to indicate that biliproteins, in addition to photosynthetic pigments, can act as transient N-storage compartments. (csic.es)
Although B light promoted the accumulation of photosynthetic pigments, the photosynthetic rate was higher in R than in B light. (csic.es)
Rhodophyta (red algae) A phylum of algae that are often pink or red in colour due to the presence of the pigments phycocyanin and phycoerythrin. (agcommercialloan.com)
The Rhodophyta (red algae) are a distinct eukaryotic lineage characterized by the accessory photosynthetic pigments phycoerythrin, phycocyanin and allophycocyanins arranged in phycobilisomes, and the absence of flagella and centrioles (Woelkerling 1990). (agcommercialloan.com)
type of algae that is red in color (contain chlorophyll a and reddish accessory pigments) and can be found in deep and warm waters. (agcommercialloan.com)
Not all of these algae are a reddish color, though, as those with less phycoerythrin may appear more green or blue than red due to the abundance of the other pigments. (agcommercialloan.com)
Red are benthic, but their distinctive combination of photosynthetic pigments allows them to survive in deeper water. (sea-veg.info)
Ø Pigments in algae belongs to three major categories: (1). (dcs-network.com)
Algae possess diverse characters in their pigments, nature of reserve food, nature of cilia etc. (dcs-network.com)
Apart from that, algae produce an array of useful compounds, including essential fatty acids, proteins, vitamins, and pigments that are utilized in a multitude of applications. (maritimepage.com)

Chloroplasts probably evolved following an endosymbiotic event between an ancestral, photosynthetic cyanobacterium and an early eukaryotic phagotroph . (wikipedia.org)
Plant cells have a cell wall, a large central vacuole, chloroplasts, and other specialized plastids, whereas animal cells do not. (coursehero.com)
In each cell, there is a nucleus, cytoplasm, a large central vacuole and spiral chloroplasts. (vedantu.com)
There may be 1-16 chloroplasts present in a cell. (vedantu.com)
These chloroplasts are responsible for the green coloration commonly associated with algae. (maritimepage.com)

He did not use the term algae. (dcs-network.com)

These highly coloured water soluble proteins contribute 30-50% of the total light-harvesting capacity of these biotas by absorbing light in the visible range of 450-650 nm, where chlorophyll absorbs poorly in this range. (m0b1le.net)
They then transfer the energy to the protein chlorophyll complexes of photosystem 2 in the photosynthetic lamellae2. (m0b1le.net)
Total protein extracts from low-light (LL) or high-light (HL) acclimated cells were loaded on a chlorophyll basis (μg of chlorophylls loaded are reported in the figure). (elifesciences.org)
Green algae are eukaryotic and contain chlorophyll, which is responsible for their green color. (maritimepage.com)

A recently published study in Current Biology finally pins down the source of this unparalleled photosynthetic efficiency, which has long baffled scientists. (quantamagazine.org)

Fungi possess cell walls made of the N-acetylglucosamine polymer chitin. (wikipedia.org)
Cell wall is formed of chitin in fungi, cellulose in green plants and absent in animal cells. (aramram.tv)
A phylum of fungi which have cross-walls or septa in the mycelium. (lookformedical.com)
Indeed, it was at one time thought that fungi had evolved from algae by loss of photosynthetic pigmentation. (istudy.pk)

In this study, the effect of ionizing radiation on an Arctic alga was examined by assessing photosynthetic efficiency, antioxidant capacity, and proteomic changes. (korea.ac.kr)
The photosynthetic efficiency markedly decreased in gamma-irradiated Zygnema sp. (korea.ac.kr)
The effects of elevated temperature on the photosynthetic efficiency of zooxanthellae in hospite from four different species of reef coral: A novel approach. (bio.net)
Demonstrates high photosynthetic efficiency. (algaeinnovationsmedia.com)
The photosynthetic efficiency under white light was also greater in R-grown than in B-grown algae. (csic.es)
In R light, higher photosynthetic efficiency, growth and carbon storage were promoted while in B light, accumulation of organic nitrogen (biliproteins, soluble proteins, amino acids) was produced without thallus expansion due to a lower C assimilation related to nitrogen. (csic.es)
We conclude that light and ABA signal competitively in order for algae to position themselves in the water column to minimise photo-oxidative stress and optimise photosynthetic efficiency. (nature.com)
Reasoning that high-light-induced photo-oxidation likely poses the main threat to photosynthetic algae, here the initial investigation focused on the effect of ABA on the photosynthetic efficiency of C. reinhardtii by measuring the ability of treated algae to deplete their growing media of dissolved HCO 3 − under different light levels. (nature.com)
Principles, efficiency, and blueprint character of solar-energy conversion in photosynthetic water oxidation. (fu-berlin.de)

A lgae producers select specific algae strains for valuable compounds grown in the algal biomass. (algaeinnovationsmedia.com)
Algal biomass includes primarily lipids, used to produce biofuel, proteins for food, feed and nutraceuticals and starches and carbohydrates that can be made into a litany of products. (algaeinnovationsmedia.com)
The Algae Gallery at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History includes considerable information on algae and links to algal sites. (algaeinnovationsmedia.com)
Each algal species offers a different proportion of lipids, starches and proteins, Table 1. (algaeinnovationsmedia.com)
1. Water Blooms or Alga Bloom: Presence of large amounts of nutrients in waters also causes excessive growth of planktonic (free-floating) algae such as Microcystis, Oscillatoria, called an algal bloom imparts a distinct colour to the ater bodies. (rbsesolutions.com)
Cyanobacterial and red algal species are the main algae used for the commercial production of phycobiliproteins, which are used as dyes, fluorescent labels, and diagnostic tools6. (m0b1le.net)
The phycobiliproteins extraction method includes cell rupture in order to release the proteins from inside algal cell to outside. (m0b1le.net)

The composition of cell walls varies between taxonomic group and species and may depend on cell type and developmental stage. (wikipedia.org)
[3] The Rhodophyta comprises one of the largest phyla of algae, containing over 7,000 currently recognized species with taxonomic revisions ongoing. (wikipedia.org)
[4] The majority of species (6,793) are found in the Florideophyceae ( class ), and mostly consist of multicellular , marine algae, including many notable seaweeds . (wikipedia.org)
[6] Approximately 5% of red algae species occur in freshwater environments, with greater concentrations found in warmer areas. (wikipedia.org)
Red algae such as Palmaria palmata (dulse) and Porphyra species ( laver / nori / gim ) are a traditional part of European and Asian cuisines and are used to make other products such as agar , carrageenans and other food additives . (wikipedia.org)
Cyanophyte, Cryptophyte, Cyanelle, and Rhodophyte species have phycobilisomes (PBSs) that act as antennae of the photosynthetic pigment apparatus. (m0b1le.net)
Proteins that originate from plants species belonging to the genus ARABIDOPSIS. (lookformedical.com)
It is a large group of algae consisting of about 831 genera and over 5;250 species. (agcommercialloan.com)
Brown seaweed (also known as Kelp) contains approximately 1,500 species, and comprises the largest and most complex body structure of any other algae. (sea-veg.info)
Red algae are important contributors to the marine ecosystem, as they are primary producers and serve as a habitat for various aquatic species. (maritimepage.com)
This group of algae is known for some of the largest and most complex species, such as kelp, which can form dense underwater forests3. (maritimepage.com)

Diatoms possess specific compartments and structures, including a silica shell surrounding the diatom cell, the so-called silica deposition vesicles (SDVs), as well as complex plastids that are surrounded by four membranes. (uni-konstanz.de)
The primary plastids of land plants, green algae, red algae and glaucophytes differ tremendously from their presumed cyanobacterial progenitors. (biomedcentral.com)

Genetic engineering of the processing site of D1 precursor protein of photosystem II reaction center in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (bio.net)
The kinesin- homologous protein encoded by the Chlamydomonas FLA10 gene is associated with basal bodies and centrioles. (bio.net)
Nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) induction in low-light (LL) acclimated Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells. (elifesciences.org)
Some well-known examples of green algae include Chlamydomonas, Spirogyra, and Ulva 1 . (maritimepage.com)
Therefore, the aim of this study was to define a specific role for ABA in the motile green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii , providing evidence that this phytohormone mediates the light-dependent diurnal rhythm of up and down gravitaxis of the algae in the water column. (nature.com)

Kinesin proteins: A phylum of motors for microtubule-based motility. (bio.net)

Possible effect of magnetically induced water structures on photosynthetic electron transport chains of a green alga Chlorella vulgaris. (bio.net)
While all eukaryotic cells contain the aforementioned organelles and structures, there are some striking differences between animal and plant cells. (coursehero.com)
Many red algae are known for their unique calcified structures, such as coralline algae, which play a key role in building and maintaining coral reefs. (maritimepage.com)
In addition, algae contain other cell structures such as the nucleus, mitochondria, and a protective cell wall. (maritimepage.com)

[14] The coralline algae , which secrete calcium carbonate and play a major role in building coral reefs , belong here. (wikipedia.org)

d) Protists have photosynthetic and het- erotrophic modes of nutrition. (recruitmenttopper.com)

The primary cell wall of land plants is composed of the polysaccharides cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectin. (wikipedia.org)
In plants, a secondary cell wall is a thicker additional layer of cellulose which increases wall rigidity. (wikipedia.org)
The cell walls contain peptides, hemicellulose and cellulose, and have a membrane. (healthbeautyidea.com)
4. Cell wall of most of algae is made up of Cellulose andPectin. (rbsesolutions.com)
In Red algae (Rhodophyceae) cell 'all has Polyesters suphates apart from cellulose. (rbsesolutions.com)
The cell wall consists of an inner layer of cellulose and an outer layer of pectin , which is responsible for the slippery texture of the algae. (vedantu.com)
Akinetes are also formed similarly but they have a thicker cell wall of cellulose and pectin. (vedantu.com)
Cell walls of plants have cellulose that is difficult to break. (eartheclipse.com)

Multiple filament colonies have the ability to differentiate into three different types of cells: vegetative cells are normal, photosynthetic cells in good environmental conditions, and thick-walled heterocists types containing nitrogenase enzymes. (healthbeautyidea.com)
AmiA and AmiB are peptidoglycan-hydrolyzing enzymes from Escherichia coli that are required to break the peptidoglycan layer during bacterial cell division and maintain integrity of the cell envelope. (bvsalud.org)
Most proteins are enzymes that catalyze biochemical reactions and plant metabolism. (algaeinnovationsmedia.com)
They are based either directly on the DNA sequences or on the properties of their protein products, especially enzymes. (istudy.pk)
Installation of C4 photosynthetic pathway enzymes in rice using a single construct. (mpg.de)

CGF is a water-soluble extract-unique to chlorella-containing a variety of substances including amino acids, peptides, proteins, vitamins, sugars and nucleic acids. (vitamart.ca)
Proteins are large organic compounds made of amino acids, arranged in a linear chain connected by peptide bonds. (algaeinnovationsmedia.com)
When algae are nutrient limited, such as nitrogen, phosphorous or sulfur, they decrease production of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids and may yield lower quality protein with fewer amino acids. (algaeinnovationsmedia.com)
Soluble protein and amino acid accumulation was mainly promoted by B light. (csic.es)
Assessing Protein Synthesis and Degradation Rates in Arabidopsis thaliana Using Amino Acid Analysis. (mpg.de)
Quantifying Protein Synthesis and Degradation in Arabidopsis by Dynamic 13CO2 Labeling and Analysis of Enrichment in Individual Amino Acids in Their Free Pools and in Protein. (mpg.de)

The crude forms of phycocyanin (C-PC) from the blue green alga Arthrospira platensis and allophycocyanin (APC) from the red macroalga Corallina officinalis were extracted and purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation, anion exchange chromatography, and size exclusion chromatography methods, respectively. (m0b1le.net)
In particular, extraction of phycocyanin is challenging due to thick cell walls and high levels of contaminants8. (m0b1le.net)
53]. Red Algae possess phycoerythrin (red pigment, C34H46O8N4) & phycocyanin (the blue pigment, C34H46O8N4) that's why they appear in red color. (agcommercialloan.com)

Unfortunately, much of the molecular and cellular evolution that accompanied the transition from cyanobacterium to photosynthetic organelle is unclear. (biomedcentral.com)
The question has long been: is the chromatophore just an endosymbiotic cyanobacterium or is it a photosynthetic organelle [ 9 ]? (biomedcentral.com)
Photosynthetic green algae evolved 1 to 1.5 billion years ago when a eukaryotic heterotroph encapsulated a cyanobacterium which ultimately formed a plastid 1 . (nature.com)

Recent experimental research with marine algae points towards quantum entanglement at ambient temperature, with correlations between essential biological units separated by distances as long as 20 Angstr¨oms. (sciforums.com)

Metabolic changes of the Antarctic green alga Prasiola crispa subjected to water stress investigated by in vivo 31P NMR. (bio.net)
Biotransformation of progesterone by the green alga Chlorella emersonii C211-8h. (bio.net)
Cell-wall polysaccharides from the marine green alga Ulva 'rigida' (Ulvales, Chlorophyta) - NMR analysis of ulvan oligosaccharides. (bio.net)
Green algae b. (rbsesolutions.com)
3. Others: The green alga Cephaleuros virescens cuases red rust on the leaves of tea and C. coftèae causes red ust on the leaves of coffee. (rbsesolutions.com)
Spirogyra are free-floating green algae present in freshwater habitats such as ponds, lakes, etc. (vedantu.com)
2005, the red algae are classified in the Archaeplastida, along with the glaucophytes and green algae plus land plants (Viridiplantae or Chloroplastida). (agcommercialloan.com)
Chlorophyceae or green algae, e.g. (dcs-network.com)
A 1994 diagram indicating our understanding of cladistic relationships of the major lineages of green algae and land plants. (dcs-network.com)
Thus, properly defining a role for ABA in a photosynthetic progenitor of land plants where water stress is not normally an issue, the green algae may give valuable insight into its other roles. (nature.com)
All land plants evolved from the green algae or Chlorophyta. (tripod.com)

Growth, pigment synthesis and nitrogen assimilation in the red alga Porphyra sp. (csic.es)
Korábbi cirkuláris dikroizmus (CD) spektroszkópiai vizsgálataink feltárták, hogy magasabb rendű növények és több algacsalád kloroplasztiszainak tilakoidmembránjaiban a pigment-protein komplexek kiterjedt, magasan szervezett királis makrodoméneket alkotnak, melynek köszönhetően a CD spektrumokban nagy erősségű, úgynevezett psi-típusú sávok jelennek meg (1. (brc.hu)

The thallus is multicellular with each cylindrical cell joined end to end. (vedantu.com)
Plants are all multicellular and consist of complex cells. (microblife.in)

The effects of long-term cultivation under red (R) and blue (B) light on growth, pigmentation and nitrogen assimilation in the red alga Porphyra sp. (csic.es)
Ø The classification of algae by Fritsch is primarily based of the pigmentation in algae. (dcs-network.com)

Division of both mitochondria and chloro-plasts involves both FtsZ (a homolog of the bacterial division protein, now encoded in the nuclear genome) and dynamin (a eukaryote-specific protein). (asmblog.org)
Useful ultrastructural details, provided by transmission electron microscopy , concern the appearance of mitochondria, properties of the septal pore , details of the cell wall during spore formation or germination, or the arrangement of secretory vesicles in the apex of growing hyphae. (istudy.pk)
They have a distinct nucleus, organelles involved in energy metabolism (mitochondria and chloroplast), extensive internal membranes and a cytoskeleton of protein fibres and flaments. (tripod.com)
Mitochondria were acquired when aerobic Eubacteria were engulfed by anaerobic host cells. (tripod.com)

Here we used single particle cryo-electron microscopy to determine the structure of a cell elongation-specific E. coli RodA-PBP2 complex. (bvsalud.org)
Water is split to release the electron that travels the electron transport chain in a protein complex right at the beginning of the chain. (thewildlife.blog)
Scanning electron and light micrographs of photosynthetic Paulinella sp . (biomedcentral.com)

Cells are of two types: eukaryotic, which contain a nucleus, and prokaryotic, which do not. (aramram.tv)
Prokaryotic cells are not as complex as eukaryotic cells.They have no true nucleus as the DNA is not contained within a membrane or separated from the rest of the cell, but is coiled up in a region of the cytoplasm called the nucleoid. (aramram.tv)
DNA is linear associated with large proteins and found in the nucleus. (aramram.tv)
Based on the presence of a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles, cells are broadly classified as Prokaryotic cells or Eukaryotic cells… The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane (PM) or cytoplasmic membrane, and historically referred to as the plasmalemma) is a biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment (the extracellular space) which protects the cell from its environment. (aramram.tv)
Cyanidioschyzon merolae cells contain a nucleus, a V-sha-ped mitochondrion, a dumb-bell-shaped plastid, a microbody and a Golgi apparatus, divisions of which can be highly synchronized by light/dark cycles. (asmblog.org)
A eukaryotic cell has a true membrane-bound nucleus and has other membranous organelles that allow for compartmentalization of functions. (coursehero.com)
Eukaryotic cells are larger than prokaryotic cells and have a "true" nucleus, membrane-bound organelles, and rod-shaped chromosomes. (coursehero.com)
The nucleus houses the cell's DNA and directs the synthesis of proteins and ribosomes. (coursehero.com)
Typically, the nucleus is the most prominent organelle in a cell. (coursehero.com)
Eukaryotic cells have a true nucleus, which means the cell's DNA is surrounded by a membrane. (coursehero.com)
Therefore, the nucleus houses the cell's DNA and directs the synthesis of proteins and ribosomes, the cellular organelles responsible for protein synthesis. (coursehero.com)
The nucleus stores chromatin (DNA plus proteins) in a gel-like substance called the nucleoplasm.The nucleolus is a condensed region of chromatin where ribosome synthesis occurs.The boundary of the nucleus is called the nuclear envelope.It consists of two phospholipid bilayers: an outer membrane and an inner membrane.The nuclear membrane is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum.Nuclear pores allow substances to enter and exit the nucleus. (coursehero.com)
Each cell of the filaments features a large central vacuole, within which the nucleus is suspended by fine strands of cytoplasm. (vedantu.com)
13. Viruses have (AIPMT 2014) (a) DNA enclosed in a protein coat (b) prokaryotic nucleus (c) single chromosome (d) both DNA and RNA. (recruitmenttopper.com)

Write four characteristics of algae. (rbsesolutions.com)
Learn more: Lecture Note in Algae General Characteristics. (dcs-network.com)
Although not technically algae, they are often classified and discussed in the context of algae due to their similar characteristics and functions 4 . (maritimepage.com)

Algae can make water soluble glucose, plant sugar, but it consumes considerable space. (algaeinnovationsmedia.com)

Thallus expansion, cell division and growth rate were higher under R than B light. (csic.es)
The cell area decreased during the first week coinciding with an increase in the number of cells per area and thallus expansion, but during a low growth rate phase (between days 10 and 14) the cell area increased mainly in B light. (csic.es)

Chlorella is 68% complete protein, and contains rich stores of antioxidants, essential fatty acids, vitamins, minerals and Chlorella Growth Factor (CGF). (vitamart.ca)

Exposure to carbapenems or zinc (Zn)-deprived growth conditions leads to a rod-to-sphere morphological transition in A. baumannii, an effect resembling that caused by deficiency in the RodA-PBP2 PG synthesis complex required for cell wall elongation. (bvsalud.org)

Peptidoglycan (PG) is an essential structural component of the bacterial cell wall that is synthetized during cell division and elongation. (bvsalud.org)
Our data suggest a hypothesis for the movement of the glycan strand from the Lipid II polymerization site of RodA towards the TP site of PBP2, functionally linking these two central enzymatic activities required for cell wall peptidoglycan biosynthesis. (bvsalud.org)
ß-lactam targeting of penicillin-binding protein (PBP)-mediated cell wall peptidoglycan (PG) formation is a well-established antimicrobial strategy. (bvsalud.org)

Algae possess cell walls made of glycoproteins and polysaccharides such as carrageenan and agar that are absent from land plants. (wikipedia.org)
By the 1980s, some authors suggested replacing the term "cell wall", particularly as it was used for plants, with the more precise term "extracellular matrix", as used for animal cells,: 168 but others preferred the older term. (wikipedia.org)
The flexibility of the cell walls is seen when plants wilt, so that the stems and leaves begin to droop, or in seaweeds that bend in water currents. (wikipedia.org)
Difference Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cell: Chemical Coordination in Plants & Animals, Must-Read General Studies Booklist for UPSC IAS Prelims, Must-Read General Studies Booklist for UPSC IAS Prelims in Hindi, Must-Read General Studies Booklist for UPSC IAS Mains, Must-Read General Studies Booklist for UPSC IAS Mains in Hindi, UPSC Topper 2013 Gaurav Agrawal Notes For IAS Preparation. (aramram.tv)
These algae live on rocks and are sometimes encountered endophytes (in the body of a living creature), or epiphytes in other plants. (healthbeautyidea.com)
All animals and non-photosynthetic plants are classified as heterotrophs since they are unable to prepare food. (microblife.in)
We suggest that the development of this response mechanism in motile algae may have been an important step in the evolution of terrestrial plants and that its retention therein strongly implicates ABA in the regulation of their relevant tropisms. (nature.com)

[17] A secondary endosymbiosis event involving an ancestral red alga and a heterotrophic eukaryote resulted in the evolution and diversification of several other photosynthetic lineages such as Cryptophyta , Haptophyta , Stramenopiles (or Heterokontophyta) , and Alveolata . (wikipedia.org)

A prokaryotic cell consists of different parts with special functions. (aramram.tv)
Cell envelope is the covering of a prokaryotic cell that protects it from injuries and shock. (aramram.tv)
Components of a Prokaryotic Cell. (aramram.tv)
Contextual translation of "prokaryotic cell" into Tamil. (aramram.tv)
Which is prokaryotic in below given cells? (rbsesolutions.com)
Like a prokaryotic cell, a eukaryotic cell has a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes. (coursehero.com)

Algae adapted the capability to make glucose in the form of starch, complex carbohydrates that are not soluble and store compactly. (algaeinnovationsmedia.com)
3. The storage products are cyanophycean starch and protein. (yourarticlelibrary.com)
Pyrenoids store starch and protein. (vedantu.com)

Eukaryotic Cells have a double membrane or two envelope system of organization. (aramram.tv)

The classification of algae proposed by Smith (1933, 51, 55) is based on the physiological characters of vegetative cells and the morphology of motile reproductive cells. (dcs-network.com)

The cell walls of archaea have various compositions, and may be formed of glycoprotein S-layers, pseudopeptidoglycan, or polysaccharides. (wikipedia.org)

On the one hand, proteins similar to those involved in energy metabolism, isoprene biosynthesis, and protein biosynthesis were significantly downregulated. (korea.ac.kr)

It enveloped the resilient alga in a membrane structure called a food vacuole to digest it, but for unknown reasons, digestion did not occur. (quantamagazine.org)
While cyanobacteria's cell walls are incredibly resilient, those of cryptophytes are very susceptible to disruption7. (m0b1le.net)

Thus does the prokaryote cell (and eukaryotic cell that possesses a cell wall) gain strength from a flexible plasma membrane pressing against a rigid cell wall. (wikipedia.org)
C. merolae is a red alga which measures a mere 2 μm and lacks a rigid cell wall. (asmblog.org)
a) They lack a rigid cell wall. (recruitmenttopper.com)

c) They have ability to synthesize nucleic acids and proteins. (recruitmenttopper.com)

A generally agreed classification of algae recognizes nine broad taxonomic groups, called Divisions. (dcs-network.com)

14. Archaebacteria differ from eubacteria in (AIPMT 2014) (a) cell membrane structure (b) mode of nutrition (c) cell shape (d) mode of reproduction. (recruitmenttopper.com)

The protein coding genes are imported from the Pythium Genome Database and 58 ncRNAs were predicted using Ensembl pipeline. (ensembl.org)

the class name Rhodophyceae is used for the red algae. (agcommercialloan.com)

I find it staggering that a proton enzyme that we have known for so many decades is responsible for maintaining such a crucial phenomenon on Earth," said Dennis Brown , a cell biologist at Harvard Medical School who studies the functions of membrane proteins and was not involved in the study. (quantamagazine.org)
Both C-PC and APC have been described as strong anti-oxidant agent against free radicals, might be related to their protein moieties that are crucial for the free radical scavenging process11. (m0b1le.net)

Some popular examples of red algae are Irish moss and dulse. (maritimepage.com)

The endoplasmic reticulum modifies proteins and synthesizes lipids, while the golgi apparatus is where the sorting, tagging, packaging, and distribution of lipids and proteins takes place. (coursehero.com)

Sometimes the middle lamella of one cell protrudes into an adjacent cell resulting in the breakage of the filament. (vedantu.com)
Conjugation tubes are formed between cells of the same filament. (vedantu.com)

Spirogyra are photosynthetic and contribute substantially to the total carbon dioxide fixation carried out. (vedantu.com)

The algae has spores. (healthbeautyidea.com)
and their spores are "liberated through the apex of sporangial cell. (agcommercialloan.com)

This means all life processes such as reproduction feeding digestion and excretion occur in one cell. (microblife.in)

NASA has studied chlorella for use in space travel as a photosynthetic link and source of nourishment and oxygen in controlled ecological life support systems3. (vitamart.ca)

Hugo von Mohl (1853, 1858) advocated the idea that the cell wall grows by apposition. (wikipedia.org)
Grows continuously which requires overcoming the stability problem common to algae cultures. (algaeinnovationsmedia.com)

Anatomy12

Organisms24

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs41

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment3

Phenomena and Processes11

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science4

Brown algae11

Organisms23

Blue green18

Unicellular9

Bacteria9

Eukaryotes4

Photosynthesis11

Cyanobacteria5

Single-celled3

Pigments12

Chloroplasts5

Term algae1

Chlorophyll4

Unparalleled photosynthetic efficiency1

Fungi4

Efficiency9

Algal7

Species11

Plastids2

Chlamydomonas5

Phylum1

Structures4

Coralline algae1

Protists1

Cellulose8

Enzymes5

Amino6

Phycocyanin3

Cyanobacterium3

Marine algae1

Green11

Pigment2

Multicellular2

Pigmentation2

Mitochondria4

Electron3

Nucleus14

Characteristics3

Water soluble1

Thallus2

Essential fatty1

Synthesis1

Peptidoglycan3

Plants7

Lineages1

Prokaryotic6

Starch3

Eukaryotic cells1

Motile1

Archaea1

Metabolism1

Resilient2

Rigid cell wall3

Nucleic1

Taxonomic1

Membrane structure1

Genome1

Rhodophyceae1

Crucial2

Dulse1

Endoplasmic reticulum1

Filament2

Carbon dioxide1

Spores2

Occur1

Chlorella1

Grows2