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Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosisCorynebacterium InfectionsCorynebacteriumYersinia pseudotuberculosisLymphadenitisYersinia pseudotuberculosis InfectionsSheep DiseasesPhospholipase DCorynebacterium glutamicumGoat DiseasesGoatsCorynebacterium diphtheriaeGenome, BacterialHorse DiseasesSheepDNA, BacterialYersiniaYersinia pestisBacterial VaccinesBacteriaSequence Analysis, DNAMolecular Sequence DataHorsesYersinia InfectionsSpecies Specificity
VirulenceCaseous lymphadenitisPathogenicPrevalenceLesionsFacultativeDiphtheriaeInfectSpeciesDomesticated sheep and goatsBacterialProteinsIsolationSurviveCharacteristicsSpecificallyGramAntibodiesDiseaseELISASearchInfectionIsolatesUlceransLymphadenitisDiphtheria toxinGenusNecrosisHorsesCitationIsolateHumanVolumeMajor
Virulence4
  • This bacterium uses the virulence factors phospholipase D and mycolic acid to damage eukaryotic cell walls and resist phagocytic lysosomal degradation, respectively. (wikipedia.org)
  • Moreover, C. ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis may produce phospholipase D, the major virulence factor involved in caseous lymphadenitis, which is a disease that mainly affects sheep, goats, and horses ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Comparative analyses of the exoproteomes of two C. pseudotuberculosis strains, in addition to comparison with other experimentally determined corynebacterial exoproteomes, were helpful to gain novel insights into the contribution of the exported proteins in the virulence of this bacterium. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In fact, one might expect that the majority of the virulence determinants of C. pseudotuberculosis would be present in the exoproteome, i.e . the entire set of bacterial proteins found in the extracellular milieu [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Caseous lymphadenitis5
Pathogenic2
  • This article provides an overview of the most important human pathogenic bacteria. (amboss.com)
  • The following table provides an overview of the nomenclature of important human pathogenic bacteria, according to their form and Gram staining properties. (amboss.com)
Prevalence3
  • citation needed] Although few recent studies have been conducted into its prevalence, data from slaughterhouses in Australia in the late 1980s suggested that C. pseudotuberculosis was affecting 50-60% of sheep. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although prevalence of CL varies by region and country, it is found worldwide and is of major concern for small ruminant producers in North America. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • The management system also found to affect the sero-prevalence of BTD and it was higher in migratory flocks (63.29% in sheep to 84.84% in goats) compared to stationary flocks (35.03% in sheep to 72.88% in goats). (cswri.res.in)
Lesions4
  • In general, this bacterium causes lesions of the skin, lymph nodes, and internal organs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Strains of C. ulcerans were isolated during routine bacteriological investigations in conjunction with necropsies of wild animals that were found dead or that had suspicious lesions during 1997-2013. (cdc.gov)
  • Culture of active lesions for Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is diagnostically definitive. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • Once established on a farm or region (endemic), it is primarily maintained by contamination of the environment with active draining lesions, animals with the internal form of the disease that contaminate the environment through nasal discharge or coughing, the ability of the bacteria to survive harsh environmental conditions, and lack of strict biosecurity necessary to reduce the number and prevent introduction of new cases. (msdvetmanual.com)
Facultative3
  • This bacterium is a facultative anaerobic organism that is catalase-positive and capable of beta-hemolysis. (wikipedia.org)
  • This bacterium is grown at 37 °C under aerobic or anaerobic conditions, thus C. pseudotuberculosis is a facultative anaerobe. (wikipedia.org)
  • Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is a facultative intracellular pathogen that belongs to the so-called CMN ( Corynebacterium-Mycobacterium-Nocardia ) group, a distinct subgroup of the Actinobacteria that also includes other highly important bacterial pathogens, such as Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis . (biomedcentral.com)
Diphtheriae1
  • The Corynebacterium species C. diphtheriae , C. ulcerans , and C. pseudotuberculosis form the C. diphtheriae group, as shown by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
Infect1
  • Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is a Gram-positive bacterium known globally to infect ruminants, horses, and rarely people. (wikipedia.org)
Species4
  • citation needed] It was finally renamed Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in 1948, to reflect that the clinical disease signs were similar to disease caused by M. tuberculosis species. (wikipedia.org)
  • C. ulcerans is a zoonotic pathogen and has been found in various animal species that have contact with humans ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • C. ulcerans is most closely related to C. pseudotuberculosis , and distinction between these species is often difficult when using standard bacteriological methods ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • In general the agents implicated in etiology of respiratory syndrome include a wide spectra of viruses such as PI 3, Adeno and Reo viruses, bacterial species such as Hemophilus, Bordetella, Pasteurella, Corynebacterium, Mycoplasma and Chlamydia along with a chain of predisposing factors mainly the environmental and managemental fluctuations. (cswri.res.in)
Domesticated sheep and goats1
Bacterial1
  • Infection with this bacterium is often confirmed by bacterial culture of the purulent exudate. (wikipedia.org)
Proteins3
  • 44 proteins were commonly identified in two different strains, isolated from distinct hosts, then composing a core C. pseudotuberculosis exoproteome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, evidence could be found for probable non-classical export of most of the remaining proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pooled sera and purified IgG from sera of both groups revealed venom proteins between 25 and 32 kDa and the recombinant phospholipase D isoform 1 (rLlPLD1), specifically. (biomedcentral.com)
Isolation1
  • The first isolation of C. pseudotuberculosis came from a cow lymph node in 1888, by French bacteriologist Edmond Nocard. (wikipedia.org)
Survive1
  • citation needed] C. pseudotuberculosis can survive in soil for up to 8 months and contaminate bedding and indoor handling facilities for several weeks. (wikipedia.org)
Characteristics1
  • Other characteristics of this bacterium include being nonsporulating, noncapsulated, and possessing fimbrae, but it is immobile. (wikipedia.org)
Specifically1
  • Specifically, C. pseudotuberculosis is intrinsically resistant to streptomycin, with varying resistance to penicillin and neomycin depending on the strain. (wikipedia.org)
Gram1
  • C. pseudotuberculosis is a Gram-positive bacterium that can be either coccoid or filamentous rods, which can be organized into palisades. (wikipedia.org)
Antibodies2
  • We found naturally heterophilic antibodies (IgG-type) in people without contact with Loxosceles spiders or any clinical history of loxoscelism. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During 1985-88, in sheep and goats, 7.01% of the animals were found positive for BTV antibodies on AGPT. (cswri.res.in)
Disease3
  • A disease known as ulcerative lymphagenitis can also result from infection with C. pseudotuberculosis in the distal limbs of horses. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] C. pseudotuberculosis also causes disease in horses, and should be considered prevalent in areas where cases of "pigeon fever" and "ulcerative lymphadenitis" have been recorded. (wikipedia.org)
  • From a public health perspective, diphtheria is the most critical human disease attributed to coryneform bacteria ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
ELISA2
  • The detection of L. laeta venom, Sicarius venom and recombinant phospholipases D from Loxosceles (PLDs) in sera from people with loxoscelism (Group 1) and from healthy people with no history of loxoscelism (Group 2) was evaluated using immuno-dot blot, indirect ELISA, and Western blot. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Competitive ELISA and indirect ELISA were found more or less equally sensitive. (cswri.res.in)
Search1
  • Enter search terms to find related veterinary topics, multimedia and more. (msdvetmanual.com)
Infection6
  • A disease known as ulcerative lymphagenitis can also result from infection with C. pseudotuberculosis in the distal limbs of horses. (wikipedia.org)
  • Infection with this bacterium is often confirmed by bacterial culture of the purulent exudate. (wikipedia.org)
  • Infection of domesticated sheep and goats has been found across the globe. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sporadic reports of Corynebacterium ulcerans infection in humans and animals have become increasingly common throughout the world. (nih.gov)
  • MBP:PLD:CP40 partially protected the mice against C. pseudotuberculosis infection and can be considered a potential new CLA immunogen. (bvsalud.org)
  • Infection with Corynebacterium ulcerans occurs sporadically throughout the world, and in the United Kingdom it has emerged as the most common cause of diphtheria-like disease ( 1 ). (blogspot.com)
Isolates3
  • Isolates of coryneform bacteria were subjected to conventional biochemical tests ( 3 ), and were evaluated after prolonged incubation at 37°C for as long as 14 days. (cdc.gov)
  • While an isolate from P. leo generated only phospholipase D (PLD), the other isolates produced both PLD and diphtheria-like toxin (DLT). (nih.gov)
  • all isolates were phospholipase-D positive for the 720-bp product. (blogspot.com)
Ulcerans6
  • Corynebacterium ulcerans may cause diphtheria in humans and caseous lymphadenitis in animals. (cdc.gov)
  • Moreover, C. ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis may produce phospholipase D, the major virulence factor involved in caseous lymphadenitis, which is a disease that mainly affects sheep, goats, and horses ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • C. ulcerans is a zoonotic pathogen and has been found in various animal species that have contact with humans ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • C. ulcerans is most closely related to C. pseudotuberculosis , and distinction between these species is often difficult when using standard bacteriological methods ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Strains of C. ulcerans were isolated during routine bacteriological investigations in conjunction with necropsies of wild animals that were found dead or that had suspicious lesions during 1997-2013. (cdc.gov)
  • Prevalence of Corynebacterium ulcerans in dogs in Osaka, Japan. (nih.gov)
Lymphadenitis3
  • In small ruminants, C. pseudotuberculosis causes a disease called caseous lymphadenitis characterized by pyogranulomatous abscess formation. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] Distribution of C. pseudotuberculosis is mostly traced by examining prevalence of caseous lymphadenitis, the bacterium's main pathological disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] C. pseudotuberculosis also causes disease in horses, and should be considered prevalent in areas where cases of "pigeon fever" and "ulcerative lymphadenitis" have been recorded. (wikipedia.org)
Diphtheria toxin1
Genus2
  • citation needed] Shortly after, it was sampled from abscesses in a sheep by Hugo von Preisz [hu], and the bacterium was named the "Preisz-Nocard" bacillus until further work by German microbiologists in the mid-1900s, when it was recategorized into the Corynebacterium genus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Spiders of Loxosceles genus are widely distributed and their venoms contain phospholipases D (PLDs), which degrade phospholipids and trigger inflammatory responses, dermonecrosis, hematological changes, and renal injuries. (bvsalud.org)
Necrosis1
  • These mutations eliminated the phospholipase activity and reduced the generation of skin necrosis and edema to residual levels. (bvsalud.org)
Horses2
  • Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is a Gram-positive bacterium known globally to infect ruminants, horses, and rarely people. (wikipedia.org)
  • As vector patterns change with warming temperatures, C. pseudotuberculosis in horses is re-emerging in the United States. (wikipedia.org)
Citation2
  • citation needed] It was finally renamed Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in 1948, to reflect that the clinical disease signs were similar to disease caused by M. tuberculosis species. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] C. pseudotuberculosis can survive in soil for up to 8 months and contaminate bedding and indoor handling facilities for several weeks. (wikipedia.org)
Isolate1
  • Southern blotting found that a human isolate was lysogenized by two corynephages coding DLT. (nih.gov)
Human3
  • From a public health perspective, diphtheria is the most critical human disease attributed to coryneform bacteria ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • This article provides an overview of the most important human pathogenic bacteria. (amboss.com)
  • The following table provides an overview of the nomenclature of important human pathogenic bacteria, according to their form and Gram staining properties. (amboss.com)
Volume1
  • We did not find changes in either packed cell volume, which is an internal control for volemic changes, or thrombocytes (data not shown). (mdmsignaling.com)
Major1
  • In the venom, the major toxins involved in the deleterious effects are phospholipases D (PLDs). (bvsalud.org)