Phenotype pre b cell receptors. Medical search. Frequent questions

Likewise, they have the ability to activate the angiogenesis, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of the main cell types involved in skin regeneration. (frontiersin.org)
AVE0991 inhibited perivascular inflammation, through the reduction of chemokine expression in pVAT, as well as through direct actions on monocytes/macrophages inhibiting their activation, characterized by IL-1β, TNF-α, MCP-1 and CXCL10 and differentiation to M1 phenotype. (gla.ac.uk)
Conclusions & implications: Selective Mas receptor agonist AVE0991 possesses anti-atherosclerotic and anti-inflammatory properties, affecting monocyte/macrophage differentiation and recruitment to perivascular space at early stages of atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice. (gla.ac.uk)
This makes their identification and differentiation from resident mesenchymal cells extremely difficult in the absence of further specific markers. (ersjournals.com)
Human tonsil and lymph node-derived FRCs constrained the proliferation of both naïve and pre-activated T cells, skewing their differentiation away from a central memory T cell phenotype. (birmingham.ac.uk)
We show here that these novel intrathymic DCs are truly myeloid, as they arise from CD34 + early thymic progenitors through CD34 lo intermediates which have lost the capacity to generate T cells, but display myelomonocytic differentiation potential. (ashpublications.org)
These molecular defects interfere with lymphocyte development and function, blocking the differentiation and proliferation of T cells and, in some types, of B cells and NK cells. (medscape.com)

Previous analyses of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons from patients with Lewy-body pathology revealed a deficiency in nuclear-encoded genes for mitochondrial respiration, many of which are targets for the transcription factor estrogen-related receptor gamma ( Esrrg /ERRγ). (nature.com)
Direct regulators of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes are members of the estrogen-related receptor (ERR) family, encoded by Esrra , Esrrb and Esrrg . (nature.com)
We establish that IGF-II-induced HIF2A/EPAS1 expression during hypoxia is due to de novo transcription and further present the estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) transcription factor as a positive regulator of HIF2A. (lu.se)

They include endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and keratinocytes. (frontiersin.org)
In addition, an in vitro administration of cystine, but not cysteine, to human endothelial cells increased Cyp1a1 expression, supporting cystine as a putative AhR activator. (unl.pt)
To study the contributions of vascular β-adrenergic receptor signaling in the tumor microenvironment, we utilized the Cdh5(PAC)-CreERT2 mouse to conditionally delete Adrb2 in endothelial cells. (taconic.com)
By intercrossing Adrb2-floxed mice to stromal Cre-expressing lines, including the endothelial-specific Cdh5(PAC)-CreERT2 mouse , Ali found that Conditional Adrb2 deletion in endothelial cells (ECs), but not myeloid cells or pericytes, inhibited angiogenesis and reduced disease progression throughout all histopathological cancer stages. (taconic.com)
Furthermore, we showed that endothelial cells are adrenergic stromal targets, and that conditional endothelial Adrb2 deletion inhibits the angiogenic switch and prostate cancer progression by increasing endothelial aerobic metabolism. (taconic.com)
Current pathophysiology studies are focused on the origin of the antibody response, the nature of the antigenic complex and pathologic epitopes, the mechanisms of interindividual differences in platelet activation, and the functions of monocytes and endothelial cells. (immune-source.com)
This development occurs under the influence of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), which is secreted by various cell types (eg, endothelial cells, fibroblasts). (msdmanuals.com)

GPHN and ARHGEF9 are often included in lists of genetic causes of hyperekplexia - but, in fact, they produce a much more complex phenotype, very distinct from classical hyperekplexia. (wikipedia.org)
RESULTS: We found that different in vitro models of fulvestrant resistance show variable stability in their phenotypes, which corresponded with distinct genomic alterations. (lu.se)
Furthermore, we are interested in the functional analyses of distinct purinergic receptors using patch clamp electrophysiology. (semmelweis.hu)
1-3 These nonoverlapping functions have been proposed to result from the actions of 2 major DC populations which have been characterized as myeloid and lymphoid DCs, respectively, on the basis of their anatomical localization and cell-surface phenotypes and, ultimately, of their distinct developmental origin. (ashpublications.org)
There are 2 subsets of DCs with distinct phenotype, localization, and function which have been described also in humans. (ashpublications.org)
Follicular dendritic cells are a distinct lineage (a different cell type than conventional dendritic cells), do not express class II MHC molecules, and therefore do not present antigen to Th cells. (msdmanuals.com)

Human T cells genetically modified to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) specific to the B cell tumor antigen CD19 can successfully eradicate systemic human CD19+ tumors in immunocompromised SCID-Beige mice. (technuc.com)
Introduction T cells may be genetically targeted to tumor antigens through the expression of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) transduced using gammaretroviral vectors(1). (technuc.com)
T cells were not permanently anergized by FRCs, and studies using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells showed that immunotherapeutic T cells retained effector functions in the presence of FRCs. (birmingham.ac.uk)

FRCs acted unilaterally without requiring T cell feedback, imposing suppression via indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase, adenosine 2a Receptor, prostaglandin E2, and TGFRI. (birmingham.ac.uk)
The A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) is attributed with multiple beneficial actions in ischemic-reperfused myocardium, including modulation of oncotic and apoptotic cell death and enhancement of contractile function. (edu.au)
Available evidence indicates that this receptor sub-type is minimally activated by endogenous adenosine during ischemia (A3AR antagonists exerting no effects on ischemic outcome), and is thus amenable to activation with exogenous agonists. (edu.au)
Nonetheless, A3ARs may be more promising as therapeutic "anti-ischemic" targets compared with other adenosine receptor subtypes, since A3AR agonists elicit fewer and less significant side-effects. (edu.au)
P1 receptors are adenosine receptors, whereas P2 receptors are activated by other extracellular purine and pyrimidine nucleotides such as ATP, ADP, UTP, UDP or UDP-glucose. (semmelweis.hu)

Further, B cell antigen receptor (BCR) activation induced proteome profiles were studied in anti-IgM stimulated Ramos cells in a time series. (lu.se)

Sandström J., Eggermann E., Charvet I., Roux A., Toni N ., Greggio C., Broyer A., Monnet-Tschudi F., Stoppini L. "Development and characterization of a human embryonic stem cell-derived 3D neural tissue model for neurotoxicity testing. (chuv.ch)
Gebara E., Bonaguidi M., Beckervordersandforth R., Sultan S., Udry F., Gijs P., Lie C., Ming G., Song H., Toni N . "Morpho-functional characterization of adult neural hippocampal stem cells reveals two morphotypes of radial glia-like cells. (chuv.ch)
Braun S., Moss J., Toni N. , Jessberger S. "Programming hippocampal neural stem/progenitor cells into oligodendrocytes enhances remyelination in the adult brain after injury" Cell Reports , 2015 Jun 23;11(11):1679-85. (chuv.ch)
As described in his AACR 2017 abstract , Ali used an orthotopic prostate cancer xenograft model to confirm his lab's previous findings by illustrating that genetic deletion of the SNS βAR neural receptors in the microenvironment inhibited tumor growth. (taconic.com)
Experiments presented in this dissertation explored the role of maternal overnutrition with a high fat diet (HFD) on several aspects of offspring phenotype: reward- and stress-related behaviours, the endocrine stress response, and associated neural gene expression. (utoronto.ca)
In a subset of peri-vascularly located immature neural crest-like neuroblastoma cells, aggressiveness and growth promoting charasteristics have been reported to be instigated by HIF-2α, a key element of the oxygen-sensing machinery. (lu.se)

Notably, the studied models presented adaptation at different cell cycle nodes to facilitate progression through the cell cycle and responded differently to CDK inhibitors. (lu.se)
Sex steroid receptors (SSRs), which are involved in BC etiology and progression, promote BCSC proliferation, dedifferentiation and migration. (wjgnet.com)
Ali next measured prostate cancer progression in the transgenic HI-myc prostate cancer model after conditional beta-2 adrenergic receptor (Adrb2) deletion in stromal populations. (taconic.com)
We showed that there was an increase in angiogenesis (an angiogenic switch), structurally patterned by adrenergic nerves, during progression from the pre-neoplastic low-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) to the cancer-committed high-grade PIN," Ali said. (taconic.com)

CXCL12 is a constitutively expressed chemokine which binds primarily to the CXCR4 receptor and regulates cell growth, chemotaxis, myelopoiesis, lymphopoiesis, and development of the nervous and cardiovascular systems. (haematologica.org)
Under prolonged cellular stresses, the σR1 translocates to the extended ER network, whereby it interacts with and regulates the function of a variety of ion channels, receptors, or kinases. (molvis.org)

Hyperekplexia is known to be caused by a variety of genes, encoding both pre- and postsynaptic proteins. (wikipedia.org)
in fact, these genes are targets of the transcriptional coactivator and master regulator of transcription of mitochondrial genes peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) 12 . (nature.com)
Other genes affecting coloration are involved in pigment production or development (i.e. regulating the development and migration of pigment cells during embryogenesis). (creation.com)
14 , 15 HIF-1 and HIF-2 mediate adaptive responses to hypoxia by inducing the transcription of genes associated with erythropoiesis, glycolytic metabolism, cell survival and angiogenesis. (haematologica.org)
E. coli K12 considerably enhanced the tran script ranges of Toll 1 and Toll 13 genes, whereas B. subtilis somewhat enhanced their transcript ranges while in six 24 h p. i, suggesting that these two Toll receptors responded towards the E. coli K12 challenge. (histaminereceptor-signal.com)
fmi-1 is the sole C. elegans ortholog of Drosophila flamingo and vertebrate Celsr genes, and this phenotype defines a new role for this important molecule in follower axon navigation. (biologists.com)
Defects in genes and proteins important for B cell maturation cause primary immunodeficiencies (see IDbase ). (lu.se)
Having observed an overlap in those data between the genes that predict outcome and those that predict estrogen receptor- status, we examined their predictive power in an independent data set. (lu.se)

The cells secrete extracellular vesicles (EV) that may have an endosomal origin, or from evaginations of the plasma membrane. (frontiersin.org)
On the other hand, the "exosome vesicle " is an extracellular particle released from the endosomal compartment of most eukaryotic cells. (frontiersin.org)
The exosome vesicles are a type of extracellular vesicles (EV), which are defined as lipid-bilayer spheroid structures, without replicating capacity, that are released from cells, including both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. (frontiersin.org)
In the same experimental system, IL-10 and BDNF gene expressions increased, and in HypoE22 cells, the extract decreased the extracellular dopamine level and increased the DAT gene expression due to the direct interaction of parthenolide with the DAT. (researchgate.net)
Here, an engineered framework, called an engineered extracellular matrix (EECM), was developed to provide support and cell-to-matrix interactions to developing brain organoids. (bvsalud.org)
Extracellular antigens (eg, from many bacteria) that are phagocytosed or endocytosed can be processed into peptides and complexed with surface class II MHC molecules on professional APCs, which specialize in presenting antigens to CD4 helper T (Th) cells. (msdmanuals.com)

Besides the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6), the increased expression of receptor repertoire (pattern recognition receptors, PRR) on APCs, mostly macrophages and dendritic cells, occurs as a result of the release of endogenous and exogenous antigens (damage-associated molecular patterns, DAMPs, and pathogen-associated molecular patterns, PAMPs). (hindawi.com)
Interestingly, perivascular adipose tissue (pVAT) and adventitial infiltration with macrophages and T cells precedes atherosclerotic plaque or the impairment of endothelium-dependent NO bioavailability as a measure of endothelial function. (gla.ac.uk)
Zhang G, Li Q, Tao W, Qin P, Chen J, Yang H, Chen J, Liu H, Dai Q, Zhen X. Sigma-1 receptor-regulated efferocytosis by infiltrating circulating macrophages/microglial cells protects against neuronal impairments and promotes functional recovery in cerebral ischemic stroke. (thno.org)
Accumulating evidence indicates that immune cells, especially brain-resident microglia and infiltrated circulating macrophages, are intimately involved in the pathological development of ischemic stroke [ 2 , 3 ]. (thno.org)
A large amount of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) released by all types of dead cells trigger inflammatory responses by activating microglial cells or macrophages [ 5 ]. (thno.org)
At infection sites, activated T cells secrete cytokines (eg, interferon-gamma [IFN-gamma]) that induce production of macrophage migration inhibitory factor, preventing macrophages from leaving. (msdmanuals.com)
Macrophages are phagocytic cells present in tissues throughout the body. (msdmanuals.com)

The human surface-expressed angiotension-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor has been identified as a functional receptor to mediate in vitro and in vivo cell-entry of SARS-CoV-2 - the etiological virus underpinning the current COVID-19 pandemic. (hriuk.org)

B Cell Development and Its Deregulation to Transformed States at the Pre-B Cell Receptor-Expressing Pre-BII Cell Stage -- Gene Expression Patterns in Human and Mouse B Cell Development -- New Insights into the Phenotype and Cell Derivation of B Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia -- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Molecular Genetics and Animal Models -- What Do Somatic Hypermutation and Class Switch Recombination Teach Us About Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia Pathogenesis? (epa.gov)
Collectively, we define a four-part molecular mechanism by which FRCs regulate the T cell response to strongly activating events in secondary lymphoid organs, while permitting activated and CAR T cells to utilise effector functions. (birmingham.ac.uk)
The endogenous role of these clinically important lipid mediators and their receptors is rapidly evolving but many questions about their regulation and molecular mechanisms of action remain to be answered. (berkeley.edu)
He stayed at Sheffield and undertook research into the molecular basis of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) receptor interactions with a focus on therapeutic intervention in allergy graduating with a PhD in 1997. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Dr Sayers has maintained his research interest in the molecular basis of asthma and allergy spending time with the Asthma Genetics Group in Southampton, UK (1998-2001) and in pre-clinical drug development in New Zealand at Genesis Research and Development Corporation and the Malaghan Institute (2001-2003). (nottingham.ac.uk)
The molecular mechanism used by these follower axons to navigate along pre-existing axons remains poorly understood. (biologists.com)
Alternative splicing of pre-mRNAs is an important means of regulating developmental processes, yet the molecular mechanisms governing alternative splicing in embryonic contexts are just beginning to emerge. (xenbase.org)
It is the prototype of the primary immunodeficiency diseases and is caused by numerous molecular defects that lead to severe compromise in the number and function of T cells, B cells, and occasionally natural killer (NK) cells. (medscape.com)
ER- status has been shown to Recent studies have shown that microarray analysis of leave a remarkable imprint on the expression profile of a tumors generate molecular phenotypes that can be used tumor, and may have confounding effects on the clinical to classify tumors into subgroups that are not evident by factor studied [7-9]. (lu.se)

More importantly, therapeutic amplification of this retinal lipoxins circuit stops retinal ganglion cell degeneration in pre-clinical glaucomatous neurodegeneration models. (berkeley.edu)
Most recently, based upon observations in a patient with Cushing's disease without a clinical phenotype, we have identified a novel role for 11β-HSD1 in controlling the response to exogenous glucocorticoid excess raising the potential for therapeutic inhibition of 11β-HSD1 may not only as a treatment for Cushing's disease, but as an approach to the treatment of iatrogenic glucocorticoid excess to limit adverse metabolic effects. (uni-luebeck.de)

Through them, the cells modify their microenvironment and the behavior of neighboring cells. (frontiersin.org)
Prior infusion of cyclophosphamide in the setting of this nTreg-mediated hostile microenvironment was able to restore the anti-tumor activity of subsequently infused 19-28z+ effector T cells through the eradication of tumor targeted nTregs. (technuc.com)
A MGC57564 potential etiology of treatment failure in the clinical setting may be the suppression of targeted T cells by a hostile tumor microenvironment infiltrated with CD4+ CD25hi regulatory T cells (Tregs) and myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) as well as tumor expression of inhibitory ligands (PD-L1) and cytokines (TGF-β and IL-10)(9-11). (technuc.com)
This hostile tumor microenvironment is largely unaddressed in pre-clinical models utilizing immune compromised mice. (technuc.com)
Patients with cancer including B SB-705498 cell malignancies have elevated numbers of Tregs in the peripheral blood and within the tumor microenvironment(19-21). (technuc.com)
Furthermore in a variety of cancers increased numbers of Tregs portends a poor prognosis(19 22 Although the mechanism of suppression by Tregs appears to be multifactorial(23) it is clear that the presence of SB-705498 Tregs within the tumor microenvironment could markedly hinder the anti-tumor efficacy of adoptively transferred tumor targeted effector T cells(24). (technuc.com)
Unlike most other organs, the bone marrow microenvironment is physiologically hypoxic, a pre-requisite for normal bone marrow hematopoiesis. (haematologica.org)

Inhibitory glycine receptors are ligand-gated chloride channels that facilitate fast responses in the brainstem and spinal-cord. (wikipedia.org)

Production and secretion of PTH are regulated by a G protein-coupled calcium-sensing receptor. (medscape.com)
A class of G protein-coupled receptors which bind histamine as their primary endogenous ligand. (histaminereceptor-signal.com)
FMI-1 has a unique and strikingly conserved structure with cadherin and C-terminal G-protein coupled receptor domains and could mediate cell-cell adhesion and signaling functions. (biologists.com)

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes were determined as the cellular effectors of GVHD, and the key role of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in T-lymphocyte activation was established during the following years [ 11 , 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Dendritic cells (DCs) are hematopoietic-derived highly specialized antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that display potent ability to induce both specific immune responses and deletion of potentially autoreactive T cells. (ashpublications.org)
Although some antigens (Ags) can stimulate the immune response directly, T cell-dependent acquired immune responses typically require antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to present antigen-derived peptides within major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. (msdmanuals.com)
Dendritic cells in the skin act as sentinel APCs, taking up antigen, then traveling to local lymph nodes where they can activate T cells. (msdmanuals.com)

In this study, the finding that a significant proportion of all dendritic cells (DCs) resident in vivo in the human postnatal thymus displayed a myeloid-related phenotype prompted us to re-examine the developmental origin of thymic DCs, a cell type hitherto considered to represent a homogeneous lymphoid-derived population. (ashpublications.org)
Dendritic cells are present in the skin (as Langerhans cells), lymph nodes, and tissues throughout the body. (msdmanuals.com)

Adapter protein that functions as a negative regulator of many signaling pathways that start from receptors at the cell surface. (abcam.com)
To prioritise pathways we will undertake high-throughput functional genomic screens using CRISPR, perform lung digital spatial transcriptomic profiling and utilise informative cell and tissue models. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Bioinformatic analysis of the proteomic phenotypes revealed shared Gene Ontology (GO) terms and signaling pathways within the clusters of co-expressed proteins (see Tables 1-2 ). (lu.se)

Systemic injection of targeted nTregs SB-705498 into SCID-Beige mice bearing established systemic Raji tumors prior to infusion of CD19-targeted CAR+ effector T cells wholly abolished effector T cell anti-tumor benefit while prior treatment with cyclophosphamide effectively reversed nTreg-mediated suppression of CD19-targeted CAR+ effector T cells. (technuc.com)
Ovarian tumors include luteoma of pregnancy, arrhenoblastoma, hilar-cell tumor, masculinizing ovarian stromal cell tumor, and Krukenberg tumor. (health.am)
In addition, expression of IGF-II and HIF-2α correlates in neuroblastoma cell lines, tumors and in sympathetic neuroblasts during embryonic week 6.5, but not later, suggesting that these IGF-II and HIF-2α expressing neuroblastomas originate from sympathetic pre-ganglia at developmental week 6.5 or earlier. (lu.se)
We conclude that it may be important to define prognostic expression profiles separately for estrogen receptor--positive and estrogen receptor-- negative tumors. (lu.se)
from which they extracted 70 that were used to predict recurrences within 5 years with an accuracy of 89% for a Estrogen receptor- and gene expression in test set of 20 tumors. (lu.se)

The GLRA1 gene encodes the glycine receptor, alpha 1 subunit, which, together with the glycine receptor beta subunit, forms synaptic glycine receptors. (wikipedia.org)
Homomeric glycine receptors composed exclusively of alpha-1 subunits exhibit normal ion channel electrophysiology, but are not sequestered at the synaptic junction. (wikipedia.org)
Homomeric glycine receptors composed of beta subunits do not open in response to glycine stimulation, however, the beta subunit is essential for proper receptor localization, through its interactions with gephyrin, which results in receptor clustering at the synaptic cleft. (wikipedia.org)
The SLC6A5 gene encodes the GlyT2 transporter, a neuronal pre-synaptic glycine re-uptake transporter. (wikipedia.org)
Any of these actions would drastically reduce the pre-synaptic cell's ability to produce the high vesicular concentrations of glycine necessary for proper glycine neurotransmission. (wikipedia.org)
Gephyrin is essential for glycine receptor clustering at synaptic junctions, through its action of binding both the glycine receptor beta subunit and internal cellular microtubule structures. (wikipedia.org)
Second, these antibodies impair the induction of synaptic plasticity, rebound potentiation, and LTD, on Purkinje cells, resulting in loss of restoration and compensation of the distorted "internal models. (springer.com)

The mechanisms of these vaso-protective effects of a Mas receptor agonist, AVE0991, remain unclear. (gla.ac.uk)
Pre-treatment with SIRT1 agonist SRT1720 rescued the PM 2.5 induced M1 response. (medsci.org)

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia: A Review of the Immuno-architecture -- Clinical and Laboratory Parameters That Define Clinically Relevant B-CLL Subgroups -- Differential Effects on CLL Cell Survival Exerted by Different Microenvironmental Elements -- Genotypic Prognostic Markers -- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia: Clinical Translations of Biological Features. (epa.gov)
The pre-clinical evidence supporting a pathogenic role for fibrocytes in fibroproliferative disease is compelling. (ersjournals.com)
Although the authors did not characterise these cells further, the results are consistent with the above reports of fibrocyte accumulation in the adventitia of these pre-clinical models. (ersjournals.com)
The overall aim of SYSTEMCERV is to develop and to validate, a system biology based proto-array for biomarker screening in cervical cancer and pre-cancer to improve clinical diagnosis, and management of disease. (europa.eu)
This impacted on several aspects of the research programme, in that we were not able to produce the SYSTEMCERV proto-array for validation of cervical pre-cancer clinical specimens on the SYSTEMCERV demonstrator device. (europa.eu)
These findings have significant implications on the design of future clinical trials utilizing CAR-based adoptive T cell therapies of cancer. (technuc.com)
However despite promising preclinical studies(2-5) results from initial clinical trials utilizing CAR-modified T cells have SB-705498 to date been disappointing(6-8). (technuc.com)
Taken together our data support the hypothesis SB-705498 that tumor specific nTregs may significantly compromise the anti-tumor efficacy of CAR-modified tumor-targeted effector T cells in the clinical setting and may in part explain the modest clinical outcomes reported in previously published clinical trials utilizing adoptively transferred CAR-modified T cells(6-8). (technuc.com)
Auto-antibodies induced neurological diseases show various clinical phenotypes (see details in Table 1 ). (springer.com)
Pre-clinical drug development in asthma. (nottingham.ac.uk)

Inhibition of chemokine receptor 4, the receptor for the stem cell mobiliser stromal-derived factor-1, significantly prevented and reversed hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in neonatal mice [ 13 ]. (ersjournals.com)
Further, Ali observed that tumor-growth inhibition was associated with defects in vessel branching, a phenotype also observed after chemical sympathectomy. (taconic.com)
Importantly, inhibition of miR-146a-3p upregulated SIRT1 protein and suppressed M1 polarization in PM 2.5 treated RAW264.7 cells. (medsci.org)

Insights into H 2 O 2 -induced signaling in Jurkat cells from analysis of gene expression. (otago.ac.nz)
Conditional Met KO mice were generated using Cre‑loxP methodology and characterization of these mice indicated that the HGF‑Met signaling pathway is essential in regeneration, protection, and homeostasis in various tissue types and cells. (spandidos-publications.com)

It is also the prototype of B-cell chronic lymphoid malignancies and of their ramifications within the fields of hematology, immunology and oncology. (epa.gov)
6 , 7 Murine DCs with the reciprocal CD8α + CD11b − phenotype, although present at various levels in all lymphoid organs, represent the prototype of the DC population resident in the postnatal thymus. (ashpublications.org)
8 As these latter DCs derive from an intrathymic lymphoid-restricted progenitor able to generate also T, B, and NK cells, but not myeloid cells, upon transfer in vivo, 5 , 9 , 10 they have hitherto been considered of lymphoid origin. (ashpublications.org)
they have receptors for the crystallizable fragment (Fc) region of immunoglobulin (Ig) G and for complement, which enable them to bind with immune complexes and present the complex to B cells in germinal centers of secondary lymphoid organs. (msdmanuals.com)

The GLRB gene encodes the beta subunit of the glycine receptor. (wikipedia.org)
4 It encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase involved in the development and homeostasis of several cell lines including melanocytic (pigment), hematologic (blood), mast, and germ cells. (creation.com)
It encodes the inactive pre-pro-HGF, a single chain of 728 amino acids (83 kDa), which includes a signal sequence ( 1 - 31 ), a heavy α chain (69 kDa), and a light β chain (34 kDa). (spandidos-publications.com)

Neuronal hyperexcitability in Alzheimer's disease: what are the drivers behind this aberrant phenotype? (nature.com)
Excessive neuroinflammation further promotes neuronal and glial cell damage and impairs brain repair and functional recovery. (thno.org)
RESULTS: The interstitial matrix-mimicking EECM enhanced neurogenesis, glial maturation, and neuronal diversity from human embryonic stem cells versus conventional protein matrix (Matrigel). (bvsalud.org)

METHODS: To study the complexity of the mechanisms involved in the resistance to the selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) fulvestrant, we performed comprehensive biomarker analyses using several in vitro models that recapitulate the heterogeneity of developed resistance. (lu.se)
CONCLUSIONS: These data highlight the complexity of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer and suggest that the development of diverse resistance mechanisms dictate levels of ER independence and potentially cross-resistance to CDK inhibitors. (lu.se)
Here, we show that FRCs create a regulatory checkpoint in human peripheral T cell activation through four mechanisms simultaneously utilised. (birmingham.ac.uk)
While the mechanisms responsible for aberrant plasma cell expression of CXCL12 remain to be determined, studies in other systems suggest a role for hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible transcription factors. (haematologica.org)
We hypothesized that an interplay between aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and cysteine-related thiolome at the kidney cortex underlies the mechanisms of (mal)adaptation to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), promoting arterial hypertension (HTN). (unl.pt)
This work contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the phenotype of OSA-HTN, mimicked by this model, which is in line with precision medicine challenges in OSA. (unl.pt)
To elucidate the mechanisms by which BRG1 professional motes invasion, we taken care of cells with an inhibitor of MMP2/MMP9 and performed invasion assays. (histaminereceptor-signal.com)
This will inform in-depth mechanistic assays at the cell, tissue and organ scales to identify the key mechanisms underpinning regulation of lung function in health and disease. (nottingham.ac.uk)

Pre-treatment with AVE0991 inhibited migration of THP-1 monocytes towards supernatants of activated adipocytes (SW872). (gla.ac.uk)

Genetically inherited forms arise from defects of parathyroid gland development, defects in the parathyroid hormone (PTH) gene, defects in the calcium-sensing receptor gene, defects in PTH action, defects in the autoimmune regulator gene, and genetic syndromes. (medscape.com)

Moreover, investigators identified new and expended T-cell clones with a mostly CD8-positive activate phenotype in all evaluated patients in a pre-/post-vaccination analysis of T-cell receptors in blood and tumor tissue. (cancernetwork.com)
Similarly, CD34+ cells can be identified in human scar tissue, suggesting that these cells may contribute to tissue remodelling and repair [ 5 ]. (ersjournals.com)

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is produced by stromal and mesenchymal cells, and it stimulates epithelial cell proliferation, motility, morphogenesis and angiogenesis in various organs via tyrosine phosphorylation of its cognate receptor, Met. (spandidos-publications.com)

Graft versus host disease (GVHD), a severe immunogenic complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), represents the most frequent cause of transplant-related mortality (TRM). (hindawi.com)
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) offers the only curative modality for many hematological disorders. (hindawi.com)
2 ] in 1994 and is defined by the expression of a variety of cell surface antigens, including the stem cell marker CD34, the pan-leukocyte marker CD45, and monocyte markers CD14 and CD11. (ersjournals.com)
KIT has also gone by several other names including c-kit , v-kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 feline sarcoma viral oncogene homolog, stem cell factor receptor, mast cell growth factor receptor, and CD117 . (creation.com)
Cell Stem Cell 2018 Apr 18. (chuv.ch)
SCID is considered a pediatric emergency because survival depends on expeditious stem cell reconstitution, usually by bone marrow transplantation (BMT). (medscape.com)

Thus far, the general rule is that mutations causing structurally normal proteins that cannot bind glycine or cannot properly undergo a required conformational change in response to glycine will result in a dominant form of the disease, while mutations that result in truncated or greatly malformed subunits that cannot be integrated into a receptor protein will result in a recessive form. (wikipedia.org)
Among these diverse features, it should be acknowledged that auto-antibodies toward glutamate receptors, GABA receptors, and K + channel-related proteins are preferentially found in autoimmune limbic encephalitis but not in IMCAs [ 10 ] (Table 1 ). (springer.com)
They work by recognizing and finding specific proteins or targets on cancer cells. (lu.se)

Conclusions Hypoxia-inducible factor-2 is a newly identified regulator of CXCL12 expression in multiple myeloma plasma cells and a major contributor to multiple myeloma plasma cell-induced angiogenesis. (haematologica.org)

For example, you have a cancer cell, and you want antibodies that can kill the cancer cell or activate a certain immune cell or so on, and then you develop the antibodies based on this. (lu.se)

Primary end points of the GT-30 trial included AEs based on CTCAE v5.0 and the immunogenicity of PTCV as measured by interferon-γ secreting T lymphocytes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMBCs) and by T-cell activation and cytolytic cell phenotype in PMBCs. (cancernetwork.com)
Using a rat model of CIH-HTN, we investigated the impact of short-term (1 and 7 days), mid-term (14 and 21 days, pre-HTN), and long-term intermittent hypoxia (IH) (up to 60 days, established HTN) on Cyp1a1 protein level (a sensitive hallmark of AhR activation) and cysteine-related thiol pools. (unl.pt)
Moreover, although interleukin 7 (IL-7) supports the generation of such myeloid intermediates, we show that their developmental branching from the main intrathymic T-cell pathway is linked to the up-regulation of the myelomonocytic granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) receptor, to the down-regulation of the IL-7 receptor and to the lack of pre-T-cell receptor α (pTα) gene transcriptional activation. (ashpublications.org)

It is known that alteration of the Sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R) is involved in the pathological development of some neurological diseases, including ischemic stroke. (thno.org)
Protected phenotypes arise with both pre- and post-ischemic treatment with A3AR agonists, and transient A3AR agonism also triggers early and delayed preconditioned states. (edu.au)

Retinal ganglion cell death was induced by acute optic nerve crush in wild-type and Sigmar1 −/− mice. (molvis.org)
Our data indicated faster retinal ganglion cell death in Sigmar1 −/− than in wild-type mice under the stresses caused by optic nerve crush, providing direct evidence for a role of the σR1 in alleviating retinal degeneration. (molvis.org)

We have identified a novel mechanism by which glucocorticoids cause insulin resistance in skeletal muscle through serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1. (uni-luebeck.de)

We demonstrate that deletion of ERRγ from DAergic neurons in adult mice was sufficient to cause a levodopa-responsive PD-like phenotype with reductions in mitochondrial gene expression and number, that partial deficiency of ERRγ hastens synuclein-mediated toxicity, and that ERRγ overexpression reduces inclusion load and delays synuclein-mediated cell loss. (nature.com)
The effects on dopamine (DA) release and dopamine transporter (DAT) gene expression were assayed in hypothalamic HypoE22 cells. (researchgate.net)
Combining these new datasets with existing published gene expression and protein expression data have identified selected panels of novel biomarkers which have been evaluated on over 100 cervical cancer and pre-cancer cases using standard immunohistochemistry approaches. (europa.eu)

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematologic malignancy characterized by the clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. (haematologica.org)
In X-linked SCID, loss of IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) function leads to the loss of a lymphocyte proliferation signal. (medscape.com)

The mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have immunomodulatory properties and a high regenerative capacity. (frontiersin.org)
Depleting β-adrenergic receptors (βARs) within the prostatic-stromal sympathetic nervous system (SNS) attenuates tumor growth in mouse models, suggesting a contributing role from the SNS in carcinogenesis. (taconic.com)
HGF is produced and secreted by adjacent stromal and mesenchymal cells, it contributes to the development of epithelial organs in a paracrine fashion, exerts regenerative effects on epithelia in the liver, kidney, lung, and other tissues, and promotes the regression of fibrosis in numerous organs ( 7 , 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

The histocompatibility differences between the donor and the recipient, the presence of donor's immunocompetent cells, and the inability of the recipient to reject these cells were defined as the basic pathogenic prerequisites for GVHD development by Billingham in 1966 [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
A novel pathogenic mutation on the interleukin-7 receptor has been described in a newborn. (medscape.com)

PM 2.5 increased the mRNA and protein expression of M1 markers including interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in RAW264.7 cells. (medsci.org)

Our group is planning to examine the mRNA and protein expressions of purinergic receptors in the different stages of this maturation process by quantitative RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry, respectively. (semmelweis.hu)

Several research findings demonstrate the role of miRNAs in β-cell stimulus-secretion coupling and insulin biosynthesis. (frontiersin.org)
Our findings indicate that FMI-1 is a cell-type dependent axon guidance factor with different domain requirements for its different functions in pioneers and followers. (biologists.com)
These findings suggest increased sensitivity to cocaine in the male offspring of mothers given pre-gestational cocaine. (utoronto.ca)
The collective findings are discussed within a framework of maternal influences on cocaine sensitivity in offspring, wherein maternal HFD and pre-gestational cocaine confer increased sensitivity of stress- and reward-related responses in offspring. (utoronto.ca)

Here, we used the σR1-knockout mouse ( Sigmar1 −/− ) to demonstrate unambiguously the role of the σR1 in protecting the retinal ganglion cells against degeneration after acute damage to the optic nerve. (molvis.org)
Third, the role of maternal HFD and maternal stress on offspring phenotype given acute cocaine exposure was investigated. (utoronto.ca)

siRNA treatment ameliorated the preeclamptic phenotype in both models, reduced blood pressure, and improved intrauterine growth restriction, with no observed deleterious effects on the fetus. (jci.org)
Interestingly, BRM expression was slightly reduce in cells transfected with manage siRNA compared to untreated but then elevated in BRG1 down regulated cells. (histaminereceptor-signal.com)

This critical function is impaired when astrocytes switch to a reactive phenotype. (berkeley.edu)

SARS-CoV-2 infection has also been shown to lead to a substantial decrease in surface expression of ACE2 receptor, resulting in a dominant ACE activity and consequently shifting the renin-angiotensin (RA) signalling axis toward a phenotype of vascular hypertension, inflammation and fibrosis. (hriuk.org)

right panel, embryos injected dorsally with pqbp1 mRNA (2 ng) at the four-cell stage. (xenbase.org)

Finally, in parallel I investigated the role of pre-gestational cocaine on offspring phenotype, and demonstrated an effect on the locomotor activating effects of cocaine in adult male offspring, as well as dopamine receptor D1 expression in the medial prefrontal cortex. (utoronto.ca)

Using a luciferase trasnfection assay, various cell lines were transfected with luciferase DNA in the presence or absence of Zot. (utmb.edu)
In addition, cells were exposed to Zot either before or after luciferase transfection. (utmb.edu)

A further study in newborn mice exposed to hypoxia showed increased accumulation of bone marrow-derived cells associated with pulmonary hypertension [ 12 ]. (ersjournals.com)
We have previously demonstrated that human T cells genetically modified to express a CD19-targeted CAR successfully eradicate established systemic human CD19+ B cell tumor cell lines in immune suppressed SCID-Beige mice(2). (technuc.com)
Natural Tregs have been found to facilitate suppression of autoimmune T cell responses and maintenance of peripheral tolerance(12-14) represent approximately 5-10% of peripheral CD4+ T cells in both mice and humans(13 15 and express high levels of cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR) CD39 and CD73(16-18). (technuc.com)
In mice, fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) create an essential T cell support structure within lymph nodes, while human FRCs are largely unstudied. (birmingham.ac.uk)
In the present review, the phenotypes of Met gene‑modified mice are summarized. (spandidos-publications.com)

Knockout cell lysate achieved by CRISPR/Cas9. (abcam.com)
Access thousands of knockout cell lysates, generated from commonly used cancer cell lines. (abcam.com)
See here for more information on knockout cell lysates. (abcam.com)
The production defect was corrected when Munc13-4 was reintroduced into the knockout cell line, suggesting that the phenotype was not caused by any secondary effect derived from the knockout approach. (usm.edu)

In comparison to the GlyT1 transporter, found mostly in glial cells, GlyT2 helps maintain a high concentration of glycine within the axon terminal of glycinergic neurons. (wikipedia.org)
Effects of Deletion of Mutant Huntingtin in Steroidogenic Factor 1 Neurons on the Psychiatric and Metabolic Phenotype in the BACHD Mouse Model of Huntington Disease. (lu.se)

Our laboratory employs innovative approaches and state-of-the art technology to discover and define the regulation of protective lipid mediator networks at the gene, enzyme, receptor and cell level. (berkeley.edu)

Therefore, potentially, this phenotype could be harnessed to identify individuals at risk and start treatments before degeneration progresses too far. (nature.com)
Overview of the Immune System The immune system distinguishes self from nonself and eliminates potentially harmful nonself molecules and cells from the body. (msdmanuals.com)

Natural Tregs (nTregs) are CD4+ T cells derived from the thymus and defined by a CD4+ CD25+ CD127- Foxp3+ phenotype. (technuc.com)
DiGeorge syndrome (ie, hypoparathyroidism, absence of thymus gland [T-cell abnormalities], cardiac anomalies) is associated with abnormal development of the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches from which the parathyroids derive embryologically and represents an example of a defect in parathyroid gland development. (medscape.com)
We also demonstrate that phenotypically and functionally equivalent myeloid precursors devoid of T-cell potential do exist in vivo in the postnatal thymus. (ashpublications.org)

In cells known to be deficient for the Zot receptor (i.e. (utmb.edu)
There are a couple of theories, including a theory wherein the B cells dislodge or move from the mucosal surface and mis-home to the bone marrow and start secreting galactose-deficient IgA into the circulation. (medscape.com)

Intracellular antigens (eg, viruses) can be processed and presented to CD8 cytotoxic T cells by any nucleated cell because all nucleated cells express class I MHC molecules. (msdmanuals.com)

Pancreatic endocrine islet β-cells create and release the two crucial hormones that regulate blood glucose levels: insulin, which acts to lower blood sugar, and glucagon, which raises blood sugar. (frontiersin.org)
Using in vitro cell systems including primary cultures of adipose, liver and muscle, we have characterized the action of glucocorticoids upon insulin action and lipid metabolism. (uni-luebeck.de)
Gluten peptides enter the pancreas where they affect the morphology and might induce beta-cell stress by enhancing glucose- and palmitate-stimulated insulin secretion. (mdpi.com)
Some studies have linked intake of a GF diet to reduced obesity and T2D and suggested a role in reducing leptin- and insulin-resistance and increasing beta-cell volume. (mdpi.com)

however, animal and cell models have provided insights into some of the factors involved in this phenotype. (nature.com)

Evaluation of differentiated human bronchial epithelial cell culture systems for asthma research Journal of Allergy. (nottingham.ac.uk)

Over-expression of hypoxia-inducible factor in multiple myeloma plasma cells strongly induced in vivo angiogenesis, and administration of a CXCL12 antagonist decreased hypoxia-inducible factor-induced angiogenesis. (haematologica.org)

OBJECTIVE: Brain organoids are miniaturized in vitro brain models generated from pluripotent stem cells, which resemble full-sized brain more closely than conventional two-dimensional cell cultures. (bvsalud.org)
Fibroblasts from patients affected by schizophrenia and from their healthy relatives are reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSCs) in the laboratory of our collaborators. (semmelweis.hu)
Similarly, destruction of neonatally abundant pluripotent stem cells would likely have a more pervasive outcome than destruction of The value of incorporating immunologic appeared more severe and/or persistent when single lineages or differentiated cells that pre- data for the toxicologic assessment of drugs, the exposure occurred perinatally when com- dominate in adults. (cdc.gov)

The fibroblast-like nature of these cells is evidenced by their expression of collagen I, collagen II and vimentin. (ersjournals.com)
410.4 cells showed a reduction in DNA expression either after pre- or post-treatment with Zot. (utmb.edu)
DU145, NIH 3T3, and Cos-7 cells lakced DNA expression only when Zot was adminsitered after DNA transfection. (utmb.edu)
Results Strong hypoxia-inducible factor-2 protein expression was detected in CD138 + multiple myeloma plasma cells in patients' biopsy specimens. (haematologica.org)
Prolonged exposure to hypoxia strongly up-regulated CXCL12 expression in multiple myeloma plasma cells and hypoxia-inducible factor-2 was found to play a key role in this response. (haematologica.org)
12 It is well established that hypoxia is an important selective force in the evolution of tumor cells, 13 and elevated expression of the hypoxia-inducible transcription factors HIF-1 and HIF-2 has been documented in several human cancers. (haematologica.org)
So as to determine if re expression of BRG1 in SK MEL5 cells resulted in elevated secretion of lively MMP2 and MMP9, we carried out gelatin zymography on supernatants derived from control and BRG1 expres sing SK MEL5 cells. (histaminereceptor-signal.com)
To determine the general biological conse quence of BRG1 re expression in SK MEL5 cells, we investigated if BRG1 promotes alterations in the ability of melanoma cells for being invasive in vitro. (histaminereceptor-signal.com)
To find out if loss of BRG1 compromises invasive skill in one of these extremely invasive cell lines, we down regulated BRG1 expression in WM 266 4 cells using a pool of siRNAs that target BRG1 but not the different ATPase, BRM. (histaminereceptor-signal.com)
We discovered that in WM 266 4 cells, BRM expression but not BRG1 or INI1 expression is sensitive to adjustments in WM 266 2 confluency. (histaminereceptor-signal.com)
Overexpression of miR-146a-3p downregulated the expression of SIRT1 protein in untreated RAW264.7 cells. (medsci.org)
Differential protein expression was studied in eight human cell lines representing various maturation stages from early pre-B cell until terminally differentiated plasma cell (see Supplementary Table 1 ). (lu.se)

To address SB-705498 this limitation we sought to investigate the impact of Tregs a potent endogenous suppressive element of the immune system on the anti-tumor activity of adoptively transferred CAR modified T cells in a previously established SCID-Beige mouse tumor model. (technuc.com)

Cyclin E2 overexpression was identified as a biomarker of a persistent fulvestrant-resistant phenotype. (lu.se)

We recently discovered that retinal astrocyte release lipoxins to directly protect ganglion cells against neurotoxic stress. (berkeley.edu)

Anatomy35

Organisms10

Diseases8

Chemicals and Drugs114

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment18

Phenomena and Processes71

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Differentiation7

Estrogen-related3

Endothelial cells7

Distinct6

Chimeric antigen3

Adenosine5

Antigen receptor1

Neural6

Progression4

Regulates2

Genes8

Extracellular6

Macrophages7

Vitro and in vivo1

Molecular9

Therapeutic2

Microenvironment7

Inhibitory1

Protein-coupled3

APCs4

Dendritic2

Pathways3

Tumors5

Synaptic7

Agonist2

Clinical10

Inhibition3

Signaling2

Lymphoid4

Encodes3

Neuronal3

Mechanisms8

Monocytes1

Defects1

Tissue2

Tyrosine1

Stem cell6

Proteins3

Conclusions1

Activate1

Activation3

Ischemic2

Retinal gang2

Phosphorylation1

Gene expression3

Proliferation2

Stromal3

Pathogenic2

Interleukin1

Different stages1

Findings4

Acute2

SiRNA2

Astrocytes1

Vascular1

MRNA1

Dopamine1

Luciferase2

Mice5

Knockout cell4

Neurons2

Enzyme1

Potentially2

Thymus3

Deficient2

Antigens1

Insulin4

Insights1

Epithelial cell1

Vivo1

Pluripotent stem3

Expression12

Endogenous1

Persistent1

Ganglion cells1