Persistent genome proteins genes bacterial. Medical search. Frequent questions

A box plot showing the different gene clusters ranked according to average pair-wise bit score of the protein sequences (BitScore) normalised against alignment length (AliLen). (biomedcentral.com)
Clones were strain-typed by using outer membrane protein by monoclonal antibodies that react to epitopes on the A and 16S rRNA sequences. (cdc.gov)
They first showed that TprK generated considerable diversity across seven discrete regions in which DNA sequences from elsewhere in the bacterium's genome could be swapped in and out. (scitechdaily.com)
I've looked at a lot of bacterial genomes," Addetia said, "and they're a lot more interesting than the Treponema's, except for this one gene.It can generate an astounding number of diverse sequences within these variable regions without impairing the protein's ability to function. (scitechdaily.com)
Whole genome sequences of Treponema pallidum subsp. (cdc.gov)
Total 38 nucleotides and 36 proteins sequences of linA and linB were used for constructing the phylogeny. (ispub.com)
The availability of complete bacterial genome sequences, together with the development of microarrays with which the expression of the entire genome of an organism grown under two conditions can be assayed, has launched the post-genomic era of biofilm research and generated a wealth of new information. (biomedcentral.com)
In recent years, a number of publicly available meta-servers have been developed for protein sequence annotation [ 6 - 8 ], but public access to these servers is often restricted to a limit that ranges from 1 to 10 protein sequences per HTTP request. (biomedcentral.com)
While these servers provide the convenience of a whole genome annotation, they do not accept protein sequences as input and, therefore, cannot run analyses on a set of pre-selected proteins from a given genome or a set of un-related proteins from multiple genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
In this paper, we describe a new high-throughput, genome-wide analysis tool for deriving enzymatic functions and other annotations for protein sequences. (biomedcentral.com)
As additional genome sequences become available for other pathogenic and free-living spirochetes, comparisons of their genomes may elucidate genes that are unique to those species of spirochetes associated with ticks. (cdc.gov)
The sequencing of the human genome revealed that at least 1% of the human genome consists of endogenous retroviral sequences, representing past encounters with retroviruses during the course of human evolution. (msdmanuals.com)

The sheer number of non-human genes represented by the human microbiota - there are millions in our "extended genome" 2) compared to the nearly 23,000 in the human genome - implies we have just begun to fathom the full extent to which bacteria work to facilitate their own survival. (mpkb.org)
9) According to Asher Mullard, "Between them [the bacteria in our bodies], they harbor millions of genes, compared with the paltry 20,000 estimated in the human genome. (mpkb.org)
Genes in the human microbiota far outnumber those in the human genome. (mpkb.org)
This field has great potential for future medical advances through the study of the human genome as well as the genomes of infectious organisms. (americascupmagazine.com)
Ours is the first study that has attempted to evaluate the entire human genome for variants potentially involved in the acquisition or severity of SAB. (biomedcentral.com)
As a result of the rapid advances in genetics technology and the Human Genome Project, most of the estimated 100,000 genes in humans will be identified by the year 2005 (1). (cdc.gov)

In this study, researchers compared the genomes of syphilis bacteria collected from a man who had been infected four times. (scitechdaily.com)
The researchers wanted to see if there were differences between the genomes of bacteria from the first and last infection. (scitechdaily.com)
This differences might reveal how the genes of the bacteria had changed and how those changes might have enabled the bacteria to infect a person whose immune system had already seen and mounted an immune response to several different strains of syphilis. (scitechdaily.com)
Although bacteria, viruses and parasites may have many proteins on their surfaces that the immune system could detect and attack, in many cases only one protein seems to attract most of the attention. (scitechdaily.com)
Bacteria transmit signals through reversible phosphorylation using the classical two component systems, and recent genomic data, in particular from the Ocean Genome Sampling Initiative, have shown that bacteria also rely on Ser/Thr kinases for cell signaling. (seattlechildrens.org)
Mtb causes a chronic, persistent infection that is due to slow or non-replicating bacteria. (seattlechildrens.org)
based methods for culturing bacteria have drastically underrepresented the size and diversity of bacterial populations. (mpkb.org)
Bacteria are no less persistent or proliferative inside the human body. (mpkb.org)
Repurposing of Drugs to Fight Persistent Infections-Antibacterial Compounds Against Non-growing Bacteria. (asm.org)
biodegradable enzymes present in the genes of some bacteria degrade HCH in soil. (ispub.com)
Bioinformatics strategies were used to find other homologous genes and proteins, which can also degrade HCH present in various bacteria for controlling of pollution and offer clue to prevent its entry in the food chain. (ispub.com)
The 16S rDNA is present in scattered form in the entire genome of bacteria. (ispub.com)
PCR using the new primer pair on a set of template DNAs of different bacterial genera showed that the method was selective for bacteria belonging to the family Sphingomonadaceae . (ispub.com)
If a bacteria is able to survive a certain antibiotic, it is assumed that it has gained a gene from somewhere (and bacteria can get genes from almost anywhere ) which allows it to survive. (fieldofscience.com)
There is an unfortunate habit of biochemists to get too wrapped up in the genetics to think about epigenetics (control of genetic expression by proteins), especially with 'simpler' organisms like bacteria. (fieldofscience.com)
Persistence is the property of a totally identical population of bacteria to respond differently to antibiotics, despite having identical genomes they are phenotypically (phenotype = set of observable characteristics) different. (fieldofscience.com)
Persistent bacteria aren't only seen in response to antibiotic's either. (fieldofscience.com)
The intrinsic limitation of P BAD for the gene expression is known to be negated by glucose and afflicted with all-or-nothing induction in host bacteria. (nature.com)
Overall, this study proposes a new strategy for the bacteria-mediated delivery of therapeutic proteins to tumors. (nature.com)
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) modules are one such family of proteins considered to play an important role in persistence/ latency of bacteria. (thsti.res.in)
During infection process persistent bacteria experience diverse and hostile environments intracellularly and must adapt to nutrient-deprived, hypoxic conditions in the granuloma. (thsti.res.in)
The genome of Mtb has certain such biochemically uncharacterized enzymes that might enable the bacteria to survive under oxygen-depleted conditions by restoring reduced co-factor pool in the cell. (thsti.res.in)
Through the service and infrastructure activities the group has also been involved in several other projects, like research on prokaryotes, including oil well metagenomics, biodegradation, pathogenic bacteria, and characterization of novel bacterial genes. (ntnu.edu)
Particularly a gene encoding an enzyme that inhibits quorum sensing among different bacteria was included in to the T7 genome. (palomid529.com)

Unlike other Mycoplasma, the infection is not associated with bacterial vaginosis. (wikipedia.org)
Work in their lab demonstrated that bacterial cells with new tprK variants can evade the immune response to cause a persistent infection that can lead to the later stages of syphilis. (scitechdaily.com)
endemicum isolated from Cuban patients: The non-clonal character of isolates suggests a persistent human infection rather than a single outbreak. (cdc.gov)
The project would involve making gene specific mutants, and the survival of various mutants strains would be evaluated in invitro persistence model and guinea pig pulmonary model of infection. (thsti.res.in)
The regulatory pattern of catabolic pathway genes indicated that the bacterial infection was sustained on amino acids, glycans and nucleosides. (biomedcentral.com)
It is recognized that the success of S. aureus depends not only on its virulence genes and development of antibiotic resistance, but also on a coordinated and timely expression of genes upon infection of its host. (biomedcentral.com)
The aim of this study was to compare the in vivo expression of virulence and metabolic genes of S. aureus in a prosthetic joint infection in a human subject with growth in vitro as reference using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). (biomedcentral.com)
Assuming an acute infection [ 7 ], we chose to compare gene expression of the in vivo sample with the isolate in an exponential growth phase. (biomedcentral.com)
Chlamydia trachomatis is the leading cause of both bacterial sexually transmitted infection and infection-derived blindness world-wide. (plos.org)
Hasnain, Sumaira Z title: Immune regulation of the unfolded protein response at the mucosal barrier in viral infection date: 2018-04-03 journal: Clin Transl Immunology DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1014 sha: 6a80b22e84d2692545c6f11d7cb4c96602a25c39 doc_id: 3122 cord_uid: 07dlf3zw Protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is subject to stringent quality control. (distantreader.org)
Additionally, we evaluated the joint effect of the host and pathogen genomes in association with severity of SAB infection via logistic regression, including an interaction of host SNP with bacterial genotype, and adjusting for age (by decade), sex, the 6 significant principal components, and dialysis status. (biomedcentral.com)
Although this study identified no common variant of large effect size to have genome-wide significance for association with either the risk of acquiring SAB or severity of SAB, the variant (rs2043436) most significantly associated with severity of infection is located in a biologically plausible candidate gene ( CDON , a member of the immunoglobulin family) and may warrant further study. (biomedcentral.com)

It was the second complete bacterial genome ever sequenced, after Haemophilus influenzae. (wikipedia.org)

In this section, we'll provide a brief overview of the whole-genome fields of genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics. (americascupmagazine.com)
The study and comparison of entire genomes, including the complete set of genes and their nucleotide sequence and organization, is called genomics. (americascupmagazine.com)
The study of proteomics is an extension of genomics that allows scientists to study the entire complement of proteins in an organism, called the proteome. (americascupmagazine.com)
Genetic improvement of the crop is being actively pursued and numerous functional genomics studies are underway aimed at characterizing gene controlling key agronomic characteristics for disease and pest resistances. (biomedcentral.com)

Ribosomal genes are not included. (biomedcentral.com)
The ribosomal operons mainly 16S rDNA has proven to be a stable and specific molecular marker for bacterial identification. (ispub.com)
Genes upregulated in the treated B. burgdorferi included a number of Erp genes and rplU , a 50S ribosomal protein. (frontiersin.org)

Among these are fields that study aspects of whole genomes, collectively referred to as whole-genome methods. (americascupmagazine.com)
Starting from its application on whole-genome to simulated mixture of three whole-genomes ( E. coli MG1655, Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and Bacillus subtilis str. (biomedcentral.com)

Bacterial biofilms: a common cause of persistent infections. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Bacterial communities that are attached to a surface, so-called biofilms, and their inherent resistance to antimicrobial agents are a cause of many persistent and chronic bacterial infections. (biomedcentral.com)
Biofilms (so called because macroscopically they do look like a thin layer of slime) have a distinct architecture, consisting of tower- and mushroom-shaped microcolonies encased in a hydrated matrix of exopolymeric substances, polysaccharides and proteins that are produced by the resident microorganisms. (biomedcentral.com)
But a comparison of the differentially expressed gene sets identified in several recent DNA microarray studies [ 7 - 10 ] reveals that no common expression pattern for biofilms has yet emerged. (biomedcentral.com)
The mucus clogs the patient's airways and traps germs that lead to infections and other complications, including the growth of bacterial colonies called "biofilms" in the lungs. (biomerieux.com)
Bacterial biofilms are structured bacterial communities that produce a polymer matrix that protects the colony. (biomerieux.com)
Bacterial growth in biofilms is the major reason behind recalcitrant biofouling in commercial processes and of consistent infections in scientific settings. (palomid529.com)
INTRODUCTION Bacterias in organic and commercial environments mainly grow as biofilms mounted on surfaces or connected with interfaces where bacterial cells are encased within a self-produced extracellular matrix referred to as extracellular polymeric chemicals (EPS) made up of polysaccharides DNA protein and lipids (1). (palomid529.com)
EPS VX-765 in biofilms give a regional environment that protects the bacterial cells against damage from antibiotics and various other antimicrobial treatments. (palomid529.com)
This permits bacterias within biofilms VX-765 to be the reason for persistent attacks of live tissue and contaminations of medical VX-765 gadget areas (2). (palomid529.com)

The small genome of M. genitalium made it the organism of choice in The Minimal Genome Project, a study to find the smallest set of genetic material necessary to sustain life. (wikipedia.org)
The downstream transformation of BA involved a meta -cleavage pathway, although its genetic organization and function was not revealed and the overall network of genes driving the full metabolic pathway of OPP is still not known. (nature.com)
13) The combined genetic contributions of these microbes - in excess of 1,000,000 protein-coding genes - provide traits not encoded in our own genomes. (mpkb.org)
Type I toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are widespread genetic modules in bacterial genomes. (mdpi.com)
Recent advances in our understanding of the genetic and molecular basis of bacterial community behavior point to therapeutic targets that may provide a means for the control of biofilm infections. (biomedcentral.com)
Cystic Fibrosis is a progressive genetic disorder in which patients inherit two defective copies of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene-one from each parent. (biomerieux.com)
LNP)-based delivery system has unlocked treatment of genetic diseases to both selectively knock out disease-causing genes and restore necessary genetic functions by targeted insertion Insertion of a new DNA sequence into the genome to manufacture a desired protein using a gene editing technology, such as the CRISPR/Cas9 system. (intelliatx.com)
The initiation and severity of S. aureus infections is complex and influenced by at least 3 characteristics: bacterial virulence factors, host genetic factors, and the environment in which the host and pathogen interact. (biomedcentral.com)
Bacterial genetic characteristics also influence disease type and severity. (biomedcentral.com)
Once the provirus is integrated into the host cell DNA, it is transcribed using typical cellular mechanisms to produce viral proteins and genetic material. (msdmanuals.com)

Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular human pathogen that exhibits stage-specific gene transcription throughout a biphasic developmental cycle. (plos.org)
The genomes are approximately 1.9 Mb, sharing 62 % average amino acid identity with the only other member of the genus, the bird pathogen Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale. (ox.ac.uk)
Centre for Genomic Pathogen Surveillance, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, England, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. (who.int)

Analysis of microbial genomes has contributed to the development of new antibiotics, diagnostic tools, vaccines, medical treatments, and environmental cleanup techniques. (americascupmagazine.com)

p>But exactly how antibiotic resistance impacts the relationship between lung bacterial diversity and CF patients' pulmonary function is not fully understood. (biomerieux.com)
The draft genomes encode multiple antibiotic-resistance genes, competition factors, Flavobacterium johnsoniae-like gliding motility genes and a homologue of the Pasteurella multocida mitogenic toxin. (ox.ac.uk)

With MetaRon, we were able to remove two notable limitations of existing whole-genome operon prediction methods: (1) generalizability (ability to predict operons in unrelated bacterial genomes), and (2) whole-genome and metagenomic data management. (biomedcentral.com)
The application of MetaRon to metagenomic data at diverse scale will be beneficial to understand the gene regulation and therapeutic metagenomics. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we report seven genomes assembled from metagenomic data, two to improved draft standard. (ox.ac.uk)

April 28, 2023 - Seattle Children's TB researchers and colleagues uncovered complex microbial protein activity, potentially pointing to new drug targets. (seattlechildrens.org)

TB has 9 homologs of MazF toxins, these toxins as the name suggests inhibits bacterial metabolism by degradation of mRNA. (thsti.res.in)
An arsenal of virulence factors has been identified including toxins, cell surfaces proteins that facilitate attachment and colonization, and factors that contribute to immune evasion and tissue damage [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Its complete genome sequence was published in 1995 (size 0.58 Mbp, with 475 genes). (wikipedia.org)
now the J. Craig Venter Institute), which included Craig Venter, they made the complete genome sequence in 1995 using shotgun sequencing. (wikipedia.org)
Identification of a gene, pilV , required for type 4 fimbrial biogenesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa , whose product possesses a pre-pilin-like leader sequence. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Discovering the function of unknown proteins is difficult, particularly for species-specific proteins, for which sequence-based methods of annotation fail. (seattlechildrens.org)
Combined with structural biology, we discover new protein families and explore even the most divergent sequence space. (seattlechildrens.org)
Personal genome sequence information may someday be used to prescribe medications that will be most effective and least toxic on the basis of the individual patient's genotype. (americascupmagazine.com)
Here we introduce the Protein Sequence Annotation Tool (PSAT), a web-based, sequence annotation meta-server for performing integrated, high-throughput, genome-wide sequence analyses. (biomedcentral.com)
Our goals in building PSAT were to (1) create an extensible platform for integration of multiple sequence-based bioinformatics tools, (2) enable functional annotations and enzyme predictions over large input protein fasta data sets, and (3) provide a web interface for convenient execution of the tools. (biomedcentral.com)
PSAT stands apart from other sequence-based genome annotation systems in providing a high-throughput platform for rapid de novo enzyme predictions and sequence annotations over large input protein sequence data sets in FASTA. (biomedcentral.com)
However a publicly available, high-throughput meta-server is needed to combine the existing annotation tools from their disparate domains in efforts to support genome-scale sequence annotations, whereby a single-user interface can be used to access a variety of computational tools and the results from these tools. (biomedcentral.com)
This was gradually expanded into various methods in bioinformatics, in particular for sequence analysis and protein structure prediction. (ntnu.edu)
In Intellia's experimental treatments, an LNP delivers to its target gene a simple, two-part genome editing system: the messenger RNA that encodes the Cas9 protein and the guide RNA that can target a specific DNA sequence. (intelliatx.com)
Classification of viruses is principally according to their genome sequence taking into consideration nature and structure of their genome and their method of replication, but not according to the diseases they cause (see International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), 2021 release ). (msdmanuals.com)
Positive-sense RNA viruses possess a single-stranded RNA genome that can serve as messenger RNA (mRNA) that can be directly translated to produce an amino acid sequence. (msdmanuals.com)

Potential increases in pediatric iGAS cases in other states were subsequently noted by contributors to the Infectious Diseases Society of America's provider-based Emerging Infections Network and by certain jurisdictions participating in CDC's Active Bacterial Core Surveillance System (ABCs) . (cdc.gov)
Illness due to iGAS in persons with known viral infections may manifest as persistent or worsening symptoms following initial improvement. (cdc.gov)
Formation of these sessile communities and their inherent resistance to antimicrobial agents are at the root of many persistent and chronic bacterial infections. (biomedcentral.com)
Staphylococcus aureus gene expression has been sparsely studied in deep-sited infections in humans. (biomedcentral.com)
Besides acute infections, S. aureus can adapt to a biofilm mode of growth in response to certain environmental cues and thereby infections become persistent and recurrent, particularly in association with prosthetic implants [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The hallmark symptom of Cystic Fibrosis is chronic lung congestion with persistent coughing, frequent lung infections, wheezing, and shortness of breath. (biomerieux.com)

Increasing age and comorbidity such as diabetes and chronic inflammatory disease are known to suppress early CD8+ T and B cell responses contributing to persistent diseases. (theepochtimes.com)

We are now extending our chemical proteomic platform to also annotate unknown Pf proteins and to discover enzymes that control life cycle decisions. (seattlechildrens.org)
Mainly, two genes linA and linB encode dehydrochlorinase and dehalogenase enzymes involved in degradation of HCH. (ispub.com)
This spliced form of XBP1 then translates into a transcription factor, which further translocates into the nucleus where it induces expression of a wide variety of genes including ER-associated chaperones and protein folding enzymes to increase ER size and folding capacity. (distantreader.org)
Some viruses have an outer envelope consisting of protein and lipid, surrounding a protein capsid complex with genomic RNA or DNA and sometimes enzymes needed for the first steps of viral replication. (msdmanuals.com)

Additionally, transcriptomics can be used to monitor the gene expression of virulence factors in microorganisms, aiding scientists in better understanding pathogenic processes from this viewpoint. (americascupmagazine.com)

That significant fractions of the bacterial genome could be involved in, or affected during, biofilm formation was shown in Escherichia coli in a genome-wide screen using random chromosomal insertions of a lacZ reporter gene fusion construct [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Bacterial cancer therapy was developed using probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) for medical intervention of colorectal cancer. (nature.com)

We compared our findings with the genome, transcriptome and metabolome of the S. aureus joint fluid isolate grown in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)

In humans, a copy of the entire genome-more than three billion DNA base pairs-is contained in all cells that have a nucleus. (intelliatx.com)

Proteins/genes with a putative catabolic role and bacterium adaptation mechanisms during OPP degradation were identified via genomic and proteomic analysis. (nature.com)
New genomic based methods such as polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) detect bacterial forms based on the presence of bacterial DNA or RNA. (mpkb.org)
Recent genomic and proteomic studies have identified many of the genes and gene products differentially expressed during biofilm formation, revealing the complexity of this developmental process. (biomedcentral.com)
The Giardia lamblia vsp gene repertoire: characteristics, genomic organization, and evolution. (mbl.edu)
Negative-sense RNA viruses possess a single-stranded negative-sense genome that first must synthesize a complementary positive-sense antigenome, which is then used to make genomic negative-sense RNA. (msdmanuals.com)

Phylogenetic affiliations of mesopelagic acantharia and acantharian-like environmental 18S rRNA genes off the southern California coast. (mbl.edu)
Candidatus Ornithobacterium hominis' represents a new member of the Flavobacteriaceae detected in 16S rRNA gene surveys of people from South-East Asia, Africa and Australia. (ox.ac.uk)

An interactive web-based Pseudomonas aeruginosa genome database: discovery of new genes, pathways and structures. (microbiologyresearch.org)
One Sentence Summary: This study will assess efficacy of recombinant equine lubricin (rEqLub) in mitigating equine joint disease and identify gene and protein pathways affected by rEqLub in equine joints. (grayson-jockeyclub.org)
In this paper, we demonstrate the versatility of PSAT by inferring the potential metabolic pathways of a draft genome - Herbaspirillum sp . (biomedcentral.com)
Operons aiding microbial survival are crucial in understanding the gene regulation, identification of new pathways and novel products in diverse environmental settings. (biomedcentral.com)
a number of inflammatory markers and pathways including serum C reactive protein (CRP), TNF-α and IL-6 are prominent in hospitalized patients with more severe diseases. (theepochtimes.com)

The second ben/cat operon was located in a 92-kb scaffold along with (i) an operon ( opp ) comprising genes for the transformation of OPP to BA and 2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate (and genes for its transformation) and (ii) an incomplete biphenyl catabolic operon ( bph ). (nature.com)
In this work, we identified whole-genome and metagenomic operons via MetaRon (Metagenome and whole-genome opeRon prediction pipeline). (biomedcentral.com)
MetaRon consistently achieved high operon prediction sensitivity, specificity and accuracy across E. coli whole-genome (97.8, 94.1 and 92.4%), simulated genome (93.7, 75.5 and 88.1%) and E. coli c20 (87, 91 and 88%,), respectively. (biomedcentral.com)

The MtZ Strain: Molecular Characteristics and Outbreak Investigation of the Most Successful Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strain in Aragon Using Whole-Genome Sequencing. (cdc.gov)
Uncovering Beta-Lactam Susceptibility Patterns in Clinical Isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis through Whole-Genome Sequencing. (cdc.gov)
A Genome Wide Screen Defines Macrophage Genes Modulating Intracellular Control of Mycobacterium abscessus Following Antibiotic Treatment. (asm.org)

The mammalian genome comprises nuclear DNA (nDNA) derived from both parents and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that is maternally inherited and encodes essential proteins required for oxidative phosphorylation. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Mitochondria are also platforms for antiviral signalling2 and, due to their bacterial origin, mtDNA and other mitochondrial components trigger innate immune responses and inflammatory pathology2,3. (regenerativemedicine.net)

We showed previously that cytoplasmic release of mtDNA activates the cGAS STING TBK1 pathway resulting in interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression that promotes antiviral immunity4. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Here, we find that persistent mtDNA stress is not associated with basally activated NF-κB signalling or interferon gene expression typical of an acute antiviral response. (regenerativemedicine.net)
A flavin-dependent monoxygenase (OppA1), one of the most up-regulated proteins in the OPP-growing cells, was isolated via heterologous expression and its catabolic activity was verified in vitro . (nature.com)
Differential gene expression analysis indicated that this isolate formed excessive biofilm by reducing flagellar formation (7.4 to 1,624.1 folds) and overproducing extracellular matrix components including CdrA (4.4 folds), alginate (5.2 to 29.1 folds) and Pel (4.8-5.5 folds). (frontiersin.org)
Scientists compare gene expression patterns between infected and uninfected host cells, gaining important information about the cellular responses to infectious disease. (americascupmagazine.com)
Metagenomics and metatranscriptomics allow researchers to study genes and gene expression from a collection of multiple species, many of which may not be easily cultured or cultured at all in the laboratory. (americascupmagazine.com)
Changes in gene expression in the presence of a drug can sometimes be an early indicator of the potential for toxic effects. (americascupmagazine.com)
Proteomics may be used to study which proteins are expressed under various conditions within a single cell type or to compare protein expression patterns between different organisms. (americascupmagazine.com)
A recent and developing proteomic analysis relies on identifying proteins called biomarkers, whose expression is affected by the disease process. (americascupmagazine.com)
One explanation for these apparent discrepancies is that DNA microarrays provide a sensitive but transient snapshot of gene expression and that gene expression does not necessarily directly correlate with phenotype. (biomedcentral.com)
From the transcriptome analysis we found increased expression of siderophore synthesis genes and multiple known virulence genes. (biomedcentral.com)
However, pathogens are likely to make host-specific adaptions by altering gene expression, which necessitates studies in humans. (biomedcentral.com)
Considering the relevance of insect α-amylases and natural α-amylase inhibitors present in plants to protect against insect damage, we investigated the effect of white bean and rapeseed protein extracts on digestive α-amylase gene expression of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say). (potatobeetle.org)
In the RT-qPCR, expression ratio demonstrated that the α-amylase gene of two different larval stages grown on both proteins treated leaves had significantly differentiated expression and was up-regulated in third instar larvae and down-regulated in fourth instar larvae compared to control. (potatobeetle.org)
Representative σ 66 -dependent gene transcription was repressed in the absence of rsbV1 or upon increased expression of RsbW, and increased upon elevated expression of RsbV1. (plos.org)
The primary data for 1-step growth, 2-step growth and gene expression summarized in Figs 4 and 5 are available in the S1 Dataset in the supplementary information. (plos.org)
We further demonstrate the applicability of cowpea composite plants to study gene expression involved in the resistance response of the plant roots to attack by the root parasitic weed, Striga gesnerioides . (biomedcentral.com)
Cowpea composite plants offer a rapid alternative to methods requiring stable transformation and whole plant regeneration for studying gene expression in resistance or susceptibility responses to parasitic weeds. (biomedcentral.com)

However, Mgen still has the smallest genome of any known (naturally occurring) self-replicating organism and thus is often the organism of choice in minimal genome research. (wikipedia.org)
citation needed] The synthetic genome of Mgen named Mycoplasma genitalium JCVI-1.0 (after the research centre, J. Craig Venter Institute, where it was synthesised) was produced in 2008, becoming the first organism with a synthetic genome. (wikipedia.org)
Even though all cells of a multicellular organism have the same set of genes, cells in various tissues produce different sets of proteins. (americascupmagazine.com)
Thus, the genome is constant, but the proteome varies and is dynamic within an organism. (americascupmagazine.com)
Each genome contains all of the information needed to build and maintain that organism. (intelliatx.com)

This manageable size together with the current advances in nucleotide sequencing technology means that partial and whole virus genome sequencing will become an essential component in epidemiologic investigations of disease outbreaks. (msdmanuals.com)

Variants of reference strain A/SA-1 contained clones of Chlamydophila ompA , the gene that encodes MOMP, differentiate geno- abortus . (cdc.gov)

The bacterium that causes syphilis, Treponema pallidum , likely uses a single gene to escape the immune system, research from UW Medicine in Seattle suggests. (scitechdaily.com)
That gene, called Treponema pallidum repeat gene K (tprK), provides the instructions for the synthesis of a protein found on the surface of the bacterium. (scitechdaily.com)

Datasets for benchmarking antimicrobial resistance genes in bacterial metagenomic and whole genome sequencing. (cdc.gov)
Our goal was to examine gene transcription by B. burgdorferi following doxycycline treatment in an effort to identify both persister-associated genes and possible targets for antimicrobial intervention. (frontiersin.org)

The mechanism of interfering with protein translation operates upon actively dividing cells, so may be less effective in slow-growing populations. (frontiersin.org)

We are using high-throughput experimental tools to identify biochemical functions of proteins. (seattlechildrens.org)
This analysis demonstrates that high-throughput enzyme predictions, provided by PSAT processing, can be used to identify metabolic potential in an otherwise poorly annotated genome. (biomedcentral.com)

A PA0171 mutant and a PA1822 mutant were constructed by gene replacement in the P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Intra- and inter-host genome comparison suggests that colonization with this bacterium is both persistent and strain exclusive. (ox.ac.uk)

Some microbial pathogens pose even bigger annotation challenges: Less than half of all proteins in Plasmodium falciparum , for example, have known functions. (seattlechildrens.org)
PSAT is most appropriately applied in annotation of large protein FASTA sets that may or may not be associated with a single genome. (biomedcentral.com)

Surprisingly, the researchers found that there were very few changes between the genomes from the two different samples - except for one gene. (scitechdaily.com)
Greninger said he hoped the findings might help researchers develop vaccines that allow the immune system either to attack TprK more effectively or to ignore TprK and target other, less variable syphilis proteins. (scitechdaily.com)
The researchers found that the individuals with long COVID had persistent increases in several cells that are associated with inflammatory responses to acute diseases: activated CD14+CD16+ monocytes, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, and both type I (IFNβ) and type III (IFNλ1) interferons. (theepochtimes.com)

The dissociation of GRP78 allows IRE1 dimerisation and activation of C-terminal endoribonuclease activity, which non-canonically splices a 26-base pair intron from the X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) mRNA to produce the spliced form of XBP1 (sXBP1). (distantreader.org)

The UPR activation involves three major downstream effects including reduction in protein synthesis to reduce ER load, enhancement of ER protein folding capacity and upregulation of ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). (distantreader.org)

The protein acts like a distraction that draws the immune system away from proteins that might be the bacterium's Achilles heel. (scitechdaily.com)
Adapted from a naturally occurring bacterial immune system, CRISPR, an acronym for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, allows scientists to harness the power of natural DNA repair mechanisms. (intelliatx.com)

Epigenetic analysis revealed a specific N 6 -methyl adenine (m 6 A) methylating pattern including methylation of alginate, flagellar and quorum sensing associated genes. (frontiersin.org)
Quorum sensing is normally an over-all cell-cell communication system in the bacterial kingdom taking place via small chemical substance substances termed autoinducers as chemical substance "dialects" to organize bacterial people behaviors. (palomid529.com)

Four of these have previously been proven to be needed for twitching motility, whereas the PA1822 and PA0171 genes have not previously been shown to be required for twitching motility. (microbiologyresearch.org)
The twitching-motility defect in the PA1822 mutant was partially complemented by providing the PA1822 gene in trans , and the defect in the PA0171 mutant was fully complemented when PA0171 was provided. (microbiologyresearch.org)
These mutants were deficient in twitching motility, showing that both the PA1822 and the PA0171 gene are involved in twitching motility. (microbiologyresearch.org)
The pilG gene product, required for Pseudomonas aeruginosa pilus production and twitching motility, is homologous to the enteric, single-domain response regulator CheY. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Molecular Characterization of the pol Gene of Vertically Transmitted HIV-1 Strains in Children with Virological Failure. (cdc.gov)
A model is proposed where the relative levels of active antagonist (RsbV1) and switch-protein anti-sigma factor (RsbW) control the availability of σ 66 and subsequently act as a molecular 'throttle' for Chlamydia growth and development. (plos.org)

human microbiota The bacterial community in the human body. (mpkb.org)
In addition we will address important areas of modern epidemiology such as the influence of early life factors on adult health and disease, but also the importance of the gene-diet-microbiota interaction for body function and health. (lu.se)

Several recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified variants that may affect susceptibility to infectious diseases, demonstrating the potential value of GWAS in this arena. (biomedcentral.com)

Transcription analysis of all putative catabolic genes established their role in the metabolism of OPP. (nature.com)
Proteomics identified 13 up-regulated catabolic proteins when S. haloaromaticamans was growing on OPP and/or BA. (nature.com)

Instead, in different studies different genes are found up- and down-regulated, in varying numbers ranging from 1% to 38% of the total genome. (biomedcentral.com)

With so many genes involved, it is perhaps not surprising that biofilm formation is regarded as a developmental process (Figure 1 ), not unlike that observed in the formation of fruiting bodies containing spores by the soil bacterium Myxococcus xanthus and sporulation in Bacillus subtilis [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
A model of the stages of bacterial biofilm development. (biomedcentral.com)
In many biofilm systems however EPS still present a challenge limiting the bactericidal aftereffect of phages (13 14 One technique followed by phages through the phage-bacterium evolutionary hands race (15) may be the creation of polysaccharide depolymerases to degrade EPS and invite phages to gain access to encased bacterial cells. (palomid529.com)
Such phages expressing free of charge or phage-bound polysaccharide depolymerases present quality semitransparent halos around phage plaques over the lawns of web host bacterias on solid lifestyle mass media (5 16 To imitate the organic procedure T7 phage which will not include polysaccharide depolymerase genes was genetically constructed to include the polysaccharide depolymerase gene biofilm 100-flip a lot more than the wild-type T7 phage do (17). (palomid529.com)
One particular population behavior is normally biofilm development (19 20 In the model Gram-negative bacterium genes of spp. (palomid529.com)
The enzyme acylase from porcine kidneys which cleaves acyl moieties of AHLs was reported to diminish EPS creation also to mitigate biofilm formation and membrane biofouling within a membrane bioreactor inoculated with bacterial neighborhoods from turned on sludge of wastewater treatment plant life (23 24 Within this paper we survey that an constructed T7 phage incorporating the AHL lactonase gene from degraded AHLs from different. (palomid529.com)

In vitro analysis revealed that a putative switch-protein kinase regulator, RsbW, is capable of interacting directly with σ 66 , as well as phosphorylating its own antagonist, RsbV1, rendering it inactive. (plos.org)

It was regarded as a cellular unit with the smallest genome size (in Mbp) until 2003 when a new species of Archaea, namely Nanoarchaeum equitans, was sequenced (0.49 Mbp, with 540 genes). (wikipedia.org)
7) The human gut alone contains on average: 40,000 bacterial species, 8) 9 million unique bacterial genes and 100 trillion microbial cells. (mpkb.org)

Genome editing collectively refers to a set of technologies, including CRISPR/Cas9, that can be used to cut and modify DNA. (intelliatx.com)

16), E. coli c20 draft genome extracted from chicken gut and finally on 145 whole-metagenome data samples from human gut. (biomedcentral.com)
Candidatus Ornithobacterium hominis': insights gained from draft genomes obtained from nasopharyngeal swabs. (ox.ac.uk)

This study provides evidence that a switch-protein kinase regulatory network controls availability of σ 66 , the main sigma subunit for transcription in Chlamydia . (plos.org)
As a result, the ER has evolved a regulatory network, known as the unfolded protein response (UPR), to control the protein folding process. (distantreader.org)
The sensitivity and specificity of such testing can now be improved as a result of the recent discovery of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulatory (CFTR) gene. (cdc.gov)
The discovery of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulatory (CFTR) gene (5) renewed interest in this possibility, as the sensitivity and specificity of testing could be improved through DNA-based testing. (cdc.gov)

They performed an initial study of the genome using random sequencing in 1993, by which they found 100,993 nucleotides and 390 protein-coding genes. (wikipedia.org)

Results suggest that the hyper-production of α-amylase in third instar larvae is elicited to compensate for the enzyme activity inhibition at an earlier stage and also down-regulation suggests the existence of a negative feedback of plant proteins on the last instar larvae via impaired food intake and digestive α-amylase activity in Colorado potato beetle. (potatobeetle.org)

In-vitro Antibacterial Activity of a Fosfomycin-Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Combination Against a Bacterial Collection of Multidrug-Resistant Clinical Isolates. (asm.org)

Only 470 predicted coding regions (out of 482 protein encoding genes) were identified, including genes required for DNA replication, transcription and translation, DNA repair, cellular transport, and energy metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
We are exploring these possibilities by using unbiased, systems-wide approaches to uncover new, uniquely bacterial themes in Mtb phosphorylation and its cellular effects. (seattlechildrens.org)
Aggregated misfolded proteins in the ER cause cellular stress, which if unresolved can lead to cell death. (distantreader.org)

According to a recent National Institutes of Health (NIH) estimate, 90% of cells in the human body are bacterial, fungal, or otherwise non-human. (mpkb.org)

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of CAL02 Administered Intravenously in Addition to Standard of Care in Subjects With Severe Community Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia (SCABP). (asm.org)

The mutated genes cause the CFTR protein to malfunction, and the result is that the normal mucus in various organs, including the lungs, becomes thick and sticky. (biomerieux.com)

6 identified a gene cluster, hbpCAD , encoding the upper metabolic pathway of OPP which involves the transformation of OPP to 2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoateand benzoic acid (BA). (nature.com)
The most prominent are associations with genes involved in the type I interferon pathway, known to be the key driver of bystander T cell activation helping to clear the virus. (theepochtimes.com)

By using chemical probes that detect activity coupled to mass spectrometric identification of target proteins, we survey the proteome for unknown activities. (seattlechildrens.org)

Anatomy14

Organisms33

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs59

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment28

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes122

Disciplines and Occupations3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture5

Information Science12

Health Care1

Sequences12

Human genome6

Bacteria24

Infection12

Complete bacterial genome1

Genomics4

Ribosomal3

Whole genomes2

Biofilms10

Genetic10

Pathogen3

Microbial genomes1

Antibiotic resistance2

Metagenomic data3

20231

Toxins2

Sequence14

Infections6

Chronic1

Enzymes4

Virulence factors1

Escherichia2

Aureus1

Entire genome1

Genomic5

RRNA2

Pathways5

Operon3

Mycobacterium3

Mitochondrial2

Expression18

Organism5

Nucleotide1

Encodes1

Treponema2

Antimicrobial2

Populations1

High-throughput2

Strain2

Annotation2

Researchers3

MRNA1

Synthesis1

Immune system2

Quorum2

Twitching motility4

Molecular2

Microbiota2

GWAS1

Catabolic2

Different genes1

Biofilm6

Putative1

Species2

Collectively1

Draft2

Regulatory4

Nucleotides1

Suggests1

Clinical Isolates1

Cellular3

Fungal1

Pneumonia1

CFTR1

Pathway2

Proteome1