• In the kidney, the loop of Henle (English: /ˈhɛnli/) (or Henle's loop, Henle loop, nephron loop or its Latin counterpart ansa nephroni) is the portion of a nephron that leads from the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] The descending loop of Henle receives isotonic (300 mOsm/L) fluid from the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT). (wikipedia.org)
  • The majority of the filtered load is reabsorbed by the proximal tubule, but significant amounts are also absorbed in the loop of Henle and the early distal nephron. (medscape.com)
  • Up to 90% of the filtered load is reabsorbed by the nephron, 60% in the proximal tubule, and the remainder in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle, the connecting tubule, and the cortical collecting duct. (medscape.com)
  • Lithium can substitute for sodium in several sodium channels, particularly the sodium-hydrogen exchanger in the proximal tubule (NHE3), the sodium/potassium/2chloride exchanger in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle (NKCC2), and the epithelial channel of the cortical collecting tubule (ENaC). (medscape.com)
  • At various sites along the proximal tubules, thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle, distal and collecting tubules, sodium transport is controlled by angiotensin II which increases sodium transport thus leading to sodium retention. (internetandpsychiatry.com)
  • My work suggests that proximal delivery of calcium to the loops of Henle is important in the pathogenesis of nephrocalcinosis and kidney stone formation. (ku.edu)
  • Each tubule has three interconnected parts: the proximal convoluted tubule, the loop of Henle, and the distal convoluted tubule. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Thus the filtrate passes through the following structure in their order: proximal convoluted tubules-they perform the nutrient reabsorption, loop of henle-controls urine concentration, distal convoluted tubules- regulation of sodium, pH and potassium and finally collecting gland- regulation of water and sodium. (essayworldwide.com)
  • Glomerular filtrate travels along the renal tubule (proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule), during which most of its water and various amounts of solutes are reabsorbed from the renal tubular lumen into peritubular capillaries. (aneskey.com)
  • The loop has a sharp bend in the renal medulla going from descending to ascending thin limb. (wikipedia.org)
  • Directly inhibited a renal Na+, K+, 2Cl- cotransporter in the Loop of Henle. (medquizzes.net)
  • The middle portion of the renal tubule is called the loop of Henle, named after the German physician who discovered the structure in the 19th century. (arabslab.com)
  • Claudin-2 increases the calcium permeability of renal epithelial cells upon overexpression. (ku.edu)
  • The renal medulla receives only 6% of total renal blood flow but extracts approximately 80% of the oxygen that it receives, making it very susceptible to ischemia, particularly the medullary thick ascending loop of Henle. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • También se discuten las perspectivas futuras con respecto a la evaluación y el diagnóstico temprano de lesión renal en estos pacientes. (revistanefrologia.com)
  • LOXL2 protein expression was detected in glomerular capillary loops and tubular epithelial cells in human and mouse kidneys. (omicsdi.org)
  • I found no effect of claudin-3 overexpression on conductance or sodium permeability (PNa), with or without claudin-2 expression. (ku.edu)
  • As a result, the permeability of the distal convoluted tubule changes to allow for water reabsorption back into the blood circulation. (smpdb.ca)
  • However, aldosterone is a major regulator of the reabsorption of these ions as well, as it changes the permeability of the distal convoluted tubule to these ions. (smpdb.ca)
  • Reduces reabsorption of Na+ at the level of the Henle loop cortical segment, without affecting its segment lying in the medulla of the kidney that detects a weaker diuretic effect compared with furosemide. (healthynet.eu)
  • The interstitium of the kidney increases in osmolarity outside as the loop of Henle descends from 600 mOsm/L in the outer medulla of the kidney to 1200 mOsm/L in the inner medulla. (wikipedia.org)
  • The 300 mOsm/L fluid from the loop loses water to the higher concentration outside the loop and increases in tonicity until it reaches its maximum at the bottom of the loop. (wikipedia.org)
  • As flow increases, the ability of the loop to maintain its osmolar gradient is reduced. (wikipedia.org)
  • Antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) increases water permeability in the late distal tubules and collecting tubules. (internetandpsychiatry.com)
  • AVP increases the permeability of the collecting duct to water through insertion of water channel "aquaporins. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Named after its discoverer, the German anatomist Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle, the loop of Henle's main function is to create a concentration gradient in the medulla of the kidney. (wikipedia.org)
  • By means of a countercurrent multiplier system, which uses electrolyte pumps, the loop of Henle creates an area of high urea concentration deep in the medulla, near the papillary duct in the collecting duct system. (wikipedia.org)
  • The loop of Henle lies in the medulla region of the kidney. (microbenotes.com)
  • A 4 times higher osmolarity of medullary tip (papilla) is maintained by the hairpin structure of the loop of Henle acting as passive counter current multiplier and the arrangement of blood vessels as vasa recti with shunts that prevents washing away of the osmotic gradient by progressively reducing blood flow to the inner medulla. (pharmacy180.com)
  • Which type of nephrons are long loops of Henle that deeply invade the medulla? (freezingblue.com)
  • Ascending limb of loop of Henle Sodium (Na+), potassium (K+) and chloride (Cl−) ions are reabsorbed from the urine by secondary active transport by a Na-K-Cl cotransporter (NKCC2). (wikipedia.org)
  • The loop of Henle serves to further concentrate sodium and chloride ions, urea, and other waste products in the urine by reabsorbing water into the bloodstream. (arabslab.com)
  • Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) presents early as an inability to concentrate urine caused by the breakdown of the Na + /K + -ATPase pump in the medullary thick ascending loop of Henle because of a loss of cell polarity. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Atrial natriuretic peptide, a neuropeptide, is the predominant salt-excreting stimulus along with decreases in angiotensin II and sympathetic activity resulting in decreased sodium resorption, thus producing a dilute urine (300 mOsm/kg) and abundant urine sodium (80 mEq/L). Loop diuretics may produce a similar picture even in the face of hypovolemia. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • 3. How does the glomerular capillary loop prevent the filtration of macromolecules? (abdominalkey.com)
  • The descending loop further extends towards the upward direction leading to the Distal Convoluted Tubule and is called ascending loop of Henle. (microbenotes.com)
  • 2015). This process occurs in the loop of henle fluid leaves the ascending limb and moves to the distal convoluted tubule. (essayworldwide.com)
  • The results of calcium permeability assays show that calcium transport was reduced with co-expression of claudins-2 and -10a but unchanged with co-expression of claudins-2 and -3. (ku.edu)
  • Interesting fact: The longest Loop of Henle is found in kangaroo rats which helps them to reabsorb large amounts of water in the body, and hence it is easier for them to adapt to the desert ecosystem. (microbenotes.com)
  • In order to test the potential contribution of claudin hetero-oligomerization on these permeability properties, I measured permeability of claudin-2/claudin-10a cells with titrated expression of each protein and with blockage of the claudin-2 pore. (ku.edu)