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PeptidesMembranesCell MembraneMembrane LipidsIntracellular MembranesMembrane PotentialsMembranes, ArtificialPeptide FragmentsMembrane FluidityErythrocyte MembranePeptide LibraryCell Membrane PermeabilityAntimicrobial Cationic PeptidesBasement MembranePeptides, CyclicAmino Acid SequenceProtein BindingLipid BilayersOligopeptidesMembrane Transport ProteinsMolecular Sequence DataCell LineMembrane GlycoproteinsPeptide MappingModels, MolecularProtein ConformationProtein Structure, TertiaryBinding SitesProtein TransportMicroscopy, ElectronProtein Structure, SecondaryEscherichia coliLiposomesBase SequenceCells, CulturedElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelMitochondrial MembranesNatriuretic Peptide, BrainCarrier ProteinsMolecular WeightKineticsHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationCalciumRecombinant Fusion ProteinsBacterial ProteinsSequence Homology, Amino AcidSynaptic MembranesMutationModels, BiologicalRecombinant ProteinsStructure-Activity RelationshipVasoactive Intestinal PeptideCell-Penetrating PeptidesCattleCloning, MolecularRabbitsCalcitonin Gene-Related PeptideProtein PrecursorsCell FractionationPeptide BiosynthesisPhosphatidylcholinesTrypsinEpitopesEndoplasmic ReticulumPeptide HydrolasesTemperatureDetergentsTime FactorsMicroscopy, FluorescenceChromatography, High Pressure LiquidPeptide YYAmino AcidsReceptors, PeptideMass SpectrometryPeptide Nucleic AcidsSolubilitySignal TransductionGolgi ApparatusExtraembryonic MembranesProteinsNatriuretic Peptide, C-TypeProtein Processing, Post-TranslationalHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsCricetinaeNatriuretic PeptidesBinding, CompetitiveMicroscopy, ConfocalReceptors, Formyl PeptideBlotting, WesternSubstrate SpecificityCytoplasmFluorescent DyesTransfectionMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopySubcellular FractionsGastrin-Releasing PeptideSequence AlignmentMitochondriaFreeze FracturingPeptide PHI
Parallel artificial membrane permeability assayCollagen PeptidesAntimicrobial peptidesProteinsPermeabilityCationicAssaySyntheticPoresConjugatesSequencesEggshellHydrophilicAmyloidNanoparticlesPore formationCellBacteriaBiologically activeSynthesisAmino acid compositionPositively chargedScaffoldsResiduesMoleculesNegatively chargedCellularAntibacterialLipidsBiologicalAffinityPeptoidsSpectraLiposomeHydrophobicNaturallyBiomoleculesSurfacesCellsHemolyticInsulinEnzymesCompositionOrganisms
Parallel artificial membrane permeability assay4
  • Furthermore, permeability was found to be highly temperature-dependent in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) control cells and artificial membranes (parallel artificial membrane permeability assay). (aspetjournals.org)
  • Using a parallel artificial membrane permeability assay, it was found that RMG8-8 is likely unable to penetrate the blood brain barrier. (mtsu.edu)
  • The solubility and passive diffusion velocity of the middle molecules were assessed using the parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA). (elsevierpure.com)
  • We synthesized cyclic peptomer libraries by split-pool techniques, separately permuting side chain and backbone geometry, and analyzed their membrane permeabilities using the parallel artificial membrane permeability assay. (circlepharma.com)
Collagen Peptides12
Antimicrobial peptides18
  • Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), also called host defence peptides (HDPs) are part of the innate immune response found among all classes of life. (wikipedia.org)
  • Fundamental differences exist between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells that may represent targets for antimicrobial peptides. (wikipedia.org)
  • Antimicrobial peptides have been demonstrated to kill Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria, enveloped viruses, fungi and even transformed or cancerous cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Unlike the majority of conventional antibiotics it appears that antimicrobial peptides frequently destabilize biological membranes, can form transmembrane channels, and may also have the ability to enhance immunity by functioning as immunomodulators. (wikipedia.org)
  • Antimicrobial peptides are a unique and diverse group of molecules, which are divided into subgroups on the basis of their amino acid composition and structure. (wikipedia.org)
  • Antimicrobial peptides are generally between 12 and 50 amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
  • This amphipathicity of the antimicrobial peptides allows them to partition into the membrane lipid bilayer. (wikipedia.org)
  • The ability to associate with membranes is a definitive feature of antimicrobial peptides, although membrane permeabilization is not necessary. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] The modes of action by which antimicrobial peptides kill microbes are varied, and may differ for different bacterial species. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some antimicrobial peptides kill both bacteria and fungi, e.g., psoriasin kills E. coli and several filamentous fungi. (wikipedia.org)
  • Isolated LPS and LTA decrease the antimicrobial activities of PBP 10, as well as other antimicrobial peptides, such as cathelicidin-LL37 (LL37) and mellitin. (upenn.edu)
  • Comparison of these antimicrobial peptides shows that only mellitin has a toxic effect on platelets and RBCs in a concentration range concomitant with its bactericidal activity. (upenn.edu)
  • Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of promising antibiotic molecules as they present broad action spectrum, potent activity, and do not easily induce resistance. (frontiersin.org)
  • Antimicrobial peptides are promising agents for the treatment of bacterial infections and recent studies indicate that Pep19-2.5, a synthetic anti-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) peptide (SALP), efficiently neutralises pathogenicity factors of Gram-negative (LPS) and Gram-positive (lipoprotein/-peptide, LP) bacteria and protects against sepsis. (nature.com)
  • We show here that the cementoin domain adopts an α-helical conformation both by circular dichroism and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses in the presence of membrane mimetics, a characteristic shared with a large number of linear polycationic antimicrobial peptides. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The N-terminal cementoin domain adopts α-helical secondary structures in a membrane mimetic environment, which is common in antimicrobial peptides. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, unlike numerous linear polycationic antimicrobial peptides, membrane disruption does not appear to be the main function of either cementoin, elafin or full-length pre-elafin/trappin-2 against P. aeruginosa . (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the past decade, gene-encoded short positively charged peptides, collectively known as antimicrobial peptides (AMP), have attracted much attention because of their broad antimicrobial activities and their potential use as therapeutics [ 11 - 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Proteins11
  • This depends, in turn, upon whether specific active peptide sequences in specific proteins are accessible to arriving cells such as neutrophils and macrophages. (nanomedicine.com)
  • One early strategy to try to accomplish this in implants was to coat the artificial surface with an adsorbed protein, usually bovine serum albumin (BSA) or high-density lipoproteins, to serve as cell adhesion inhibiting proteins that would resist the adsorption of other proteins. (nanomedicine.com)
  • This method was simple and inexpensive, but suffered from limited stability of the protein layer owing to exchange with other proteins in solution via the Vroman effect, and also from presentation of biologically active peptide sequences [ 1443 ]. (nanomedicine.com)
  • Due to their large surface area and ability to interact with proteins and peptides, graphene oxides offer valuable physiochemical and biological features for biomedical applications and have been successfully employed for optimizing scaffold architectures for a wide range of organs, from the skin to cardiac tissue. (mdpi.com)
  • This PhD scholarship is in the applications of Artificial Intelligence to membrane proteins. (ischolarshipgrants.com)
  • The proposed new work will aim to create and build a new Artificial Intelligence tool to predict and analyze transmembrane proteins and signal peptides. (ischolarshipgrants.com)
  • Their venoms are composed of a number of peptides and proteins and used for defending their nests and themselves from predators. (scielo.org)
  • These formulations contain a reactive lipid on the surface of the liposomes that can be used only with water soluble antibodies, proteins, peptides and ligands. (encapsula.com)
  • The intracellular delivery of functionally active transcription factor proteins is emerging as a promising technique for artificial regulation of cellular functions. (elsevierpure.com)
  • However, in addition to the cell membrane, which acts as a barrier to macromolecules, the aggregation-favored properties of structurally flexible transcription factor proteins limit the application of this method. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Because this method can transduce proteins uniformly and repeatedly into living cells, S-cationized transcription factor proteins are widely applicable for the artificial regulation of cellular functions. (elsevierpure.com)
Permeability3
Cationic5
  • Their amino acid composition, amphipathicity, cationic charge and size allow them to attach to and insert into membrane bilayers to form pores by 'barrel-stave', 'carpet' or 'toroidal-pore' mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • Liquid droplet formation and facile cytosolic translocation of IgG in the presence of attenuated cationic amphiphilic lytic peptides. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)
  • Their chemical and biological characteristics, belonging to linear cationic α-helical peptides, are similar to the known solitary bee venom peptides, melectin and osmin. (scielo.org)
  • Although the cationic moiety of S-cationized protein was slightly affected, co-transduction of amphipathic peptide Endo-PORTER dramatically improved in-cell folding efficiency. (elsevierpure.com)
  • When an effective fusogen anionic polymer was added to these cationic liposomes membrane fusion occurred and the functionalized liposomal membranes responded with changes in enzymatic activity thus serving as an effective nanosensory device for liposome fusion detection. (conferencedequebec.org)
Assay1
  • In this study, we utilized a sensitive luciferase reporter gene assay to quantitatively evaluate in-cell folding of the artificial transcription factor GAL4-VP16. (elsevierpure.com)
Synthetic3
  • In October of 2007, a team of scientists headed by controversial DNA researcher Craig Venter and Nobel laureate Hamilton Smith announced that they plan to create the first artificial life form in history by creating a synthetic chromosome which they plan to inject into the M. genitalium bacterium, potentially resulting in an artificial species dubbed Mycoplasma laboratorium. (metafilter.com)
  • Using the synthetic specimen, biological activities (antimicrobial activity, mast cell devaluation, hemolysis, leishmanicidal activity) and pore formation in artificial lipid bilayer were evaluated. (scielo.org)
  • Previously we have reported on artificial cell membrane-type nanodevices employing a concept inspired by biological transmission transduction which entails a system essentially comprised of three molecular components: a synthetic receptor enzyme and liposomal membrane (Physique 1). (conferencedequebec.org)
Pores2
  • 2021 ) Tuning the Diameter, Stability, and Membrane Affinity of Peptide Pores by DNA-Programmed Self-Assembly. (academictree.org)
  • Additionally, the peptide was able to incorporate pores in artificial lipid bilayers of azolectin, confirming the mechanism of the cytolytic activity by pore formation in biological membranes. (scielo.org)
Conjugates4
  • Hiroyuki Asanuma followed this path by a report on threolinol and serinol nucleic acid analogs and Jesper Wengel extended the topic by peptide-nucleic acid conjugates. (beilstein-institut.de)
  • Anti-malarial polymer-peptide conjugates. (sun.ac.za)
  • Although these artificial life forms are still in the developmental stages, the team has successfully constructed peptide-DNA conjugates. (sciencefinest.com)
  • These conjugates combine DNA, which provides precise coding control, and peptides, which offer versatility in manipulating chemical environments. (sciencefinest.com)
Sequences3
  • MS/MS analysis gave 75 full sequences of the peptide components. (scielo.org)
  • The method's focus is to globally detect mass differences, not to assign peptide sequences or modifications to individual spectra. (lu.se)
  • The goal is to assign acquired spectra to known peptide sequences and potential co- and post-translational modifica- tions. (lu.se)
Eggshell1
Hydrophilic2
  • The peptides contain hydrophilic amino acid residues aligned along one side and hydrophobic amino acid residues aligned along the opposite side of a helical molecule. (wikipedia.org)
  • Various hydrophilic adsorbed coatings have been attached to artificial surfaces to make them more protein-resistant, in effect "passivating" them against protein adsorption and greatly reducing or preventing cell adhesion to biomedical implants [ 754 ]. (nanomedicine.com)
Amyloid1
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the ABCA1 agonist peptide CS-6253 on amyloid- peptides (A) and lipoproteins in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of cynomolgus monkeys, a species with amyloid and lipoprotein metabolism similar to humans. (cdc.gov)
Nanoparticles1
  • Then, the artificial vesicle is transformed into a bowl-shaped stomatocyte (pictured), a vesicle with a dent or groove, by adding the engine, platinum nanoparticles. (chemistryviews.org)
Pore formation2
  • This study reveals that pore formation is unlikely to be involved in PBP 10-mediated membrane destabilization. (upenn.edu)
  • Pore formation in artificial lipid bilayers was demonstrated for the first time with a solitary bee peptide. (scielo.org)
Cell16
  • The cytoplasmic membrane is a frequent target, but peptides may also interfere with DNA and protein synthesis, protein folding, and cell wall synthesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Intracellular binding models includes inhibition of cell wall synthesis, alteration of the cytoplasmic membrane, activation of autolysin, inhibition of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis, and inhibition of certain enzymes. (wikipedia.org)
  • PBP 10, an antibacterial, cell membrane-permeant rhodamine B-conjugated peptide derived from the polyphosphoinositide binding site of gelsolin, interacts selectively with both lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA), the distinct components of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, respectively. (upenn.edu)
  • In an effort to elucidate the mechanism of bacterial killing by PBP 10, we compared its effects on artificial lipid bilayers and eukaryotic cell membranes with the actions of the mellitin, magainin II, and LL37 peptides. (upenn.edu)
  • Fewster et al [ 474 ] point out that in some situations it is vital for an implant to resist cell attachment, as for instance within the cardiovascular system if an artificial blood vessel is to resist thrombosis. (nanomedicine.com)
  • In LPS-stimulated human monocyte-derived dendritic cells and Langerhans-like cells, the peptides blocked IL-6 secretion, downregulated expression of maturation markers and inhibited dendritic cell migration. (nature.com)
  • Furthermore, SALPs markedly promoted cell migration via EGFR transactivation and ERK1/2 phosphorylation and accelerated artificial wound closure in keratinocytes. (nature.com)
  • Bacteria can release endotoxins like lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or other pathogenicity factors such as lipopoteins/peptides (LP) from their cell envelope, even due to treatment with conventional antibiotics, being able to activate Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and induce a strong inflammatory response. (nature.com)
  • A common feature ascribed to AMP is their ability to interact with the negatively charged bacterial membranes and polyanionic cell surface (lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Gram-negative and lipoteichoic acid of Gram-positive bacteria). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Hybrid molecules have also been utilized to develop nanomachines capable of opening channels in cell membranes. (sciencefinest.com)
  • Pore-forming peptides form channels through cellular membranes for the transportation of ions such as chlorides and iodides in and out of a cell. (asianscientist.com)
  • Through this, they discovered that one of the gelators was of significant toxicity, causing them to explore whether the molecule might self-assemble into a pore-like structure in the cell membrane and cause an imbalance of ions. (asianscientist.com)
  • A team of Dutch scientists has designed a nanomotor that has these functions: An antitumor drug encapsulated in self-propelled, self-assembled stomatocytes is carried across the cellular membrane and released inside the cell upon a chemical redox signal that disassembles the vesicle membrane. (chemistryviews.org)
  • Thus, upon cleaving disulfide bonds, glutathione triggers the vesicle membrane disassembly, and the content of the vesicle, which can be a drug, is distributed in the target cell. (chemistryviews.org)
  • This nanoparticle catalyst degrades hydrogen peroxide, which is typically produced by tumor cells, propelling the stomatocytes forward, for example, across the cell membrane. (chemistryviews.org)
  • A signal transduction system located in the cell membrane is an example of naturally occurring nanodevices in which transmission transmission among functional biomolecules such as receptors and enzymes is usually efficiently achieved in the cell membrane [5]. (conferencedequebec.org)
Bacteria2
  • This finding suggests that asymmetrical distribution of phospholipids in the external membranes of eukaryotic cells may represent an important factor in determining the specificity of antibacterial peptides for targeting bacteria rather than eukaryotic cells. (upenn.edu)
  • The researchers envision the creation of artificial allies in the form of engineered viruses, bacteria, and cells. (sciencefinest.com)
Biologically active1
  • Natural and artificial functionalities as well as probes, markers or other biologically active molecules can be introduced synthetically into DNA, and in the meantime also into RNA, by preparing the corresponding artificial DNA building blocks. (beilstein-institut.de)
Synthesis2
  • Facile and rapid 'spot synthesis' of large numbers of peptides on membrane sheets. (gentaurtop.com)
  • A major peptide component was isolated by reverse-phase HPLC by conventional way, and its sequence was determined by Edman degradation, which was finally corroborated by solid phase synthesis. (scielo.org)
Amino acid composition1
Positively charged1
  • These peptides include two or more positively charged residues provided by arginine, lysine or, in acidic environments, histidine, and a large proportion (generally >50%) of hydrophobic residues. (wikipedia.org)
Scaffolds1
  • These include self-assembling peptide nanofibers, scaffolds for tissue regeneration, sensors of biomarkers, artificial retinas, and chip-based nanolabs. (cdc.gov)
Residues2
  • Structural Dissection of Epsin-1 N-Terminal Helical Peptide: The Role of Hydrophobic Residues in Modulating Membrane Curvature. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)
  • Cyclic peptomers, which incorporate peptide and N-alkylglycine (peptoid) residues, combine the stereochemical and geometric complexity of peptides with the functional group diversity accessible to peptoids. (circlepharma.com)
Molecules1
  • The secondary structures of these molecules follow 4 themes, including i) α-helical, ii) β-stranded due to the presence of 2 or more disulfide bonds, iii) β-hairpin or loop due to the presence of a single disulfide bond and/or cyclization of the peptide chain, and iv) extended. (wikipedia.org)
Negatively charged1
  • These channels could transport negatively-charged ions, including chloride, efficiently across the membrane. (asianscientist.com)
Cellular1
  • While the creation of artificial viral vaccines may still be a decade away, researchers believe that there are no significant obstacles preventing the production of artificial cellular organisms. (sciencefinest.com)
Antibacterial2
  • The hemolytic activities of the PBP 10 and LL37 peptides significantly increase when RBCs are osmotically swollen in hypotonic solution, indicating that these antibacterial peptides may take advantage of the more extended form of bacterial membranes in exerting their killing activities. (upenn.edu)
  • The aim of the present study was to determine the secondary structures of the cementoin domain and to characterize the antibacterial properties of these peptides against P. aeruginosa . (biomedcentral.com)
Lipids1
  • We propose the hypothesis that small high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by virtue of their capacity to exchange lipids, affecting neuronal membrane composition and vascular and synaptic functions. (cdc.gov)
Biological3
  • Many of these peptides are unstructured in free solution, and fold into their final configuration upon partitioning into biological membranes. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2019 ) Artificial Membrane Attack Complex through DNA-Guided Self-Assembly of Pore-Forming Peptides: Biological Nanopores with Programmable Diameter Biophysical Journal . (academictree.org)
  • Membrane fusion is one of the most fundamental processes in biological system involved in cargo transport PF 573228 through secretory pathways fertilization organelle inheritance and viral access into host cells [17-22] but there have been few reports of a molecular device sensing membrane fusion. (conferencedequebec.org)
Affinity1
  • phase transition behavior of the lipid membranes which in turn controlled receptor binding affinity toward the enzyme-inhibiting PF 573228 mediator species. (conferencedequebec.org)
Peptoids1
  • In comparison to naturally produced antifungal peptides, antifungal peptoids mainly differ in structure, which prevents protease recognition giving higher bioavailability. (mtsu.edu)
Spectra1
  • Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore the peptide component profile of the venom from the solitary bee Xylocopa appendiculata circumvolans by peptidomic analysis with using LC-MS. Methods: A reverse-phase HPLC connected to ESI-OrbiTrap MS was used for LC-MS. On-line mass fingerprinting was made from TIC, and data-dependent tandem mass spectrometry gave MSMS spectra. (scielo.org)
Liposome1
  • However, pre-elafin/trappin-2 and its domains display only weak lytic properties, as assessed by scanning electron micrography, outer and inner membrane depolarization studies with P. aeruginosa and leakage of liposome-entrapped calcein. (biomedcentral.com)
Hydrophobic1
  • The initial contact between the peptide and the target organism is electrostatic, as most bacterial surfaces are anionic, or hydrophobic, such as in the antimicrobial peptide Piscidin. (wikipedia.org)
Naturally1
Biomolecules1
  • By utilizing hybrid biomolecules, scientists could not only construct artificial life forms but also use them as the foundation for viral vaccines. (sciencefinest.com)
Surfaces1
  • It is mainly used in racehorses to prevent the formation of adhesions (abnormal fusion of membrane surfaces due to injury or inflammation), although, it is not considered a veterinary medicine. (peptidesforresearch.com)
Cells2
  • We also investigated the effects of these peptides on platelets and red blood cells (RBCs). (upenn.edu)
  • Combining the ideas of self-propelling nanomotors, drug encapsulation, and triggered destruction of the nanocarrier, Daniela A. Wilson and colleagues, Radboud University, The Netherlands, have designed an artificial self-propelling vesicle which is sealed by a block copolymer shell and opens to release the loaded drug load if it encounters higher concentrations of glutathione, a chemical compound inside cells. (chemistryviews.org)
Hemolytic1
  • Additionally, we found that LL37 hemolytic activity was much higher when RBCs were induced to expose phosphatidylserine to the external leaflet of their plasma membranes. (upenn.edu)
Insulin1
  • The diabetic, treated and normal animals were kept in the metabolic cages separately and their body weight, consumption of food and water, urine volume, the levels of serum glucose, insulin and C-peptide quantities in all animals were measured. (scialert.net)
Enzymes1
  • Regioselective oxidations of steroids and steroid analogs using artificial cytochrome P-450 enzymes. (academictree.org)
Composition1
  • Collagen peptide supplementation in combination with resistance training improves body composition and increases muscle strength in elderly sarcopenic men: A randomised controlled trial. (prohealth.com)
Organisms1
  • Scientists have made significant strides in editing the DNA blueprints of all organisms and combining them with peptides. (sciencefinest.com)