Peptide reaction biological assay. Medical search. Frequent questions

Here, we describe the generation and verification of a compendium of highly specific assays that enable quantification of 99.7% of the 20,277 annotated human proteins by the widely accessible, sensitive, and robust targeted mass spectrometric method selected reaction monitoring, SRM. (nih.gov)
Dubbed the Biology/Disease-Driven Human Proteome Project, or B/D-HPP, this new arm aims to organize characterization of the proteome based on proteins' roles in disease and biological functions. (genomeweb.com)
It stems from the notion, Aebersold said in a presentation to the congress, that, while currently, "most biological research is focused on [individual] biological molecules … that is changing very quickly, and the focus is clearly shifting to networks, especially in the field of proteomics where proteins clearly act in coordination with other proteins to convert the phenotype. (genomeweb.com)
Sample is added to a reaction vessel with a stripping agent to dissociate T3 from the binding proteins. (cdc.gov)
A sample is added to a reaction vessel with anti-thyroxine antibody, thyroxine-alkaline phosphatase conjugate, and paramagnetic particles coated with goat anti-mouse capture antibody and a stripping agent to dissociate all T4 from binding proteins. (cdc.gov)
These enzymes are involved in a multitude of physiological reactions from simple digestion of food proteins to highly regulated cascades (e.g., the blood-clotting cascade, the complement system, apoptosis pathways, and the invertebrate prophenoloxidase-activating cascade). (stratech.co.uk)
Bacteria also secrete proteases to hydrolyze (digest) the peptide bonds in proteins and therefore break the proteins down into their constituent monomers (amino acids). (stratech.co.uk)
A total of 41 of these formerly N-linked glycosite-containing peptides (corresponding to 37 proteins) were reproducibly quantified based on their relative peak area ratios in human serum during PRM assay development, with 4 proteins showing differential significance in serum from nonaggressive (NAG) vs aggressive (AG) prostate cancer patient serum (n = 50, NAG vs AG). (nih.gov)
Given the high number of proteins used in the clinic, proteomics is poised to have a massive impact on in vitro diagnostics (IVD), drug development, and rapid assay development. (genengnews.com)
Replacements L38E and L41E, involving charge acquisition at residues predicted to contribute to the hydrophobic interface, reduced the dimerization signal in the protein ligation assay and prevented the detection of dimer/multimer species in both transiently expressed 3A proteins and in synthetic peptides reproducing the N terminus of 3A. (asm.org)
Such cytokine secretion is involved in the induction of immune reactions to foreign proteins at the injection site. (ddw-online.com)
This assay format is versatile and compatible with virtually any type of kinase substrates, including peptides, proteins, small molecules, and lipids, as long as there is a suitable method to separate radiolabeled ATP and substrate. (kinasebiotech.com)
The biological system is complex with many regulatory features such as DNA, mRNA, proteins, metabolites, and epigenetic features such as DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications (PTMs). (rsc.org)
Cytokines are small proteins and peptides that are produced by the immune cells. (magazinexu.com)
Using comparative proteomics approach and molecular analysis of butanol-challenged B. subtilis 168, 108 butanol-responsive proteins were revealed, and classified into seven groups according to their biological functions. (biomedcentral.com)
Our bioanalytical chemistry department specializes in developing and validating robust bioanalytical methods for PK/TK sample analysis of small molecules, proteins, peptides, and metabolites using LCMS/MS (HPLC, UPLC, on-line SPE), HPLC/UV, and HPLC/FL. (axispharm.com)
AxisPharm provides comprehensive metabolomics and proteomics analysis, which involves profiling and quantification of metabolites or proteins in biological samples using techniques such as LC-MS, GC-MS, and mass spectrometry-based omics analysis. (axispharm.com)
Therefore, we attempt to check whether we'd elicit ligand-dependent behavioural reactions in em C. elegans /em by expressing mammalian GPCRs in the ASH and ADL gustatory neurons, because they are straight exposed to the surroundings allowing gain access to of proteins and peptide ligands towards the heterologous receptors. (exposed-skin-care.net)
This reactivity of chemicals to cutaneous the peptide reactivity assay ( 10 ), quantitative LC-MS was proteins is the basis for most, if not all, current nonanimal- exploited by Natsch et al. (cdc.gov)

Assays have been developed on mass spectrometry platforms including surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF MS), matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and liquid chromatography tandem-MS techniques (LC-MS/MS). Some methods use an internal standard, either hepcidin analogs or bioactive hepcidin-25 synthesized with stable isotopes. (haematologica.org)
Multiplexed Targeted Mass Spectrometry-Based Assays for the Quantification of N-Linked Glycosite-Containing Peptides in Serum. (nih.gov)
Based on recent developments in quantitative mass spectrometry, biological reference materials have been generated that can be used as internal (quality) controls for proteomics utilizing the characteristics of isotope-dilution mass spectrometry (ID-MS). (genengnews.com)
Current methods for detecting BoNT include a mouse cause human botulism (A, B, E, and F). We developed a bioassay (2-4) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay rapid, mass spectrometry-based method (Endopep-MS) to (ELISA) (5,6). (cdc.gov)
The product peptides derived from the endopeptidase injection containing a sample with more than a minimum activities of BoNTs are detected by matrix-assisted laser- lethal dose show symptoms of botulinum intoxication and desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. (cdc.gov)
Mice receiving the appropriate anti-BoNT serotype anti- a unique cleavage site on a unique peptide, the mass-spe- body are asymptomatic and survive, while mice treated cific product peptides detected by mass spectrometry dif- with the other serotype antibodies show symptoms of botu- ferentiate active BoNT serotypes. (cdc.gov)
With the advancement of next-generation sequencing and mass spectrometry, there is a growing need for the ability to merge biological features in order to study a system as a whole. (rsc.org)
METHODS: A mass spectrometry (MS)-based candidate RMP (cRMP) for apo(a) was developed using quantitative bottom-up proteomics targeting 3 proteotypic peptides. (cdc.gov)

SP-4 (residues 192-203), SP-8 (residues 483-494), and SP-10 (residues 668-679) significantly blocked the interaction between S protein and ACE2 by biotinylated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, with IC 50 values of 4.30 ± 2.18, 6.99 ± 0.71, and 1.88 ± 0.52 nmol, respectively. (scienceopen.com)

3 - 10 Recently, immunochemical (IC) assays for hepcidin-25 have also been developed, which comprise of competitive radio-immunoassays (RIA) 11 and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). (haematologica.org)
These predicted LE candidates were further validated by ELISA assays for evaluating the strength of antigenicity and cross antigenicity. (biomedcentral.com)
In concept, Luminex assays are numerous ELISA assays on a bead. (magazinexu.com)
Thus, through 96-well or 364-well plates, Luminex ELISA multiplex assays provide higher throughput and density. (magazinexu.com)
Luminex ELISA assays produce accurate results similar to traditional ELISA assays. (magazinexu.com)
Besides, these results are as accurate and reliable as conventional ELISA assays. (magazinexu.com)
This ELISA kit applies to the in vitro quantitative determination of Rat GLP-1 concentrations in Serum, plasma and other biological fluids. (caslab.com)
The Avidin-Biotin system has been utilized extensively for enzyme-linked immuno solid-phase assay (ELISA), in which an enzyme-Avidin conjugate (useful for detection by reaction with the enzyme's substrate to afford a colored or chemiluminescent product) is employed to detect the presence of a biotinylated antibody, after first binding the antibody to an immobilized antigen or hapten. (justia.com)

Amplite™ Universal Fluorimetric Protease Activity Assay Kit is an ideal choice to perform routine protease isolation assays or for identifying the presence of contaminating proteases in protein samples. (stratech.co.uk)
A large collection of ready-to-use kinase activity assay kits are also available to help our customers save precious time. (kinasebiotech.com)

By combining the results from two-stage quantification, 4 or 5 orders of magnitude in dynamic range were achieved for the detection of the serotypes of BoNT/A, /B, /E, or /F. The effect of multiplexing the assay by mixing substrates for different BoNT serotypes into a single reaction was also investigated in order to reduce the numbers of the cleavage reactions and to save valuable clinical samples. (cdc.gov)
Each serotype of BoNT hydrolyzes their protein substrates at different peptide bonds. (cdc.gov)
Enzymatic cleavage assays represent an attractive approach where the functional active toxins are detected by monitoring the cleavage of their target substrates, or peptide mimics in most cases, by means of different techniques, such as immunological detection 18 , 19 , capillary electrophoresis 20 , fluorescence analysis 21 , Forster resonance energy transfer (ALISSA) 22 , and high performance liquid chromatography 23 . (cdc.gov)

We report data on 166,174 proteotypic peptides providing multiple, independent assays to quantify any human protein and numerous spliced variants, non-synonymous mutations, and post-translational modifications. (nih.gov)

Then, the chemiluminescent substrate Lumi-Phos™ 530 is added to the vessel and light generated by the reaction is measured with a luminometer. (cdc.gov)
The assay utilizes a fluorescent casein conjugate that is proven to be a generic substrate for a broad spectrum of proteases (e.g. trypsin, chymotrypsin, thermolysin, proteinase K, protease XIV, and elastase). (stratech.co.uk)
Substrate peptides that lism (4). (cdc.gov)
SDS PAGE, filtration techniques, chromatography, or density gradient centrifugation are typically used to separate radiolabeled ATP from radiolabeled substrate in low-throughput assays, while Scintillation Proximity Assay (SPA) or FlashPlate assays can be used for high-throughput assays. (kinasebiotech.com)
Protein or peptide substrate embedded in polyacrylamide gels can be phosphorylated by kinases and then separated by electrophoresis under denaturing conditions. (kinasebiotech.com)
The radioisotope filtration binding assay allows for the detection of kinase phosphoryl transfer activity, which is proportional to the amount of phosphorylated substrate. (kinasebiotech.com)
This assay is the only format that directly detects the true product without any special substrate labeling or modification. (kinasebiotech.com)
For example, phosphatases, ATPases and several other enzymes catalyze reactions in which inorganic phosphate (Pi) is released from a substrate. (cmscorp.co.kr)
Factors that might affect the linearity and dynamic range for detection of BoNT cleavage products were initially examined, including the amount of peptide substrate and internal standard, the timing of cleavage reaction, and the components in the reaction solution. (cdc.gov)
The 3end of the last one carried the sequence of the telomeric substrate (TS) primer used for elongation by telomerase in the telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay. (mdc-berlin.de)
The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of stop solution and the color turns yellow. (caslab.com)

The Access HYPERsensitive hTSH assay has virtually no cross-reactivity with other peptide hormones. (cdc.gov)
SHAPE reactivities were normalized by subtracting intensities for the -1M7 control from the +1M7 reaction and dividing each by the average reactivity of the most reactive 7% of the nucleotides. (ncsu.edu)
Glutathione and other select peptides have been used to determine the reactivity of electrophilic allergens to nucleophiles but available peptide-based methods are inadequate to accurately measure the rapid kinetics observed with many chemical sensitizers. (cdc.gov)
A kinetic spectrophotometric chemometric assay involving the reactivity of electrophilic sensitizers to nitrobenzenethiol was evaluated. (cdc.gov)
With respect to toxicokinetics, all MDI substances are highly reactive and exhibit strong reactivity with biological nucleophiles which are directly related to the toxicity mode of action. (europa.eu)
9 ) with the determination of the RC50 value being the marker reactivity of test chemicals as end point toxicology assays have of the potency of a chemical. (cdc.gov)
This method ( 10 ) mea- chemical-induced skin sensitization is the ability of a chemical, sured the depletion of the peptides after treatment with excess either as such or after ex/in cutaneo activation, to covalently electrophile for 24 h and adopted the percent depletion (dp) as react with a carrier protein or peptide ( 6 ), resulting in an the reactivity index of a given chemical. (cdc.gov)

Enzymatic oxidative conversion of C-terminal glycine extended peptide precursors results in an a-amidated peptide and glyoxylate. (usf.edu)
Given the important role of kinases in cellular regulation, radiometric assays can be applied to almost any biological research that investigates enzymatic activity within cellular processes. (kinasebiotech.com)

Then we used miR-720 mimic, miR-720 inhibitor and dual luciferase reporter gene assays to prove miR-720 regulate insulin secretion by targeting Rab35 in MIN6 cells. (researchsquare.com)
Moreover, Liver X Receptor response element (LXRE)-mediated luciferase assays were performed to analyze the ability of the novel analogs to activate LXRE - directed transcription, and to induce ApoE messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) in U87 glial cells. (asu.edu)
The regulation of HSP70 by HSF1 was preliminarily confirmed by binding site predictions and by a dual luciferase assay. (biomedcentral.com)

On the basis of the obtained sequence, conventional and real-time PCR assays for specific and sensitive detection of the novel virus were established. (scienceopen.com)
Synthetic hepcidin-25 (Peptide Institute Inc., Osaka, Japan, net hepcidin peptide weight is precisely determined by amino acid analysis after acid hydrolysis) was added to a final concentration of 13.1 nmol/mmol creatinine to a urine sample that by SELDI-TOF MS 7 was found to have a hepcidin concentration below the lower limit of detection of 0.5 nmol/L (sample 5). (haematologica.org)
Protease assays are widely used for the investigation of protease inhibitors and the detection of protease activities. (stratech.co.uk)
Mixtures of neutralizing anti- detection of the unique peptide products by mass spec- bodies are given to mice in conjunction with the sample. (cdc.gov)
The scintillation proximity assay (SPA) using radioisotope-labeled ATP is an activity-based homogenous and versatile assay that allows for rapid and sensitive detection of kinase activity. (kinasebiotech.com)
The kit is formulated to give sensitive detection of Pi, providing an alternative to hazardous radioactive methods and other less sensitive colorimetric assays. (cmscorp.co.kr)
Most nucleic acid detection systems use amplification steps such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to increase the amount of the probe. (mdc-berlin.de)
detection of gene probes, enzyme-linked immuno solid-phase assay, monoclonal antibody drug targeting and medical imaging. (justia.com)
In this study, Euroimmun semi-quantitative Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG for detection of humoral response and ELISpot assays for detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell-response were used in 10 ocrelizumab-treated patients with multiple sclerosis twice vaccinated with Comirnaty® mRNA vaccine. (biomedcentral.com)

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a circulating biomarker that is mainly applied in heart failure (HF) diagnosis and to monitor disease progression. (degruyter.com)
B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is one of three natriuretic peptides. (elitelearning.com)
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and BNP originate in the cardiac myocytes, while C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) originates in the endothelial cells. (elitelearning.com)

However, the high throughput accurate quantification of glycoproteins is technically challenging due to the scarcity of robust assays to detect and quantify glycoproteins. (nih.gov)
Here we describe the development of multiplexed targeted MS assays to quantify N-linked glycosite-containing peptides in serum using parallel reaction monitoring (PRM). (nih.gov)
Radiometric assays allow direct measurement of the rate of a given kinase reaction to accurately determine and quantify its catalytic activity. (kinasebiotech.com)

Induction of hepatitis A virus-neutralizing antibody by a virus-specific synthetic peptide. (scienceopen.com)
A synthetic peptide containing the HAV-specific amino acid sequence of one of these sites induced anti-HAV-neutralizing antibodies. (scienceopen.com)
Techniques used span from synthetic chemistry to protein expression and biochemical assays. (hofstra.edu)
We invest time in the interpretation of complex spectral data to identify our compounds from natural sources, developing biological models to demonstrate their efficacy on health and understanding their biological role, implementing synthetic and biosynthetic pathways for their sustainable production. (cnr.it)
Preliminary draft guidelines for the production and quality control of synthetic peptide vaccines were also noted by the Committee. (who.int)

The data demonstrate that the assays can be used for the high throughput and reproducible quantification of a panel of formerly N-linked glycosite-containing peptides. (nih.gov)
The Luminex assay offers both high-throughput and high-density sample analysis. (magazinexu.com)

The Lowry protein assay is a biochemical assay for determining the total level of protein in a solution. (wikipedia.org)
They provide valuable insights into the biochemical processes, functional pathways, and disease mechanisms in biological systems.Metabolomics and proteomics in bioanalysis inlcudes Sample Preparation, Analytical Techniques, Data Analysis, and Applications. (axispharm.com)
Bioconjugation is utilized extensively in biochemical, immunochemical and molecuar biological research. (justia.com)

It catalyzes the cis - trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family a. (hb-restaurant.de)
The method combines the reactions of copper ions with the peptide bonds under alkaline conditions (the Biuret test) with the oxidation of aromatic protein residues. (wikipedia.org)
The Lowry method is based on the reaction of Cu+, produced by the oxidation of peptide bonds, with Folin-Ciocalteu reagent (a mixture of phosphotungstic acid and phosphomolybdic acid in the Folin-Ciocalteu reaction). (wikipedia.org)
A protease is an enzyme that conducts proteolysis, i.e., the protein catabolism by hydrolysis of the peptide bonds that link amino acids together in the polypeptide chain which form the protein. (stratech.co.uk)
They belong to the class of enzymes known as hydrolases, which catalyse the reaction of hydrolysis of various bonds with the participation of a water molecule. (stratech.co.uk)
Proteases are involved in digesting long protein chains into short fragments, splitting the peptide bonds that link amino acid residues. (stratech.co.uk)
Some of them can detach the terminal amino acids from the protein chain (exopeptidases, such as aminopeptidases, carboxypeptidase A), while others attack internal peptide bonds of a protein (endopeptidases, such as trypsin, chymotrypsin, pepsin, papain and elastase). (stratech.co.uk)
Proteases can either break specific peptide bonds, depending on the amino acid sequence of a protein, or break down a complete peptide to amino acids. (stratech.co.uk)

The developed assays can also be used for the quantification of formerly N-linked glycosite-containing peptides in human serum irrespective of disease state. (nih.gov)

Therefore, approaches that aimed to measure a specific BNP or proBNP might be an effective way for the standardization of a particular BNP form measurement, instead of the standardization of "total" immunoreactive BNP assays in clinical at present. (degruyter.com)
The WHO Expert Committee on Biological Standardization which reviews developments in the field of biological substances used in medicine, establishes International Reference Materials and develops requirements and guidelines for the production and control of such biologicals, held its forty-sixth meeting in Geneva in October 1995. (who.int)

Protein glycosylation is one of the most common protein modifications, and the quantitative analysis of glycoproteins has the potential to reveal biological functions and their association with disease. (nih.gov)
We show that 43 selected N-linked glycosite-containing peptides identified in prostate cancer tissue studies carried out in our group were detected in the sera of prostate cancer patients within the quantitative range of the developed PRM assays. (nih.gov)
Furthermore, the most potent analogs were analyzed via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to determine efficacy in modulating expression of two critical tumor suppressor genes, activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) and early growth response 3 (EGR3). (asu.edu)
Bioanalytical quantitative analysis involves the accurate determination of the concentration or amount of a specific analyte in biological samples. (axispharm.com)

So the antigenic peptides can be detected by T cells. (lifetein.com)
These mutations are passenger mutations and the corresponding antigenic peptides are unique to the tumors in which they were identified. (lifetein.com)

For the pharmaceutical sector, the activities dedicated to the analysis, synthesis and biological evaluation of small bioactive organic molecules are able to support studies of lead compounds and preclinical development of lipids, natural products, peptides and biomarkers for oncology, immunology and neuroscience. (cnr.it)

Human TSH is one of several glycoprotein hormones consisting of two non-covalently bound peptide chains: an a-chain, which is nearly identical in all, and a ß-chain, which is responsible for immunological and biological specificity. (cdc.gov)
Peptide hormones are responsible for cellular functions critical to the survival of an organism. (usf.edu)
Approximately 50% of all known peptide hormones are post-translationally modified at the C-terminus. (usf.edu)
Identification of a-amidated hormones from a biological source has been severely hindered by the lack of a specific assay for this distinctive class of biological hormones, indicating that numerous a-amidated hormones remain undiscovered. (usf.edu)
Based on the selective in situ chemistry of PAM, a novel and specific assay was developed for the discovery of a-amidated hormones. (usf.edu)
Discovery of novel a-amidated biomolecules could also lead to their use as pharmaceuticals as there are several currently marketed a-amidated peptide based pharmaceuticals.Inhibition of PAM in cell culture leads to the accumulation of glycine-extended hormones in the conditioned medium. (usf.edu)
The medium was fractionated by chromatographic techniques and each specific fraction was then assayed by the newly developed platform technology for the presence of a-amidated hormones. (usf.edu)
Based on this 1:1 molar ratio, several novel spectrophotometric, fluorescent, and chemi-luminescent enzyme linked assays for glyoxylate were developed, which when utilized on cell culture fractions proved positive for the identification of a-amidated hormones. (usf.edu)

Therefore, we assayed the inhibitory effects of small peptides derived from S protein on the binding of S protein to ACE2 and on the S-protein-pseudotyped retrovirus infectivity. (scienceopen.com)
The inhibitory effect of peptide nucleic acid (PNA) was shown by using immobilized TS. (mdc-berlin.de)

Specific approaches include research on novel BNP assays with higher-specificity chemical antibodies, the development of International System of Units (SI)-traceable reference materials, and the development of structure characterization methods based on state-of-the-art ambient and ion mobility MS technologies. (degruyter.com)
These probes include receptors, antibodies, and peptides. (magazinexu.com)
Luminex assays can be conjugated with receptors, antibodies, and peptides, and thus their applications can be extended to protein expression and gene expression profiling, HLA testing, and much more. (magazinexu.com)
Plasma cells produce antibodies (eg, rheumatoid factor [RF], anticyclic citrullinated peptide [anti-CCP] antibody) that contribute to these complexes, but destructive arthritis can occur in their absence. (msdmanuals.com)

A simple and fast kinetics screening assay for electrophilic dermal sensitizers using nitrobenzenethiol. (cdc.gov)

Although novel approaches are proposed here, in practice, it is worth noting that the BNP-related peptides including unprocessed proBNP were all measured in clinical BNP assays. (degruyter.com)
4 BNP is synthesized within the cardiomyocyte as a preprohormone (preproBNP) of 134 amino acids, from which a prehormone (proBNP) of 108 amino acids and a signal peptide of 26 amino acids are derived. (elitelearning.com)
Studies indicate that the proBNP peptide precursor is cleaved either within or on the surface of cardiomyocytes, and that both NT-proBNP (1-76) and physiologically active C-terminal BNP-32 molecule (77-108) are released into the bloodstream. (elitelearning.com)

The absolute amount of toxin detected in the then serotype-specific product peptides are detected by mouse bioassay is not well defined but is thought to be either matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization time-of- 10-20 pg/mL for BoNT A (7,8). (cdc.gov)

Results from these multiple assays indicate that the panel of RXR ligands contains compounds with a range of activities, with some analogs capable of binding to RXR with higher affinity than others, and in some cases upregulating ApoE expression to a greater extent than bexarotene. (asu.edu)

Spectrophotometric methods were used to assay the clotting factors II, VII, IX and X in plasma of 33 subjectively healthy human donors and in plasma of 98 patients receiving long-term oral anticoagulant therapy. (karger.com)
Plasma from 98 patients receiving long-term anticoagulant therapy was assayed with 'Thrombotest', a clotting test in whole blood introduced by Owren and in these plasmas the activity of each of the vitamin K-dependent factors was assayed with spectrophotometric methods. (karger.com)
For the clotting factors IX and VII, novel spectrophotometric methods were applied and the plasma activities thus measured were compared to results obtained with factor IX and VII clotting assays. (karger.com)
Stopped flow techniques and conventional UV spectrophotometric measurements enabled determination of reaction rate constants ranging from 6 x10-3 M-1s-1 to 2.7 x 104 M-1s-1. (cdc.gov)
Stopped- flow techniques and conventional UV spectrophotometric measurements enabled the determination of reaction rates with half-lives ranging from 0.4 ms (benzoquinone) to 46.2 s (ethyl acrylate). (cdc.gov)

The virus was isolated in cell culture, and a sequence 300 nucleotides in length was obtained by a polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR)-based random-amplification procedure. (scienceopen.com)
microRNA (miR) is a highly conserved non-coding small RNA widely distributed in eukaryotic cells, 18-25 nucleotides long, being capable of affecting the biological functions of other genes by binding to the 3'UTR end of its target gene ( 4 , 5 ) . (researchsquare.com)

Automated platform properly suited for small molecules screening with immunomodulatory activity that relies on phenotypic assays using a range of cancer cells, reporter cells, humanized cells, primary nervous cells and immune system cells, animal models with invertebrates (zebrafish) and mammals, as well as on an instrument park for microscopy, fluorescence, mass imaging and mass cytometry. (cnr.it)

Protease-catalyzed hydrolysis relieves its quenching effect, yielding brightly fluorescent dye-labeled short peptides. (stratech.co.uk)
In this work, FMDV 3A homodimerization was evidenced by an in situ protein fluorescent ligation assay. (asm.org)

The development of assays to validate candidate biomarkers is costly and time-consuming. (lu.se)
We used a previously validated multiplexed 10-min, targeted proteomic assay to assess 54 candidate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers in two independent cohorts comprising individuals with neurodegenerative dementias and healthy controls. (lu.se)
This targeted proteomic multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)-based assay can simultaneously and rapidly measure multiple candidate CSF biomarkers. (lu.se)

A sample is added to a reaction vessel with goat anti-hTSH-alkaline phosphatase conjugate, buffered protein solution, and paramagnetic particles coated with immobilized mouse monoclonal anti-hTSH antibody. (cdc.gov)

It is of great interest to develop robust assays for monitoring their activities. (kinasebiotech.com)
However, the MAPs-4 system, in which four copies of the same peptide epitope are synthesized on a lysine-based core, does not require a carrier protein, as the dense packing of multiple copies of an epitope in combination with a high-molar ratio produces a robust immunological response. (lifetein.com)

Second, the review presents some promising approaches to resolve the current barriers in clinical BNP measurement, such as how to decrease cross-reactions and increase the measurement consistency. (degruyter.com)
AxisPharm bioanalytical services encompass a wide range of scientific and analytical services focused on the characterization, measurement, and analysis of biological molecules and compounds. (axispharm.com)
Bioanalysis method development and validation are essential steps in ensuring accurate and reliable measurement of analytes in biological matrices. (axispharm.com)

RESULTS: The quantitation of serum apo(a) was by design independent of its size polymorphism, was linear from 3.8 to 456 nmol/L, and had a lower limit of quantitation for apo(a) of 3.8 nmol/L using peptide LFLEPTQADIALLK. (cdc.gov)

however, adverse reactions occur simultaneously when bound to other nuclear receptors. (asu.edu)

Dr. Jaremko's research interests are in the investigation of enzymes involved in natural product pathways, including fatty acids and non-ribosomal peptides (pharmaceuticals), using small molecule probes and inhibitors. (hofstra.edu)
Luminex assays offer custom panels and probes. (magazinexu.com)
Researchers can customize study probes on assay panels and develop custom Luminex assays for individual research needs. (magazinexu.com)

However, Luminex assays have been increasingly employed in cytokine analysis. (magazinexu.com)
Hence, the current article highlights the advantages of using Luminex cytokine assays . (magazinexu.com)

Monitoring various protease activities has become a routine task for many biological laboratories. (stratech.co.uk)
The mouse bioassay is the accepted stan- detect and differentiate active BoNTs A, B, E, and F. This dard and is the only widely accepted method for detecting method uses the highly specific protease activity of the tox- ins with target peptides specific for each toxin serotype. (cdc.gov)

Hence, Luminex ELISAs can multiplex upto 100 analytes in a single assay well. (magazinexu.com)
The assay can multiplex upto 100 tests in a single run and run upto 1000 study samples every day. (magazinexu.com)

1. Bernal C, Palacin C, Boronat A, Imperial S. (2005) A colorimetric assay for the determination of 4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate synthase activity. (cmscorp.co.kr)
1999) Determination of a putative phosphate-containing peptide in calreticulin. (cmscorp.co.kr)

Dr. Rooney's research interests include investigating the structure-function relationships of metallopeptides and the interactions between peptides and lipid bilayers. (hofstra.edu)
Though prior research had already discovered the microbes' ability to break down BPA, the interactions that allowed this reaction were yet unknown. (rsc.org)

By complex cooperative action the proteases may proceed as cascade reactions, which result in rapid and efficient amplification of an organism's response to a physiological signal. (stratech.co.uk)
This simple and rapid absorbance based method can be incorporated into the battery of alternative non-animal assays for use in skin sensitization prediction. (cdc.gov)

Journal of Biological Chemistry. (wikipedia.org)
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 283(49), 34445–34456. (ncsu.edu)

A membrane receptor reagent and assay is disclosed in which liposomes are bound to an evanescent wave emitting surface. (google.com)

The Institute has a proven experience in analyzing, preparing and evaluating the biological properties of small organic molecules. (cnr.it)

Usually, human primary immune cells are employed for in vitro biological assays for immunogenicity prediction, and though they are generally obtained from healthy donors, samples from specific subpopulations of patients can be of interest in the study of disease-specific immunogenic reactions. (ddw-online.com)
The antigen priming of CD4+ T cells by mature MoDCs leads to the proliferation of CD4+ T cells in in-vitro PBMC assays. (ddw-online.com)

Isolated cellular subsets can allow better control in terms of assay set-up, but care must be taken to ensure minimal cellular damage, maximum yield, and standardised processing. (ddw-online.com)

PBMC, DC:T) assay makes use of APC surface expression of specific antigens, eg. (ddw-online.com)

RC50 was defined as the been proposed using current mechanistic understanding of the concentration of electrophile required to deplete 50% of the thiol chemical and biological basis of skin sensitization ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
The peptide depletion assay developed skin sensitization perspective, understanding and predicting early by Gerberick et al. (cdc.gov)

In order to address these challenges effectively, there is an urgent need to understand the biological consequences of the mutations found in these lineages, and the consequential impact on their susceptibility to current control measures, particularly vaccines. (nature.com)
Peptides as vaccines may not be able to stimulate the immune system powerfully enough on their own. (lifetein.com)
In addition, it adopted revised requirements for yellow fever vaccine and for sterility tests for mycoplasmas (part of the General Requirements for the Sterility of Biological Substances) and a summary protocol for the batch release of final lots of viral vaccines. (who.int)

Functional recognition of the modified human tRNA(UUU)(Lys3) anticodon domain by HIV's nucleocapsid protein and a peptide mimic. (ncsu.edu)

Among different kinase assays that have been developed to detect the activity of specific kinases in cells, radiometric assays have long been considered the "gold standard" assay format. (kinasebiotech.com)
The in-gel kinase assay is a powerful method to direct measure the activity of specific kinases. (kinasebiotech.com)
A peptide is a specific type of amino acid. (nih.gov)
This tumor-specific peptide could be a potent and selective ligand for FRα. (lifetein.com)

These cells allow different types of assays to be performed, covering the T cell-mediated immune response from antigen uptake to T cell proliferation. (ddw-online.com)
Since neoantigens are small peptides harboring tumor mutations, immunization with them usually needs strong immunostimulatory agents to produce an effective immune response. (lifetein.com)

For reactive substances like diisocyanates significant toxicokinetic differences can be demonstrated, e.g. with respect to primary reaction products at the portal of entry (oral, dermal, inhalation). (europa.eu)

The reaction mechanism is not well understood, but involves reduction of the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and oxidation of aromatic residues (mainly tryptophan, also tyrosine). (wikipedia.org)

Peptide scanning suggested the region spanning residues 660-683 might act as a receptor-binding domain. (scienceopen.com)
CCR5 is usually a chemokine receptor that binds MIP-1 (CCL3), MIP-1 (CCL4) and RANTES, and directs chemotactic reactions in leucocytes. (exposed-skin-care.net)

Physicochemical characterization, drug release, photostability and cytotoxicity assays were performed for the developed Keto-NC formulations and compared to ketoprofen-loaded nanocapsules using medium chain triglycerides as oil core (Keto-MCT-NC). (bvsalud.org)

Questions of biological and clinical relevance predominated at the Human Proteome Organization's 10th annual meeting this week in Geneva, as much of the discussion focused on efforts to move the field of proteomics in more applied directions. (genomeweb.com)
Each assay was characterized by its performance metrics and criteria established by the National Cancer Institute's Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (NCI CPTAC) to facilitate the widespread adoption of the assays in studies designed to confidently detect changes in the relative abundance of these analytes. (nih.gov)

Enhanced ApoE expression may promote clearance of soluble Aβ peptides from the brain and reduce Aβ plaques, thus resolving both amyloid pathology and cognitive deficits. (asu.edu)

Because some identical amino acid sequences occur in the precursor and metabolites of BNP, undesirable cross-reactions are common in immunoassays. (degruyter.com)
Using this assay, he found that the painful synaptic input triggered a genetic regulatory sequence, called the enhancosome , that activated the transcription of the precursor protein and thus of dynorphin itself. (nih.gov)

Currently standards must be generated one by one by incorporating isotope-labeled amino acids into the peptide sequence by chemical synthesis or by addition to culture media. (genengnews.com)
This primer sequence was phosphorothioate (PS) modified, which is known to strongly increase the affinity to the primer binding site of telomerase protein and consequently the velocity of the telomerase reaction. (mdc-berlin.de)

An in-house developed software program, MRMPlus, was used to compute assay performance parameters including specificity, precision, and repeatability. (nih.gov)

The small surface area and 3D structure of microbeads generate faster reaction kinetics and thus result in shorter run times. (magazinexu.com)

Anatomy4

Organisms4

Chemicals and Drugs54

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment21

Phenomena and Processes34

Disciplines and Occupations3

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science6

Proteins19

Mass spectrometry8

Enzyme-linke1

ELISA8

Activity Assay2

Substrates3

Proteotypic peptides1

Substrate11

Reactivity7

Enzymatic2

Luciferase3

Detection9

Natriuretic peptide3

Quantify3

Synthetic5

High throughput2

Biochemical3

Bonds8

Quantification1

Standardization2

Quantitative4

Antigenic2

Lipids1

Hormones8

Inhibitory2

Antibodies4

Electrophilic1

ProBNP3

BoNT1

Ligands1

Spectrophotometric5

Nucleotides2

Small molecules1

Fluorescent2

Biomarkers3

Conjugate1

Robust2

Measurement3

Nmol1

Receptors1

Probes3

Cytokine2

Protease2

Multiplex2

Determination2

Interactions2

Rapid2

Journal of Biolog2

Liposomes1

Organic molecules1

Vitro2

Cellular1

Antigens1

Skin sensitization2

Vaccines3

Mimic1

Specific4

Immune response2

Dermal1

Reagent1

Receptor2

Characterization1

Clinical2

Soluble1

Precursor2

Sequence2

Specificity1

Kinetics1